Cov txheej txheem:
- Kauj Ruam 1: Txheeb Xyuas Cov Ntaub Ntawv - Vim Li Cas Suav Bees?
- Kauj Ruam 2: Kev txhim kho ntawm Kev Tsim Qauv Yav Dhau Los
- Kauj Ruam 3: Kev Ua Haujlwm Dav Dav
- Kauj Ruam 4: Cov Lus Qhia Ua Ke
- Kauj Ruam 5: Kev Xeem Pib
- Kauj Ruam 6: Rooj Sib Tham Kawg
- Kauj Ruam 7: Dual Footprint Micro Controller Pinouts
- Kauj Ruam 8: Arduino Code
- Kauj Ruam 9: Cov Nqi Khoom
- Kauj Ruam 10: Luam Circuit Court Board Ordering
Video: Yooj Yim Bee Counter: 10 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)
2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25
2019 Yooj Yim Bee Counter V.1
Rau cov lus nug lossis teeb meem !! Thov tshaj tawm lawv ntawm lub vev xaib github ntawm no!
Qhov no ntawm cov txee muv yog ib qho yooj yim los ua ke thiab sib sau ua ke (txhua qhov dhau los-qhov). Nws tau sim thiab ua haujlwm* nrog cov qauv qauv muab.
Kev tsim qauv tam sim no yog qhov yooj yim rau program thiab ua kom haum rau cov pib tsim qauv. Lub rooj tsav xwm luam tawm tau lees paub ntau lub Arduino platform ua los ntawm Adafruit suav nrog lawv kab ntawm Adafruit Feather yam micro-controllers thiab Adafruit ItsyBitsy micro-controllers. Cov Adafruit plaub muaj xws li wifi thiab ntau lub xov tooj cua nta (esp8266*, esp32, thiab LoRA). Txhua tus qauv ItsyBitsy 3V (M0, M4, thiab 32u4) yuav tsum ua haujlwm zoo.
*Cov plaub muag esp8266 ploj lawm A5. Yog tias koj siv uController no koj yuav tsum jumper mus rau lwm tus pin uas muaj.
Kauj Ruam 1: Txheeb Xyuas Cov Ntaub Ntawv - Vim Li Cas Suav Bees?
Kev Siv Tau
- tus nqi ntawm kev nthuav dav lossis poob ntawm cov ya ya tuaj yeem qhia pom kev noj qab haus huv
- kev nthuav dav lossis poob qis ntawm kev qhia dav hlau ntau hnub tuaj yeem qhia txog huab tais kev noj qab haus huv
- lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm qhov siab tshaj ntawm cov muv tawm mus thiab rov qab tuaj yeem qhia txog tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg tua tsiaj thiab nrug deb rau paj ntoos/paj ntoo.
-
kev sib piv ntawm ob lossis tshem tawm khaus mus kuaj rau kev kho; xws li,
- ntxiv/tshem tawm cov zib ntab
- sab hauv qab zib pub mis
- kev kho kab mob oxalic acid
- kev taw qhia txog hluav taws xob, kev siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab kev tswj hwm micro-controller
- zib ntab muv kev kawm lossis tsev khaws khoom hom
Hive noj qab haus huv
Sib npaug cov ntaub ntawv ya davhlau thiab qhia kev ya dav hlau mus rau txhua qhov kev noj qab haus huv los yog poj huab tais kev noj qab haus huv zoo li ua tau. Kev taw qhia kev ya davhlau yog tus cwj pwm ntawm 'cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog nruab nrab' muv txog 20 hnub qub. Ua ntej pub muv ntawm cov hnub nyoog no yuav tawm hive ua ib pab pawg nyob ib puag ncig nruab nrab hnub ua rau pom tau yooj yim ~ 45min ncov hauv cov ntaub ntawv.
Yog tias muaj kev poob qis hauv kev qhia dav dav nws yuav qhia tau tias kev txo qis hauv kev tso qe ~ 42 hnub ua ntej (22 hnub hatch + 20 hnub txog rau kev pub tsiaj).
Kev nrug deb
Nws yooj yim pom hauv cov ntaub ntawv me me tab sis txawv txav ntawm muv tawm thiab muv IN. Qhov no qhia txog ob qhov ntim ntawm muv uas tawm mus thiab rov qab los ua ke nrog rau qhov ntxhib nrug lossis sijhawm mus rau qhov chaw nrhiav noj.
