Kua II Saib: 9 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:29

CUPERTINO, California-Cuaj hlis 9, 1984-Apple Computer Inc.® hnub no nthuav tawm Apple // saib ™ -its feem ntau cov cuab yeej siv ntiag tug. Apple // saib qhia txog kev hloov pauv kev tsim qauv thiab BASIC USER INTERFACE tsim tshwj xeeb rau lub cuab yeej me dua. Apple // saib nta A KNOB, txoj hauv kev tshiab rau SCROLL, yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov zaub. Lub KNOB tseem ua lub khawm RETURN thiab txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau XOV XWM NTAWV. CATHODE RAY TUBE zaub ntawm Apple // saib nta TEXT, thev naus laus zis uas tso cai rau koj nyeem, muab txoj hauv kev tshiab kom sai thiab yooj yim nkag tau rau hauv PROGRAMS. Apple // saib qhia txog lub suab me me hais lus uas ua tib zoo ua kom muaj cov lus tshiab ntawm kev ceeb toom thiab ceeb toom koj tuaj yeem hnov. Apple Computer kev cai-tsim nws tus kheej 6502 PROCESSOR CUT IN HALF txhawm rau ua kom me me tag nrho lub khoos phis tawj architecture mus rau PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD. Kua // saib kuj tseem muaj ob QHOV KEV TSHAWB kom sib txuas tau zoo nrog koj lub MAGNETIC STORAGE DISKS.

Nqi & Muaj

Apple // w yuav muaj nyob rau thaum ntxov 1985 pib ntawm $ 1299 (Asmeskas). Apple // saib yog sib xws nrog Apple // lossis Apple // Plus, Apple /// lossis Apple /// Plus, Apple // c, Apple // e, Apple Lisa, thiab Macintosh khiav ntawm ELECTRICITY.

Kauj Ruam 1: Cov Hom Phiaj Tsis Txaus Siab: Tsim Cov Khoom Uas Yeej Tsis Yog

Thaum kuv teeb tsa los tsim lub Apple II saib, kuv tau xub npaj los tsim qhov kev ntseeg me me ua piv txwv ntawm lub tshuab qub hauv lub dab teg-qhov loj me. Thaum tshawb nrhiav tus tsim kuv pib nug yog tias kuv tsuas yog xav ua qhov me me, lossis qee yam tshiab tag nrho? Kuv nyob ntawm qhov kawg. Kev tsim qauv yuav ua haujlwm* ntaus ntawv, muaj kev tshoov siab los ntawm daim ntawv ntawm lub khoos phis tawj loj, tab sis nws kuj tseem yuav yog kev xav txog kev tshawb fawb ntawm lub ntiaj teb thev naus laus zis wearable uas pib ntev ua ntej peb muaj thev naus laus zis los ua txoj hauv kev muaj txiaj ntsig. Lub laij lej saib yog twb dhau los, txhais los ntawm lub computer siv lub dab teg, thiab zoo nkauj heev, tab sis tsuas yog qee yam uas txaus siab txog lub tswv yim me me dab teg-hnav CRT. Kuv kuj xav thawb kuv qhov kev txawj ua qauv 3D tshiab ib yam nkaus, yog li tsim lub thawv ntim khoom tsim nyog yog qhov nyuaj.

Nws puas ua haujlwm BASIC?

Txawm hais tias MCU Kuv tab tom siv lub ntsej muag (los ntawm xyoo 1980 tus qauv) 72 MHz, saib lub luag haujlwm feem ntau yog kev dag ntawm Apple Watch niaj hnub no. Kuv qhov version khaws thiab tso saib lub sijhawm thiab hnub tim tiag, tas li ntawm UI feem ntau yog kev lom zem. Kuv txiav txim siab siv sijhawm ntxiv tus kws txhais lus BASIC (ib qho Woz's Integer Basic lossis tej zaum Tiny Basic), tab sis qhov rov qab los ntawm kuv lub sijhawm yuav ploj zuj zus. Kuv siv sijhawm kwv yees li 3 lub lis piam ua haujlwm ntawm rooj plaub tsim thiab txheej txheem yooj yim thiab lwm lub lim tiam ntawm cov duab thiab software.

