STEM - Kev Tswj Lub Suab thiab Duab: 13 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:29

Ob peb xyoos dhau los nws tau dhau los ua yooj yim dua los ua ib yam dab tsi nrog lub suab lossis duab pom. Ob qho tib si tau siv ntau dua thiab ntau dua niaj hnub no. Thiab cov no yog cov ncauj lus nrov hauv DIY cov haujlwm. Feem ntau lub sijhawm tsim nrog software/API los ntawm ib lub tuam txhab hauv qab no:

• Google Lub Suab.
• Amazon Alexa.
• Microsoft Cognitive Services.

Muaj qee qhov khoom siv DIY, zoo li Google AIY Lub Suab Khoom los txhawb cov nyiam ua haujlwm. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom no siv Raspberry Pi lossis pawg thawj coj zoo sib xws. Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov no tsis haum rau cov neeg uas tsis paub yuav ua li cas thiaj lis tau cov lus programming, xws li Python.

Cov lus qhia no yog hais txog kev paub lub suab thiab duab OCR, yam tsis muaj kev paub txog hom lus programming. Txawm li cas los xij, kev xav txog kev xav tseem yog qhov xav tau. Qhov no yog Makeblock Neuron cov khoom lag luam tau siv, ua ke nrog kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig raws li kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig.

Cov khoom siv Neuron no tau pib ua qhov project Kickstarter hauv xyoo 2017. Nws yog Electronic Building Block Platform siv txhua hom hluav taws xob 'thaiv' uas tuaj yeem txuas nrog cov khoom sib nqus. Thiab yog lub hauv paus txhais tau tias yog STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, thiab Mathematics) cov khoom. Cov khoom no yog li ntawd tsom mus rau cov laj thawj kev xav thiab (kawm) rau program.

Muaj kwv yees li 30 yam sib txawv ntawm Neuron block. Xws li ntau hom kev sib kis thiab tus txais, cov nyees khawm, LEDs, sensors thiab lub cev muaj zog. Feem ntau tsuas yog sib tham nrog ib leeg. Tab sis ib qho ntawm cov thaiv, WiFi thaiv, tuaj yeem txuas nrog internet. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus siv internet xws li Microsoft Cognitive Services.

Thawj kauj ruam ntawm Cov Lus Qhia no pib nrog cov lus qhia luv luv txog Neuron cov khoom lag luam thiab yuav ua li cas rau lawv. Qhov no suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntws raws thiab qee qhov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj. Qhov no tau ua raws qee qhov piv txwv nrog Kev Pom Kev thiab Lub Suab. Thiab thaum kawg tus neeg hlau vaub kib me me. Uas tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev siv joystick. Nws muaj peev xwm siv lub suab lees paub nrog tus neeg hlau no. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm teb ntawm kev tswj lub suab yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.

Ntxiv rau ntawd muaj qee cov ntaub ntawv qhia paub ntxiv. Cov kauj ruam no muab cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los thiab muab kev nkag siab rau hauv Neuron cov khoom lag luam.

G os s e A d e m a

Kauj ruam 1: Neuron Explorer Kit

Neuron blocks zoo li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov xim ntawm txhua tus Neuron qhia nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Lub zog thiab kev sib txuas lus yog ntsuab; Cov tswv yim thaiv yog daj; Tswj thaiv yog txiv kab ntxwv; Thiab cov khoom tso tawm yog xiav. Txhua Neuron nws muaj nws tus kheej lub luag haujlwm, thiab lawv pib sib tham nrog ib leeg thaum lawv txuas nrog rau ib leeg.

Cov khoom tau pib ua qhov haujlwm Kickstarter thaum lub Plaub Hlis 2017. Thiab cov lus qhia no siv Cov Khoom Siv Explorer. Cov Khoom Siv no muaj cov ntu hauv qab no:

• Wi -nkaus (Neuron)
• Hwj chim (Neuron)
• Microphone & Hais Lus (USB)
• Coj Vaj Huam Sib Luag 8x8 RGB (Neuron)
• Joystick (Neuron)
• Pob (Neuron)
• Coj Sawb Tsav Tsheb (Neuron)
• Coj Sawb 50cm (15 LEDs)
• Dual DC Tsav Tsav Tsheb (Neuron)
• DC Tsav (2x)
• Lub Cev Muaj Zog (2x)
• Log (2x)
• Mini Log
• Dual Servo Tsav Tsav Tsheb (Neuron)
• Servo Tsav (2x)
• Kev Paub Suab (Neuron)
• Utrasonic Sensor (Neuron)
• Wireless Transmitter (Neuron)
• Wireless Txais (Neuron)
• Lub koob yees duab (USB)
• Laser Taw Qhia
• Neuron Board (4x)
• Hlau Hlau 10 cm (2x)
• Hlau Hlau 20 cm (2x)
• Micro USB Cable 20 cm (2x)
• Micro USB Cable 100 cm (2x)

Cov khoom siv no muaj txhua qhov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau txhua yam ntawm STEM cov phiaj xwm. Nws yog thawj lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb zoo li ua cov neeg hlau me. Tab sis lub koob yees duab thiab kev lees paub lub suab muab nws txoj hauv kev ntau dua li tsuas yog neeg hlau.

