LED Teeb Teeb Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (Feem Ntau Rov Los): 4 Cov Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:27

Txoj haujlwm no tau tshoov siab los ntawm kuv qhov kev xav tau yooj yim kom zam dhau qhov raug mob thaum lub zog hluav taws xob tawm mus thiab kuv tab tom ua cov khoom hauv kuv lub qab daus dub, lossis hauv lwm qhov chaw tsaus ntuj.

Tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas txuas ntxiv thiab muaj tswv yim ntawm lwm cov kev daws teeb meem xws li:

- tshem tawm lossis tshem tawm txhua lub kaum ntse ntse hauv tag nrho lub tsev, - ua miv, - siv cov nyiaj tsis tsim nyog los teeb tsa kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo, Kuv los txog qhov xaus tias, nrog ob peb yam khoom siv hluav taws xob tau rov qab thiab ob peb tus qauv tsis kim, kuv tuaj yeem ua kuv li teeb liab thaum muaj xwm ceev.

Tom qab ob peb qhov kev tsim kho kuv kuj tau los xaus tias kuv tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog siv nyiaj me me xwb, tab sis kuj tias kuv tuaj yeem siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau uas yuav tsis tau pov tseg. Nrog tsuas yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm (pheej yig) TP4056 tus qauv txhua yam tuaj yeem siv tau los ntawm lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob tawg, yog li koj tuaj yeem nqis peev qee qee lub sijhawm thiab tsim koj tus phooj ywg zoo "Feem ntau tau rov ua dua DIY LED Teeb Tsom Teeb".

Kauj Ruam 1: Cov Khoom thiab Cov Cuab Yeej

Txog qhov haujlwm no koj xav tau cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim thiab ob peb lwm yam yooj yim DIY-cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob, Kuv tau sau kuv cov cuab yeej ib txwm nyob ntawm nplooj ntawv no. Kuv tau tsim cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb rau lub teeb no, nrog lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb ntawm kev yooj yim nws cov xov hlau. Nws tsis tas yuav siv tab sis nws tau pom zoo, yog li koj yuav tsum muaj lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D zoo dua. Kuv muaj (hloov pauv) CR-10 tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv zoo nkauj npaum li ib lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D thiab xijpeem cov ntsiab lus txij li nws yooj yim luam tawm.

Txhawm rau tsim lub teeb no peb xav tau ob peb lwm yam khoom siv, uas tuaj yeem khaws tau los ntawm lwm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis yuav khoom. Thawj qhov ua ntej: peb xav tau lub zog cia kom siv thaum tsaus ntuj, peb yuav siv 18650 li-ion cell thiab, tau kawg, nws lub charger/maub los TP4056. Txhawm rau tswj lub teeb tus cwj pwm peb xav tau peb txoj kev toggle switch (on-off-on) thiab ib zaug xwb p-channel mosfet. Zoo, txij li nws yog "LED" teeb peb pom tseeb xav tau LED thiab nws tam sim no-txwv resistor. Ntxiv ob peb lub xov hlau txuas, uas yog txhua yam.

Tos, kawg tab sis tsis tsawg kawg: peb xav tau lub phab ntsa txuas hluav taws xob txhawm rau khaws peb lub teeb ib txwm nyob ntawm qhov kev npaj, txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsis yog lub teeb "xwm txheej". Kuv khaws ntau ntawm kuv lub qub - qhov qub - lub xov tooj ntawm tes phab ntsa hloov pauv hauv ib lub thawv. Ntau zaus kuv tau nug kuv tus kheej tias kuv tuaj yeem siv lawv li cas. Tsawg tsawg volt lossis tsawg dua ampere rau feem ntau daim ntawv thov, tab sis lawv zoo meej rau txoj haujlwm no, tam sim ntawd lawv tsis yog cov thoob khib nyiab ntxiv lawm!

Yog tias koj tsis xav siv kuv rooj plaub 3D koj tuaj yeem siv lub rooj sib tham ua qauv yooj yim thiab txhua yam uas koj nyiam raws li lub thawv. Kuv rooj plaub yog qhov zoo vim tias nws pab cov thaiv, vim nws yog PCB tiag. Nws txhais tau tias yog (3D) Luam Circuit Board. ^_^

Kauj Ruam 2: Tsim Kev Piav Qhia

Yog tias koj tsuas yog xav tsim lub teeb hla hla cov kauj ruam no, tab sis kuv qhia kom nyeem nws txij ntawm no koj tuaj yeem nkag siab tias qhov no ua haujlwm li cas thiab nws muaj kev txwv li cas.

