Saib Xyuas Dav Hlau Siv Raspberry PI thiab DVB Stick: 3 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Yog tias koj nquag ya, lossis tsuas yog mob siab rau dav hlau, tom qab ntawd Flightradar lossis Flightaware yog 2 yuav tsum muaj cov vev xaib (lossis cov apps, vim tseem muaj cov ntawv thov siv xov tooj) uas koj yuav siv txhua hnub.

Ob qho no tso cai rau koj taug qab cov dav hlau hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag, saib cov dav hlau ya mus, ncua sijhawm, thiab lwm yam.

Cov vev xaib siv kev sib koom ua ke kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub dav hlau, tab sis tam sim no ADB-S cov txheej txheem dhau los ua neeg nyiam thiab nthuav dav ntau dua.

Kauj Ruam 1: Txoj Cai ADS-B

Kev saib xyuas tsis siv neeg, lossis tsis ntev ADS-B yog, raws li tau hais los ntawm wikipedia:

"Tsis Txaus Siab Kuaj Tus Kheej - Tshaj Tawm (ADS – B) yog lub koos pij tawj thev naus laus zis uas lub dav hlau txiav txim siab nws txoj haujlwm ntawm kev siv xov tooj cua qhia thiab tshaj tawm nws ib ntus, ua rau nws raug taug qab. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm lwm lub dav hlau los muab kev paub txog xwm txheej thiab tso cai rau kev sib cais ntawm tus kheej. lub dav hlau txoj kev taw qhia. [1]"

Koj tuaj yeem nyeem ntxiv txog nws ntawm no:

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_dependent_…

Cov kab ke nyuaj, rau cov uas xav paub cov ntsiab lus, Wikipedia yog lub hauv paus pib zoo.

Hauv qhov ua piv txwv, cov dav hlau xa mus rau 1090Mhz zaus ntau cov ntaub ntawv dav hlau, uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv raws li nrawm, qhov siab, nqe lus, squawk, kev tswj hwm uas tuaj yeem siv los ntawm kev tswj hauv av lossis lwm lub dav hlau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub dav hlau thiab nws yog txoj haujlwm tseeb.

Qhov no yog qhov txheej txheem thib ob rau cov radar uas ib txwm muaj, tab sis nws yuav raug nthuav qhia raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ntau thiab ntau huab cua khoom siv tes ua.

Cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem khaws cia ntawm cov neeg tau txais kev tso siab thiab xa mus rau cov vev xaib tshwj xeeb uas tsim 'nyob' cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub dav hlau.

Xws li webistes yog:

Flightradar

www.flightradar24.com/

Davhlauware

flightaware.com/

Kauj Ruam 2: Pub Cov Ntaub Ntawv Nrog Raspberry PI Tib Lub Tshuab Computer thiab DVB-T USB Stick

Cov vev xaib no feem ntau muab cov cuab yeej muaj peev xwm ntawm ADB-S txais tos uas yuav xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau lawv cov ntaub ntawv txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev pov hwm. Tau kawg, lawv muab nws tsuas yog thaum koj qhov chaw teeb tsa yuav nce qhov kev pab them nqi tam sim no.

Hauv kev sib pauv, koj yuav tau txais tus lej nyiaj tsis txwv uas tso cai rau koj kom nkag mus rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv nrog rau cov nyiaj pub dawb. Tau kawg, koj yuav tshem tawm cov tshaj tawm ib yam nkaus.

Tab sis koj tsis xav tau tus kws tshaj lij, thiab kim ADB-S receptor. Koj tuaj yeem tsim ib qho siv ob peb npib (tag nrho nws qis dua 100 $) siv ob peb yam khoom.

Muaj cov kev qhia zoo nyob rau ntawd, yog xav paub ntau ntxiv koj tuaj yeem sab laj cov vev xaib hauv qab no, Kuv tsuas yog sim ua cov ntsiab lus tawm ntawm qhov ntawd thiab tej zaum piav qhia ob peb cov ntsiab lus uas tau ploj hauv cov ntawv qhia no:

ferrancasanovas.wordpress.com/2013/09/26/d…

www.jacobtomlinson.co.uk/projects/2015/05/…

forum.flightradar24.com/threads/8591-Raspbe…

Cov txuas no tsuas yog tsom mus rau kev teeb tsa software, tab sis tsis tsom mus rau HW lossis teeb tsa kho tshuab. Kuv tseem yuav sim npog cov no thiab.

Yog li HW suav nrog Raspberry PI Ib lub tshuab computer. Tshwj tsis yog tias koj nyob ntawm Mars, tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov txog nws lawm, nws yog lub khoos phis tawj me me uas nrov heev uas tau mus txog tiam thib 3 lawm.

Tus qauv tshiab tshaj plaws muaj plaub tus tub ntxhais 1.2Ghz 64 ntsis CPU, ua yeeb yaj kiab, LAN, Wifi, Bluetooth, txhua yam rau 35 $ tus nqi muag:

www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-…

Tau kawg, hauv koj lub tebchaws koj yuav tsis tau nws pheej yig, tab sis nws tseem pheej yig piv rau qhov koj tuaj yeem ua nrog nws thiab zej zog loj npaum li cas koj tuaj yeem pom tom qab qhov ntawd.