Txhua Neuron muaj cov hlau nplaum. Thiab tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm cov khoom siv hlau lossis ntawm cov laug cam Neuron.

Tsuas yog ib feem uas "ploj lawm" hauv Cov Khoom Siv Explorer no yog kab hauv qab lub ntsuas pa. Nov yog ib feem ntawm "Txhua Hauv Ib" Cov Khoom. Qhov ntsuas no yuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua qub, tsis txhob siv LED sawb lossis LED matrix.

Kauj Ruam 2: Neuron Blocks

Ntau qhov Neuron pob tau muag los ntawm Kickstarter phiaj xwm. Thiab tam sim no thawj pob khoom muaj rau kev muag khoom ib txwm muaj.

Muaj kwv yees li 30 qhov sib txawv, uas tuaj yeem txuas nrog ib leeg nrog cov khoom sib nqus sib nqus. Qhov no tsim kab kab. Uas sib tham nrog lwm tus los ntawm App (Android, iOS).

Muaj lub zog rov tuaj yeem thaiv uas ua rau txhua qhov txuas txuas. Thiab txhua qhov kev sib txuas lus muaj lub micro USB txuas, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua lub zog thaiv. Ib txoj saw hlau pib nrog kev sib txuas lus. Thiab yog tias qhov no tsis siv los ntawm USB, qhov thaiv tom ntej yuav tsum yog lub zog thaiv.

Lub zog kev sib txuas lus thaiv muaj xim ntsuab, thiab muaj 5 ntawm lawv:

• Fais fab.
• Wireless Txais.
• Wireless Transmitter.
• WiFi.
• BlueTooth.

App thiab Scratch program xav tau WiFi lossis BlueTooth txuas. 2 lub wireless txuas tuaj yeem siv rau cov phiaj xwm tswj hwm nyob deb nrog nrug deb.

Cov Khoom Siv Explorer muaj peb lub txiv kab ntxwv tswj tuav:

• Pob qhov rooj
• Joystick.
• Lub suab lees paub.

Thiab ob lub xim daj:

• Lub Koob Yees Duab
• Ultrasonic sensor

Tswj thiab ntsuas cov ntsuas ntsuas muab tswv yim rau koj qhov program. Lub pob qhov rooj muab tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm 0 thiab 100, thiab tuaj yeem siv ua lub dimmer lossis tswj lub nrawm ntawm lub cav. Tus joystick muab ob qhov tseem ceeb kaum -100 thiab 100, ib tus nqi rau txhua qhov kev coj. Lub ntsuas ntsuas ultrasonic ntsuas qhov nrug deb hauv centimeters. Tus nqi tso tawm yog nruab nrab ntawm 0 thiab 400.

Tsib qhov tso tawm xiav hauv cov khoom siv no yog:

• LED sawb tsav tsheb + Led sawb.
• LED vaj huam sib luag.
• DC Tsav Tsav Tsheb
• Servo Tsav Tsav Tsheb
• Microphone thiab Hais Lus

Cov ntawv tso tawm muaj ntau yam sib txawv. Qhov no tso cai rau ntau hom kev ua haujlwm sib txawv. Zoo li lub teeb LED, tus neeg hlau txav thiab/lossis lub kaw suab.

Txhua Neuron thaiv tau teev rau ntawm nplooj ntawv Kickstarter.

Kauj Ruam 3: Programming Neuron

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los siv Neuron block.

1. Offline.
2. Online nrog App.
3. Online nrog mBlock Kos.

Offline muaj txoj hauv kev yooj yim los qhia qhov sib txawv. Qhov no yuav tsum tsis muaj programming. Kev ua haujlwm online tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog App (Android/iOS) lossis khoos phis tawj program (mBlock 4.0). Lub WiFi thaiv muaj peev xwm txuag lub program. Txoj haujlwm no tseem ua haujlwm kom txog thaum nws raug tso tseg los ntawm App.

Lub App tau siv yooj yim dua li mBlock 4.0 software. Thiab tsis yog txhua qhov Neuron thaiv tam sim no muaj nyob hauv mBlock software.

Muaj qee daim npav nrog piv txwv cov phiaj xwm hauv Neuron lub thawv. Cov no tuaj yeem muab tso ua ke nrog kev pab los ntawm App, thiab qhia cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ntau yam thaiv.

Kauj ruam 4: Offline Hom

Hom no feem ntau yog txhais tau kom paub txog cov khoom, thiab nws tsis xav tau ib lub program.

