Teeb Pom Kev Hmo Ntuj (los ntawm Kev Thov): 5 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:31

Cov neeg siv qhia siv Pagemaker muab qhov txuas rau ib qho kev sib txuas ntsais muag uas siv lub sijhawm 555, thiab thov cov ntaub ntawv hais txog yuav ua li cas koom nrog lub photoresistor txhawm rau ua kom lub Circuit Court kaw thaum nruab hnub. Ib qho ntxiv, Pagemaker xav siv ntau dua ib qho LED. Nws thawj daim ntawv tshaj tawm yog NTAWM NO. Cov lus qhia no yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau li ntawd.

Kauj Ruam 1: Saib ntawm Thawj 555 Circuit

Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tsim lub teeb ntsais ntsais thaum tsaus ntuj yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov qub Circuit Court, uas tuaj yeem pom ntawm no. Muaj ntau lub vev xaib uas yuav qhia koj txhua yam koj xav paub txog 555 timers, yog li kuv yuav tso qhov ntawd rau lwm tus. Nov yog ob qho ntawm kuv tus kheej qhov chaw nyiam ntawm 555 timers uas yuav ua rau koj pib: https://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/gadgets/555/555.htmlhttps://home.maine.rr.com/randylinscott /learn.htmBasically, nyob ntawm seb yam khoom sab nrauv (resistors thiab capacitors) peb siv, peb tuaj yeem hloov tus nqi ntsais muag.

Kauj Ruam 2: Xam qhov Desired Resistor Tus Nqi rau Peb Cov LEDs

LEDs tau tsav tam sim no. Lawv xav tau lub zog tam sim no txhawm rau ua haujlwm. Qhov nruab nrab LED liab muaj qhov ua haujlwm tam sim no txog 20 mA, yog li ntawd yog qhov chaw zoo pib. Vim tias lawv tau tsav tam sim no, qhov ci ci ntawm LED nyob ntawm tus nqi ntws tam sim no, thiab tsis yog qhov hluav taws xob poob thoob plaws LED (uas yog kwv yees li 1.5-1.7 volts rau koj qhov nruab nrab LED liab. Lwm qhov sib txawv). Qhov suab zoo, txoj cai? Cia peb cia li tso ib tuj ntawm tam sim no dhau los, thiab peb yuav muaj cov LEDs ci ntsa iab tshaj! Ntxiv ntau ntau tshaj qhov ntsuas tus nqi, thiab cov pa luam yeeb tau pib xau tawm: (Yog li peb ua dab tsi yog ntxiv qhov tiv thaiv tam sim no hauv cov kab nrog LED, uas kho qhov teeb meem. Rau peb lub Circuit Court, peb yuav muaj 4 LEDs hauv Peb muaj ob txoj kev xaiv rau peb cov resistor (s): Qhov Xaiv 1 - Tso tus tiv thaiv kab hauv ib kab nrog txhua LED Nrog rau qhov kev xaiv no, peb kho txhua LED sib cais. - V_d) / Kuv = RV_s = Qhov hluav taws xob (Hauv qhov no peb tab tom siv ob lub roj teeb AA nyob rau hauv, uas yog 3 volts) V_d = Qhov hluav taws xob poob thoob plaws peb cov LED (Peb tab tom xam txog 1.7 volts) Kuv = Tam sim no peb xav khiav los ntawm peb cov LED hauv AmpsR = Kev Kuj (tus nqi peb xav nrhiav) Yog li, peb tau txais: (3 - 1.7) / 0.02 = 65-65 ohms tsis yog tus qauv zoo heev, yog li peb yuav siv qhov loj me ntxiv, uas yog 68 ohms. ance, thiab txiav txim siab txhua tus yog li 85 ohms. Ntxiv qhov ntawd rau tus nqi tus neeg txais khoom tau txais peb txog 150 ohms ntawm txhua ntawm 4 qhov sib npaug. Tag nrho cov kev sib tw ua haujlwm sib luag yog 37.5 ohms (nco ntsoov tias kev tawm tsam hauv kev sib tw qis dua qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm ib qho ntawm ib qho). Vim li kuv = E / R peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias 3V / 37.5Ω = 80mADivide qhov nqi los ntawm peb 4 nodes, thiab peb pom tias peb tau txais kwv yees li 20 mA los ntawm txhua qhov, uas yog yam peb xav tau. Xaiv 2 - Tso tus tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog txhua pab pawg ntawm 4 qhov sib txuas ntawm LEDs Nrog rau qhov kev xaiv no, peb yuav kho txhua tus LEDs ua ke. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab tus nqi tiv thaiv kab, peb yuav tsum ua haujlwm me ntsis ntxiv. Txog tam sim no, peb paub tam sim no peb xav tau (2mA), qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob (3V), thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm peb cov LEDs hauv paralles (22.75Ω). Peb xav paub ntau npaum li cas kev tawm tsam xav tau kom tau txais tus nqi tam sim no peb xav tau. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, peb siv me ntsis ntawm algebra: V_s / (R_l + R_r) = IV_s = Tau qhov hluav taws xob (3 Volts) R_l = LED tsis kam (22.75Ω) R_r = Series tus nqi resitor, uas tsis paub I = Xav tau tam sim no (0.02A lossis 20mA) Yog li, ntsaws rau hauv peb qhov txiaj ntsig, peb tau txais: 3 / (22.75 + R_r) = 0.02Or, siv algebra: (3 / 0.02) - 22.75 = R_r = 127.25Ω Yog li, peb tuaj yeem tso ib qho resistor txog li 127Ω hauv koob nrog peb cov LEDs, thiab peb yuav tau teeb tsa. 4 resistors wehre ib qho yuav ua haujlwm zoo li ua dag.