Rau peb txoj haujlwm, siv tus qauv tshiab dhau los yog qhov ua rau tuag dhau, yog li ntawd thiab laus dua, tej zaum PI 1 tus qauv B yog ntau dua li txaus (Qhov no kuv kuj tau siv).

Nws kuj tseem zoo dua siv 1rst PI, vim nws muaj lub zog siv qis dua, yog li kuj tseem txo qis cua sov.

Txawm hais tias tsis xav tau rau kev siv ib txwm muaj, nws zoo dua rau nruab Raspberry nrog lub dab dej kub (tsawg kawg rau CPU), zoo li thaum kawg koj yuav nruab tag nrho teeb tsa rau hauv lub thawv pov thawj dej thiab teeb nws rau saum lub ru tsev, kom tau txais lub teeb liab zoo dua (uas txhais tau tias koj yuav tau txais kev pab zoo dua) thiab kab zoo-ntawm-pom. Koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom siv cua sov los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom uas tseem muag lub rooj tsavxwm nws tus kheej.

Kev txais tos ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua tiav nrog DVB-T dongle. Raws li tsis yog txhua tus qauv tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau 1090 zaus, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov chipset uas twb muaj lawm, RTL2832. Nws yooj yim mus nrhiav cov tuners ntawm Aliexpress los ntawm peb cov phooj ywg Suav rau ob peb duas las:

www.aliexpress.com/item/USB2-0-DAB-FM-DVB-T…

Cov koog no yuav siv ntau lub zog los ntawm USB chaw nres nkoj thiab ua haujlwm kub heev, thiab yog tias koj muaj Raspberry Pi tus qauv B (tsis yog 2 thiab 3) koj yuav nyiam cov teeb meem nrog lub hwj chim.

Kuv tau hloov kho kuv (tso 2 lub cua sov tso rau ntawm tus tuner IC thiab ntawm lub khoos phis tawj, thiab tseem tsim lub tshuab cua sov rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob IC uas muab 3.3V.

Tsis tas li, kuv tau txiav PCB los cuam tshuam cov khoom siv los ntawm USB chaw nres nkoj thiab muab ncaj qha rau DC-DC hloov pauv (ntau ntxiv txog qhov no tom qab).

Koj tuaj yeem pom cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov duab saum toj no, tab sis koj yuav xav tau qee qhov txuj ci los ua cov no. Yog tias koj tsis xav txiav PCB, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem ntsaws tus pas rau hauv lub zog USB txuas.

Tab sis kuj hauv qhov no, Kuv pom zoo kom tso cov cua sov tso rau hauv, vim li cas los xij, vim tsis muaj qhov cua nkag hauv qhov thaiv, thiab raug rau lub hnub ncaj qha, nws tuaj yeem kub dhau thiab hlawv tawm.

Rau lub thawv ntawv, Kuv tau siv IP67/68 lub thawv kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj dej nkag hauv chav. Kuv kuj tau tso tus kav hlau txais xov sab hauv rau hauv lub thawv, zoo li koj tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab saum toj no.

Ib yam nkaus los daws tau yog tau txais lub hwj chim hauv lub thawv thiab ethernet.

Raws li POE (Lub zog hla Ethernet) tau ua pov thawj zoo, Kuv tau siv tib lub cable kom ua tiav ob qho tib si. POE txhais tau tias koj yuav pub lub zog rau koj lub cuab yeej hla tib lub ethernet cable uas koj siv rau kev sib txuas lus.

Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws yog yuav ib khub cable/txuas txuas uas twb muaj kev sib txuas lawm. Tom qab qhov no, koj tsuas yog txuas 2 qhov xaus ntawm tus qauv CAT-5 UTP, lossis zoo dua, FTP cable. Qhov tom kawg yog qhov zoo dua, vim nws kuj muaj cov rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud.

www.aliexpress.com/item/POE-Adapter-cable-T…

Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias lub thawv tseem tsis muaj dej, kuv xav tau lub ethernet txuas uas muaj kev sib khi zoo

Hmoov zoo Adafruit muaj qee yam raws nraim rau lub hom phiaj no:

www.adafruit.com/products/827

Muaj qhov txheeb xyuas qhov no, txhua yam kuv xav tau ua yog txhawm rau ua kom tag nrho ntawm lub qhov thaiv uas kuv tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov txuas no.

Raspberry PI xav tau lub zog 5V ruaj khov, yog li USB lo ib yam nkaus. Muaj qee qhov kev paub nrog khoom siv hluav taws xob, Kuv xav tias ntawm UTP ntev cable, qhov poob qhov hluav taws xob yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb, yog li kuv tau siv 12v fais fab mov los pub lub zog rau hauv ethernet cable. Hauv lub thawv ntawv, Kuv tau siv 5A DC-DC hloov pauv kom txo qis qhov hluav taws xob kom ruaj khov 5V.

