Ua Tus Pov Hwm Pov Tseg Pi Nrog ML !: 8 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:24

Cov phiaj xwm pov tseg cov thoob khib nyiab, paub zoo tias "Nws mus qhov twg?!", Yog tsim los txhawm rau muab cov khoom pov tseg sai dua thiab ntseeg tau ntau dua.

Txoj haujlwm no siv Tshuab Kawm (ML) tus qauv kawm hauv Lobe, tus pib ua haujlwm zoo (tsis muaj tus lej!) ML tus tsim qauv, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas seb puas muaj ib yam khoom nkag mus rau hauv cov thoob khib nyiab, rov ua dua tshiab, zom ua dua tshiab, lossis pov tseg yam phom sij. Tus qauv ntawd raug thauj mus rau Raspberry Pi 4 khoos phis tawj kom nws siv tau txhua qhov chaw uas koj yuav pom cov thoob khib nyiab!

Phau ntawv qhia no taug koj txoj hauv kev los tsim koj tus kheej Cov Phiaj Xwm Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem ntawm Raspberry Pi los ntawm Lobe TensorFlow qauv hauv Python3.

Nyuaj Nyuaj: Pib ++ (qee qhov kev paub w/ circuits thiab coding pab tau)

Lub Sijhawm Nyeem Ntawv: 5 feeb

Ua Sijhawm: 60 - 90 feeb

Nqi: ~ $ 70 (suav nrog Pi 4)

Khoom siv:

Software (PC-sab)

• Lobe
• WinSCP (lossis lwm txoj hauv kev xa cov ntaub ntawv SSH, tuaj yeem siv CyberDuck rau Mac)
• Terminal
• Kev sib txuas ntawm Desktop lossis RealVNC

Kho vajtse

• Raspberry Pi, SD Card, thiab USB-C fais fab mov (5V, 2.5A)
• Pi Lub Koob Yees Duab
• Pushbutton

• 5 LEDs (4 qhov taw qhia LEDs thiab 1 xwm txheej LED)

  • LED daj: khib nyiab
  • Xiav LED: rov ua dua tshiab
  • Ntsuab LED: compost
  • Liab LED: pov tseg txaus ntshai
  • Dawb LED: xwm txheej
• 6 220 Ohm resistors
• 10 M-rau-M jumper xov hlau
• Breadboard, ib nrab-qhov loj me

Yog tias koj xaiv cov laug:

• 1 JST txuas, poj niam kawg nkaus
• 2 M-rau-F jumper xov hlau
• 10 F-rau-F jumper xov hlau
• PCB

Cov ntaub ntawv kaw

• Cov ntaub ntawv phiaj xwm (piv txwv li duab los qhia, ntoo, lossis lub thawv yas, kwv yees li 6 "x 5" x 4 ")

• 0.5 "x 0.5" (2cm x 2cm) yas yas square

  Piv txwv li los ntawm lub hau yas ntim khoom noj

• Velcro

Cov cuab yeej

• Hlau txiav
• Precision riam (piv txwv li riam tiag tiag) thiab txiav lev
• Soldering hlau (yeem)
• Kub yaj cov cuab yeej (lossis lwm yam kua nplaum uas tsis yog-epoxy ua haujlwm tau zoo tab sis nyob ruaj khov)

Kauj ruam 1: Ua ntej Peb Pib

Txoj haujlwm no xav tias koj tab tom pib nrog kev teeb tsa Raspberry Pi hauv lub taub hau teeb tsa. Nov yog cov lus qhia pib-phooj ywg yuav ua li cas.

Nws tseem pab kom muaj kev paub txog cov hauv qab no:

1. Kev paub nrog Raspberry Pi

   • Nov yog qhov yooj yim tau pib phau ntawv qhia!
   • Kuj pab tau: Pib nrog Pi lub koob yees duab

2. Nyeem thiab kho Python code (koj tsis tas yuav sau ib qho program, tsuas yog kho kom raug)

   Taw qhia Python nrog Raspberry Pi

3. Nyeem Fritzing thaiv kab duab

4. Siv lub khob cij

   Yuav ua li cas siv daim ntawv qhia zaub mov

Nrhiav seb koj lub thoob khib nyiab mus qhov twg

Txhua lub nroog thoob plaws Asmeskas (thiab kuv xav tias lub ntiaj teb) nws muaj nws tus kheej cov khib nyiab/rov ua dua tshiab/ua chiv/lwm yam. sau system. Qhov no txhais tau tias txhawm rau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov thoob khib nyiab kom raug, peb yuav xav tau 1) tsim tus qauv ML qauv (peb yuav npog qhov no hauv cov kauj ruam tom ntej - tsis muaj tus lej!) Thiab 2) paub tias txhua daim thoob khib nyiab mus qhov twg.