Kauj Ruam 2: Kev txhim kho ntawm Kev Tsim Qauv Yav Dhau Los
- Txhua qhov dhau los ntawm cov khoom siv kom yooj yim soldering
- Ob qho hneev taw, socketed, tawm ntawm lub txee uControllers => Feather thiab ItsyBitsy
- Qhov kev zov me nyuam hauv Arduino, Lua, thiab microPython - Tag nrho ntawm 24 lub rooj vag, 48 lub ntsuas hluav taws xob, 6 lub npe hloov pauv
- ~ 14.75 "ntev ncab tag nrho qhov qhib ntawm ib lub paj ntoo langstroth kom yooj yim tso
- siv 2 PCBs los tsim cov qhaub cij yog qhov pheej yig daws sai. Cov PCBs yuav tsum tau xaj dub (saib cov lus qhia) yog li IR LED emitter tau nqus mus rau hauv cov khoom.
- siv 6 tus pin headers los tsim txoj kev tig los lossis rooj vag
- N-Ch mosfet tswj IR LEDs xws li LEDs tuaj yeem tswj tau rau lub sijhawm luv thaum lub sijhawm hnov (~ 75us). Tso cai rau txo hwj chim kom tsawg dua 1ma (ntxiv rau uController).
Kauj Ruam 3: Kev Ua Haujlwm Dav Dav
Infrared (IR) Sensors
Honeybees raug yuam los ntawm 24 lub rooj vag qhov twg cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag (48 sensors) txiav txim siab seb puas muaj cov muv nyob tam sim no thiab txiav txim siab kev coj ntawm muv txav mus. Txhua lub ntsuas qhov muag muaj IR LED thiab IR sensor. Yog tias tsis muaj muv tam sim no lub teeb IR tau nqus mus rau hauv qhov dub. Yog tias muaj tus muv tam sim no IR lub teeb pom kev tawm ntawm muv thiab ua rau lub sensor.
48 LEDs tau muab faib ua ob pawg ntawm 24 nrog txhua pawg tswj los ntawm N-ch mosfet. Qhov ib txwm ua rau qhov hluav taws xob ntawm txhua IR LED yog 1.2V thiab kwv yees li 20ma raws li qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Ob lub LEDs tau txuas nrog ua ke nrog 22ohm resistor. Muaj cov neeg dhia ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm uas tso cai rau LEDs hla dhau qhov txwv tam sim no. Tsis txhob txhuam lub jumper kom txog thaum kuaj tas! Ua raws li cov lus qhia los ua ke.
Hloov-hauv cov npe
Muaj 6 qhov hloov pauv-hauv npe. Nov yog cov lus piav qhia zoo yuav ua li cas txuas thiab program hloov npe. Tus tswj hwm micro-SPI pins nyeem cov npe hloov pauv. Tag nrho rau qhov hloov pauv rau npe tau nyeem tib lub sijhawm. Cov ntsuas ntsuas ib txwm rub qis thiab qhia 3.3V lossis HIGH thaum lub transistor tau tshwm sim thiab muaj muv nyob.
PowerThe PCB tsim txuas lub USB fais fab tus pin los ntawm micro-maub los rau 3.3V tus tswj kom xaim USB txuas nrog lub micro-maub los tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tag nrho txoj haujlwm.
Kauj Ruam 4: Cov Lus Qhia Ua Ke
Qhov version ntawm cov txee muv yog txhua qhov dhau los ntawm cov khoom. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau solder thiab sib sau ua ke. Nov yog qhov thib ob ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas (V1) ua tiav Lub Peb Hlis 2020. Yog tias koj tau txais Lub Rooj Tsav Xwm 0 (Lub Ib Hlis/Lub Ob Hlis 2020) koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau kho qee qhov kuv ua yuam kev yav dhau los suav nrog ntxiv cov hlua jumper pom ntawm no.
1) Nruab IR sensors - QRE1113 lossis ITR8307
2) teeb tsa kev hloov pauv rau npe qty (6), SIP 22R LED resistors thiab 100k pulldown resistors.
