Ghetto Kev Txhim Kho Ib puag ncig: 5 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:30

Ib pliag rov qab, kuv tshaj tawm sai thiab qias neeg "el cheapo" txoj hauv kev pib ua haujlwm ntawm Atmel AVR series chips: Ghetto Programmer (version 1.0) Txij thaum ntawd los, kuv tau vamped, rov vamped, thiab lwm yam txhim kho kuv teeb tsa. Xav tias nws yuav yog qhov zoo los sau nws. Lub hom phiaj yog kom tau txais kev yoog raws, compact, nqa tau, siv-nyob txhua qhov chaw, AVR-based microcontroller prototyping environment. Ntawm qhov pheej yig (ish). Yog li tsis muaj ado ntxiv, ntawm no yog Ghetto Development Environment (GDE) (version 1.2).

Kauj ruam 1: Cov Khoom

Cov khoom siv yooj yim muaj cov khoom hauv qab no: USB programmer. Vim tias koj xav kom tuaj yeem ua haujlwm microcontrollers los ntawm koj lub laptop nyob txhua qhov chaw. Thiab vim tias USB yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm +5v. Programming cradles. Ib qho rau txhua hom nti uas koj ua si nrog. Rau kuv, qhov ntawd txhais tau tias ib tus nrog 8 tus pin (ATtiny13, 15), ib tus nrog 20 tus pin (ATtiny 2313), thiab ib tus nrog 28 tus pin (ATmega8). Blinkenlights. Thaum qee yam tsis raug nrog koj cov cai, tsis muaj dab tsi tshem nws zoo li lo teeb rau hauv kev kuaj mob. Ntxiv rau, qhov kev pab cuam blinker LED yog "Nyob Zoo Ntiaj Teb" ntawm microcontrollers. Breadboard. Nws yog cov khoom siv txhim kho, tom qab tag nrho.

Kauj ruam 2: USB Programmer

Hauv Ghetto Programmer (v.1.0) Kuv tau siv qhov programmer chaw nres nkoj ua ke. Nws zoo heev vim nws yooj yim thiab pheej yig thiab nrawm. Tab sis kuv lub laptop tsis muaj qhov chaw nres nkoj sib luag. Kuv ua si ib puag ncig nrog tsim cov chaw nres nkoj ua haujlwm rau me ntsis, tab sis ua siab ncaj lawv tsuas yog nyuab npaum li USB version thiab txawm tias cov chaw nres nkoj tsis txaus. Qhov tseeb, kuv lub laptop tsuas yog tau txais USB. Yog li USB nws yog. Saib ib puag ncig, USBTiny programmer yog yooj yim zoo nkauj thiab ua haujlwm nrog GNU/AVR-GCC cov cuab yeej pub dawb. Ua nws koj tus kheej lossis yuav cov khoom siv? Txoj hauv kev DIY yog qhov zoo yog tias koj tuaj yeem tsim kho qhov ATTiny2313 (nrog cov programmer sib xws) thiab muaj 12MHz siv lead ua zaum ib puag ncig. USBTiny Page tso tawm cov hauv paus. Nws ua kom tiav cov phiaj xwm cable nrog qhov chaw nres nkoj sib luag, tab sis kuv yuav ua tiav nws hauv tus qauv 6-tus pin header yog tias kuv tau pib tshiab. (Vim li cas? PD3 - MISOPD5 - ResetPD6 - SCKPD7 - MOSII Yog tias koj ua koj tus kheej, thov kawm los ntawm kuv qhov kev paub thiab muab tso rau hauv lub thawv yas zoo. Yog tias koj tsis ua, nws yuav swb thaum kawg thaum 12MHz siv lead ua tawg. Uas yog vim li cas kuv tam sim no siv… Txoj kev nrawm thiab zoo nkauj yog Ladyada USBtinyISP cov khoom siv. Nws yuav teeb koj rov qab $ 22, tab sis koj tau txais PCB zoo, npaj ua ntej ATTiny2313, thiab lub thawv huv nrog cov xov zoo. Cov khoom nyoos zoo li $ 15-16 ib qho ntxiv, thiab koj tsis tas yuav hu Digikey thiab tom qab ntawd txhawj xeeb txog kev teeb tsa koj tus kheej 2313. Siv sijhawm 30 feeb - 1 teev los txhuam nws tag nrho ua ke. Splurge. Ntseeg kuv. (Tsis muaj kev koom nrog, txaus siab rau cov neeg siv khoom) Thiab tsuas yog pom qhov txuas no: Ladyada's AVR Tutorial uas zoo li zoo rau kuv. (Thiab nco ntsoov tias Ladyada tus qauv tsim thiab thawj USBTiny siv cov lej cim khoom USB sib txawv-koj yuav tsum nrhiav tus lej ID thiab rov sau dua avrGCC yog tias koj hloov ntawm ob..)

Yog tias koj nyob ntawm Ubuntu Linux system thiab siv USBTiny programmer, ntawm no yog cov lus txib uas yuav tau txais tag nrho cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab ua haujlwm: sudo apt-get install build-essential avr-libc binutils-avr gcc-avr avrdude (kuaj ntawm Hardy Heron) Yog tias koj muaj AMD64 koov, koj kuj tseem yuav xav tau: byacc libusb-dev flex bison libc6-devand tom qab ntawv los sau AVRdude los ntawm txhais tes: (wget https://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/avrdude/ avrdude-5.5.tar.gz tar xvzf avrdude-5.5.tar.gz cd avrdude-5.5 ## Patch xav tau rau AMD64: wget https://savannah.nongnu.org/patch/download.php?file_id=14754 thaj -p1 <avrdude -5.5.usbtiny.64bit.patch./configure make && install install sudo avrdude -p attiny2313 -c usbtiny ## los sim) Yog tias koj pom qee yam xws li "avrdude: AVR ntaus ntawv pib thiab npaj yuav txais cov lus qhia" ces koj ' ua tiav. Auj yog, thiab credit rau Wendel Oskay rau daim duab ntawm tus qauv programmer pinouts.