Txij li thaum kuv ib txwm tsis paub lub thawv rau khoom rau txhua yam khoom kuv tau siv los qhia kuv tus qauv, Kuv tau siv Seattle Utilities flyer (Daim Duab 1), thiab tseem siv qhov no "Nws mus qhov twg?" nrhiav cov cuab yeej rau lub nroog Seattle! Txheeb xyuas seb cov peev txheej twg muaj nyob hauv koj lub nroog koj los ntawm kev saib xyuas koj lub nroog cov khoom pov tseg cov khib nyiab thiab siv nws lub vev xaib.

Kauj Ruam 2: Tsim Tus Qauv ML Qauv hauv Lobe

Lobe yog ib qho cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim uas muaj txhua yam koj xav tau los coj koj lub tswv yim kev kawm tshuab mus rau lub neej. Qhia nws piv txwv ntawm yam koj xav kom nws ua, thiab nws tau txais kev cob qhia tus qauv siv tshuab kev cai uas tuaj yeem xa tawm mus rau cov cuab yeej thiab cov ntawv thov. Nws tsis xav tau kev paub dhau los kom pib. Koj tuaj yeem cob qhia koj tus kheej lub computer dawb!

Nov yog cov lus qhia ntxaws txog yuav siv Lobe li cas:

1. Qhib Lobe program thiab tsim txoj haujlwm tshiab.

2. Nqa lossis nqa cov duab thiab sau lawv rau hauv pawg tsim nyog. (Duab 1) Peb yuav xav tau cov ntawv no tom qab ntawm qhov software ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm.

Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los import cov duab:

1. Coj cov duab ntawm cov khoom ncaj qha los ntawm koj lub computer webcam, lossis

2. Ntshuam duab los ntawm cov ntawv uas twb muaj lawm hauv koj lub computer.

   Nco ntsoov tias lub npe daim duab lub npe yuav raug siv ua cov ntawv cim npe, yog li ua kom nws phim cov ntawv uas twb muaj lawm

Ib sab: Kuv tau siv ob txoj hauv kev, txij li ntau daim duab koj muaj, qhov tseeb ntawm koj tus qauv yog qhov tseeb dua.

3. Siv qhov "Ua Si" los ntsuas cov qauv raug. Hloov qhov nrug, teeb pom kev zoo, tes tuav tes, thiab lwm yam los txheeb xyuas qhov twg yog tus qauv thiab tsis raug. Ntxiv cov duab ntxiv raws li qhov tsim nyog. (Duab 3 - 4)

4. Thaum koj npaj txhij, xa koj li Lobe ML qauv hauv TensorFlow (TF) Lite hom ntawv.

Lub tswv yim:

• Ua ntej yuav xa cov duab, ua ib daim ntawv teev txhua pawg uas koj xav tau thiab yuav ua li cas koj thiaj li yuav lo rau lawv (piv txwv li "khib nyiab," "rov ua dua tshiab," "ua chiv," thiab lwm yam)

  Nco tseg: Siv tib daim ntawv raws li qhia hauv "Lobe Model Labels" daim duab saum toj no kom txo tus lej koj xav hloov

• Suav nrog ib qeb rau "tsis pov tseg" uas muaj cov duab ntawm lwm yam uas yuav muaj nyob hauv daim duab (piv txwv li koj txhais tes thiab caj npab, keeb kwm yav dhau, thiab lwm yam)
• Yog ua tau, thaij duab los ntawm Pi Camera thiab ntshuam rau hauv Lobe. Qhov no yuav txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm koj tus qauv!
• Xav tau duab ntxiv? Txheeb tawm cov ntaub ntawv qhib-qhov chaw ntawm Kaggle, suav nrog cov duab pov tseg ntawm cov khib nyiab no!
• Xav tau kev pab ntxiv? Txuas nrog Lobe Coommunity ntawm Reddit!