- Hloov npe, qty (6) 74HC165- 22ohm resistors, bussed, qty (4) SIP Ntim, bussed- 100k ohm resistors bussed, qty (6) SIP-9, 8 resistors, 9 pins
3) teeb tsa lub zog mosfets qty (2), - N -Channel Mosfet FQP30N06
4) teeb tsa cov khoom me me
5) qhov chaw/laug 3.3V lub zog tswj hwm
3.3V Regulator, (tawm tswv yim, hauv av, tso tawm - IGO, pinout), qty (1)
6) teeb tsa Capacitor loj
- 560uF, 6.3V Capacitor
7) teeb tsa cov ntsia hlau ntsuab ntu, qty (3)
- ntsia hlau txuas Ob tus pin, 0.1 , qty (3)
8) teeb tsa headers rau microprocessor
9) teeb tsa qty (4) 10K Resistors (daim duab tsis raug.. tsuas yog qhia 2 tus tiv thaiv) - i2c rub tawm cov neeg tiv taus - pulldown resistors rau lub zog mosfets
Kauj Ruam 5: Kev Xeem Pib
TEST sensors Ua ntej koj mus rau ib qho ntxiv, sim tag nrho koj cov LEDs/sensors! Nws yooj yim dua los sim cov no tam sim no ua ntej mus ntxiv. Khiav tus qauv piv txwv Blink_IR_Leds.ino
IR LEDs tsis pom rau tib neeg qhov muag tab sis ntau lub xov tooj thiab lub koob yees duab tso cai rau koj pom IR LEDs. Saib daim duab. (hmoov tsis zoo IPhones feem ntau muaj IR lim yog li sim lwm lub xov tooj kom txog thaum koj pom IR leds). Cov kauj ruam no tseem ceeb heev yog li xyuas kom koj tuaj yeem pom txhua lub LEDs.
LEDs puas zoo? Yog tias tsis muaj LEDs ntsais? Txheeb xyuas kom paub tseeb tias koj muaj 3.3V ntawm 3.3V tus pin header. Yog tias ib lossis ob lub LED tawm, rov qab koj tus pin thiab/lossis hloov LEDs kom txog thaum koj tau txais 100% LEDs ntsais muag ua ke. LEDs zoo, zoo kawg, sim ntsuas qhov hloov pauv tom ntej nrog cov qauv piv txwv test_shift_registers.ino
Siv daim ntawv dawb los ua kom pom cov ntsuas. Yog tias qee qhov ntsuas tsis ua haujlwm, txheeb xyuas koj cov pins, ua kom sov thiab rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov pins raws li xav tau.
Kauj Ruam 6: Rooj Sib Tham Kawg
Ua kom tiav kev sib dhos ib zaug txhua qhov ntsuas tau ntsuas. Nruab lub taub hau uas txuas rau sab saum toj PCB mus rau hauv qab PCB. !
Ok, thaum txhua yam raug sim tawm, koj tuaj yeem txuas cov dhia no…. Soldering 24 tus neeg dhia dhia nce qhov cuam tshuam ntawm IR cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev nce qhov ua ntej thiab qhov tam sim no hauv LED. Qhov no yog qhov ua tau zoo yog tias peb khaws cov LEDs rau lub sijhawm tsawg dua 100us. Qhov no tau piav qhia hauv daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv.
Muab ob tsab ntawv sau, ob qho test_shift_registers.ino thiab bee_counting.ino ua raws qhov kev xav tau no tsuas yog tig LEDs ON rau 75us. Qhov no tau qhia ntawm kab 68 (hloov npe) thiab kab 158 (suav_ suav). Ua raws li lub sijhawm ON muaj kev ncua ntawm ~ 15-20ms ua ntej tig lawv ON dua uas khaws lub neej ntawm LED.
Solder tag nrho 24 ntawm cov dhia.
Kauj Ruam 7: Dual Footprint Micro Controller Pinouts
Lub rooj tsav xwm luam tawm tau lees paub ob Adafruit style ntawm micro-controllers. Adafruit Feather hom micro-controllers thiab Adafruit ItsyBitsy micro-controllers. Cov Adafruit plaub muaj xws li wifi thiab ntau lub xov tooj cua nta (*esp8266, esp32, thiab LoRA). Txhua tus qauv ItsyBitsy 3V (M0, M4, thiab 32u4) yuav tsum ua haujlwm zoo.
