Ethernet RJ45 Cable Tester: 5 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:27

Nyob zoo sawv daws

Nov yog kuv thawj qhov kev qhia, yog li zam txim rau kuv qhov kev piav qhia tsawg dua (thiab qee cov duab ploj lawm)-

Lub tswv yim (zoo, qhov xav tau, qhov tseeb) yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov ntev (40m lossis ntau dua) ethernet cable los ntawm kuv lub tiaj mus rau hauv qab daus; txoj kev hla nws tus kheej yog qhov nyuaj, nrog ntau txoj kab nqaim, yog li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua kom lub cable puas siab. Pom tseeb kuv tsis muaj tus kws tshaj lij ethernet tester muaj!

Kuv tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm xklathos 'DIY-UltraCheap-RJ-45-UTP-Cable-Tester qhov haujlwm, tab sis nws muaj qhov txwv loj, hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej: nws tsis siv tau thaum ob qhov kawg ntawm cov kab hauv qab qhov kev xeem nyob deb, xws li nrog txoj kab uas twb muaj lawm.

Tsis tas li ntawd, Kuv xav tau qee yam uas muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas cov kab hluav taws xob luv, ua yuam kev hauv cov xov hlau ntawm cov khoom sib txuas, thiab, ntxiv rau, tsim nyog rau ob qho tib si ncaj qha thiab hla hla cov kab hluav taws xob.

Muaj ntau txoj haujlwm "ntse" nyob rau ntawd, txhua qhov kev cia siab rau kev sib txuas ua ke thiab cov coj, kom ua qhov kev sib tw ntawm txhua lub channel, tab sis kuv tsis muaj hwv zoo li no.

Cov ntsiab lus, cov yam ntxwv xav tau yog:

• muaj peev xwm ntsuas cov kab hluav taws xob "hauv qhov chaw"

• nrhiav tau ntawm

  • qhib raws,
  • luv Circuit Court,
  • thaiv tsis raug
• muaj feem xyuam rau Cat 5, 5e, 6 cables, thaiv thiab tsis tiv thaiv
• yam tsawg kawg yuav tsum tau

Txoj haujlwm tau xaus rau hauv "passive-only" ob peb lub davhlau ya nyob twg, txhawm rau siv ua ke nrog lub multimeter muaj peev xwm nyeem tau kev tawm tsam-

Yog li … cia peb mus!

Kauj Ruam 1: Sau Dab Tsi Xav Tau

kho vajtse:

• 3 x poj niam RJ45 shielded txuas ("jacks") (piv txwv li los ntawm qhov tawg/qub router/hloov); koj tseem tuaj yeem siv lub tsho tiv thaiv tsis tau, tab sis tau kawg koj tsis tuaj yeem kuaj STP cov xov hlau rau kev tiv thaiv txuas ntxiv
• 2x daim ntawv me me
• 8x 1kOhm resistors "RA" (lossis tus nqi zoo sib xws, qhov tseem ceeb yog tias lawv sib npaug sib npaug, thiab tsawg kawg 2 xaj ntawm qhov siab tshaj qhov ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kab mob … txhua yam hauv 470-4700 Ohm yuav tsum ua li cas)
• 1x 10kOhm resistor "RB" (lossis tus nqi zoo sib xws, piv rau 8 saum toj no)
• txog 20 cm ntawm ethernet cable
• qee lub raj me me (txoj kab uas hla me me)

cuab yeej:

• tus pluaj
• riam/txiav/txiab
• solder thiab soldering hlau
• multimeter, ntsuas resistances
• rab phom kub kub (xaiv tau, txawm tias yog cov kua nplaum nplaum, kua nplaum yas, ua npuas ncauj, txhua yam kom tsis txhob xaim hluav taws xob..)