Kauj Ruam 3: Tsim Nws: Kho Vajtse

1. Ua tib zoo txuas Pi Lub Koob Yees Duab rau Pi (mus ntsib Pi Foundation tau pib qhia rau paub ntau ntxiv). (Duab 1)

2. Ua raws daim duab kab hluav taws xob txhawm rau txuas lub khawm thiab LEDs mus rau Pi GPIO tus pin.

• Pushbutton: Txuas ib sab ntawm lub laub khawm mus rau GPIO tus pin 2. Txuas rau lwm tus, ntawm tus tiv thaiv, mus rau GPIO GND tus pin.
• LED daj: Txuas qhov zoo (ntev dua) ceg rau GPIO tus pin 17. Txuas rau lwm ceg, ntawm tus tiv thaiv, mus rau GPIO GND tus pin.
• Blue LED: Txuas tus ceg zoo rau GPIO tus pin 27. Txuas rau lwm ceg, ntawm tus tiv thaiv, mus rau GPIO GND tus pin.
• Ntsuab LED: Txuas tus taw zoo rau GPIO tus pin 22. Txuas rau lwm ceg, ntawm tus tiv thaiv, mus rau GPIO GND tus pin.
• Liab LED: Txuas tus taw zoo rau GPIO tus pin 23. Txuas lwm ceg, ntawm tus tiv thaiv, mus rau GPIO GND tus pin.
• Dawb LED: Txuas tus taw zoo rau GPIO tus pin 24. Txuas lwm ceg, ntawm tus tiv thaiv, mus rau GPIO GND tus pin.

3. Nws raug nquahu kom ntsuas koj lub Circuit Court ntawm lub khob cij thiab khiav qhov haujlwm ua ntej yuav siv lub tshuab txuas lossis ua ib qho ntawm cov txuas txuas mus tas li. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, peb yuav tsum tau sau thiab xa peb cov software software, yog li cia mus rau qib tom ntej!

Kauj ruam 4: Code Nws: Software

1. Ntawm koj lub PC, qhib WinSCP thiab txuas rau koj Pi. Tsim Lobe nplaub tshev hauv koj lub Pi phau ntawv qhia tsev thiab tsim qauv nplaub tshev hauv cov npe ntawd.

2. Luag qhov tshwm sim Lobe TF nplaub tshev cov ntsiab lus mus rau Pi. Nco tseg ntawm txoj kab ntawv:/home/pi/Lobe/model

3. Ntawm Pi, qhib lub davhlau ya nyob twg thiab rub lub tsev qiv ntawv lobe-python rau Python3 los ntawm kev khiav cov lus txib hauv qab no:

pip3 nruab

pip3 nruab lobe

4. Rub lub Trash Classifier code (rpi_trash_classifier.py) los ntawm qhov repo no mus rau Pi (nyem rau "Code" khawm raws li qhia hauv Duab 1).

• Puas nyiam luam/muab tshuaj? Tau txais cov cai nyoos ntawm no.
• Xav rub tawm mus rau koj lub computer? Rub cov repo/code rau koj lub khoos phis tawj ces hloov Python code mus rau Pi ntawm WinSCP (lossis koj xav tau qhov kev pabcuam xa cov ntaub ntawv nyob deb).

5. Thaum koj tau txuas cov kho vajtse mus rau Pi's GPIO pins, nyeem los ntawm tus lej piv txwv thiab hloov kho txhua txoj hauv kev raws li xav tau:

• Kab 29: filepath rau Lobe TF qauv
• Kab 47 thiab 83: filepath txhawm rau ntes cov duab ntawm Pi Lub Koob Yees Duab

6. Yog tias tsim nyog, hloov kho tus qauv daim ntawv lo hauv cov cai kom phim cov ntawv cim hauv koj tus qauv Lobe (suav nrog cov ntawv loj, cov cim cim cim, thiab lwm yam):

• Kab 57: "khib nyiab"
• Kab 60: "rov ua dua tshiab"
• Kab 63: "compost"
• Kab 66: "qhov chaw pov tseg tsis zoo"
• Kab 69: "tsis pov tseg!"

7. Khiav qhov program siv Python3 hauv lub qhov rai qhib:

python3 rpi_trash_classifier.py

Kauj Ruam 5: Xeem Nws: Khiav Txoj Haujlwm

Txheej txheem cej luam

Thaum koj thawj qhov haujlwm, nws yuav siv qee lub sijhawm los thauj TensorFlow lub tsev qiv ntawv thiab Lobe ML qauv. Thaum qhov kev zov me nyuam npaj txhij los ntes cov duab, lub teeb pom kev zoo (dawb LED) yuav ua pa.