Txhua lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm qhov thaiv hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm muab kev tso tawm rau cov thaiv txuas rau sab xis. Thiab txhua qhov thaiv thaiv tuaj yeem tau txais cov cim qhia los ntawm sab laug; Muab nws tso tawm; Thiab hla lub teeb liab nkag mus rau cov thaiv ntxiv txuas rau sab xis.

Los ntawm qhov no cov saw txuas ib txwm muaj ntau lub thaiv hauv qhov kev txiav txim ruaj khov: Lub hwj chim ntsuab thaiv; Lub daj lossis txiv kab ntxwv (nkag los yog tswj) thaiv; Thiab ib lossis ntau qhov kev tso tawm xiav. Thiab hom offline no tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis (nrog cov ntawv nyeem tau).

Ib qho tswv yim lossis tswj kev tswj hwm txhua qhov txuas hauv qab no. Thiab qhov tso tawm yog nyob ntawm hom kev nkag nkag. Piv txwv li: Lub pob qhov rooj ua zoo li lub dimmer thaum txuas nrog lub LED matrix. Thiab tus joystick qhia qhov kev taw qhia ntawm LED matrix. Cov teeb liab los ntawm ntau qhov thaiv cov tswv yim tsis tuaj yeem ua ke hauv hom offline. Tsuas yog lub teeb liab ntawm qhov thaiv kawg tau dhau mus rau cov khoom tso tawm.

Kev sib txuas ua ke cov tswv yim thiab/lossis kev tswj hwm yuav tsum muaj hom online (programming).

Kauj Ruam 5: Flow Based Programming

Thaum Neuron thaiv tau txuas nrog lub ntsiav tshuaj (iPad) lawv tau pib ua haujlwm hauv hom Online. Tam sim no txhua qhov txuas txuas tuaj yeem siv los cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg. Thaum txoj haujlwm ib puag ncig ntxiv cov haujlwm logic thiab lej.

Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tsim cov phiaj Neuron muaj nyob ntawm Makeblock lub vev xaib. Kuj tseem muaj lub rooj sab laj uas muab cov ntaub ntawv ntau. Vim tias cov khoom no yog qhov tshiab, muaj kev hloov kho tas li thiab ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Makeblock lub vev xaib.

Neuron App siv ntws raws cov phiaj xwm. Ntxiv nrog rau Neuron cov thaiv uas muab cov txiaj ntsig tso tawm lossis xav tau cov txiaj ntsig nkag, muaj txhua yam ntawm cov phiaj xwm sib txawv. Cov no tau muab faib rau ntau thaj chaw thiab tau muab tso rau ntawm cov tab sib txawv hauv App. Los ntawm lub neej ntawd, muaj 4 tabs:

• Yooj yim
• Tswj
• Sijhawm
• Advanced

Cov phiaj xwm no tuaj yeem siv tau yam tsis muaj Neuron thaiv.

Makeblock cov ntaub ntawv online qhia pom cov yam ntxwv ntawm App interface.

Logic thiab Lej

Cov no yog cov haujlwm yooj yim. Thiab muaj ib lossis ob lub tswv yim thiab ib qho txiaj ntsig tso tawm. Muaj ntau qhov kev suav yooj yim thiab kev sib piv.

Lub toggle muaj nuj nqi hloov pauv nws lub xeev txhua lub sijhawm nws tau txais 'Y'.

Zauv

Muaj ob tus lej lej, ib qho "yooj yim" thiab ib qho "tswj" version (lawv nyob ntawm cov tab sib txawv). Cov tswj hwm version yog tus lej ruaj khov, thaum tus lej yooj yim muaj lub xeev 'on' thiab 'off'. Qhov piv txwv hauv qab no qhia qhov sib txawv. Lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm ('Y') thiab tawm ('N') txhua ob. Cov zis ntawm tus lej ntsuab yog 5 thaum lub tswv yim yog 'Y', lwm tus nqi yog 0.

Txoj kab nkhaus qhia pom kab. Qhov ntawd muaj txiaj ntsig los qhia qhov txiaj ntsig sib txawv ntawm qhov tso tawm. Lwm cov cim qhia muaj txiaj ntsig yog daim ntawv lo thiab cov cim taw qhia.

Ib theem zuj zus

Cov ntu ua haujlwm rov ua dua lossis tsuas yog ib zaug thaum cov lus nkag yog 'Y'. Qhov no tso cai rau ua ntu zus ntawm kev nqis tes ua.

Cov ntu tau txais lub teeb liab thaum lub teeb qhib. Qhov tso tawm ntawm ib theem zuj zus raug xa mus rau qhov ntsuas.

Nco tseg cov xim ntawm kab: Cov kab xiav qhia txog qhov ntws tam sim no. Thiab lub vajvoog mus rau sab xis ntawm lub node ib txwm qhia qhov tso tawm tam sim no.

Nplai

Qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov txhais cov kab lus nkag mus rau ntau yam tso tawm. Piv txwv li 0 txog 100 tuaj yeem txhais ua tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm 0 thiab 255.