Kauj Ruam 2: Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb

Cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tiag tiag suav nrog:

Teensy 3.1 (72 MHz ARM processor, 256K ROM 64K RAM, built-in moos sijhawm)

1.8 TFT LCD (160x128 pixels 18 ntsis xim)

SOMO II MP3 (rau kev rov ua suab nrov)

LiPo charger/txhawb kev hloov pauv

laub khawm fais fab hloov

momentary laub khawm

teb encoder (vaj huam sib luag-mount)

8 ohm 2W tus hais lus

(2x) 3mm liab LED

(2x) 1 K ohm resistor

800 mAh LiPo roj teeb (muab kwv yees li 3 teev lub neej)

2032 npib cell roj teeb

32.768 kHz siv lead ua

(2x) 2GB daim npav microSD

1/4 pob qhov rooj

(8x) M2.5 x 6

(4x) M2.5 x 10

hlau (26 gauge)

Kauj Ruam 3: Kev Sib Ntsib Hauv Tshuab

Muaj ntau heev ntim rau hauv pob me me no. Txij li thaum kuv muaj qhov chaw me me, tag nrho cov kev siv hluav taws xob siv taw tes rau taw tes txuas siv cov xaim hluav taws xob. Thaum kawg qhov no ua pov thawj ua rau qee qhov mob taub hau (ntau ntxiv txog qhov no tom qab), yog li kuv tau txiav txim siab ntawm cov xov hlau tseem ceeb, txawm hais tias nws yog qhov kev sib tw nyuaj dua rau hauv rooj plaub. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaum kawg tau qhwv hauv kab xev hluav taws xob txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom luv thaum sib sau ua ke. Txog cov neeg xav paub, kuv tau txuas cov ntaub ntawv rau MP3 module (koj tuaj yeem pom tag nrho cov pinouts ntawm cov khoom nplooj ntawv txuas rau ntawm cov kauj ruam dhau los).

Kauj ruam 4: Software

Txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb yog qhov yooj yim Arduino kos duab ua haujlwm ntawm Teensy 3.1 (txuas rau saum toj no yog daim duab tseem ceeb, xav tau tsev qiv ntawv, duab bitmap, thiab cov suab nrov). Koj yuav xav tau Teensy IDE + loader los khiav qhov no. Paul Stoffregen tau tso ntau txoj haujlwm los ua Teensy dev laug cam txaus thiab siv tau yooj yim, yog li lawv yog kuv mus-rau micro rau cov phiaj xwm nrawm.

Qhov kev zov me nyuam ua qee yam:

Kuv/O

Tus neeg siv lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog tus lej nkag teb chaws, ehem, cov yas digital, yog li cov hluas siv kev cuam tshuam-raws (ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv Encoder) txhawm rau txheeb xyuas txhua qhov kev sib hloov. Lub tsev qiv ntawv Bounce ua haujlwm sai ntawm kev nyeem tau yooj yim ntawm lub pob. Spinning lub pob qhov rooj mus los ntawm qhov hais kom ua lub sub-menu xaiv nrog lub pob nyem rau nkag thiab tawm ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ntawd.

Khiav Sequence

Lub moos ua nrawm "khau raj" ua ntu zus txhawm rau ua raws li txheej txheem pib ntawm Apple tiag tiag [lub computer]. Ib lub vijtsam puv ntawm cov kab ntawv sau ua ntej lub kaw lus kaw, ua raws los ntawm lub taub hau disk "calibration." Ob lub suab nrov yog. MP3 cov ntaub ntawv uas tau ua si ntawm qhov me me 2 watt hais lus.

Menus

Lub vijtsam tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg siv qhia hnub tim thiab sijhawm tam sim no thiab qhia meej txhua daim ntawv teev npe ntawm ntau lub submenu ua haujlwm:

moos - qhia pom lub ntsej muag zoo sib xws ntawm lub ntsej muag

kev tawm dag zog - ua tiav "cov nyom nce qib" rau kev txav chaw, qoj ib ce, thiab sawv ntsug

duab - mus los ntawm kev xaiv bitmaps

phau ntawv xov tooj - qhia cov npe ntawm cov npe luv

huab cua - qhia pom daim duab ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb

suab paj nruag - maj mam ua rau lub paj qhib

nqi hluav taws xob - nthuav tawm daim duab zoo li tus npauj npaim

tus thawj tswj hwm disk -ntsais cov disk tsav LEDs ob peb zaug

Kauj Ruam 5: 3D Luam Tawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv

Kuv tsim lub moos siv Autodesk Fusion 360 thiab luam tawm tag nrho lub moos ntawm Objet Connex tshuab luam ntawv, tso cai rau cov ntsiab lus zoo thiab qee yam zoo li "CRT iav." Kuv tau txuas cov ntaub ntawv.stl rau txhua tus neeg uas xav luam lawv tus kheej. Yog tias koj tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D, koj tuaj yeem siv Shapeways, Ponoko, lossis 3D Hubs (uas tau tsim los rau hauv kev tsim kho) txhua qhov kev pabcuam zoo heev uas tuaj yeem luam yuav luag txhua yam.

Kauj Ruam 6: Kos Duab

Cov duab no qhia tawm cov txheej txheem pleev xim ntawm cov qauv ua ntej uas tseem nyob nrog cov khoom siv sib nqus induction them nyiaj, tab sis cov txheej txheem zoo ib yam. Kuv txheej cov ntawv hauv Montana hom tshuaj pleev xim ua ntej thiab ua raws nrog "Elm" xim xim. Qhov no yog qhov kwv yees kwv yees uas kuv tuaj yeem pom ntawm kuv lub khw muag khoom kos duab hauv zos mus rau "classic" mob daj ntseg beige xim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ncig xyoo 1985. Ib txheej txheej ntawm cov xim dub tau ntxiv rau daim disk lub ntsej muag phaj kom npog ib qho tsis zoo hauv 3D txheej txheem luam ntawv.