Hmoov tsis zoo cov npe hloov pauv peb tau siv (cov npe hloov pauv nrov tshaj plaws!) Tsis yog SPI cov cuab yeej tag nrho thiab tsis qhia tawm SPI nrog lwm cov khoom siv.. Lawv zoo li cov cuab yeej SPI phem tshaj! … tsuas yog yuav tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub npov. Koj tseem tuaj yeem ua nws los ntawm kev txiav qee qhov cim tseg thiab kho cov kab SPI kom dawb SPI kab thiab bitbanging SPI rau kev hloov pauv npe tab sis qhov nyuaj me ntsis los piav qhia.
Kho vajtse SPI
Cov piv txwv tus lej tau sau rau Feather ESP32 thiab nws qhov zoo li M0/M4 tab sis yuav tsum ua haujlwm zoo nrog lwm tus. Cov khoos phis tawj SPI pins tau siv rau ob qho tib si: MISO & SCK.
Tus Pin A5 ntawm ob qho ESP32 thiab nws cov Bitsy yog Shift Register LOAD*Tus Pin A5 tsis muaj nyob ntawm ESP8266. Yog tias koj siv lub rooj tsavxwm no, koj yuav tsum jumper mus rau lwm tus pin (hais RX tus pin yog dawb)
Lub zog Mosfets
Ob tus pin txuas nrog lub zog mosfets tsav IR LEDs
-
Plaub pins
- Pin 15 rau rooj vag 0-11
- Pin 33 rau rooj vag 12-23
-
ItsyBitsy tus pin
- Pin 10 rau rooj vag 0-11
- Pin 11 rau rooj vag 12-23
Ntxiv Pins
Muaj Screw Terminals (ntsuab) txhawm rau txuas cov ntsuas ntxiv rau lub i2C pins (SDA thiab SCL) Muaj kuj yog tus pin analog A4 txuas nrog rau ib qho ntawm cov ntsia hlau.
Kauj Ruam 8: Arduino Code
Muaj peb daim ntawv sau arduino txuas nrog.
- Blink_IR_leds.ino - siv los pom kev pom LEDs ua haujlwm
- test_shift_registers.ino - siv los ua haujlwm ntsuas cov ntsuas
- bee_counting.ino - siv suav cov muv!
Ceeb toom
Soldering 24 tus neeg dhia dhia nce qhov cuam tshuam ntawm IR cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev nce qhov ua ntej thiab qhov tam sim no hauv LED. Qhov no zoo yog tias peb khaws LEDs ON lub sijhawm kom tsawg dua 100us.
Ob tsab ntawv sau saum toj no, ob qho kev sim_shift_registers.ino thiab bee_counting.ino ua raws qhov kev xav tau no tsuas yog tig LEDs ON rau 75us. Qhov no tau qhia ntawm kab 68 (hloov npe) thiab kab 158 (suav_ suav).
Calibrating Bee Counter
Kuv tau ntes qee cov ntaub ntawv tsis txaus ntseeg ntau xyoo. Nws yog qhov ua tau los ntsuas tus muv txee kom ua tiav qhov xav tau rov ua dua. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ntsuas tus muv txee raws li qhov xav tau. Ib txoj hauv kev yog ntsuas qhov nrawm ntawm cov muv txav thiab tsuas suav cov kev paub txav thiab ntuav tawm txhua qhov ua tsis raug. Txoj kev no plam ntau tus muv tab sis tuaj yeem muab qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam. Nws yuav siv muv txog 180-350ms txhawm rau hla thaj tsam sensor.
Piv txwv tus lej bee_counting.ino ntsuas qhov nrawm ntawm cov muv los ntawm lub ntsuas pa thiab suav cov muv txav nrawm dua 650ms thiab xav tau lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm kev ua tiav ib lub ntsuas thiab ua tiav lub ntsuas thib ob tsawg dua 150ms.
Qee qhov teeb meem txhawm rau ntsuas rau suav nrog:
- txawm hais tias muv tsis ntxiv propolis rau cov sensors lawv yuav siv sijhawm ob peb hnub txhawm rau voids nrog propolis thaum pib teeb tsa
- bearding nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj lub caij ntuj sov thiab cov neeg zov dav hlau mulling txog muab qhov ua tsis raug
- ncaj lub hnub ci ntawm lub kaum sab xis yuav tsis ua rau cov ntsuas pom (qhov no tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim zoo nkauj)
Kauj Ruam 9: Cov Nqi Khoom
Micro-maub los
Txoj cai tau sim nrog cov plaub muag esp32 Huzzah thiab nws cov Bitsy M0 tab sis yuav ua haujlwm nrog txhua lub laug cam no.
