Lub cev-ultrasound Sonography Nrog Arduino: 3 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:26

Nyob zoo!

Kuv txoj haujlwm nyiam thiab mob siab rau yog kom paub txog cov haujlwm physics. Ib qho ntawm kuv qhov kev ua haujlwm kawg yog hais txog ultrasonic sonography. Raws li ib txwm kuv tau sim ua kom yooj yim li sai tau nrog ntu koj tuaj yeem tau txais ntawm ebay lossis aliexpress. Yog li cia saib seb kuv tuaj yeem mus nrog kuv cov khoom yooj yim npaum li cas …

Kuv tau tshoov siab los ntawm qhov haujlwm no nyuab dua thiab kim dua:

hackaday.io/project/9281-murgen-open-sourc…

Nov yog ntu uas koj xav tau rau kuv qhov haujlwm:

qhov tseem ceeb:

• lub ntsuas ntsuas los ntsuas cov xim tuab rau 40 USD: ebay xim tuab tuab ntsuas GM100
• lossis tsuas yog 5 MHz transducer rau 33 USD: ebay 5 MHz transducer
• ib qho arduino Them rau 12 USD: ebay arduino txog sijhawm
• a 320x480 pixel zaub rau 11 USD: 320x480 arduino zaub
• ob qho khoom siv hluav taws xob 9V/1A rau qhov sib npaug +9/GND/-9V khoom
• ultrasound-gel rau sonography: 10 USD ultrasound gel

rau lub transmitter:

• kauj ruam-nce-hloov pauv rau qhov xav tau 100V rau 5 USD: 100V txhawb kev hloov pauv
• ib qib-nce-hloov pauv muab 12-15V rau 100V-txhawb-hloov pauv rau 2 USD: XL6009 txhawb-hloov pauv
• LM7805 tus tswj hluav taws xob
• monoflop-IC 74121
• mosfet-tsav tsheb ICL7667
• IRL620 mosfet: IRL620
• capacitors nrog 1nF (1x), 50pF (1x), 0.1µF (1x electrolytic), 47µF (1x electrolytic), 20 µF (1 x electrolytic rau 200V), 100 nF (2x MKP rau 200V: 100nF20µF
• resistors nrog 3kOhm (0.25W), 10kOhm (0.25W) thiab 50Ohm (1W)
• 10 kOhm potentiometer
• 2ks ua. C5-qhov (socket): 7 USD C5 qhov (socket)

rau tus txais:

• 3ks ua. AD811 kev ua haujlwm zoo: ebay AD811
• 1pc ua. LM7171 kev ua haujlwm zoo: ebay LM7171
• 5 x 1 nF capacitor, 8 x 100nF capacitor
• 4 x 10 kOhm potentiometer
• 1 x 100 kOhm potentiometer
• 0.25W resistors nrog 68 Ohm, 330 Ohm (2 pcs.), 820 Ohm, 470 Ohm, 1.5 kOhm, 1 kOhm, 100 Ohm
• 1N4148 diodes (2 pcs.)
• 3.3V zener diode (1 pcs.)

Kauj Ruam 1: Kuv Tus Kws Tshaj Tawm- thiab Txais-Circuit

Sonography yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb heev hauv tshuaj kom saib sab hauv lub cev. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yog qhov yooj yim: Tus xa hluav taws xob xa ultra-sonic-pulses. Lawv kis tawm hauv lub cev, raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kabmob sab hauv lossis cov pob txha thiab rov qab los rau tus txais.

Hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej kuv siv lub ntsuas GM100 rau ntsuas qhov tuab ntawm txheej txheej xim. Txawm hais tias tsis tau npaj tiag tiag los saib sab hauv lub cev Kuv tuaj yeem pom kuv cov pob txha.

GM100-transmitter ua haujlwm nrog zaus ntawm 5 MHz. Yog li koj yuav tsum tsim cov mem tes luv luv nrog qhov ntev ntawm 100-200 nanoseconds. 7412-monoflop muaj peev xwm tsim tau qhov luv luv no. Cov luv luv no mus rau ICL7667-mosfet-tsav tsheb, uas tsav lub qhov rooj ntawm IRL620 (mloog: mosfet yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov hluav taws xob mus txog 200V!)

Yog tias lub qhov rooj qhib, 100V-100nF-capacitor tso tawm thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm -100V tau siv rau lub tshuab xa khoom-piezo.

Ultrasonic-echoes, tau txais los ntawm GM100-lub taub hau mus rau 3-theem amplifier nrog OPA AD820 nrawm. Tom qab cov kauj ruam thib peb koj yuav xav tau qhov tseeb-rectifier. Rau lub hom phiaj no kuv siv LM7171 lub tshuab ua haujlwm zoo.