Qhov muaj txiaj ntsig siab tshaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov kev tawm tswv yim ua rau tus nqi siab dua qhov ntsuas siab tshaj plaws tso tawm! Cov lim tuaj yeem siv los txwv tus nqi.

Valve

Qhov no yog ib qho uas hla tus nqi nkag qis dua yog tias tus nqi nkag siab yog qhov tseeb. Qhov no tau piav qhia zoo tshaj nrog piv txwv:

Lub sijhawm ntsuab ntsuab hloov ntawm 0 thiab 1 txhua ib nrab thib ob. Lub suab ntawm qhov ntawm no yog visilbe ntawm daim duab sab saud. Cov ntshav mem tes ntshav muab cov sinus tso tawm, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm -255 thiab 255. Qhov no tau qhia rau ntawm kab ntawv qis.

Ob lub caij nyoog thiab qhov sinus tau nkag rau lub pob valve. Thiab tus nqi tso tawm yog 0 thaum tus nqi luv yog 'N'. Thaum tus nqi luv yog 'Y', tus nqi tso tawm sib npaug qhov sinus tus nqi nkag. Qhov no muab cov duab nruab nrab.

Kauj Ruam 6: Piv Piv Txwv

Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los qhia cov phiaj xwm ntws yog los ntawm qhov piv txwv. Qhov piv txwv no tsis siv Neuron thaiv. Thiab txhua tus tuaj yeem tsim qhov no tom qab rub tawm App. Qhib cov cai ib puag ncig thiab ua qhov haujlwm tshiab. Xaiv '(X)' thaum nug txog kev sib txuas, thiab pib ua haujlwm.

Tsuas yog rub cov kab uas xav tau mus rau thaj tsam program thiab txuas kab. Nyem rau ntawm cov nodes kom pom qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau, thiab hloov kho qhov tseem ceeb/teeb tsa.

Cov zis ntawm cov nyees khawm yog 'N' los ntawm lub neej ntawd. Nias lub pob muab tus 'Y' raws li cov zis. Qhov kev tso tawm no tau xa mus rau tus lej xov tooj tsis raug. Qhov no tsim tus lej tshiab (kaum ob 0 thiab 100) txhua lub sijhawm cov tswv yim muaj tus nqi 'Y' thiab dhau qhov tso tawm mus rau lwm qhov tom ntej (s).

Qhov sib piv ntawm qhov xav tau 2 lub tswv yim thiab xa tus nqi 'Y' yog tias qhov xwm txheej tau ua tiav. Qhov sib piv sab saud tshawb xyuas yog tias tus nqi ntawm A chaw nres nkoj loj dua tus nqi ntawm B chaw nres nkoj. Yog tias qhov no muaj tseeb lub teeb tig ntsuab. Tam sim no lub teeb qis yog ntsuab, vim tias 21 qis dua 23.

Nws xav tau qee qhov kev coj ua los ua txoj haujlwm no. Qhov kom zoo dua yog tias koj tsis tas yuav xav txog cov syntax ntawm cov cai. Thiab txhua qhov qhia txog nws tus nqi tso tawm. Ib qho ntxiv, cov kab xiav sawv cev rau cov ntaub ntawv ntws.

Kauj Ruam 7: Tswj Duab

Muaj ob qhov Neuron thaiv uas tuaj yeem txuas rau WiFi thaiv los ntawm kev siv USB cable: Lub koob yees duab thiab lub microphone/hais lus. Ob lub cuab yeej yog USB li niaj zaus thiab tuaj yeem txuas nrog lub PC. Lub koob yees duab xav tau qee tus neeg tsav tsheb ntxiv, tab sis tus hais lus ua haujlwm zoo li tus neeg hais lus USB ib txwm muaj.

Lub koob yees duab tab thiab lub cim tshwm nyob hauv lub app thaum lub koob yees duab txuas rau WiFi thaiv. Lub cim qhib lub qhov rai saib ua ntej nrog lub koob yees duab cov duab.

Muaj daim duab/lub koob yees duab sab hauv lub koob yees duab tab. Qhov no siv daim duab thaum muaj lub teeb liab nkag nrog tus nqi 'Y' (muaj tseeb). Tom qab tso qhov no rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm qhov program nws muaj peb qho kev xaiv (nyem rau ntawm qhov):

• Duab Ncej
• OCR
• Emoticon Test

Cov duab thav duab qhia qhov tso tawm ntawm lub yees duab. Peb lub node tom ntej no muab "lub koob yees duab yees duab". Lub koob yees duab siv daim duab thaum lub pob nyem (qhov no muab 'Y' raws li tso tawm). Thiab qhov no tau qhia sab hauv daim duab. Cov duab tau khaws cia sab hauv WiFi thaiv, tab sis tau sau dua thaum siv daim duab tshiab.