Vim li cas kuv thiaj xaiv cov khoom no?

18650 li-ion cell: nws yog lub xov tooj ntawm tes uas tuaj yeem yuav lossis rov qab tau los ntawm lub roj teeb lub laptop uas tsis tuaj yeem siv tau. Txhawm rau rov ua cov cell no koj yuav tsum nkag siab yuav txheeb xyuas lawv li cas thiab vim li cas koj thiaj li tsis txhob khaws cov cell phem nyob ze koj. Muaj ntau cov kev qhia hauv internet qus. Yog tias koj tsis xav nqis peev sijhawm nyob rau hauv txoj cai rov tau txais txoj cai tsuas yog yuav nws, muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo dua li thov txim.

TP4056 module: qhov no yog ib qho qauv uas tuaj yeem tswj tau ib leeg 3.6-3.7V li-ion lossis li-poly cell. Nws tuaj yeem tswj nws cov nqi thiab tawm. Nws feem ntau ua ke nrog lwm lub nti, DW01, uas saib xyuas lwm yam teeb meem xws li luv Circuit Court, overvoltage, undervoltage cell kev tiv thaiv thiab lwm yam khoom. Cov qauv no tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua lossis hloov los ntawm lwm yam, koj yuav tsum yuav nws.

P-channel mosfet: Nws yog tus tshwj xeeb transistor, aka hloov hluav taws xob. Qhov no tuaj yeem pom ua lub ntsiab lus "dag" ntawm txoj haujlwm no, vim tias tsuas yog ib feem tuaj yeem ntxiv qhov xav tau "logic" hauv lub teeb tus cwj pwm. Nws tuaj yeem "nkag siab" qhov kev tsaus ntuj thiab ua raws. Cov mosfet no tuaj yeem yuav tau (nws pheej yig tiag tiag, tom qab tag nrho) lossis tuaj yeem rov qab tau los ntawm kev pov tseg hluav taws xob, nrog ua siab ntev me ntsis. Txhawm rau rov ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob koj yuav xav tau qee yam zoo li Kuv Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob! Kuv tau siv IRF4905 transistor hauv TO-220 rooj plaub. Tsis yog qhov kev xaiv pom tab sis nws ua haujlwm zoo.

Peb txoj kev hloov (on/off/on): Nws yog qhov yooj yim toggle hloov uas teeb lub teeb nyob hauv nws peb qhov kev teeb tsa sib txawv uas yog:

1. ib txwm tawm,
2. thaum lub sijhawm tsaus ntuj,
3. ib txwm nyob.

Nws tuaj yeem rov qab tau tab sis koj yuav tsum muaj hmoo, kuv tau pom ntau qhov kev hloov pauv zoo sib xws tab sis lawv yuav yog ob txoj kev hloov pauv (feem ntau 99% ntawm lawv).

Lub hwj chim: qhov twg los xij uas muaj peev xwm muab tau yam tsawg kawg 4.5V thiab 100 mA yog qhov zoo. Qhov no yuav tsum tau rov qab tiag tiag!

LED: thaum cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem rov ua tau yooj yim yuav luag txhua qhov chaw, nws nyuaj rau nrhiav pom "ci txaus" coj. LED yuav tsum muab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm lub teeb nyob rau hauv tag nrho chav tab sis feem ntau khaws cia leds tsis muaj dab tsi ntau dua li qhov taw qhia teeb, nrog lub teeb pom kev tsis pom kev zoo thoob plaws hauv ib chav. Kuv tau siv kev mob siab rau 3W leds rau qhov laj thawj no. Dab tsi yog qhov siab tshaj plaws coj lub zog? 5W, tab sis nws tuaj yeem siv tau zoo tsuas yog siv sijhawm luv, nws yuav tsis muaj zog sai sai. Thiab nws yog qhov tseeb tsis tau qhia tawm vim qhov teeb meem kev tso cua sov. BTW, 5W yuav ua kom sov. Yog tias koj tsis xav kom yaj cov ntaub ntawv koj muaj

DC txuas: qhov no yog nyob ntawm yeem, tab sis pom zoo. Thaum lub sijhawm tsaus ntuj kuv tseem xav tau/xav tawm hauv qab daus, rov kho lub zog lossis ib yam twg, thiab kuv xav pom tias kuv tab tom ua dab tsi, yog li kuv muaj/xav nqa kuv lub teeb xwm txheej ceev nrog kuv. Kuv tsis nyiam ntsaws thiab nqa lub hwj chim hloov mus, yog li kuv tau ntxiv lub DC txuas me me los tsim kom muaj qhov nqa tau zoo, sawv ib leeg, teeb thaum muaj xwm ceev. Ntawm qhov tod tes koj tsuas tuaj yeem siv USB chaw nres nkoj kom them lub teeb, kuv tsuas yog txiav txim siab tsis tseg lub microUSB them rau lub teeb no.

Hlau nplaum: tseem xaiv tau, tab sis tej zaum yuav pab tau kom pom qee yam tshwj xeeb thaum tsaus ntuj, tso lub teeb rau ntawm cov khoom siv hlau. Muaj ob qhov kev mob siab rau hauv rooj plaub rau 10x1mm puag ncig cov hlau nplaum, tsuas yog siv cov kua nplaum los kho lawv.

Tam sim no txwv tus tiv thaiv: yuav tsum rau txhua tus coj, tshwj tsis yog tias koj xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog (zoo li kuv tau ua). Leds yuav tsum tau tsav kev tswj cov dej ntws tam sim no thiab tsis siv qhov hluav taws xob. Txhua tus coj muaj qhov ntsuas siab tshaj tam sim no (Id) thiab nws cov xim txhais tau tias nws tau ntsuas qhov sib txuas hluav taws xob (Vf).

Qee cov neeg tsim khoom tuaj yeem hais qee yam sib txawv hauv lawv cov ntawv, hauv qhov no ua raws cov ntawv teev tseg, tab sis cov no yog ib txwm Vf rau cov xim sib txawv [V]:

• IR - infrared 1.3
• rov: 1,8
• daj1.9
• ntsuab 2.0
• txiv kab ntxwv 2.0
• wb 3.0
• xiav 3.5
• UV - ultraviolet 4 - 4.5

Txhawm rau suav txoj cai tam sim no txwv tus nqi tiv thaiv (R) koj yuav tsum paub koj lub zog hluav taws xob qhov siab tshaj plaws (Va) thiab siv cov qauv no:

R = (Va - Vf) / Id

TP4056 qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm yog nruab nrab ntawm 4.2 thiab 2.5V, yog li peb yuav tsum siv 4.2V ua Va. Siv cov khoom kuv tau txuas yav tas los peb muaj 3W coj nrog Vf ntawm 3.5V, yog li peb muaj tus lej ntawm 0.85A. Hauv qhov no tus lej yog:

R = (4.2V - 3.5V) / 0.85A = 0.82 Ohm

Kuv yuav tsum ntxiv 1Ohm resistor vim tias kuv tab tom sim qhia qee yam, qhov tseeb nws tsis tas li, cov xov hlau kuj tseem pab tau. Ntxiv mus, ntawm 0.85A lub roj teeb hluav taws xob sag yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam, yog li peb tiag tiag yuav tsum siv -let's say- 3.8-4V li Va. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov txwv tsis pub muaj kev tiv thaiv tseem tsawg dua.

Lwm qhov piv txwv, nrog tib hom coj tab sis 1W ntsuas, cov lej yog:

Id = 1W / 3.5V = 0.285A

R = (4.2V - 3.5V) / 0.285A = 2.8Ohm

Zoo, qhov no yog qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb tau xaiv cov khoom nrog cov lus ntsuas. Ib qho kev coj ua feem ntau tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txiav txim siab li 3V, 10mA. Pom tseeb tias tsis yog 100% qhov tseeb, tab sis tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua …

R = (4.2V - 3V) / 0.01A = 120Ohm

Luckily 120 Ohm yog tus qauv tiv thaiv tus nqi, yog tias nws tsis yog kuv yuav tau siv tus qauv loj tshaj nyob ze.

Tus tiv thaiv kuj tseem nthuav tawm lub zog hauv cov cua sov, thiab tseem nws cov ntsuas wattage yuav tsum tsim kom raug. Tsis txhob txhawj xeeb nws yooj yim npaum li kev txiav txim siab Ohm.

