Kev cuam tshuam Ultrasonic Ranging Module HC-SR04 Nrog Arduino: 5 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Hav, ua li cas, Cov Menyuam! Akarsh nov los ntawm CETech.

Txoj haujlwm no ntawm kuv yog me ntsis ntawm sab yooj yim tab sis lom zem ib yam li lwm txoj haujlwm. Hauv txoj haujlwm no, peb tab tom cuam tshuam nrog HC-SR04 Ultrasonic distance sensor module. Cov qauv no ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob ultrasonic lub suab uas tsis tawm ntawm ntau yam ntawm tib neeg thiab los ntawm kev ncua ntawm kev sib kis thiab txais tos ntawm qhov tsim tawm yoj qhov nrug tau suav.

Ntawm no peb tab tom cuam tshuam qhov ntsuas no nrog Arduino thiab yuav sim ua kom zoo li lub chaw pabcuam chaw nres tsheb uas raws li qhov deb ntawm qhov teeb meem tom qab tsim cov suab sib txawv thiab tseem ua teeb sib txawv LEDs raws li qhov deb.

Yog li cia peb mus rau qhov lom zem tam sim no.

Kauj Ruam 1: Tau PCBs rau Koj Cov Haujlwm Tsim Khoom

Koj yuav tsum txheeb xyuas PCBWAY rau xaj PCBs online kom pheej yig!

Koj tau txais 10 qhov zoo PCBs tsim thiab xa mus rau koj lub qhov rooj kom pheej yig. Koj tseem yuav tau txais luv nqi ntawm kev xa khoom ntawm koj thawj daim ntawv xaj. Tshaj tawm koj cov ntaub ntawv Gerber mus rau PCBWAY kom tau txais lawv tsim nrog qhov ua tau zoo thiab lub sijhawm hloov pauv sai. Txheeb xyuas lawv online Gerber saib ua haujlwm. Nrog cov ntsiab lus khoom plig, koj tuaj yeem tau txais khoom pub dawb los ntawm lawv lub khw khoom plig.

Kauj Ruam 2: Txog HC-SR04 Ultrasound Ranging Module

Lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ultrasonic (lossis hloov pauv) ua haujlwm ntawm tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus raws li lub kaw lus radar. Lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ultrasonic tuaj yeem hloov pauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob mus rau lub suab nrov thiab hloov pauv. Lub suab nrov ntawm lub suab yog lub nthwv dej ultrasonic taug kev ntawm qhov ntau dua 18kHz. Lub npe nrov HC SR04 ultrasonic tsim hluav taws xob ultrasonic ntawm 40kHz zaus. Cov qauv no muaj 4 tus pin uas yog Echo, Trigger, Vcc, thiab GND

Feem ntau, lub microcontroller siv rau kev sib txuas lus nrog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ultrasonic. Txhawm rau pib ntsuas qhov deb, lub microcontroller xa lub teeb liab mus rau lub ntsuas ultrasonic. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm qhov teeb meem no yog 10µS rau HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor. Thaum ntsuas, lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ultrasonic tsim yim lub suab (ultrasonic) nthwv dej tawg thiab pib lub sijhawm ntsuas. Sai li qhov tau txais (lub ncho) teeb liab tau txais, lub sijhawm nres. Qhov tso tawm ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ultrasonic yog lub plawv dhia siab nrog lub sijhawm zoo ib yam li lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm kev sib kis ultrasonic tawg thiab tau txais lub teeb liab ncha.

Lub microcontroller txhais lub sijhawm teeb liab mus rau qhov deb siv cov haujlwm hauv qab no:

Nrug deb (cm) = Echo Pulse Width (microseconds)/58

Kev xav, qhov nrug deb tuaj yeem suav nrog ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas TRD (sijhawm/tus nqi/nrug). Txij li qhov suav qhov deb yog qhov kev mus los ntawm ultrasonic transducer mus rau qhov khoom-thiab rov qab mus rau transducer-nws yog ob txoj kev mus. Los ntawm kev faib qhov nrug no los ntawm 2, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm tus hloov pauv mus rau qhov khoom. Ultrasonic nthwv dej taug kev nrawm ntawm lub suab (343 m/s ntawm 20 ° C). Qhov nrug nruab nrab ntawm qhov khoom thiab lub ntsuas cua yog ib nrab ntawm qhov kev mus los ntawm lub suab nthwv dej thiab nws tuaj yeem suav nrog siv cov haujlwm hauv qab no:

Qhov nrug (cm) = (lub sijhawm siv x suab nrov)/2

Kauj Ruam 3: Ua Kev Sib Txuas

Rau theem no, Cov Khoom Siv Yuav Tsum yog - Arduino UNO, HC -SR04 Ultrasonic Distance sensor module, LEDs, Piezo Buzzer, Jumper cables

Cov Kev Sib Txuas yuav tsum ua tiav hauv cov theem hauv qab no:

1) Txuas Echo Pin ntawm Sensor mus rau GPIO Pin 11 ntawm Arduino, Ua Tus Pin ntawm Sensor mus rau Sensor mus rau GPIO Pin 12 ntawm Arduino UNO thiab Vcc thiab GND Pins ntawm Sensor mus rau 5V thiab GND ntawm Arduino.

