DIY STEP/DIR LASER GALVO CONTROLLER: 5 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Nyob zoo, hauv Cov Lus Qhia no, Kuv xav qhia koj yuav ua li cas koj tuaj yeem tsim koj tus kheej kauj ruam / dir interface rau ILDA tus qauv galvo laser tshuab luam ntawv.

Raws li koj yuav paub kuv kuj yog tus tsim "DIY-SLS-3D-Printer" thiab "JRLS 1000 DIY SLS-3D-PRINTER" thiab thaum kuv tab tom tsim cov tshuab no kuv tau pib tinkering txog cov tshuab luam ntawv no yuav ua li cas, yog tias kuv yuav siv Galvo Scanners tsis siv lub tshuab cartesian txav. Txawm li cas los xij nyob rau hnub no kuv tsis muaj kev paub los teeb tsa tus tswj hwm rau galvo scanner. Yog li kuv tau siv lub khoos phis tawj uas twb muaj lawm nrog kev txav mus los.

Tab sis hnub no thiab tom qab qee qhov kev tshawb fawb kuv pom cov lus qhia uas tus sau siv arduino los tsim DIY Laser Galvo qhia. Kuv xav tias qhov no yog qhov kuv tab tom nrhiav, yog li kuv tau xaj cov khoom ib yam li nws tau qhia thiab ua qee qhov kev sim. Tom qab qee qhov kev tshawb fawb kuv pom, tias Arduino yuav tsis ua qhov zoo li cov kauj ruam / taw qhia kev sib tham, yog li kuv tau kho nws rau STM32 microcontroller.

Thov nco ntsoov tus tswj hwm no tsuas yog tus qauv, tab sis siv tau rau ntau txoj haujlwm. Piv txwv li hauv DIY SLS 3D tshuab luam ntawv lossis laser kos duab.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Galvo maub los yog:

• hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm 5V theem/dir cov cim rau ILDA tus qauv
• 120kHz input zaus ntawm (Cov kauj ruam / Qhia taw qhia)
• 12 ntsis Kev daws teeb meem tso zis (0, 006 ° ib lub kaum)
• kev hloov pauv los ntawm ncov qaumteb mus rau txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm
• sib xws nrog txhua lub suab tswj uas yuav tsim cov kauj ruam thiab taw qhia teeb liab
• center alignment pin (homing niaj hnub)

video ntawm laser galvo maub los: (yuav los sai sai)

Yog tias koj nyiam kuv Cov Lus Qhia, thov pov npav rau kuv hauv Kev Sib Tw Remix

Kauj Ruam 1: Qhov Chaw Koj Xav Tau rau Galvo Tus Tswj

Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob rau cov tswj galvo:

Ntau npaum li cas	Nqe lus piav qhia	Txuas	Nqe
1x ib	ILDA 20Kpps galvo galvanometer teeb	Aliexpress	56, 51€
1x ib	6 hli 650nm Laserdiode	Aliexpress	1, 16€
qee yam	xov hlau	-	-
1x ib	ST-Txuas V2	Aliexpress	1, 92

Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob rau hauv Circuit Court:

Nov yog txhua qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov tswj galvo. Kuv sim nrhiav txhua qhov chaw kom pheej yig li sai tau.

Ntau npaum li cas	Nqe lus piav qhia	Lub npe ntawm Circuit	Txuas	Nqe
1x ib	STM32 "Blue-Pill" microcontroller	"Xiav-Ntsiav tshuaj"	Aliexpress	1, 88€
1x ib	MCP4822 12 ntsis dual channel DAC	YWB 4822	Aliexpress	3, 00€
2x ua	TL082 dual OpAmp	IC1, IC2	Aliexpress	0, 97€
6 x ygo	1 k Resistor	R1-R6	Aliexpress	0, 57€
4x ua	10k trim-potentiometer	R7-R10	Aliexpress	1, 03€
qee yam	tus pin header	-	Aliexpress	0, 46€

Kauj Ruam 2: Theory of the Controller

Ntawm no kuv yuav koj piav qhia, tus tswj hwm ua haujlwm li cas. Kuv tseem yuav qhia qee qhov piv txwv piv txwv kev xam ntawm lub kaum sab xis.