- plaub Huzzah los ntawm mouser
- plaub esp8266 los ntawm mouser
- plaub LoRa 900mhz los ntawm mouser
- ItsyBitsy M0 los ntawm mouser
- ItsyBitsy M4 los ntawm mouser
Luam Circuit Board los ntawm JLCPCB ~ $ 16-25 nrog thauj khoom.
Txiav txim rau PCBs Dub. Saib PCB cov lus qhia xaj khoom.
Qhov thiab Cov Khoom
Nov yog cov ntsiab lus teev tus nqi teev los ntawm mouser. Saib lwm cov nqi hauv qab no rau cov kev xaiv pheej yig dua tshwj xeeb rau cov teeb pom kev zoo.
QRE1113 Reflective Sensors qty (48)
6 tus pin poj niam headers 7mm siab, 0.1 spacing, qty (~ 36)
22ohm resistors, bussed, qty (4) SIP Ntim, 9 tus tiv thaiv, 10 tus pin
100k ohm resistors bussed, qty (6) SIP-9, 8 resistors, 9 pins
Hloov pauv cov npe, qt (6) 74HC165
3.3V Regulator, (tawm tswv yim, hauv av, tso tawm - IGO, pinout), qty (1)
ntsia hlau txuas Ob tus pin, 0.1 , qty (3)
0.1 uF Ceramic Capacitor, los ntawm qhov, qty (6)
1 uF Ceramic Capacitor, los ntawm qhov, qty (1)
560uF, 6.3V Capacitor qis esr, 3.5mm qhov sib nrug, 8mm txoj kab uas hla
N-Channel Mosfet FQP30N06, qty (2)
10k Resistors, qty (4), generic 1/4 watt
txiv neej headers 6 tus pin, ~ qty (32) lossis … 12pin qty (17) thiab sib cais raws li xav tau
Lwm tus nqi los ntawm Suav tus xa khoom LCSC
Qee tus neeg taw qhia qee qhov kev xaiv tus nqi uas tuaj yeem txo tus nqi qis.
- ITR8307 Reflectance Sensors ~ $ 0.13/txhua @ qty (48) (tib yam li QRE1113)
- 6 tus pin poj niam lub taub hau 8.5mm siab. ~ $ 0.05/txhua @ qty (36+)
- 22 ohm SIP 8 resistor, 9 tus pin, nws yuav haum. $ 0.44 rau qty (4)
- 100k SIP Resistors 8 resistor, 9pin, nws yuav haum. $ 0.44 rau qty (6)
Kauj Ruam 10: Luam Circuit Court Board Ordering
Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv PCB tuam txhab tsim khoom los xaiv. Cov lus qhia no qhia JLCPCB. Koj xav tau cov chaw tsim khoom uas tuaj yeem ua PCBs dub. IR LEDs/sensors yuav tsum taw tes rau ntawm qhov dub kom tiv thaiv qhov tsis raug, yog li hauv qab PCB yuav tsum yog xim dub. Yam tsawg kawg JLCPCB yog pawg (5) cov laug cam thiab koj yuav xav tau 2 cov laug cam los ua qhaub cij ua ke kom ua tiav ib lub txee muv.
1. Rub tawm tag nrho repo … ntaus lub pob ntsuab loj uas hais tias "clone lossis rub tawm" github … mus rau "gerbers.zip" cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab PCB nplaub tshev.
2. Mus rau JLCPCB.com, tsim ib tus as khauj thiab nyem lub pob ORDER NOW.
3. Nyem rau ntawm "Ntxiv Koj Cov Ntaub Ntawv Gerber" thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv ziped
4. Xaiv 'Dub' ua xim PCB. Kuj rau "Tshem Tawm Tus lej", xaiv YOG
Tus nqi kwv yees li $ 8 rau qhov kev txiav txim yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm qty (5) PCBs ntxiv rau $ 9-16 xa khoom raws li txoj hauv kev.
Qhov khoom plig thib ob hauv PCB Tsim Kev Sib Tw
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