W = (Va - Vf) * Id

Txij li 0.01A (10mA) tuaj yeem ntws los ntawm 120 Ohm resistor, nws tuaj yeem ua kom sov 0.012W.

W = (4.2V - 3V) * 0.01A = 0.012W

Ib qho ¼W tus tiv thaiv yuav ntau dua li txaus.

Rub tus neeg tawm tsam: tus tiv thaiv no tsuas yog yuav tsum khaws mosfet hauv nws lub xeev xav, tshem tawm ib qho dhau los lossis lub suab nrov uas tuaj yeem sau los ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob thiab ua yuam kev ua rau mosfet. Ib qho resistor hauv 1K-10K Ohm ntau yog qhov zoo.

Nws ua haujlwm li cas?

Kuv tau siv sijhawm ob peb teev los txiav txim siab qhov tsim qauv zoo tshaj plaws. Kuv tau sim ua kom zoo dua qhov phiaj xwm tus nqi los ntawm kev txo qis cov khoom xav tau, sim tsis txhob muab cov yam ntxwv. Kuv tuaj yeem siv lub microcontroller, muaj cov qauv yooj yim pheej yig muag nyob txhua qhov chaw. Kuv tuaj yeem siv PCB kev cai, muaj ntau ntau PCB kev tsim khoom & kev pabcuam khoom xa tuaj. Kuv txiav txim siab tsis ua qhov ntawd vim tias nws yuav ua rau nce nqi ntau dua thiab nyuaj. Ntxiv mus, nws yuav yog qhov nyuaj tiag tiag kom rov tau txais lub microcontroller.

TP4056 ua nws cov khoom, saib xyuas lub roj teeb thiab muab lub zog. Nws lub ncoo tso tawm tau txuas nrog lub toggle hloov chaw tus pin, uas tuaj yeem yog hauv peb qhov kev teeb tsa: txuas nrog tus pin sab laug, tsis txuas nrog, txuas nrog tus pin sab xis.

Thaum nws tsis txuas nrog ib yam dab tsi (nruab nrab, tawm txoj haujlwm) tus cwj pwm zoo heev, coj yog OFF txawm hais tias phab ntsa adapter muab lub zog lossis tsis. Tus txheej txheem them nqi tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov hloov pauv, yog tias lub phab ntsa txuas nrog lub roj teeb yuav raug them.

Xav tias txoj cai tus pin txuas nrog LED lub davhlau ya nyob twg zoo. Yog tias koj hloov qhov hloov pauv mus rau qhov chaw nruab nrab thiab cov pins zoo koj yuav hla dhau mosfet. LED yuav ON ntev li TP4056 tuaj yeem muab lub zog.

Qhov kev xaiv tseem nyob yog toggle qhov hloov pauv kom txuas tus pin nruab nrab mus rau mosfet qhov chaw tus pin. Hauv qhov teeb tsa no mosfet tswj hwm. Yog tias nws lub qhov rooj tus pin pom lub phab ntsa adapter qhov hluav taws xob nws yuav tsis tso cai rau tam sim no ntws los ntawm qhov chaw thiab ntws, thiab LED yuav OFF. Thaum qhov kev tsaus ntuj pib, lub charger hluav taws xob yuav poob sai rau xoom. Tam sim no mosfet lub qhov rooj dav hlau yuav pom xoom volt thiab yuav tso cov dej ntws tam sim no, yog li LED yuav ON tsuav yog TP4056 tuaj yeem muab lub zog.

Tsis phem rau tsuas yog mosfet thiab hloov pauv yooj yim. ^_^

Kauj ruam 3: Sib dhos

Daim duab kab hluav taws xob txuas nrog, R1 yog qhov txwv tam sim no resistor, R2 yog rub tawm resistor.

Txhawm rau siv cov ntaub ntawv tsim cov cim koj yuav tsum hloov kho mosfet li kuv tau ua. Yeej koj yuav tsum txiav cov hlau sab saum toj thiab txaj lub hauv paus tus pin kom nws mus rau hauv lub qhov, kom siv cov kab hauv qab. Tsis txhob txhawj xeeb, qhov mosfet no tau ntsuas rau txoj hauv kev ntau lub luag haujlwm ntau dua li tsav lub LED me me, nws yuav tsis raug kev txom nyem vim thaj chaw tsis zoo dua.

