Stargate rau Koj Duab - PCB Tsim: 6 Cov Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:26

Fusion 360 Cov Haujlwm »

Yog tias koj nyiam txoj haujlwm no, thov txiav txim siab pov npav rau nws hauv PCB Kev Sib Tw (hauv qab ntawm nplooj ntawv)

Stargate SG-1 yog qhov kuv nyiam tshaj tawm TV txhua lub sijhawm. Ob peb hlis dhau los, Kuv tau yuam kuv tus hluas nkauj saib kom saib tag nrho cov yeeb yaj kiab. Peb nyob ib puag ncig lub caij 4 thaum kuv pom tias Cov Kws Qhia Ntawv tau ua haujlwm sib tw PCB, thiab zoo li yog lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws los tsim kuv tus kheej Stargate uas kuv tuaj yeem tso rau ntawm kuv lub rooj.

Qhov project no yog qhov kuv tuaj nrog. Nws yog 4 nti txoj kab hluav taws xob PCB Stargate, nrog DHD (uas yog Dial-Tsev Ntaus rau tus neeg tso), uas zaum ntawm koj lub rooj thiab teeb! Coj mus rhaub cov ntawv kov tau ntawm DHD thiab txhua lub chevron yuav teeb ua ntu zus. Mus txog rau lub 7 chevron, thiab lub qhov cua nkag tuaj!

PCB tau tsim los ua ib daim, thiab sib cais. DHD nyob hauv nruab nrab, thiab cov ces kaum sab nrauv yog txhawb rau Stargate thiab DHD. Nws khiav ntawm ob lub roj teeb AA, thiab lub roj teeb tuav ua lub hauv paus ntawm DHD.

Logic yog muab los ntawm ATtiny85, uas tig rau LEDs los ntawm 74HC595 hloov npe. Nyeem rau saib seb kuv tsim nws li cas, thiab rau cov lus qhia yuav ua li cas sib dhos nws!

Kauj ruam 1: Prototyping

Yog tias ua tau, koj xav ua qauv ntawm koj li PCB tsim ntawm lub khob cij ua ntej ua ntej tau txais txhua yam tsim. Hnub no, nws pheej yig heev kom muaj PCBs ua, tab sis koj tseem tsis xav nkim koj lub sijhawm lossis nyiaj txiag.

Hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej, Kuv tsis tau ua haujlwm nrog kev hloov npe ua ntej, yog li ntawd yog qhov kuv xav tau kom mob siab rau kev sim. Kuv vam khom rau qhov Qhia Qhia no kom kawm paub tias lawv ua haujlwm li cas:

Kuv tau ua qhov yuam kev ntawm kev xaj PCBs ua ntej sim ua tib zoo. Kuv qhov kev tsim qauv qub siv WS2812B ib tus zuj zus-tuaj yeem hais qhia LEDs. Cov ntawd tsis ua haujlwm zoo rau qee qhov laj thawj, thiab kuv tau nkim sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag ntau. Tus qauv tsim tshiab yooj yim dua thiab tsis kim dua.

Txhawm rau tsim qauv kuv qhov kev hloov pauv rau npe rau kev kho dua zaum ob ntawm PCBs, Kuv muab txhua yam tso rau ntawm lub khob cij. ATtiny85, hloov npe, tiv thaiv, thiab LEDs txhua tus nyob ntawd. Kuj tseem muaj thaj tsam thib ob rau kev ua haujlwm ATtiny85 los ntawm Arduino (Google yuav ua li cas, muaj ntau qhov kev qhia).

Daim ntawv teev cov ntu ua tiav rau txoj haujlwm no:

• 1 x ATtiny85-20PU
• 1x 74HC595 Hloov Sau Npe
• 7x Liab 3mm LEDs
• 1x Blue 3mm LED
• 2 x 120ohm Resistor
• 1x 1P2T SPDT Hloov
• 1 x Roj teeb Holder

Txuas nrog yog ATtiny85 code (flashed siv Arduino). Tom qab kuaj tas, kuv tau txav mus rau PCB tsim.