Kauj Ruam 7: Cov ntawv nplaum

Txog qhov kov ntxiv kuv xav ntxiv me ntsis ntxiv los ua kom lub moos zoo li tseem qis dua (lub moos yog kwv yees li 1: 6 rau Apple] [lub monitor). Nrog qhov ntsuas no hauv siab, Kuv txiav txim siab los tsim 7/8 "floppy disk uas tuaj yeem xaub mus rau pem hauv ntej lub ntsej muag ntawm lub moos. Kuv pom cov duab daws teeb meem siab ntawm 5.25" floppy thiab tsim cov ntawv vector rau luam ntawv. Kuv siv Roland yas cutter/tshuab luam ntawv los tig cov duab puab ua cov ntawv nplaum, uas tom qab ntawd kuv tau ua raws li daim nyias nyias ntawm daim npav laser txiav-daim npav txhawm rau muab lawv qee qhov nruj. Kuv tau hla cov txheej txheem tsim zoo ib yam rau Apple lub cim ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob inductive thiab rooj plaub tseem ceeb. Kuv tau txuas cov duab kos rau cov floppy disks thiab cov cim raws li. PDFs saum toj no.

Kauj Ruam 8: Teeb tsa…

Kev ua siab ntev yog kev tsim txiaj

Hauv kuv lub siab xav kom ua tau raws li kuv tus kheej lub sijhawm kom ua tiav lub sijhawm saib, Kuv tsis quav ntsej ua qhov ntsuas txuas mus thoob plaws hauv kuv qhov kev sib tw hauv kev yos hav zoov rau kev sib txuas luv. Kev ceev faj lub xov tooj hluav taws xob ntawm MP3 module tau wiggled mus rau tus pin hauv av uas nyob ib sab, kib kuv lub voj voog. Damn. Kuv tsis paub tseeb tias puas tsuaj kuv tau ua tiag, tab sis txawm li cas los xij, kuv lub Circuit Court yuav tsis qhib. Nws yog lub sijhawm rov pib dua. Ua tsaug, Adafruit's lub zog txuas hluav taws xob tau ua rau kuv tsis muaj hmoo ntawm kev ncaj qha luv LiPo roj teeb, kev teeb tsa hauv kev tiv thaiv tam sim no tau nce mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb!

Inductive Charging

Txawm hais tias qhov no yog qhov kawg, Kuv xav qhia tawm qhov me me ntxiv gizmo. Kuv xub xav ua kom zoo li cov hlau nplaum xauv inductive charging nam ntawm lub kua tshiab, tab sis cov inductive coils tawg. Kuv tsis paub tseeb txog qhov ua tsis tiav, tab sis ntawm qhov no kuv txiav txim siab tias kuv xav theej seem no. Nws yog qhov txias, kuv thuam "mag-nyab xeeb" txuas tau ua haujlwm, tab sis nws muaj ntau qhov teeb meem ntau dua li qhov tshwj xeeb. Tawm qhov no tom qab txhais tau ntau lub sijhawm los tsom mus rau lub ntsiab saib!

Kauj Ruam 9: Kev Xav Thaum Kawg

Qhov no yog txoj haujlwm zoo heev los tsim thiab kuv yeej tau txais kev hwm ntau rau cov kws ua haujlwm zoo uas ua qhov no rau cov khoom lag luam tiag. Kuv twv yuav raug hu xav txog kev tsim ntau yam khoom siv anachronistic yav tom ntej. Kuv kuj tseem yuav nyiam pom ib tus neeg txhim kho qhov no thiab ua kom muaj qhov tshwj xeeb "ntse saib" siv lub khoos phis tawj retro tsim thiab OS tseeb. Yog tias koj muaj lub tswv yim rau cov phiaj xwm zoo sib xws, Kuv xav paub. Tsaug rau kev nyeem ntawv!

Hloov kho FAQ

Koj puas muag cov no?

Tsis yog. Qhov no tsuas yog ib daim duab kos ib zaug xwb.

Vim li cas tsis?

Qhov kev tsim no siv Apple lub cim lag luam. Ntxiv thiab, kuv tsis xav tsim cov no. Kuv zoo siab heev nrog kuv txoj haujlwm thiab tsis muaj kev tso tseg thiab tso tseg kev txiav txim.

Tus nqi no tau ua ntau npaum li cas?

Kwv yees li $ 100 hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab $ 100 hauv cov khoom luam tawm 3D thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho vajtse.

Nws loj npaum li cas?

Cov ntaub ntawv zaum kawg yog kwv yees li 3 "x 3" x 1"