Nws muaj peev xwm siv lub sijhawm teem rau kev nkag mus rau lub koob yees duab, tab sis tsis txhob ua lub sijhawm luv luv (> 1 thib ob). Lwm qhov WiFi thaiv tsis tuaj yeem lis cov ntaub ntawv, thiab dai ib ntus.

OCR ntawm qhov txhais cov duab rau cov ntawv. Qhov no siv Microsoft cov kev paub paub. WiFi thaiv yuav tsum txuas nrog internet, thiab App yuav tsum txuas nrog rau WiFi thaiv.

Txoj haujlwm tom ntej yuav siv daim duab thaum lub pob nyem. Daim duab no tau nthuav tawm thiab ua tiav los ntawm OCR qhov chaw. Cov zis tau muab piv los ntawm peb phau ntawv-sib piv ntawm cov. Cov no txheeb xyuas qhov txiaj ntsig "ib", "ob" thiab "peb". Thiab txhua tus nqi qhia pom cov duab sib txawv ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag LED. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm OCR ntawm qhov tseem pom los ntawm "daim ntawv lo" ntawm qhov. Qhov no qhia "Tsis" (Tsis raug) thaum tsis muaj ib yam twg raug lees paub.

Cov kab xiav qhia cov ntaub ntawv ntws sab hauv qhov program. Thiab tus 'Y' thiab 'N' tom qab txhua lub node sawv cev nws tus nqi tso tawm. Qhov no yooj yim daws teeb meem hauv ib qho program. Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov tso tawm ntawm LED matrix tsis tshwm nyob hauv App.

Qhov kev xaiv lub koob yees duab zaum kawg yog qhov kev ntsuas lub cim xeeb. Qhov no txhais lub ntsej muag ntawm daim duab rau hauv kev xav.

Cov piv txwv saum toj no yog yooj yim, tab sis lawv qhia lub hauv paus ntsiab lus. Cov logic ntxiv thiab cov neuron blocks tuaj yeem ntxiv los tsim cov haujlwm nyuaj

Kauj Ruam 8: Kev Paub Lub Suab (Microphone)

Ntxiv rau lub koob yees duab, lub microphone / hais lus Neuron tuaj yeem txuas nrog WiFi thaiv. Qhov no tuaj yeem siv los sau thiab rov ua suab tawg. Kev txuas Neuron no muab ib qho ntxiv "suab" tab hauv App.

Cov ntaub ntawv kaw cia tsuas yog kaw lub suab yog tias lub tswv yim yog "Y", qhov no xav tau lub pob lossis hloov pauv. Cov kaw suab tawg yog qhov tso tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kaw tseg. Ntxiv rau "ua suab" node tam sim ua si qhov tso tawm no. ua ib tug parrot:

Nyem rau ntawm lub microphone hais lus muab 2 txoj hauv kev: "lub suab rau cov ntawv" thiab "khaws cov ntaub ntawv".

Qhov "khaws cov ntaub ntawv" ntawm qhov khaws cov ntaub ntawv audio ntawm cov ntaub ntawv system sab hauv WiFi Thaiv. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau sau dua tshiab txhua lub sijhawm pib sau cia tshiab.

Qhov "Ua suab" ntawm lub peev xwm tuaj yeem ua suab tawm tswv yim, tab sis nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem xaiv lub suab lossis cov ntaub ntawv kaw tseg. Nws yuav tsum muaj lub tswv yim ua kom pib lub suab muab. Thiab nws nres tam sim thaum lub tswv yim yog 'N' (tsis tseeb). Cov piv txwv hauv qab no yog ib hom xov tooj cua. Lub khawm sab saud ua rau kaw suab thiab khawm qis ua yeeb yaj kiab no.

Lub suab rau tekst xaiv ntawm lub suab ntawm lub microphone siv Microsoft lub peev xwm kev paub los txhais cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv rau cov ntawv. Daim ntawv lo ntawm lub peev xwm muaj peev xwm ua kom pom cov zis. Cov ntaub ntawv thiab ua suab suab tsis tas yuav txhais lub suab rau hauv ntawv. Tab sis cov no muaj txiaj ntsig thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm los tshuaj xyuas qhov tso tawm.

Kev debug ntawm cov yam ntxwv no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev nkag mus rau WiFi thaiv (cov yam ntxwv siab dua).

[2018-01-19 23:00:35] [WARN] Thov tus tuav 'suab server' tau hu:

Nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas ntau lo lus. Thiab qhov sib piv ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li lub koob yees duab OCR.

Qee zaum tib lo lus muab cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv. Piv txwv li: "nyob zoo" yuav muab ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no: "nyob zoo" lossis "hais lus zoo". Qhov no xav tau ntau cov ntawv nyeem nrog cov zis zoo ib yam:

Nco tseg: Lub ntsiab lus siv tsis raug rau lus yog lus Askiv.