Kauj Ruam 2: PCB Tsim

Yog tias koj tsuas xav kom muaj PCBs ua siv kuv tus qauv, koj tuaj yeem siv StargatePlots.zip nplaub tshev uas txuas nrog. Nws muaj cov ntaub ntawv Gerber kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv no

Kev tsim lub cev ntawm PCB yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau cov khoom kawg-tshwj xeeb vim tias nws sib nrug thiab cov PCB tau siv los ua kev txhawb nqa. Vim li ntawd, kuv pib hauv CAD. Kuv siv Autodesk Fusion 360 los tsim PCB, suav nrog cov tab.

Cov txheej txheem PCB hauv Fusion 360

Thaum koj muaj koj li PCB tsim hauv CAD, koj xav tau ib txoj hauv kev coj qhov ntawd mus rau hauv koj li PCB tsim software los ntxiv kev txiav ntug. Txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua hauv Fusion 360 yog tsim cov duab kos tshiab ntawm saum npoo ntawm ib feem, thiab ua haujlwm tag nrho cov npoo. Tom qab ntawd tsuas yog khaws daim duab. Hauv cheeb tsam browser cheeb tsam (nyob rau sab laug ntawm lub qhov rais) xaiv qhov kos duab tshiab thiab xa tawm nws ua DXF. Txuag qhov ntawd rau tom qab.

Schematic ntawm KiCAD

Kuv tau ua kuv qhov kev tsim PCB tiag hauv KiCAD. Kuv yuav tau siv Autodesk Eagle, tab sis kuv tau txiav nws ze rau hnub kawg ntawm kev sib tw thiab tsis muaj sijhawm los kawm paub siv Eagle li cas. Hauv KiCAD, thawj kauj ruam yog tsim koj li txheej txheem PCB. Cov txheej txheem yog qhov yooj yim thaiv daim duab ntawm koj tus qauv, thiab nws lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog qhia rau KiCAD uas pins ntawm cov khoom sib txuas ua ke.

Kev Cai Cuam Tshuam

KiCAD muaj yuav luag txhua qhov khoom siv uas kuv tau siv nrog, yog li kuv tsuas yog ntxiv lawv thiab txuas cov pins. Qhov kev zam loj yog lub peev xwm kov lub ncoo, uas yog kev cai kiag li. Txhawm rau ntxiv qhov ntawd, Kuv yuav tsum tsim tus hneev taw tshiab PCB.

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, Kuv kos cov duab ntawm lub ncoo kov hauv InkScape. Tom qab ntawd kuv siv KiCAD's Bitmap hloov pauv qhov ntawd mus rau hauv hneev taw rau cov khoom siv tshiab. Qhov ntawd tau ntxiv rau kuv cov phiaj xwm.

KiCAD PCB

Thaum koj tau ua tiav cov txheej txheem, koj tuaj yeem tsim qhov txheej txheem PCB tiag tiag. KiCAD yuav cia li pov tseg tag nrho cov hneev taw ntawm daim ntawv, thiab nws yog nyob ntawm koj kom tso lawv. Ua ntej, txawm li cas los xij, koj xav kom ntshuam DXF ntawm koj li txheej txheem PCB.

Hloov mus rau Ntug Txiav Txheej, thiab tom qab ntawd xaiv ntshuam DXF. Xaiv koj tus qauv DXF, thiab nws yuav muab tso rau ntawm daim ntawv. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem tso koj tus hneev taw raws li qhov tsim nyog. Cov kauj ruam no tau suav txhua qhov zoo hauv cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws qhia rau KiCAD. Thaum kawg, ntxiv qee cov tooj liab nchuav nrog rau thaj chaw kom tsis txhob raug txiav tawm.

Custom Silkscreen

Tsis muaj Stargate ua tiav yam tsis muaj glyphs, uas txhais tau tias kev cai silkscreen tsim nyog. Kuv pib los ntawm kev nrhiav cov lus piv txwv hauv Google ntawm Stargate uas qhia meej meej txog cov kab ntawv. Tom qab ntawd, Kuv tau siv GIMP tshem tawm txhua daim duab tshwj tsis yog cov glyphs, thiab ua rau nws dub thiab dawb. Kuv coj qhov ntawd mus rau hauv InkScape thiab hloov pauv nws mus rau cov duab vector, thiab ntsuas nws kom raug qhov loj me.

