Suab Teeb Neeg Hlau: 6 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Hauv Cov Lus Qhia no koj yuav ua lub teeb pom kev zoo ntaus ntawv. Cov cuab yeej no tig rau lub teeb ci LED lossis lub teeb ci nrog cov nkauj. Cov suab paj nruag tawm los ntawm kab tawm lossis hais lus tawm ntawm HiFi, khoos phis tawj lossis xov tooj ntawm tes.

Koj tuaj yeem pom lub Circuit Court ua haujlwm hauv video.

Khoom siv

Koj yuav xav tau:

- matrix pawg thawj coj saib, - tshav kub dab dej, - NPN fais fab transistor, - ob peb NPN BJT cov hom phiaj dav dav transistors, - ob lub PNP BJT lub hom phiaj dav dav transistors, -Saib, - soldering hlau, - kaw (koj tuaj yeem siv lub khob ntawv), - laum hluav taws xob (xaiv tau), - tshav kub hloov pauv, - kab xev, - 10 ohm zog resistor, - 270 ohm tus tiv thaiv, - 4.7 kohm tus tiv thaiv, - 2 Megohm kuj tsis paub meej resistor, - ob 1 kohm resistors, - ob 10 kohm resistors, - 100 kohm tus tiv thaiv, - 470 nF thiab 100 nF capacitors, - txiv ntoo thiab ntsia liaj qhov rooj rau lub dab dej kub, - ob peb lub teeb ci ci lossis ob lub teeb 1.5 V, - txiab lossis ntsia hlau tsav tsheb, - ib lub hom phiaj dav dav diode.

Kauj Ruam 1: Txuas lub Tshav Kub Kub

Laum ob lub qhov nyob hauv pawg thawj coj saib thiab txuas lub dab dej kub raws li qhia hauv daim duab.

Kauj Ruam 2: Txuas Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob

Txuas PNP fais fab transistor nrog ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab tso cua sov hloov pauv.

Kauj ruam 3: Tsim Circuit Court

Rc1b resistor tau xaiv ua 10 kohm hloov 1 kohm kom nce lub sijhawm them tas li. Lub sijhawm tso tawm tas li yog qhov sib npaug ntawm lub capacitor (C1) thiab tus tiv thaiv (Rb2) tus nqi. Lwm txoj hauv kev yuav yog siv tus nqi C1 siab dua tab sis qhov no yuav txhais tau tias siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab piv rau hauv ncoo lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Koj tuaj yeem hloov qhov muag teeb nrog LEDs ci. Yog tias LED siv 10 mA nrog 2 V xav tau lub zog hluav taws xob qhov xav tau series Rc4 resistor yog (Vs - Vled) / Iled = (3 V - 2 V) / 10 mA = 100 ohms. Koj tuaj yeem tso ib qho ntxiv LED ua ke thiab txo cov koob tiv thaiv hauv ib nrab lossis koj tuaj yeem tso ob peb LEDs nrog 100-ohm resistors nyob rau hauv tib lub zog rau transistor.

Koj tsuas xav tau peb lub hom phiaj dav dav BJT transistors. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum tau yuav ob peb qhov uas koj hlawv lawv los ntawm kev txuas mus rau tus lej tsis raug. General-purpose transistors yog pheej yig heev.

Rc4 tsuas yog xav tau los ua lub zog tiv thaiv yog tias koj siv lub teeb ci.

Rb1 tus tiv thaiv tiv thaiv qhov ci ntawm lub qhov muag teeb lossis LEDs ci.

Ib qho kev hloov pauv tam sim no tam sim no (nce tam sim no) Beta (cov khoom sib faib tam sim no los ntawm lub hauv paus tam sim no) yog 100. Txawm li cas los xij, tus nqi no tuaj yeem qis li 20 lossis siab li 500. Tus nqi Beta tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua siab ntev thiab qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig tam sim no.

Tam sim no peb tuaj yeem suav qhov kwv yees kwv yees yam tsawg kawg ntawm Beta qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Q2, Q3 thiab Q4 transistors uas yuav tso cai tag nrho saturation:

Vs - Vbe = 3 V - 0.7 V = 2.3 V

Q2 Beta: Ic2 / Ib2 = ((Vs - Vbe) / Rb3) / ((Vs - Vbe - Vd) / Rb2)

= (2.3 V / 4, 700 ohms) / ((2.3 V - 0.7 V) / 100, 000 ohms) = 30.585106383

Q3 Beta: Ic3 / Ib3 = ((Vs - Vbe) / Rb4) / ((Vs - Vbe) / Rb3)

= (2.3 V / 220 ohms) / (2.3 V / 4, 700 ohms + 3 V / 100, 000 ohms) = 20.1296041116

Cov teeb pom kev zoo tam sim no yog 0.3 A. Yog li:

Q4 Beta: Ic4 / Ib4 = 0.3 A / ((Vs - Vbe) / Rb4) = 0.3 A / (2.3 V / 220 ohms) = 28.6956521739

Yog li cov transistors yuav feem ntau yuav saturate.

Tam sim no peb suav qhov RC qis dhau lub zog fais fab lim lim txiav tawm:

fl = 1/(2*pi*Rs*Cs) = 1/(2*pi*100*(470*10^-6)) = 3.38627538493 Hz

Koj tuaj yeem pom hauv Circuit Court uas kuv tsis tau siv RC qis dhau lub zog lim lim. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav xav tau qhov lim qis dhau yog tias koj lub roj teeb lossis lub zog siv hluav taws xob muaj zog tiv thaiv sab hauv. Yog tias lub Circuit Court tseem oscillates txawm nrog RC lim ces sim muab cov peev txheej ntau dua qhov tseem ceeb ua ke nrog Cs1 thiab Cs2 lub tshuab hluav taws xob kom txo qis qis qis qis.

Xam cov tswv yim siab dhau lim txiav tawm zaus:

fh = 1/(2*pi*Ri*Ci) = 1/(2*pi*1000*(470*10^-9)) = 338.627538493 Hz

Qhov siab tshaj qhov siab tshaj plaws txiav tawm zaus yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 20 Hz. Txhawm rau txo qhov zaus peb tuaj yeem yog:

1. Ua kom tus nqi Ri nce ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav txo qhov kev nce hauv Circuit Court.

2. Ua kom tus nqi Ci nce ntxiv. Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua. Peb tuaj yeem tso ntxiv 470 nF capacitor ua ke nrog Ci lossis hloov Ci nrog 10 uF (10, 000 nF) bipolar capacitor. Txawm li cas los xij, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tshiab no tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab yuav raug nqi ntau dua. Bipolar capacitors yog qhov nyuaj nrhiav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cov vev xaib.

Kauj Ruam 4: Muab Lub Circuit Court tso rau hauv lub khob ntawv lossis lub thawv

Koj tuaj yeem pom tias lub voj voog haum rau hauv lub khob ntawv.

Lub qhov muag teeb tau txuas nrog daim kab xev nplaum.

Koj tuaj yeem ua lub qhov nyob hauv lub khob nrog tus ntsia hlau tsav lossis txiab rau lub hwj chim.

Lub teeb yuav pom los ntawm lub khob thaum nyob.

Kauj Ruam 5: Ruaj Ruaj Nrog Cov Kab Xev

Koj tuaj yeem siv cov kab xev nplaum.

Kauj Ruam 6: Txuas caj npab thiab txhais ceg

Siv 1 hli hlau xaim txuas rau caj npab thiab ceg rau tus neeg hlau.

Tam sim no koj ua tiav.