Kauj Ruam 3: Txoj Haujlwm Cradle

Hauv Ghetto Programmer v.1.0 Kuv tau siv lub khoos phis tawj me me uas tsis siv tus pin tus lej nkag thiab nrog poj niam tus pin-headers los lo khoom rau. Cov pins tsis yog tus qauv yog lub tswv yim tsis zoo vim tias koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem siv koj tus menyuam txaj nrog lwm tus programmer, thiab rov ua dua. Poj niam tus pin-headers tau lom zem vim tias koj tuaj yeem ntsaws ncaj LEDs rau hauv lawv, tab sis thaum kuv yuav pib ua qee yam nyuaj dua, Kuv yuav xaus txuas nws mus rau hauv lub khob cij. Nrog tus menyuam txaj tshiab, kuv txiav tawm tus neeg nruab nrab. Tsawg tes-thaiv = zoo dua tab sis qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm qhov tsim tus menyuam txaj yog tias koj tuaj yeem ntsaws hauv tus menyuam yuav luag txhua qhov chaw koj tuaj yeem ntsaws rau hauv AVR nti. Qhov no hloov mus ua qhov loj. Hloov chaw ntawm kev tsim ISP cov kab hluav taws xob rau hauv koj lub neeg hlau lossis ib yam dab tsi, koj tsuas yog lo qhov khoom me me rau hauv IC qhov (socket). Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm/rov tsim kho koj lub neeg hlau lub hlwb hauv Circuit. Thaum koj ua tiav kev txhim kho, ntsaws AVR ncaj qha thiab koj mus rau qhov tom ntej. Kev ua cov nyom yog yooj yim txaus-txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog txuas tus pin los ntawm 6-pin header mus rau qhov chaw raug. cov chips. Lub sijhawm no puag ncig, Kuv tau siv cov PCBs ntxig. Koj tuaj yeem ua tau zoo li tes-xaim txhua yam ntawm perfboard. The ATTiny13/15 tus menyuam txaj tau ua nrog 8-tus pin xaim-qhwv lub qhov (socket). Kuv nyiam cov no. Nws yog qhov yooj yim los ntxig lub nti rau hauv nws lub qhov puag ncig zoo thiab cov ceg ntev muab kev tshem tawm ntxiv ntawm lub khob cij. Kuv tau ua cov cim PCB los ntawm tes dawb nrog Sharpie. Tus menyuam ATTiny2313 tau tsim nrog Eagle thiab lub tshuab luam ntawv laser toner hloov txoj hauv kev. Kuv tsis tuaj yeem pom 20-tus pin xaim-qhwv qhov nyob, yog li kuv yuav tsum tau siv 20-tus pin li lub qhov ntsawb txuas mus rau 2 10-pin tus pin headers. Qhov no xaus nrog tus menyuam txaj nrog ob txhais ceg luv dua, tab sis nws ua haujlwm. Schematic thiab PDF kuv siv rau hauv Circuit yog hauv qab no. Ntawm ob qho tib si, Kuv yuav tsum xuas tes xaim kab ntxiv. Xws li lub neej.

Kauj ruam 4: Blinkenlights

Yooj yim nws tus kheej. Kuv yuav tsis hais txog cov no hlo li yog tias lawv tsis siv tau.

Solder tus tiv thaiv (150-220 ohms yog tus nqi zoo.) Ncaj qha mus rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm qee qhov LEDs. Nws yuav taws los ntawm ib puag ncig 2v-6v yam tsis hlawv tawm. Thiab tus tiv thaiv pab koj kom nco ntsoov tias sab twg yog qhov tsis zoo. Muab lawv tso rau qhov twg los koj xav paub tias muaj hluav taws xob. Tshawb xyuas yog tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau tshuab. Tig lub roj teeb nicad rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj uas muaj sia nyob ntev. Siv lub ntsej muag ntsais kab ntawv txhawm rau nyeem qhov tseem ceeb tawm ntawm koj lub microprocessor (maj mam). Los yog ua 8 ntawm lawv thiab koj tau txais ib-byte zaub (ntxiv rau cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv Cylon qhov muag.) Ua rau lawv. Ua ntau. Ua rau lawv tam sim no.

Kauj ruam 5: Qhov Kawg

Yog li no "system" ua tau raws li yuav luag txhua qhov kuv xav tau kev txhim kho. Nws yog modular, scalable, compact, thiab portable.

Piv txwv li, Kuv tau ua haujlwm ib txwm ua kom khiav cov lus ntawm tus lej 4 tus lej (nplooj ntawv qhia paub) ntawm lub dav hlau ntawm txoj kev mus rau phooj ywg lub tshoob. Ua kom muaj dej khov zoo nrog cov neeg caij dav hlau. Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob no -> ADC -> PWM -tsav ammeter teeb tau ua daim phiaj, cim, thiab debugged tag nrho ntawm kuv lub rooj zaum thiab rooj noj mov, thiab ntxuav zoo li 2 min thaum cov phooj ywg tuaj. (Nws yog lub tswb-sijhawm-teeb tsa ib feem ntawm dab tsi yuav yog lub moos ntsuas.) Ntxiv ib lub hnab me me ntawm cov khoom zoo (qee lub capacitors thiab resistors, sib txuas hlau, transistors, hais lus piezo, photodiodes, microphones, lub cav me me, thiab lwm yam) thiab koj yuav nyob deb ua ntej ntawm MacGuyver nws tsis lom zem.