Kauj Ruam 9: Kev Paub Lub Suab (Neuron)

Nov yog kev mob siab rau Neuron los hloov lub suab rau ntawv nyeem. Nws lees txais 22 cov lus txib uas nyuaj-coded sab hauv thaiv thiab Neuron code:

var COMMAND = {'Qhib lub teeb': 3, 'Tig Liab': 4, 'Tig Xiav': 5, 'Tig Ntsuab': 6, 'Tig Dawb': 7, 'Ntau lub teeb': 8, 'Tsawg lub teeb': 9, 'Teeb tawm': 10, 'Tsav Tsheb Mus Los': 11, 'Tsav Tsheb Rov Qab': 12, 'Ceev Kom Zoo': 13, 'Ceev Cia': 14, 'Kev Hlub': 15, 'Luag Ntxhi': 16, 'Npau Suav': 17, 'Tu Siab': 18, 'Pob zeb thiab yob': 19, 'Hluav Taws Kub': 20, 'Game game pib': 21, 'Winter is coming': 22, 'Start': 23, 'Shut down': 24};

Qhov thaiv no tsuas lees paub lus Askiv. Thiab nws yuav tsum tau hais kom raug. Tsis muaj chaw ntau rau qhov ua yuam kev. Thiab txawm tias lub suab google txhais lub suab tawm tsis ib txwm qhib qhov hais kom ua. Tab sis kev siv Google rab hmuv tseem yog qhov pib zoo. Pib nrog "Nyob Zoo Makeblock", "Nyob Zoo Makeblok" thiab/lossis "Helo makeblok". Ua raws los ntawm "lub caij ntuj no los txog" lossis "tig ntsuab".

Cov lus txib no tau siv hauv cov cai ntawm thawj daim duab hauv qib no. Qhov ntsuas ntawm sab xis ntawm lub suab hais kom ua yog 'Y' (muaj tseeb). Qhov no qhia tau tias cov lus txib tau lees paub.

Nws yuav siv qee qhov kev xyaum ua haujlwm nrog Neuron no. Hmoov zoo, qhov thaiv rov ua cov lus tom qab tau txais ib qho (Nws muaj tus hais lus thiab lub microphone).

Kauj Ruam 10: Tus LEGO Turtle Tswj Chaw Taws Teeb

Neuron Explorer Cov Khoom Siv muaj 2 DC lub cev muaj zog thiab 2 lub cav servo. Qhov no hu rau tus neeg hlau: Ib lub vaub kib peb lub log. Nws siv lub cav thiab lub log los ntawm cov khoom siv nrog qee qhov LEGO ua cov thav duab.

Muaj 8 kab teeb, nyob rau hauv txoj kev ncig, txuas rau saum toj ntawm tus ncej no. Cov kab teeb no muab kev txhawb nqa rau LED sawb. Peb daim phiaj Neuron sib nqus tau muab tso rau saum 8 kab. Cov no tuav cov ntu neuron hauv qab no:

• Wireless Txais
• Fais fab
• 10 cm kab
• Servo motor tsav tsheb
• DC tsav tsheb
• LED sawb tsav tsheb
• 10 cm kab

Qhov kawg 10 cm cable txuas nrog lub ntsuas ultrasonic, uas tau muab tso rau ntawm lub taub hau ntawm tus vaub kib. Lub taub hau no suav nrog plaub qhov sib nqus Neuron board. Thaum kawg, tus Tsov tus tw suav nrog servo lub cev muaj zog, nrog lub teeb lego txuas rau nws.

Qhov tshwm sim zoo li "xov hlau thiab hluav taws xob" nkaus xwb, tab sis daim ntaub thaiv vaub kib npog yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Neeg hlau tuaj yeem tswj tau nrog tus joystick. Qhov no xav tau WiFi (lossis Bluetooth) thaiv, Joystick thiab Wireless transmitter. Cov chaw taws teeb tswj xav tau USB lub zog siv. Tsuas muaj ib lub zog thaiv uas muaj, uas yog sab hauv tus neeg hlau.

Thawj daim duab qhia pom qhov ua haujlwm tau rau tus neeg hlau no. Lub joystick txuas nrog DC lub cav thaiv. Nce/nqis kom nrawm thiab sab laug/sab xis rau kev qhia.

Qhov tso tawm ntawm lub ntsuas hluav taws xob ultrasonic yog piv nrog tus nqi ntawm 100 cm. Yog tias qhov nrug deb dua, tom qab ntawd xim ntsuab/daj tau qhia ntawm txhua LEDs. Cov xim tig liab/txiv kab ntxwv thaum qhov kev poob qis dua 100 cm.

Tus Tsov tus tw siv tus tes taw ntawm -180 txog 180. Ib qho ABS ua haujlwm ua rau tus nqi tsis zoo. Tus nqi no raug xa mus rau lub cav servo, thiab tus Tsov tus tw pib wagging.