Kauj Ruam 2: Npaj Cov Qhov Ntsuas

yog tias koj muaj 3 tus poj niam tshiab jacks ntawm phab ntsa-mounted hom, rau txhua tus jacks:

• npaj ib daim 6 cm ntawm cov kab ntawv ethernet, tshem tawm cov rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud
• cais txhua tus xaim
• ntxig cov xov hlau ib leeg rau hauv qhov qhib ntawm lub jack, nias lawv nrog lub cuab yeej lossis nws npog
• siv lwm txoj hlua los txuas daim ntaub thaiv
• tshem tawm ib tus neeg tawm ntawm lwm qhov kawg ntawm cov xov hlau

yog tias koj muaj lub qub router/hloov/NIC:

• txiav PCB nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tsho, kom txog thaum koj muaj 3 qhov txuas sib txuas, twb tau muag hauv lawv daim PCB me me

• rau txhua tus jacks:

  • nrog ib daim ntawv lossis ntawv xuab zeb, ua ib qho ntug ntawm PCB
  • npaj ib daim 4 cm ntawm cov ethernet cable,
  • tshem tawm rwb thaiv tsev sab nrauv
  • cais txhua tus xaim
  • tshem tawm cov rwb thaiv tsev ib leeg
  • solder txhua ntawm lawv ntawm qhov xaus ntawm qhov ua ntej
  • siv lwm daim hlau liab qab los txuas daim ntaub thaiv

Kauj Ruam 3: Cov Chaw Taws Teeb

Chav tsev no yuav tsis dhau, tsuas muaj ib tus poj niam RJ45 txuas rau nws, thiab txhua tus tiv thaiv:

• txiav ib daim ntawm daim ntawv me me loj dua lub jack (cia peb hais 10 qhov), thiab ob zaug ntev dua (cia hais 15 qhov)
• coj ib qho ntawm cov khoom npaj tau npaj tseg
• ntxig cov xov hlau los ntawm lub jack rau hauv kab txaij ntawm 8+1 qhov, thiab muab lawv txuas rau (yog tias koj siv cov khoom sib txuas khaws cia, ntxig cov xov hlau liab qab kom ntau li ntau tau, txhawm rau zam kev luv luv ntawm lawv)
• txiav qhov ntev tshaj ntawm cov xov hlau
• siv cov kua nplaum kub los kho lub tsho thiab lub rooj noj mov rau ib leeg, yog li zam kev luv luv
• ntxig thiab solder cov resistors raws li cov txheej txheem

Kauj Ruam 4: Hauv Cheeb Tsam Terminal

Chav tsev no yuav yog ntsuas ib qho, nrog ob lub RJ45 txuas (rau kev ntsuas ob qho tib si ncaj-hla thiab hla hla cov kab, txwv tsis pub koj tuaj yeem siv tsuas yog txuas ncaj ncaj):

• txiav ib daim ntawm daim ntawv me me loj dua ob lub dav dav (cia peb hais 13-14 qhov), thiab 14-15 qhov ntev
• coj ob qho twb tau npaj lawm
• ntxig cov xov hlau los ntawm lub jacks rau hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm 4x2 qhov (ntxiv rau 1 rau daim thaiv), thiab muab lawv tso rau hauv (yog tias koj siv cov khoom sib txuas khaws cia, ntxig cov xov hlau liab qab kom ntau li ntau tau, txhawm rau zam kev luv luv ntawm lawv)
• txiav qhov ntev tshaj ntawm cov xov hlau
• siv cov kua nplaum kub los kho lub tsho thiab daim txiag rau ib leeg, yog li zam kev luv luv
• siv cov ntawv luv luv ntawm cov xov hlau uas tseem tshuav los ua cov ntsiab lus sib txuas ntawm cov txuas txuas, raws li cov txheej txheem saum toj no (xyuam xim ntawm kev sib pauv ntawm khub 1-2 thiab 3-6 !!); yog tias xav tau, siv cov raj nqaim los pab nrog rwb thaiv tsev
• nrog lub multimeter, txheeb xyuas qhov tsis muaj luv-circuits
• dua, siv cov kua nplaum kub los kho txhua qhov thaiv kom tsis txhob puas/luv luv thiab lwm yam.
• xaiv tau, siv qee cov pas nrig ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntsuas, txhawm rau pab siv

Kauj Ruam 5: Siv Ethernet Tester

Ok.. txhua yam yog npaj txhij

Tam sim no peb xav tau kev npaj ethernet cable (vam tias yuav ua haujlwm !!!) raws li chav ntsuas.. cia pib nrog txoj kab ncaj.