1. MOTION-CONTROLLER

Tus tswj kev txav chaw yog ib feem uas koj yuav tsim cov kauj ruam thiab qhia taw qhia. Cov kauj ruam/kev tswj hwm feem ntau siv hauv kev siv lub tshuab ua haujlwm zoo li 3D-Tshuab Luam Ntawv, Lasers lossis CNC-Mills.

Ntxiv rau cov kauj ruam thiab taw qhia cov lus qhia xav tau lub hauv paus teeb tsa tus pin txhawm rau ua STM32 thiab Motioncontroller pom zoo. Qhov ntawd yog vim tias galvos tau tswj tsis tau thiab tsis muaj qhov xav tau rau qhov txwv kev hloov pauv.

2. STM32-Microcontroller

STM32 microcontroller yog lub plawv ntawm tus tswj hwm no. Lub microcontroller no muaj ntau txoj haujlwm los ua. Cov haujlwm no yog:

Txoj Haujlwm 1: Ntsuas cov cim

Thawj txoj haujlwm yog ntsuas cov cim qhia tawm. Hauv qhov no nws yuav yog cov cim taw qhia thiab taw qhia. Vim tias kuv tsis xav tau tias cov lus tsa suab tswj hwm yuav raug txwv los ntawm kev siv zaus, Kuv tsim lub Circuit Court rau 120kHz (kuaj). Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov kev tawm tswv yim no yam tsis tau poob cov ntaub ntawv, Kuv tab tom siv ob lub khoos phis tawj timer TIM2 thiab TIM3 ntawm STM32 los tswj cov kauj ruam / taw qhia interface. Ntxiv rau cov kauj ruam thiab taw qhia cov cim qhia muaj lub cim teeb tsa. Qhov kev sib dhos no yog tswj los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud ntawm STM32.

Txoj Haujlwm 2: Suav cov cim

Tam sim no tus tswj hwm xav tau los suav cov cim rau tus nqi raug rau DAC. Vim tias galvo yuav tsim cov kab ke tsis muaj kab sib chaws sib koom ua ke, yuav tsum tau suav me me los tsim txoj kev vam khom tawm ntawm cov kauj ruam thiab txav mus laser. Ntawm no kuv yuav qhia koj cov duab kos ntawm kev suav:

Tam sim no peb yuav tsum nrhiav tus lej rau kev suav. Vim tias kuv siv 12 ntsis DAC, Kuv tuaj yeem muab qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm -5 - +5V hauv 0 - 4096 cov kauj ruam. Lub galvo Kuv tau xaj muaj tag nrho lub kaum sab xis scan ntawm 25 ° ntawm -5 - +5V. Yog li kuv lub kaum phi nyob ntawm thaj tsam ntawm -12, 5 ° - +12, 5 °. Thaum kawg kuv yuav tsum xav txog qhov deb d. Kuv tus kheej xav tau luam theej duab ntawm 100x100mm, yog li kuv d yuav yog 50mm. Qhov siab h yuav yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm phi thiab d. h 225,5 hli. Txhawm rau coj qhov deb d cuam tshuam nrog lub kaum phi kuv siv cov mis me, uas yuav siv cov tangents thiab hloov lub kaum sab xis los ntawm radians rau hauv "DAC-values"

Thaum kawg kuv tsuas yog xav tau ntxiv qhov tsis ncaj ncees ntawm 2048, vim tias kuv qhov scanfield yog qhov chaw sib luag thiab txhua qhov kev suav tau ua tiav.

Txoj Haujlwm 3: Xa qhov tseem ceeb rau DAC:

Vim tias STM32 kuv tau siv tsis tau tsim hauv DAC, Kuv tau siv DAC sab nraud. Kev sib txuas lus ntawm DAC thiab STM32 tau pom dua SPI.