Los ntawm kev sib txuas cov neuron block thiab cov haujlwm ua haujlwm nws muaj peev xwm los sau cov haujlwm nyuaj dua. Qhov nrawm ntawm tus Tsov tus tw tuaj yeem nyob ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm tus neeg hlau lossis tus neeg hlau tuaj yeem nres yog tias lub ntsuas ntsuas ultrasonic ntsuas tsawg dua 30 cm.

Kauj ruam 11: Vaub kib 2.0

Tus vaub kib LEGO yav dhau los tuaj yeem yooj yim dua los ntawm kev siv ib daim duab los qhia/ntoo. Kuv tau siv ib daim ntawm 8 hli plywood. Siv tus lej jigsaw los tsim lub voj voog nrog txoj kab uas hla 19 cm. Laum txhua qhov nrog 4, 8 hli laum. Siv lub laum thiab jigsaw los tsim cov square qhib. Cov no yog rau cov log thiab cov xov hlau.

Kuv tau siv LEGO ntu los txuas ntu Neuron rau hauv phaj ntoo. Muaj qee qhov sib txuas sib txuas sab hauv Cov Khoom Siv Explorer. Tab sis nws tseem tuaj yeem siv m4 ntsia hlau rau feem ntau ntawm kev sib txuas.

Ob lub DC motors (nrog lub log) tau txuas rau hauv qab (cov duab liab liab tsaus). Ib yam li lub log tsheb tom qab (duab plaub dub). LEGO thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis tau siv rau kev ncua deb ntxiv ntawm lub phaj thiab lub log tom qab. Peb plaub fab plaub fab yog rau cov laug Neuron sib nqus. Plaub lub tshuab Neuron sib nqus plaub yog siv rau lub taub hau/ultrasonic sensor (duab plaub fab txiv kab ntxwv). Qhov lub voj voog liab qhia qhov chaw ntawm LED sawb. Siv cov roj hmab me me (cov hlua khi) txhawm rau txhawm rau LED-sawb.

Tus neeg hlau no ua haujlwm nrog tib tus lej zoo li LEGO vaub kib.

Kauj Ruam 12: Software Sab Hauv

Kev tsim cov Neuron blocks yog ib qho yooj yim, tsis tas yuav sau ib tsab cai. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yog li ntawd tsuas yog rau cov neeg siv qib siab. Nws muab qee qhov kev nkag siab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Neuron cov khoom.

Nplooj ntawv Makeblock Github muaj Neuron code. Koj tuaj yeem rub nws thiab tshawb xyuas cov cai. Nws tau sau hauv Javascript thiab siv nodeJS.

WiFi thaiv yuav tsum txuas nrog internet. Thaum App txuas rau SID ntawm WiFi thaiv nws tau txais tus IP chaw nyob los ntawm WiFi thaiv. Cov thaiv WiFi tam sim no ua zoo li lub qhov rooj.

WiFi thaiv tus IP chaw nyob yog 192.168.100.1. Muaj tus webserver khiav ntawm chaw nres nkoj 80 uas qhia kev teeb tsa kev teeb tsa (password = makeblock). Qhov no tso cai hloov ntau qhov chaw thiab kev xaiv.

Koj tuaj yeem hloov lub sijhawm thiab/lossis WiFi SSID. Tab sis ceev faj, muaj cov ntaub ntawv me me txog lwm qhov chaw.

Cov Kev Pabcuam/Network qhia tab qhia tag nrho cov kev sib koom hauv network. Kuv tau ua qhov sib koom ntxiv "Server" rau "/tmp/run/mountd/mmcblk0p1/neurons-server" nplaub tshev. Cov ntawv tais ceev tseg no (thiab cov ntawv tais ceev tseg) muaj tag nrho cov log-, suab- thiab duab-cov ntaub ntawv.

Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas txhua cov ntaub ntawv nrog Windows file explorer. Qhib qhov "\ 192.168.100.1 / Server" qhia muab nyeem-nkag mus rau txhua cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Neuron cav. Xws li cov ntaub ntawv teev npe server:

ntaus ntawv uuid: 6A1BC6-AFA-B4B-C1C-FED62004

sim mqtt.connect txuas nrog iot huab ok… [2018-01-19 22:56:43] [WARN] serverLog-Thov tus tswj 'suab server': {"startRecord"} [2018-01-19 22:56:43] [WARN] serverLog-pib sau [2018-01-19 22:56:45] [WARN] serverLog-Thov tus tswj 'suab server': {"stopRecord"} [2018-01-19 22:56:45] [WARN] serverLog - nres cov ntaub ntawv [2018-01-19 22:56:46] [WARN] serverLog - Thov tus tswj 'suab server': {"speakerRecognize"} thovSpeech tau: nyob zoo

Cov ntaub ntawv config.js muaj txhua qhov chaw. Qhov no suav nrog Microsoft Keys thiab qib teev tam sim no. Cov no tuaj yeem hloov kho, tab sis nco ntsoov khaws daim ntawv theej ntawm daim ntawv qub.