• ntsaws qhov txuas ntawm "chaw taws teeb-kawg" ntawm kab rau hauv "lub davhlau ya nyob twg deb"
• ntsaws qhov "hauv zos-kawg" txuas rau hauv "lub davhlau ya nyob twg hauv zos" ("ncaj" qhov chaw txais khoom)
• teeb lub multimeter hauv "Ohm" hom, nrog rau qhov tsim nyog (ntau dua 8xRA, lossis RB)
• txuas qhov "dub" multimeter sojntsuam mus rau Test Point 1 ("TP1" hauv qhov txheej txheem), siv raws li kev siv

• txuas cov kev sojntsuam liab ib kauj ruam mus rau TestPoints TPn:

  • yog tias lub xov tooj txuas tau zoo, lub ntsuas qhov ntsuas yuav pom tus nqi ze rau RA*n rau txhua lub ntsiab lus (piv txwv li, nrog 1kOhm resistors, koj yuav tsum pom 2 kOhm ntawm TP2, 3 kOhm ntawm TP3, thiab ntxiv rau)
  • yog tias koj pom (yuav luag) 0 Ohm, muaj qhov luv luv ntawm cov hlau "1" thiab cov hlau nyob hauv kev sim
  • yog tias ntau dua ib tus TP qhia pom tus nqi tiv thaiv zoo ib yam, qhov no txhais tau tias muaj qhov luv luv ntawm qhov chaw ntawm txoj kab
  • yog tias koj pom qhov tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv ntawm TP "n", qhov no txhais tau tias xaim "n" cuam tshuam rau qee qhov
  • yog tias koj pom qhov tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv ntawm txhua txoj hauv kev, qhov no txhais tau tias xaim "1" cuam tshuam qhov chaw
  • yog tias cov qauv saum toj no tsis sib haum nrog cov kab lus raug, qhov no txhais tau tias muaj qee qhov thaiv tsis raug

• txuas qhov kev sojntsuam liab rau TestPoints TPsh:

  • nws daim thaiv yog qhov zoo, koj yuav tsum pom tus nqi RA+RB (11 kOhm, piv txwv)
  • yog tias koj pom inifinite resistancet, daim thaiv thaiv tau cuam tshuam qhov chaw (tsis zoo li) lossis tsis nyob tam sim no hauv kab (qhov tshwm sim)
  • yog tias koj pom kev tiv thaiv qis dua RA+RB, nws tau luv-ncig nrog lwm cov channel

Yog tias koj muaj kab hla hla, tsuas yog siv "hla hla" lub qhov rooj, thiab cov txheej txheem yog tib yam

LUS CEEB TOOM 1: hauv cov duab koj yuav pom qhov txawv sib txawv ntawm cov zaub multimeter, vim tias kuv tsis muaj 1kOhm resistors muaj rau cov qauv

NCO TSEG 2: Yuav Ua Li Cas: nrhiav lub thawv me me rau ob lub dav hlau, kom muab lawv lub ntsej muag zoo dua

NCO TSEG 3: los ntawm txoj kev, lub tiaj -2-hauv qab daus cabling, kuaj nrog tus ntsuas no, yog lawm !!

NCO TSEG 4: txhua qhov kev tshaj tawm tom qab ua tiav nrog Dawb/Libre Software:

• kho duab: GIMP 2.8 (GNU General Public Licence v.3)
• cov duab kos duab: QUCS 0.0.18 (GNU General Public License 2.0)
• tshaj tawm: Firefox 57.0.3 (Mozilla Public License 2.0)