12v ua pov thawj tsis txaus ntawm 40m ntev cable, vim qhov poob qis ntawm kev siv siab (thaum Dvb-t lo pib ua haujlwm) ntau dhau thiab DC DC hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem tswj qhov hluav taws xob rau 5V. Kuv tau hloov lub 12v fais fab mov nrog ib qho uas muab 19V thiab lub sijhawm no nws zoo.

5V DC DC hloov kuv tau siv yog qhov no:

www.aliexpress.com/item/High-Quality-5A-DC-…

Koj tuaj yeem siv lwm tus ib yam nkaus, tab sis nco ntsoov tias nws yog hom hloov pauv DC DC hloov pauv, thiab tias nws tuaj yeem muab kev ua haujlwm ntev tsawg kawg 2.0Amps. Nws tsis raug mob kom tso tseg me ntsis ntawm qhov tshwj tseg, zoo li qhov no nws yuav txias dua …

Tam sim no txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog muab tso ua ke txhua qhov no, los ntawm POE txuas, txuas 19V tso zis rau DC-DC hloov pauv, siv tus ntsia hlau thiab lub ntsuas hluav taws xob los teeb tsa qhov hluav taws xob rau 5v, txuas lub micro USB cable rau qhov tso tawm. ntawm DC-DC hloov pauv thiab siv cov kab txuas ntxiv los ntawm lub hloov pauv mus rau 3.3V stabilizer los ntawm DVB-T dongle. Tsis yog txhua lub dongles muaj tib lub tswv yim, yog li koj yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav qhov no, tab sis nws feem ntau zoo ib yam hauv daim duab (uas muaj 2 lub xov hlau txuas nrog nws, daj thiab txho, 5V, gnd). Thaum koj nyob ntawm IC, tshawb rau cov ntawv teev npe hauv internet thiab koj yuav pom tus pinout.

Tsis txhob hnov qab txiav PCB ntawm 5V los ntawm USB txuas thiab IC, vim li ntawd nws tseem yuav tau pub los ntawm PI thiab qhov no tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo

Thaum kawg, kuv tus qub pa tau tsim cov khoom siv hlau uas lub thauv ntim tau ruaj khov.

Hauv daim duab saum toj no koj tuaj yeem pom txhua yam uas tau teeb tsa saum lub ru tsev ntawm lub tsev.

Kauj Ruam 3: Kev Txhim Kho Software

Hauv Flightradar lub rooj sab laj koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus qhia zoo yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhim kho tag nrho SW pob, txawm li cas los nws twb dhau lawm me ntsis, vim qee qhov tsis tas yuav tsum tau ua tam sim no.

forum.flightradar24.com/threads/8591-Raspbe…

Thaum xub thawj, koj yuav tsum teeb tsa Raspbian OS mus rau SDcards. (Kauj Ruam 1)

Tom qab ntawd, koj tsis tas yuav nruab RTL tus tsav tsheb, vim nws twb tau suav nrog hauv cov kernels tsis ntev los no. Tsis yog koj yuav tsum teeb tsa dump1090 cais, nws los nrog kev teeb tsa fr24feed.

Tab sis koj yuav tsum tau ua cov kauj ruam rau blacklist tus qauv dvb-t tus tsav tsheb, raws li txwv tsis pub dum1090 yuav tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog nws.

Tom qab qhov no ua tiav, rov pib dua PI thiab teeb tsa fr24feed program.

Txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog hloov kho qhov chaw cia thiab ntxiv ib qho los ntawm flightradar, thiab teeb tsa tag nrho pob, raws li tau piav qhia ntawm no:

forum.flightradar24.com/threads/8908-New-Fl…

Cov pob suav nrog dump1090, SW uas sib txuas lus nrog usb dongle thiab pub cov ntaub ntawv rau fr24feed thov. Qhov no yuav xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau FR24 cov servers (lossis piaware, yog tias koj teeb tsa lawv ob qho tib si).

Yog tias koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv thiab tweaking txog dump1090, koj pom cov lus piav qhia zoo ntawm no:

ferrancasanovas.wordpress.com/2013/09/26/d…

Thov hla ntu ntawm kev teeb tsa, raws li nws twb tau teeb tsa. Nkag mus rau PI ntawm ssh, thiab tshaj tawm ps -aux hais kom pom tias nws tau ua haujlwm thiab nrog qhov ntsuas twg.

Yog tias koj xav teeb tsa piaware ua ke nrog fr24feed, koj tuaj yeem ua nws, tab sis nco ntsoov tias tsuas yog ib qho ntawm lawv pib dump1090. Tsis tas li, nco ntsoov tias dump1090 ntws cov ntaub ntawv nyoos ntawm chaw nres nkoj 30005, txwv tsis pub piaware yuav tsis tuaj yeem txais cov ntaub ntawv.

Nco ntsoov sab laj cov log cov apps tsim, vim qhov no yuav pab koj hauv kev debugging yog tias qee yam tsis ua haujlwm raws li qhov xav tau.