Soldering ntawm 18650 xovtooj yog TUS TSWV YIM, nco ntsoov paub tias koj tab tom ua dab tsi. Nws tsis nyuaj tab sis nws txaus ntshai. Yeej koj yuav tsum siv cov hlau txuas ntawm lub zog siab tshaj plaws rau lub sijhawm muaj peev xwm tsawg kawg, tab sis thov siv ob peb feeb kom nkag siab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, muaj ntau ntawm lawv. Muaj kev nyab xeeb zoo dua thov txim.

Ib sab ntawd, cov txheej txheem txuas yog ncaj nraim rau pem hauv ntej, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum ua raws daim duab txuas thiab saib cov duab. Sim tsis txhob yaj cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov hlau txuas, txawm li cas los xij kuv tau luam tawm kuv cov ntaub ntawv hauv PLA, uas tsis cuam tshuam yog tias ua kom sov. Thaum txoj hlua txuas tiav siv ob peb tee ntawm cov kua nplaum kub kom txhua yam nyab xeeb nyob hauv qhov chaw.

Qhov txuas DC yog nyob ntawm yeem, koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv ua hauv USB chaw nres nkoj. Kuv yuav muab lub DC txuas rau vim kuv tsis xav tseg/txiav lub micro usb cable rau lub teeb no. Kuv yuav tsum rov qab them lub xov tooj txawb qub!

Yog tias koj xav siv USB chaw nres nkoj koj tuaj yeem siv txhua tus qauv 5V USB cable.

Qhov tseeb, koj tseem tuaj yeem txiav cov phab ntsa qub txuas hluav taws xob txuas thiab txuas nws GND thiab cov xov hlau zoo mus rau qhov chaw seem micro USB. Tsuas yog txiav USB cable thiab nthuav tawm nws cov xov tooj liab, txuas GND cable rau tus pin 5 thiab txuas cov kab zoo rau tus pin 1 (daim duab txuas). Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov xaim twg yog tus pin 1 thiab 5 koj yuav tsum siv lub multimeter los ntsuas ntsuas txuas ntxiv. Zoo, qhov ua tau tab sis tsis pom zoo. Koj yuav xaus nrog qhov tsis yog tus qauv hluav taws xob USB ntsaws, thiab koj tau siv zog ua ib yam dab tsi uas tuaj yeem yooj yim dua nrog qhov yooj yim DC txuas.

Kauj ruam 4: Siv

Txuas lub charger lossis USB cable rau lub teeb thaum muaj xwm ceev.

Teeb qhov hloov mus rau hom twg uas koj nyiam, hloov nws mus pib yog tias koj xav kom lub teeb coj los ua lub teeb thaum muaj xwm ceev tsim nyog.

Tos qhov dub tom ntej thiab txaus siab yuav ua li cas koj thiaj yooj yim zam lub ces kaum!:)

Saib ntawm daim vis dis aus, nws qhia pom tias lub teeb no coj li cas. Yog tias koj nyiam qhov project, thumbs up thiab subscribe rau ntau ntxiv tuaj.

PS: Qhov no yuav tsum yog lub teeb ceeb toom, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nws ua lub teeb pom kev zoo. Qhov teeb meem yog qhov yooj yim thiab nws yog TP4056 "txhaum". Zaj dab neeg luv luv: yog tias koj siv lub teeb nyob rau hauv txoj kev hla (coj ib txwm nyob) thiab lub roj teeb tau ntsaws, lub roj teeb txheej txheem yuav tsis xaus kom raug. Tej zaum nws yuav tsis xaus hlo li. Yog, nrog lithium cell qhov no yog qhov teeb meem, koj tsis tuaj yeem tso tus nqi rau hauv cell ib si! Qhov teeb tsa no tsis yog qhov txaus ntshai, yog siv ob peb feeb. Lub teeb no yuav tsis ua rau tawg yog tias koj hnov qab qhov teeb meem no thiab koj tsuas yog tshwm sim rau qhov xwm txheej no. Yog tias koj xav tau lub teeb los ntawm lub teeb no, cia peb hais, 10 min koj tseem tuaj yeem siv nws hauv hom no yam tsis muaj kev phom sij. Tsuas yog tsis khaws/hnov qab lub teeb nyob hauv qhov teeb tsa no lossis yam tsis zoo tuaj yeem tshwm sim.