Kauj Ruam 3: Tsaug Ntau LEDs

Txog tam sim no, peb tau txais peb cov kev rov zoo dua qub, tam sim no peb tuaj yeem ntsais ob peb LEDs ib zaug siv peb lub sijhawm qub Circuit Court, yooj yim los ntawm kev hloov tib qho LED thiab series resistor nrog peb cov tshiab resistor thiab teeb ntawm 4 parallel LEDs hauv qab no, koj Yuav pom ib qho schematic ntawm qhov peb tau txais kom deb li deb. Nws zoo li sib txawv me ntsis tshaj li qhov Circuit Court ntawm qhov txuas thawj, tab sis nws tsuas yog qhov tshwm sim xwb. Tsuas yog qhov sib txawv tiag tiag ntawm Circuit Court ntawm https://www.satcure-focus.com/tutor/page11.htm thiab ib qho hauv cov kauj ruam no yog tus nqi tiv thaiv rau tam sim no-txwv resistor, thiab qhov tseeb tias tam sim no peb muaj 4 LEDs nyob rau hauv parallel, ntau dua li tsuas yog ib leeg. Kuv tsis muaj tus tiv thaiv ntawm 127 ohms, yog li kuv siv qhov kuv muaj. Feem ntau peb xav kom kwv yees nce mus, xaiv qhov loj tshaj tom ntej resistor tus nqi txhawm rau txhawm rau xyuas kom peb tsis txhob tso ntau dhau tam sim no, tab sis kuv qhov kev tiv thaiv ze tshaj tom ntej yog ntau ntau, yog li kuv xaiv tus tiv thaiv me ntsis hauv qab peb suav tus nqi:(Peb tab tom ua tiav, tab sis peb tseem tsuas yog muaj cov teeb ntsais ntsais xwb.

Kauj Ruam 4: Ua Nws Hmo Hmo Ntuj

Txaus nrog qhov yooj yim ntsais! Peb xav kom nws ua haujlwm hmo ntuj, thiab nyob twj ywm thaum nruab hnub!