Thaum koj tau thaij duab, qhov kev zov me nyuam yuav sib piv cov duab rau Lobe ML qauv thiab tso tawm qhov kev twv ua ntej (kab 83). Cov zis txiav txim siab seb lub teeb twg tig rau: daj (khib nyiab), xiav (rov ua dua tshiab), ntsuab (ua paj laum), lossis liab (pov tseg pov tseg).

Yog tias tsis muaj qhov taw qhia LED qhib thiab cov xwm txheej LED rov qab mus rau hom mem tes, nws txhais tau tias cov duab raug ntes yog "tsis pov tseg", ua lwm yam, rov qab yees duab!

Capturing Ib Duab

Nias lub pob nyem kom ntes ib daim duab. Nco ntsoov tias koj yuav tsum tuav lub pob kom tsawg li 1s rau txoj haujlwm kom tso npe nias. Nws raug nquahu kom siv qee cov duab ntsuas, tom qab ntawd qhib lawv ntawm lub desktop kom nkag siab zoo dua lub koob yees duab saib thiab thav duab.

Txhawm rau tso cai rau tus neeg siv sijhawm los teeb tsa lub hom phiaj thiab rau lub koob yees duab teeb qib kom kho, nws yuav siv sijhawm txog 5s txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom pom cov duab. Koj tuaj yeem hloov cov teeb tsa no hauv cov cai (kab 35 thiab 41), tab sis nco ntsoov Pi Foundation pom zoo tsawg kawg 2s rau kev hloov kho lub teeb.

Teeb meem

Qhov kev sib tw loj tshaj plaws yog ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov duab uas pom yog qhov peb xav tau, yog li siv sijhawm los tshuaj xyuas cov duab thiab sib piv cov txiaj ntsig xav tau nrog cov cim qhia LED. Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem hla cov duab mus rau Lobe ML qauv rau kev qhia ncaj qha thiab sib piv sai dua.

Ob peb yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov:

• Lub tsev qiv ntawv TensorFlow yuav zoo li qee cov lus ceeb toom - qhov no yog qhov raug rau cov qauv siv hauv cov qauv piv txwv no.
• Cov ntawv twv ua ntej yuav tsum yog raws nraim li tau sau hauv led_select () muaj nuj nqi, suav nrog cov peev txheej, cov cim cim, thiab qhov sib nrug. Nco ntsoov hloov cov no yog tias koj muaj tus qauv Lobe sib txawv.
• Tus Pi xav tau lub zog ruaj khov. Pi lub hwj chim lub teeb yuav tsum ci, khov liab.
• Yog tias ib lossis ntau lub LEDs tsis tig thaum xav tau, kos los ntawm kev yuam lawv nrog cov lus txib:

red_led.on ()

Kauj Ruam 6: (Tsis teb los tau) Tsim Nws: Ua tiav Koj Li Circuit Court

Tam sim no peb tau sim thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, debugged, peb tes num kom nws ua haujlwm tau raws li qhov xav tau, peb tau npaj los txuas peb lub voj voog!

Nco tseg: Yog tias koj tsis muaj cov hlau txuas, koj tuaj yeem hla cov kauj ruam no. Ib txoj hauv kev yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov xaim sib txuas hauv cov kua nplaum kub (qhov kev xaiv no yuav tso cai rau koj kho/ntxiv/siv yam tom qab, tab sis feem ntau yuav tawg), lossis siv epoxy lossis cov kua nplaum zoo ib yam (qhov kev xaiv no yuav ruaj khov dua tab sis koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem siv Circuit lossis muaj peev xwm Pi tom qab ua qhov no)

Tawm tswv yim nrawm txog kuv qhov kev xaiv tsim (Duab 1):

• Kuv xaiv rau poj niam jumper xov rau LEDs thiab Pi GPIO vim tias lawv tso cai rau kuv tshem LEDs thiab pauv xim lossis txav lawv ib puag ncig yog xav tau. Koj tuaj yeem hla cov no yog tias koj xav tsim kev sib txuas tas mus li.
• Ib yam li ntawd, kuv tau xaiv JST txuas rau lub laub khawm.

Ntxiv mus rau lub tsev

1. Txiav txhua tus poj niam jumper xov hlau ib nrab (yog, txhua tus!). Siv cov hlua hluav taws xob, tshem tawm li 1/4 (1/2 cm) ntawm cov xaim hluav taws xob.