3. DAC

Rau lub Circuit Court Kuv siv tib 12 ntsis DAC "MCP4822" li deltaflo. Vim tias DAC tsis muaj qhov sib txawv 0-4, 2V thiab koj xav tau -+5V bipolar rau ILDA tus qauv, koj yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas me me nrog qee qhov OpAmps. Kuv siv TL082 OpAmps. Koj yuav tsum tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob txuas hluav taws xob ob zaug, vim tias koj xav tau los tswj ob lub galvos. Ob lub OpAmps txuas nrog -15 thiab +15V raws li lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

4. GALVO

Qhov kawg yog qhov yooj yim dua. Cov zis hluav taws xob ntawm ob OPAmps yuav txuas nrog ILDA Galvo cov tsav tsheb. Thiab qhov ntawd yog, tam sim no koj yuav tsum tuaj yeem tswj hwm galvos nrog cov kauj ruam thiab taw qhia taw qhia

Kauj ruam 3: Circuit Court

Rau lub Circuit Court kuv tau siv tus qauv PCB.

Koj tuaj yeem txuas cov kauj ruam thiab taw qhia ncaj qha rau STM32, vim tias kuv tau qhib lub zog rub sab hauv. Tsis tas li kuv tau siv 5V tus lej tiv taus rau cov kauj ruam, kev taw qhia thiab cov pins nruab nrab.

Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm Circuit hauv qab no:

Kauj ruam 4: Programming STM32

STM32 tau teeb tsa nrog Attolic TrueStudio thiab CubeMX. TrueStudio yog siv dawb thiab koj tuaj yeem rub nws ntawm no

Vim tias TrueStudio tsis yooj yim xws li piv txwv li Arduino IDE, Kuv tau tsim cov ntawv.hex, uas koj tsuas xav tau xa mus rau STM32 microcontroller.

Hauv qab no kuv yuav piav qhia, yuav ua li cas koj uplaod cov ntaub ntawv rau STM32 "BluePill":

1. Rub tawm "STM32 ST-LINK Utility": Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm Software ntawm no

2. Install thiab qhib "STM32 ST-LINK Utility":

3. Tam sim no qhib Galvo.hex cov ntawv hauv ST-Link Utility:

Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum txuas STM32 "BluePill" mus rau ST-Txuas-V2. Thaum txuas nrog nyem rau ntawm "Txuas rau traget khawm":

Thaum kawg nyem rau "Download". Tam sim no koj STM32 yuav tsum tau flashed kom raug.

Ib qho ntxiv, Kuv tau txuas tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv los rau Galvo_Controller hauv TrueStudio

Kauj Ruam 5: Txuas Txhua Qhov Chaw Khoos Phis Tawj thiab Xeem Nws

Kuv tau muab txhua qhov khoom siv hluav taws xob tso rau ntawm 4mm txhuas phaj kom zoo dua:-)

Tam sim no kuv yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas koj yuav tsum tau kho cov potentiometers ntawm Circuit tej zaum:

Thaum xub thawj qee cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm hais txog ILDA tus qauv. ILDA tus qauv feem ntau yog siv rau Laser qhia, thiab suav nrog 5V thiab -5v teeb liab. Ob lub cim qhia muaj tib lub dav dav, tab sis nrog kev hloov pauv. Yog li peb yuav tsum ua dab tsi yog txiav cov teeb liab los ntawm DAC mus rau 5V thiab -5V.

Kho lub potentiometer:

Dab tsi koj tuaj yeem pom ntawm no yog qhov tso tawm hluav taws xob ntawm qhov Circuit Court no ntawm cov tswv yim kauj ruam zaus ntawm 100kHz thiab nrog lub teeb liab qhia mus tas li. Hauv daim duab no txhua yam zoo. Qhov dav dav ntawm 0 txog 5V thiab los ntawm 0 txog -5. Tsis tas li cov hluav taws xob tau sib haum ua tej zaum.

Tam sim no kuv yuav qhia koj dab tsi tuaj yeem ua tsis raug thaum kho lub potentiometer:

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom tam sim no ob qho hluav taws xob tsis sib haum tej zaum. Kev daws teeb meem yog kho qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob los ntawm OpAmp. Koj ua qhov ntawd los ntawm kev kho lub zog potentiometers "R8" thiab "R10".

Lwm qhov piv txwv:

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom tam sim no qhov hluav taws xob tau sib koom ua ke, tab sis qhov dav tsis yog 5V tab sis 2V. Kev daws teeb meem yog txhawm rau kho qhov nce tus tiv thaiv los ntawm OpAmp. Koj ua qhov ntawd los ntawm kev kho lub zog potentiometers "R7" thiab "R9".