Yog lawm, cia peb ua. Peb xav tau ob peb yam ntxiv rau cov kauj ruam no: - Tus photoresistor (qee zaum kuj hu ua optoresistor) - NPN transistor (feem ntau ib qho yuav ua. Kuv tsis tuaj yeem nyeem daim ntawv lo ntawm qhov kuv tau xaiv, tab sis kuv tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tau) nws yog NPN) - Tus tiv thaiv A photoresistor tsuas yog tus tiv thaiv uas hloov nws tus nqi nyob ntawm seb siv lub teeb ntau npaum li cas. Hauv qhov teeb tsa teeb, qhov ua haujlwm yuav qis dua, thaum nyob hauv qhov tsaus ntuj, qhov kev tiv thaiv yuav siab dua. Rau tus kws yees duab kuv muaj ntawm tes, nruab hnub nrig tiv taus txog 500ÃŽÂ ©, thaum qhov kev tiv thaiv hauv qhov tsaus ntuj yog ze li 60kÃŽÂ ©, qhov sib txawv loj heev! Lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog lub cuab yeej siv tam sim no, uas yog qhov uas nws yuav tsum ua haujlwm kom raug, yuav tsum tau siv qee qhov tam sim no. Txog qhov haujlwm no, yuav luag txhua lub hom phiaj NPN transistor yuav ua. Qee qhov yuav ua haujlwm tau zoo dua li lwm qhov, nyob ntawm qhov xav tau tam sim no los tsav lub transistor, tab sis yog tias koj pom NPN, koj yuav tsum zoo mus. Hauv transistors, muaj peb tus pin: Base, emitter thiab collector. Nrog NPN transistor, lub hauv paus tus pin yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li cov emitter thiaj li ua rau transistor ua haujlwm. Lub tswv yim dav ntawm no yog tias peb xav siv qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kws yees duab los kho qhov ntau npaum li cas tam sim no tau tso cai ntws los ntawm LEDs. Vim tias peb tsis paub qhov tseeb tam sim no xav tau rau peb Transistor, thiab vim tias koj tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib txawv dua li kuv, tus nqi ntawm koj tus tiv thaiv hauv qib no (R4 hauv daim duab hauv qab no), yuav txawv dua li kuv li. Nov yog qhov kev sim tau los. 16k tsuas yog hais txog zoo meej rau kuv, tab sis koj lub Circuit Court yuav xav tau tus nqi sib txawv. Yog tias koj saib cov txheej txheem, koj yuav pom tias qhov kev tiv thaiv tus nqi ntawm photoresistor hloov pauv, yog li tam sim no dhau los ntawm tus lej pin. Hauv qhov xwm txheej tsaus ntuj, tus nqi ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog siab heev, yog li feem ntau tam sim no los ntawm V+ ntawm 555 Timer (V+ yog qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo) mus ob qho tib si ncaj qha mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm transistor, ua rau nws ua haujlwm, thiab rau LEDs. Hauv cov xwm txheej sib zog, tus nqi qis ntawm kev tiv thaiv hauv photoresistor tso cai ntau ntawm qhov tam sim no mus los ntawm V+ ntawm lub sijhawm ncaj qha rau DIS. Vim li no, tsis muaj tam sim no txaus los tsav lub transistor thiab LEDs, yog li koj tsis pom lub teeb ntsais muag. Tom ntej no peb yuav pom lub voj voog ua haujlwm!

Kauj Ruam 5: Teeb (lossis Tsis Yog), Lub Koob Yees Duab, Ua

Nov yog qhov tshwm sim Circuit Court, maj nroos ua ntawm lub khob cij. Nws yog ntxhab thiab dab tuag, tab sis kuv tsis quav ntsej. Lub voj voog ua haujlwm raws nraim qhov tsim. Koj yuav nco ntsoov tias thawj qhov Circuit peb tau ua haujlwm los ntawm cov npe 2.2uF tantalum capacitor. Kuv tsis muaj ntawm tes, thiab siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hloov pauv, thiab nws ua haujlwm tau zoo. Koj yuav pom hauv cov vis dis aus tias muaj lub luag haujlwm hloov pauv txog 90% (lub teeb nyob ntawm 90% ntawm lub sijhawm, thiab ntsais muag tawm rau 10% ntawm lub sijhawm). Qhov no yog vim los ntawm cov khoom siv sab nrauv (cov neeg tiv taus thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob) txuas rau 555 lub sijhawm. Yog tias koj xav hloov pauv lub luag haujlwm, thov tshuaj xyuas cov txuas uas kuv tau muab ua ntej. Yog tias muaj kev txaus siab, Kuv yuav sau ib qho kev qhia rau nws. Ua siab dawb los kho lossis nug ib lo lus nug. Kuv zoo siab los pab qhov twg kuv tuaj yeem ua tau.