Los ntawm qhov ntawd, cov txheej txheem zoo ib yam li tsim cov hneev taw kev cai. Tab sis, tsis txhob siv cov duab ua tus hneev taw, Kuv siv nws rau txheej silkscreen. Tom qab ntawd kuv nyuam qhuav txav nws mus rau hauv PCB thiab muab tso rau. Cov txheej txheem ntawd tau rov ua dua rau DHD glyphs.

Kauj Ruam 3: Tau Txais Koj Cov PCBs Tsim

Muaj ntau qhov kev pabcuam tsim khoom uas koj tuaj yeem siv kom tau koj li PCBs ua. OSH Park yog qhov kev xaiv nrov uas yooj yim heev rau siv thiab muaj qhov ua tau zoo, tab sis nws yog tus nqi me ntsis-PCBs kuj yog xim liab.

Txog qhov haujlwm no, Kuv tau siv Seeed Studio Fusion PCB kev pabcuam. Nws tau nqis peev ntau dua, qhov zoo kuj zoo kawg, thiab lawv muab ntau yam ntxiv rau kev hloov kho. Piv txwv li, Kuv muaj peev xwm tau txais cov no ua hauv dub, thiab muaj ntau qhov kev xaiv xim muaj.

Koj yuav muaj qee qhov kev xaiv rau xa khoom, tab sis kuv xaiv DHL. Kuv tso kuv daim ntawv xaj thaum Lub Ib Hlis 11, thiab tau txais kuv cov laug cam thaum Lub Ib Hlis 22nd. Tus nqi tag nrho, suav nrog kev xa khoom, yog $ 51.94 rau 10 ntawm cov ntawv no 101.6 x 101.6mm. Yog tias kuv tau xaj cov laug cam hauv lub xim ntsuab tsis yog, lawv yuav tau pheej yig dua. Tab sis, $ 5.20 rau ib lub rooj saib xyuas zoo nkauj tsim nyog txiav txim siab tias lawv loj npaum li cas.

Txhua yam uas tau hais, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov kev pabcuam twg koj xav tau. Lwm qhov kev xaiv nrov yog JLCPCB thiab PCBWay. Txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog npaj cov ntaub ntawv Gerber los ntawm KiCAD lossis Eagle kom xa koj cov qauv tsim rau cov kev pabcuam no. Yog tias koj siv OSH Park, koj tuaj yeem tso koj li phiaj xwm KiCAD ncaj qha.

Kauj Ruam 4: Sib sau ua Pawg

Yog tias koj tsim koj tus kheej lub rooj tsavxwm, koj yuav tsum paub sib sau ua ke. Tab sis, yog tias koj siv kuv tus PCB tsim, ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas muab tso ua ke:

Tag nrho cov khoom siv tau dhau los ntawm lub qhov thiab tau sau rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, yog li kev sib dhos yuav tsum yooj yim. Txhua feem tivthaiv tau muab tso rau ntawm ib sab ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm nrog daim ntawv lo. ATtiny85 thiab 74HC595 qhov chaw yog ob qho cim nrog lawv yuav tsum ua li cas. Cov chips muaj tus lej cim tus lej Pin 1, uas mus ib sab ntawm qhov thais hauv cov txheej txheem nti ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm.

LEDs muaj qhov sib txawv, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum koj muab tso rau hauv. Qhov tsis zoo cathode (luv luv) ntawm LEDs mus dhau lub xwmfab qhov, thiab qhov zoo anode (ceg ntev) mus los ntawm qhov puag ncig. Ua ntej siv lub xya LEDs liab rau lub chevron, thiab tom qab ntawd tig lub rooj tsavxwm hla.

Cov xiav LED yuav tsum tau khoov ntawm 90 degree lub kaum sab xis taw mus rau nruab nrab ntawm Stargate. Tsuas yog ntxig nws txog ib nrab, thiab tom qab ntawd khoov nws ua ntej yuav siv tau.