2) Siv 3 LEDs thiab txuas cov cathodes (feem ntau yog ntev dua ceg) ntawm LEDs rau Arduino's GPIO pins 9, 8 thiab 7 feem. Txuas qhov anode (feem ntau yog luv dua ceg) ntawm cov LEDs no rau GND.

3) Siv lub piezo buzzer. Txuas nws tus pin zoo rau GPIO tus pin 10 ntawm Arduino thiab tus lej tsis zoo rau GND.

Thiab ua li no, kev sib txuas ntawm qhov haujlwm tau ua tiav. Tam sim no txuas Arduino rau koj lub PC thiab txav mus rau cov kauj ruam tom ntej.

Kauj Ruam 4: Coding Arduino UNO Module

Hauv cov kauj ruam no, peb yuav tso cov lej hauv peb Arduino UNO txhawm rau ntsuas qhov deb ntawm ib qho kev cuam tshuam nyob ze thiab raws li qhov deb ntawd lub suab nrov nrov thiab teeb lub LEDs. Peb kuj tuaj yeem pom qhov kev nyeem ntawv nyob deb ntawm Serial Monitor. Cov kauj ruam yuav tsum ua raws yog:

1) Tsiv mus rau GitHub chaw cia khoom ntawm qhov haujlwm ntawm no.

2) Ntawm Github chaw cia khoom, Koj yuav pom cov ntaub ntawv npe "sketch_sep03a.ino". Nov yog txoj cai rau txoj haujlwm. Qhib cov ntawv ntawd thiab luam cov cai sau rau hauv.

3) Qhib Arduino IDE thiab xaiv lub rooj tsavxwm raug thiab COM chaw nres nkoj.

4) Muab tshuaj txhuam cov cai hauv koj Arduino IDE thiab xa nws mus rau Arduino UNO board.

Thiab hauv txoj kev no, ib feem coding rau txoj haujlwm no tseem ua tiav.

Kauj Ruam 5: Sijhawm Ua Si

Sai li sai tau cov cai tau tshaj tawm koj tuaj yeem qhib Serial monitor kom pom qhov kev nyeem ntawv nyob deb ntawm Ultrasonic Sensor module qhov kev nyeem txuas ntxiv ntawm kev hloov kho tom qab lub sijhawm tas. Koj tuaj yeem tso qee qhov kev khuam siab rau pem hauv ntej ntawm Ultrasonic module thiab saib qhov kev hloov pauv hauv kev nyeem pom hauv qhov ntawd. Sib nrug los ntawm kev nyeem pom hauv Serial monitor, LEDs thiab buzzer txuas nrog lub buzzer tseem yuav qhia qhov teeb meem hauv ntau qhov sib txawv raws li hauv qab no:

1) Yog hais tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov teeb meem ze tshaj tshaj 50 cm. Txhua lub LEDs yuav nyob hauv lub xeev OFF thiab lub suab nrov yuav tsis nrov nrov.

2) Yog hais tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov teeb meem ze tshaj yog tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 50 cm tab sis ntau dua 25 cm. Tom qab ntawd thawj LED yuav ci thiab lub suab nrov yuav tsim lub suab nrov nrov nrog ncua ntawm 250 ms.

3) Yog hais tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov teeb meem ze tshaj yog tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 25 cm tab sis ntau dua 10 cm. Tom qab ntawd thawj thiab Thib Ob LED yuav ci thiab lub suab nrov yuav tsim lub suab nrov nrov nrog ncua ntawm 50 ms.

4) Thiab yog tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov teeb meem ze tshaj yog tsawg dua 10 cm. Tom qab ntawd tag nrho peb lub LEDs yuav ci thiab lub suab nrov yuav ua suab tsis tu ncua.

Ua li no, txoj haujlwm no yuav nkag siab qhov deb thiab qhia qhov sib txawv raws qhov nrug deb.

Vam tias koj nyiam qhov kev qhia.