2. Rau txhua tus ntawm cov LEDs, siv lub 220Ω resistor rau qhov tsis zoo (luv dua) txhais ceg. (Duab 2)

3. Txiav ib qho me me, kwv yees li 1 (2cm) ntawm cov cua sov ntswj lub raj thiab thawb hla lub LED thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob. Ua kom ntseeg tau tias lwm tus tiv thaiv ceg tuaj yeem nkag tau, tom qab ua kom sov lub raj ntsws kom txog thaum nws ruaj khov. (Duab 3)

4. Ntxig txhua lub LED rau hauv ib khub ntawm cov poj niam jumper xov hlau. (Duab 4)

5. Sau daim ntawv xaim hluav taws xob (piv txwv nrog daim kab xev), tom qab ntawd muab cov hlua txuas txuas txuas mus rau koj lub rooj sib tham luam tawm (PCB). (Duab 5)

6. Tom ntej no, siv tus (txiav) poj niam jumper hlau txuas rau txhua tus LED rau nws tus lej Pi GPIO tus pin. Cov laug thiab daim ntawv lo lub jumper hlau kom cov hlau liab qab txuas mus rau qhov zoo ntawm LED ceg ntawm PCB. (Duab 5)

Nco tseg: Qhov twg koj xaim cov xaim no yuav nyob ntawm koj li txheej txheej PCB. Koj tseem tuaj yeem muab cov xaim no ncaj qha mus rau qhov zoo ntawm LED jumper hlau.

7. Solder 220Ω resistor rau qhov tsis zoo (dub) kawg ntawm JST txuas. (Duab 6)

8. Muab lub JST txuas thiab txuas rau lub laub khawm. (Duab 6)

9. Txuas M-rau-F jumper xov hlau ntawm lub laub khawm txuas thiab GPIO tus pin (ceeb toom: dub yog GND).

10. Tsho sib txuas PCB hauv cov kua nplaum kub lossis epoxy rau kev sib txuas ruaj ntseg dua.

Nco tseg: yog tias koj xaiv siv epoxy, koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem siv Pi's GPIO pins rau lwm txoj haujlwm yav tom ntej. Yog tias koj txhawj xeeb txog qhov no, ntxiv rau hauv GPIO ribbon cable thiab txuas cov xov hlau txuas rau qhov ntawd.

Kauj Ruam 7: (Tsis teb los tau) Tsim Nws: Case

Tsim lub thaiv rau koj Pi uas yuav tuav lub koob yees duab, khawm, thiab LEDs nyob rau qhov chaw thaum tseem tiv thaiv Pi. Tsim koj tus kheej lub thawv lossis ua raws li peb cov lus qhia tsim hauv qab no kom sai ua qauv ntawm lub thawv ntawv thawv!

1. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub thawv ntawv me me, taug qab cov chaw rau lub khawm, lub teeb pom kev zoo, teeb cim, thiab lub koob yees duab pi lub qhov rais (Duab 1).

   Nco tseg: Pi lub qhov rais lub koob yees duab yuav tsum yog txog 3/4 "x 1/2"

2. Siv koj rab riam kom raug, txiav tawm cov kab.

   Nco tseg: koj yuav xav sim qhov ntau thiab tsawg thaum koj mus (Duab 1)

3. Yeem: Xim rooj plaub! Kuv xaiv rau tshuaj tsuag xim:)
4. Txiav tawm ib lub kaum sab xis "lub qhov rais" npog rau Pi Lub Koob Yees Duab (Duab 4) thiab lo rau sab hauv ntawm lub thawv

5. Thaum kawg, txiav tawm qhov rau Pi fais fab cable.

   Pom zoo ua ntej teeb tsa txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob txhawm rau nrhiav qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws rau pi lub zog txuas hluav taws xob

Kauj ruam 8: Nruab thiab Tso Tawm

Qhov ntawd yog nws! Koj tau npaj rau nruab thiab xa koj qhov project! Muab lub thawv ntim rau saum koj lub thoob khib nyiab, ntsaws rau hauv Pi, thiab ua haujlwm kom tau txais txoj hauv kev sai dua, muaj kev ntseeg tau ntau ntawm kev txo peb cov pov tseg. Yay!

Mus Ntxiv

• Qhia tawm koj cov phiaj xwm thiab tswv yim nrog lwm tus neeg ntawm Lobe Reddit zej zog!
• Txheeb xyuas Lobe Python GitHub repo rau cov lus qhia dav dav txog yuav siv Python li cas txhawm rau nthuav dav ntau yam ntawm Lobe cov haujlwm
• Cov lus nug lossis kev thov ua haujlwm? Tawm lus tawm ntawm qhov haujlwm no lossis hu rau peb ncaj qha: [email protected]