Tom ntej no los DHD cov xov hlau. Cov laug ib sab ntawm txhua lub xaim rau hauv DHD ib feem ntawm PCB, tom qab ntawd muab lwm qhov xaus rau hauv Stargate ib feem. Nws tsis muaj teeb meem uas xaim mus rau hauv lub qhov twg, lub ncoo kov tsis muaj qhov tsis sib xws.

Thaum kawg, muab cov roj teeb txuas rau. Yog tias koj tau kho thawj zaug ntawm pawg thawj coj, nws yuav raug cim tsis raug thiab hais tias lub qhov hauv qab yog "+" rau qhov zoo. Qhov ntawd yog qhov yuam kev ntawm kuv ib feem. Hauv qab (sab nrauv) qhov tsis zoo. Yog li, muab cov roj teeb zoo tso rau sab saum toj (sab hauv) lub qhov, thiab xaim tsis zoo rau hauv qab (sab nrauv) qhov.

Kauj Ruam 5: 3D Luam Koj Qhov

Txoj haujlwm no muaj tag nrho ntawm cuaj daim 3D luam tawm: xya daim ntawv npog, thiab sab pem hauv ntej thiab sab nraub qaum ntawm lub qhov txhab LED diffuser.

Cov chevron yog qhov ncaj, thiab kub-nplaum rau ntawm chevron LEDs rau cov qauv ntxiv. Cov ntawd yuav tsum luam tawm hauv cov xim dub lossis txho.

Lub tshuab cua tshuab cua tshuab diffuser tau faib ua ob ntu kom nws yooj yim rau luam tawm, thiab ua kom nws zoo dua qub. Daim ntawv pem hauv ntej tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus translucent yog li lub teeb yuav ci los ntawm, thiab daim thim rov qab tau luam tawm hauv cov xim dawb kom pab cuam tshuam lub teeb rov qab los ntawm sab xub ntiag.

Txhua daim ntawv no tuaj yeem luam tawm yam tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa. Kuv pom zoo siv txheej txheej qhov siab ntawm 0.15mm, ntxiv mus yuav tsum yog qee yam zoo li 20%.

Kauj Ruam 6: Rooj Sib Tham Kawg

Txhawm rau ua tiav kev sib sau Stargate, koj tsuas yog xav tau muab cov khoom ua ke nrog cov kua nplaum kub. Ua ntej tshaj, kuv pom zoo kom koj siv cov ntawv xuab zeb lossis Dremel los txhuam cov tab ntawm PCB qhov chaw.

Tom qab ntawd, siv me ntsis ntawm cov kua nplaum kub los yog super kua nplaum los txuas rau sab xub ntiag diffuser ib sab rau tom qab ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws. Lawv yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb (nruab nrab).

Tom ntej no, sau lub chevron nrog kua nplaum kub, thiab thawb nws mus rau hauv chevron LED. Rov hais dua qhov ntawd rau lwm rau rau chevron LEDs. Mus tom ntej thiab siv qee cov kua nplaum kub ntxiv los txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau PCB. Muaj qhov me me rau LED kom haum rau hauv, yog li tsuas yog ntxig nws thiab siv cov tuab ntawm cov diffuser ua qhov saum npoo kom kub kua nplaum rau PCB.

Qhwv DHD xov nyob ib ncig ntawm cov roj teeb xov tooj ob peb zaug kom lawv huv si. DHD PCB tau npaj siab mus rau sab saum toj ntawm lub roj teeb, yog li kub kua nplaum nws nyob ntawd (yog li cov roj teeb xov tooj nyob hauv qab). Tom qab ntawd siv qee cov kua nplaum kub los txuas cov kev txhawb nqa (tsis muaj qhov me me) rau ob sab ntawm lub roj teeb tuav kom nws ncaj thiab ruaj khov.

Thaum kawg, thawb qhov kev txhawb nqa nrog cov thais rau hauv qhov sib dhos ntawm Stargate PCB. Siv dab dab kub nplaum rau ntawm txhua tus kom nws nyob hauv qhov chaw.

Thiab koj ua tiav! Tsuas yog tig lub pob qhib, tos ob peb feeb, thiab tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem coj mus rhaub lub kov kom koom nrog txhua tus chevron thiab tsim kom muaj lub qhov cua!