Ua tib zoo saib: Kuv tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, thaum kuv ua kom luv lub tswv yim ntawm qhov tseeb-rectifier nrog dupont-wire-loop (? Hauv Circuit). Kuv tsis nkag siab tiag vim li cas tab sis koj yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas nws yog tias koj sim rov tsim kho kuv lub tshuab ntsuas ultrasonic.

Kauj ruam 2: Arduino-software

Cov noob taum uas xav tau yuav tsum tau khaws cia thiab nthuav tawm los ntawm lub microcontroller. Lub microcontroller yuav tsum ceev. Yog li kuv xaiv qhov arduino vim. Kuv tau sim ob hom sib txawv ntawm qhov nrawm-nyeem-lej (saib cov ntawv txuas). Ib qho yog nrawm dua (kwv yees li 0.4 pers ib zaug hloov dua siab tshiab) tab sis kuv tau txais 2-3 zaug tib tus nqi thaum nyeem hauv cov lus sib piv. Lwm qhov yog qeeb me ntsis (1 µs rau kev hloov dua siab tshiab), tab sis tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov rov ua qhov tseem ceeb. Kuv tau xaiv thawj tus…

Muaj ob txoj kev hloov ntawm tus txais-board. Nrog cov rooj zaum no koj tuaj yeem nres qhov ntsuas thiab xaiv ob lub sijhawm sib txawv. Ib qho rau ntsuas-sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm 0 thiab 120 µs thiab lwm qhov ntawm 0 txog 240 µs. Kuv paub qhov no los ntawm kev nyeem tawm 300 qhov tseem ceeb lossis 600 qhov tseem ceeb. Txog 600 qhov tseem ceeb nws siv sijhawm ob zaug, tab sis tom qab ntawd kuv tsuas yog siv txhua qhov thib ob sib piv-hauv-tus nqi.

Cov ncha uas tau nkag los tau nyeem nrog ib qho ntawm cov khoom sib piv-cov tswv yim-cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm arduino. Lub zener-diode yuav tsum tiv thaiv qhov chaw nres nkoj rau qhov hluav taws xob siab dhau vim tias arduino vim tuaj yeem tsuas nyeem tau qhov hluav taws xob txog 3.3V.

Txhua qhov analog-input-tus nqi yog tom qab ntawd hloov pauv mus rau tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm 0 thiab 255. Nrog rau tus nqi no ntxiv cov xim daj-xim-lub qhov quav yuav raug kos ntawm cov zaub. Dawb txhais tau tias muaj teeb liab loj/ncha, tsaus-grey lossis dub txhais tau tias qis teeb liab/ncha.

Nov yog cov kab hauv kab lus rau kos cov duab plaub nrog 24 pixel dav thiab 1 pixel siab

rau (kuv = 0; kuv <300; kuv ++) {

values = daim ntawv qhia (qhov muaj nuj nqis , 0, 4095, 0, 255);

myGLCD.setColor (values , values , values );

myGLCD.fillRect (j * 24, 15 + i, j * 24 + 23, 15 + i);

}

Tom qab ib pliag tus kab tom ntej yuav raug kos…

Kauj Ruam 3: Cov txiaj ntsig

Kuv tau tshuaj xyuas cov khoom sib txawv los ntawm aluminim-thooj voos kheej kheej hla cov dej ntim puv rau kuv lub cev. Kom pom lub cev-echos kev nthuav dav ntawm cov cim yuav tsum siab heev. Rau aluminium-thooj voos kheej kheej yuav tsum tau ua kom qis dua. Thaum koj saib cov duab koj tuaj yeem pom meej qhov ncha ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab kuv pob txha.

Yog li kuv tuaj yeem hais dab tsi txog qhov ua tiav lossis tsis ua tiav ntawm txoj haujlwm no. Nws yog qhov ua tau los saib sab hauv lub cev nrog cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab siv cov khoom, uas tsis nquag siv rau lub hom phiaj ntawd. Tab sis cov xwm txheej no tseem txwv cov txiaj ntsig ib yam. Koj tsis tau txais cov duab meej thiab teeb tsa zoo piv nrog kev lag luam daws teeb meem.

Tab sis thiab qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, Kuv tau sim nws thiab ua kuv qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Kuv vam tias koj nyiam cov lus qhia no thiab nws tsawg kawg yog qhov txaus siab rau koj.

Yog tias koj nyiam ua tibzoo saib ntawm kuv lwm qhov haujlwm physics:

www.youtube.com/user/stopperl16/videos?

ntau txoj haujlwm physics: