Txaus Analog Synthesizer/Lub Cev Siv Tsuas Muaj Cov Txheej Txheem Tsis Txaus Siab: 10 Cov Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Analog synthesizers txias heev, tab sis kuj nyuaj ua.

Yog li kuv xav ua ib qho yooj yim raws li nws tuaj yeem tau txais, yog li nws txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem nkag siab tau yooj yim.

Txhawm rau nws ua haujlwm, koj xav tau ob peb lub hauv paus hauv qab: Ib qho yooj yim oscillator nrog resistor xaiv cov oscillating zaus, qee cov yuam sij, thiab qhov pib yooj yim Circuit Court.

Yog tias koj siv qee cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv tsis txhob nias lub pob rau cov yuam sij, koj tuaj yeem ua rau koj qhov version ntawm qhov txias heev

Stylophone!

Hauv cov lus qhia no peb yuav kawm paub yuav ua li cas thiab peb yuav kawm paub nws ua haujlwm li cas.

Cov lus qhia yog txhais tau rau tus pib rau nruab nrab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Kauj Ruam 1: Cov Cuab Yeej Xav Tau

Koj yuav xav tau cov hlau txuas thiab qee cov laug cam ua qauv, lossis koj tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke ntawm lub khob cij.

Yog tias koj tau nce qib me ntsis, Kuv yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv rau cim koj tus kheej PCB.

Kauj Ruam 2: Pib Nrog Oscillator

Lub plawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog Astable Multivibrator Circuit ua nrog lub tshuab ua haujlwm zoo. Hauv is taws nem koj yuav pom ntev heev thiab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm nws txoj haujlwm, tab sis kuv yuav sim piav qhia nws ua haujlwm li cas yooj yim dua.

Tus oscillator muaj ob peb resistors thiab ib lub capacitor.

Op-amp sib piv Circuit Court tau teeb tsa raws li Schmitt txhais uas siv cov lus pom zoo los ntawm resistors R1 thiab R2 los tsim hysteresis. Lub network tiv thaiv no tau txuas nrog nruab nrab ntawm lub zog tso tawm thiab tsis hloov pauv (+) cov tswv yim. Thaum Vo (qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm) txaus rau ntawm txoj kev xa khoom zoo, qhov hluav taws xob zoo tau siv rau op-amps tsis hloov pauv tswv yim. Ib yam nkaus, thaum Vo txaus rau txoj kab tsheb tsis zoo, qhov hluav taws xob tsis zoo tau thov rau op-amps tsis hloov pauv tswv yim.

Qhov hluav taws xob no maj mam tsub thiab tso lub capacitor ntawm (-) tawm los ntawm Rf resistor. Cia peb hais tias peb pib nrog op-amps tso zis ntawm qhov zoo saturation voltage (+Vsat). Tus capacitor raug them thiab nws qhov hluav taws xob (Vc) maj mam nce. Hauv lub sijhawm nruab nrab R1 thiab R2 tsim qhov faib hluav taws xob nrog nws qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm (Vdiv) ntawm tus nqi ruaj khov ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm qhov tso tawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob (+Vsat) thiab 0V. Thaum lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau tshaj qhov hluav taws xob ntawm R1 thiab R2 qhov faib hluav taws xob, op-amp hloov pauv nws lub xeev rau qhov tsis txaus siab qhov siab (-Vsat). Tom qab ntawd lub capacitor raug tso tawm los ntawm Rf resistor kom txog thaum nws qhov hluav taws xob (Vc) qis dua R1 thiab R2 faib cov hluav taws xob (Vdiv). Tom qab ntawd nws rov ntxeev nws lub xeev rau thawj lub xeev (+Vsat). Ntxiv thiab ntxiv rau.

Qhov tseeb qhov no ua rau cov plaub-yoj hluav taws xob tso zis qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov oscillator thiab yog tias nws yog qhov raug zaus, nws ua suab nrov.

Kauj Ruam 3: Xam Zaus

Qhov oscillator zaus tuaj yeem suav los ntawm qhov sib npaug hauv daim duab saum toj no.

Koj tuaj yeem kho qhov synth no yam koj nyiam.

Kuv xav kho nws hauv C qhov ntsuas loj - txhua tus yuam sij dawb ntawm lub piano. Txoj kev no, tsis muaj lub suab "tsis raug" thiab nws yooj yim rau ua si rau menyuam yaus.

Yog li kuv tshawb hauv online rau cov npe ntawm cov zaus rau cov tones tshwj xeeb thiab kuv txiav txim siab los kho qhov khoom los ntawm C4 txog C5 nco.

Kuv tau ua cov lej rau qhov xav tau resistor. Kuv tau ua nws zoo nkauj thiab suav nrog Matlab (Octave).

Rau R1 thiab R2 resistor faib kuv xaiv 22k ohm resistors, rau lub capacitor Kuv xaiv 100nF cap.

Nov yog cov cai yog tias koj tub nkeeg dhau los ua nws ntawm tes nrog lub laij lej. Lossis koj tsuas tuaj yeem siv qhov sib npaug flipped rau phau ntawv ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas.

R1 = 220e3; R2 = 220e3;

lambda = R1/(R1+R2);

C = 100e-9;

f = [261.63 293.66 329.63 349.23 392 440 493.88 523.25]; %daim ntawv teev cov zaus

R = 1./ (f.*2.*C.*log ((1+lambda)/(1-lambda)))) cov.

Nov yog cov txiaj ntsig:

C4 = 17395 ohm

D4 = 15498 ohm

E4 = 13806 ohm

F4 = 13032 hli

G4 = 11610 ohm

A4 = 10343 ohm

B4 = 9215 hli

C5 = 8697 hmo

Tau kawg kuv xav tau hloov qhov txiaj ntsig mus rau qhov ntsuas qhov ze tshaj plaws. Kuv siv tus qauv E12 resistor series uas yog feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyiam ua haujlwm. Vim hais tias E12 resistor series yog ntxhib ntxhib, Kuv siv 2 resistors hauv series rau txhua tus nqi txhawm rau kom ze rau qhov xav tau tiv thaiv thiab cov synth yuav ntau dua nyob rau hauv txoj hauv kev no.

C4 = 2.2k + 15k ohm D4 = 15k + 470 ohm

E4 = 8.2k + 5.6k ohm

F4 = 12k + 1k ohm

G4 = 4.7k + 6.8k ohm

A4 = 10k + 330 ohm

B4 = 8.2k + 1k ohm

C5 = 8.2k + 470 ohm

Kauj Ruam 4: Cov Txheej Txheem Oscillator Tiav

Nov yog cov txheej txheem rau ib feem oscillator.

Nrog tus yuam sij tus kheej, koj xaiv qhov xav tau tiv thaiv thiab lub suab xav tau tsim.

Cov txheej txheem no piav qhia vim li cas koj thiaj tau lub suab nrov thaum nias ntau tus yuam sij ib zaug. Los ntawm nias ntau tus yuam sij ib zaug, koj txuas ntau ceg ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam ua ke thiab txuas lawv tau zoo thaum ua ke, txo kev tiv thaiv tag nrho. Kev tiv thaiv qis dua ua rau lub suab nrov dua.

Kauj Ruam 5: Tus Hais Lus Amplifier

Tus neeg hais lus lub suab nrov tuaj yeem ua tiav txawm tias yooj yim dua, tab sis kuv txiav txim siab los ua qhov tseeb AB chav kawm lub suab nrov theem.

Cov theem muaj PNP thiab NPN transistors, sib txuas ua ke thiab ob qhov kev tawm tsam thiab diodes.

Yooj yim heev tab sis nws ua haujlwm zoo.

Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub suab nrov theem kuv tso 100k logarithmic (suab) potentiometer rau kho lub ntim.

Vim tias lub hwj chim ntawm nws tus kheej hauv Circuit Court yuav de-tune tus oscillator (ntxiv qhov tsis kam), Kuv tau npuaj ib qho op-amp tsis nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws uas qhia txog kev tawm tswv yim siab rau lub Circuit Court nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov hluav taws xob tom qab nws.

Yeej qhov tsis yog qhov ua kom nrov nrog nce 1.

Lub opamp Kuv tab tom siv yog TL072 uas muaj ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob nyob hauv nws, yog li qhov no yog txhua yam peb xav tau.

Kauj Ruam 6: Cov Khoom Pabcuam

Ntawm sab laug ntawm daim duab muaj lub taub hau txuas txuas, qhov uas koj txuas lub zog siv.

Lawv tau ua raws los ntawm ob lub diodes uas tiv thaiv lub Circuit Court rau kev sib txuas yuam kev ntawm qhov tsis ncaj ncees polarity fais fab mov.

Kuv kuj tau ntxiv ob lub LEDs los qhia tias muaj nyob ntawm txhua kab hluav taws xob.

Kauj Ruam 7: Tag Nrho Schematic

Nov yog cov txheej txheem tiav.

Kauj Ruam 8: Lub Hwj Huam Fais Fab

Lub Circuit Court xav tau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib npaug.

Koj xav tau +12V thiab -12V (9V tseem yuav ua haujlwm).

Kuv siv qee lub zog qub qub los ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv inkjet tawg, vim nws muaj +12V thiab -12V ntsia (saib cov duab)

Tab sis koj tseem tuaj yeem ua qhov sib npaug +-12V fais fab mov los ntawm ib qho 24V ib qho siv cov txheej txheem saum toj no.

Tab sis tsuas yog tsis txhob hnov qab teeb tsa lub rhaub dej kub rau 7812 tus tswj hwm.

Lossis koj tuaj yeem txuas hauv kab ob cais 12V cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Kauj Ruam 9: PCB

Yog tias koj nyiam kos koj tus kheej PCBs koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntawv rau luam tawm ntawm no. Kuv siv 10x10mm laub khawm rau cov yuam sij.

Coob leej neeg xav paub qhov twg los nrhiav cov nyees khawm nrog lub hau loj zoo. Ntawm no kuv tswj hwm kom pom cov khawm zoo sib xws koj tuaj yeem siv rau cov keyboard:

www.banggood.com/custlink/GvDmqJEpth

Lawv kuj yuav tsum haum rau ntawm daim ntawv qhia zaub mov!

Nov yog kev koom nrog txuas - koj them tus nqi ib yam li tsis muaj qhov txuas, tab sis kuv tau txais nyiaj haujlwm me me yog li kuv tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom ntxiv rau cov phiaj xwm tuaj:)

Txog tus xaiv lub capacitor, kuv tau siv lub taub hau kom kuv tuaj yeem hloov pauv sai sai.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, lub Circuit Court yog qhov yooj yim txaus kom koj tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke rau ntawm lub khob cij los yog cov laug cam ua ntej. Nws yuav yooj yim dua rau tinker nrog thiab pauv cov khoom sib txawv rau cov teebmeem sib txawv.

Txog tus hais lus Kuv rov ua dua qub lub khoos phis tawj sab hauv hais lus, Kuv ua qhov yooj yim 3D luam ntawv rau nws.

Kauj ruam 10: Ua tiav

Tam sim no koj cov synth tau ua tiav thiab koj yuav tsum ua qee qhov suab paj nruag txaus nrog nws!

Vam tias koj nyiam cov lus qhia. Zoo siab los tshuaj xyuas kuv lwm cov lus qhia thiab cov vis dis aus youtube!

Koj tuaj yeem ua raws kuv ntawm Facebook thiab Instagram

www.instagram.com/jt_makes_it nws

rau spoilers ntawm qhov kuv tab tom ua haujlwm tam sim no, tom qab qhov xwm txheej thiab lwm yam ntxiv!