Cov theem teev tseg tsis raug yog "WARN". Qhov no tuaj yeem hloov kho thaum xav tau:

* `loglevel`: lub loglevel teeb tsa, yuav tsis sau cov cav uas muaj feem qis dua teeb tsa.

*tam sim no txhawb nqa loglevel*** TRACE **,*** DEBUG **,*** INFO **,*** WARN **,*** ERROR **,*** FATAL **

Kuv tau ua qhov nyeem nkaus xwb network sib qhia. Kev nyeem-sau qhia ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tso cov duab-j.webp

Kuj tseem muaj ssh server khiav ntawm chaw nres nkoj 22. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau hauv Linux plhaub. Siv Putty txuas rau 192.168.100.1 thiab nkag mus nrog cov hauv paus neeg siv thiab tus lej zais ua rau thaiv. Tab sis yuav tsum ceev faj.

Cov thaiv WiFi khiav OpenWrt. Nov yog Linux faib rau cov cuab yeej siv. Neuron software nyob hauv "/tmp/run/mountd/mmcblk0p1/neurons-server" directory.

Nws muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm rau feem ntau ntawm Neuron thaiv nrog mBlock software. Qhov no xav tau version 4.0.4 ntawm software. Microsoft cov kev pabcuam tsis muaj nyob rau hauv qhov khawb no. Lub suab lees paub Neuron, uas tsis xav tau cov kev pabcuam no, tuaj yeem siv tau. MBlock Version 5 tsis txhawb nqa Neuron blocks ntawm lub sijhawm no (Lub Ib Hlis 2018).

Neuron code thaiv muaj nyob hauv Robots (xiav) ib feem. Thiab mBlock software muaj qhov kom zoo dua uas tsis yog tsuas yog cov txuas txuas tuaj yeem siv tau. Nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab los siv cov thaiv uas koj tsis muaj, tab sis qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm sau cov cai yam tsis muaj Neuron block txuas nrog.

Tus password tsis raug yuav tsum tau hloov thaum Neuron tau siv ntawm qhib WiFi network.

Kauj Ruam 13: Sab Hauv Khoos Phis Tawj

Cov ntaub ntawv kho vajtse no yog rau cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yav dhau los nkaus xwb. Nws tsis tau raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm Makeblock!

Feem ntau kho vajtse los ntawm Makeblock cov khoom tau sau tseg zoo. Tab sis tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv kho vajtse ntau txog Neuron cov khoom. Muaj qee cov duab ntawm Kickstarter tab sis qhov no qhia pom sab hauv ntawm tus qauv. Qhov no tsuas yog muaj ib lub USB txuas, thiab cov khoom tiag muaj ob lub USB txuas.

Lub vev xaib sab hauv hauv WiFi thaiv qhia tawm cov cuab yeej siv tiag rau qhov thaiv no. Nws yog MediaTek LinkIt Ntse 7688. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm pawg thawj coj no yog:

• Khiav OpenWrt Linux thiab txhawb kev txhim kho daim ntawv thov hauv Python, Node.js thiab haiv neeg C programming lus.
• Siv MT7688AN ua MPU ib leeg thiab txhawb nqa ob txoj haujlwm - IoT rooj vag thiab IoT ntaus ntawv hom
• Txhawb Wi-nkaus, USB tus tswv thiab SD daim npav.
• Pin-out rau PWM, I2C, SPI, UART, Ethernet, thiab I2S.
• Txhawb nqa txog 256MB RAM nrog rau daim npav SD ntxiv.

Linux cov ntaub ntawv kab ke qhia sab hauv disk cia:

hauv paus@makeblock_linkit: ~# df -h

Cov Ntaub Ntawv Cov Ntaub Ntawv Loj Siv Tau Siv Siv Mounted ntawm rootfs 17.9M 644.0K 17.3M 4% / /dev /root 12.8M 12.8M 0 100% /rom tmpfs 61.7M 812.0K 60.9M 1% /tmp /dev /mtdblock6 17.9M 644.0K 17.3M 4%/overlay overlayfs:/overlay 17.9M 644.0K 17.3M 4%/tmpfs 512.0K 0 512.0K 0%/dev/dev/mmcblk0p1 1.8G 101.4M 1.7G 5%/tmp/run/mountd/mmcblk0p1/

Muaj lub disk ntim npe mmcblk01 sab hauv. Lub npe no feem ntau yog siv rau daim npav nco. Nws zoo li muaj 2 Gbyte SD daim npav sab hauv (1.7 Gbyte + 256 Mbyte rau LinkIt 7688).

Cov pogo pins muaj 4 txuas: Ib qho rau VCC, ib qho rau hauv av thiab ob qho rau kev sib txuas lus. Neuron thaiv tej zaum sib tham nrog I2c raws tu qauv. Yuav tsum muaj Arduino lub rooj sib tham sib haum sab hauv txhua lub paj hlwb.