Cov txheej txheem:

Roj teeb Powered Tube Amplifier: 4 Cov Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)
Roj teeb Powered Tube Amplifier: 4 Cov Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

Video: Roj teeb Powered Tube Amplifier: 4 Cov Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

Video: Roj teeb Powered Tube Amplifier: 4 Cov Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)
Video: Musicians talk about Buckethead 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Roj teeb Powered Tube Amplifier
Roj teeb Powered Tube Amplifier

Tube amplifiers tau hlub los ntawm cov kws ntaus kis las vim yog qhov tsis zoo mloog uas lawv tsim tawm.

Lub tswv yim tom qab qhov kev tsis txaus ntseeg no yog tsim kom muaj lub tshuab raj qis wattage raj, uas tuaj yeem nqa mus ncig ua si thaum mus. Txog hnub nyoog ntawm cov neeg hais lus bluetooth, nws yog lub sijhawm los tsim qee lub portable, roj teeb siv lub raj siv lub tshuab raj.

Kauj Ruam 1: Xaiv Cov Tub, Hloov Chaw, Roj Teeb thiab Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Xaiv Cov Tub, Transformers, Roj Teeb thiab Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob
Xaiv Cov Tub, Transformers, Roj Teeb thiab Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Tubes

Vim tias lub zog siv hluav taws xob hauv cov raj siv hluav taws xob yog qhov teeb meem loj, kev xaiv lub raj kom raug tuaj yeem txuag lub zog ntau thiab ua rau cov sijhawm ua si nruab nrab ntawm kev rov ua haujlwm. Qee lub sij hawm ntev dhau los muaj cov roj teeb siv roj teeb, uas siv hluav taws xob me me mus rau lub dav hlau. Lawv qhov txiaj ntsig zoo yog qhov qis dua cov ntsiab lus tam sim no. Daim duab qhia pom kev sib piv ntawm peb lub roj teeb siv lub raj, lub 5672, 1j24b, 1j29b thiab lub raj me me uas siv hauv guitar preamps, EF86

Cov raj uas xaiv tau yog:

Preamp thiab PI: 1J24B (13 mA filament tam sim no ntawm 1.2V, 120V max. Phaj voltage, russian ua, pheej yig)

Hwj chim: 1J29B (32 mA filament tam sim no ntawm 2.4V, 150V max. Phaj voltage, Lavxias ua, pheej yig)

Cov zis hluav taws xob

Rau cov teeb tsa qis zog no tuaj yeem siv cov hloov pauv pheej yig dua. Qee qhov kev sim nrog kab hloov pauv tau pom tias lawv zoo heev rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob me me, qhov twg qhov kawg hauv qab tsis yog qhov muaj feem thib. Vim tias tsis muaj huab cua sib txawv qhov hloov pauv ua haujlwm tau zoo dua hauv kev rub-rub. Qhov no tseem xav tau ntau lub kais dej.

100V kab hloov pauv, 10W nrog cov kais dej sib txawv

(0-10W-5W-2.5W-1.25W-0.625W thiab ntawm qib 4, 8 thiab 16 ohms)

. Luckily tus hloov pauv kuv kuj tau muaj tus naj npawb ntawm qhov tig ntawm qhov winding tau teev tseg, txwv tsis pub qee qhov lej yuav xav tau los txheeb xyuas cov kais dej txaus thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws muaj. tus hloov pauv muaj cov lej hauv qab no ntawm txhua tus kais (pib ntawm sab laug):

725-1025-1425-2025-2925 ntawm thawj thiab 48-66-96 tig rau theem ob.

Ntawm no nws tuaj yeem pom tias 2.5W kais yuav luag nyob hauv nruab nrab, nrog 1425 tig ntawm ib sab thiab 1500 ntawm lwm qhov. Qhov sib txawv me me no tuaj yeem yog teeb meem hauv qee qhov loj dua, tab sis ntawm no nws tsuas yog ntxiv rau qhov tsis sib xws. Tam sim no peb tuaj yeem siv 0 thiab 0.625W cov kais dej rau anodes kom tau txais qhov siab tshaj plaws muaj.

Qhov sib piv thawj mus rau theem thib ob yog siv los kwv yees thawj qhov kev cuam tshuam raws li:

2925/48 = 61, nrog tus hais lus 8 ohm qhov no muab 61^2 *8 = 29768 lossis kwv yees. 29.7k anode-rau-anode

2925/66 = 44, nrog tus hais lus 8 ohm qhov no muab 44^2 *8 = 15488 lossis kwv yees. 15.5k anode-rau-anode

2925/96 = 30, nrog tus hais lus 8 ohm qhov no muab ^2 *8 = 7200 lossis kwv yees. 7.2k anode-rau-anode

Vim tias peb npaj siab yuav ua qhov no hauv chav kawm AB qhov tsis zoo uas lub raj pom tau pom tsuas yog 1/4 ntawm qhov suav tus nqi.

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab

Txawm tias cov raj me me no tseem xav tau cov hluav taws xob ntau dua ntawm cov phaj. Hloov chaw siv ntau lub roj teeb hauv koob, lossis siv cov roj teeb loj 45V qub Kuv tau siv lub zog hloov pauv me me (SMPS) raws li ib puag ncig MAX1771 nti. Nrog rau SMPS no kuv muaj peev xwm muab qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm cov roj teeb rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig siab li 110V yam tsis muaj teeb meem.

Roj teeb

Cov roj teeb uas tau xaiv rau txoj haujlwm no yog Li-Ion roj teeb, tau yooj yim hauv 186850 pob. Muaj ntau lub rooj them nqi hluav taws xob muaj nyob online rau cov no. Ib qho lus ceeb toom tseem ceeb yog yuav tsuas yog paub cov roj teeb zoo, los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom ntseeg, kom tsis txhob raug xwm txheej.

Tam sim no hais tias cov ntu tau hais ntxaws nws yog lub sijhawm los pib ua haujlwm ntawm Circuit.

Kauj Ruam 2: Ua haujlwm ntawm Circuit

Ua haujlwm ntawm Circuit Court
Ua haujlwm ntawm Circuit Court
Ua haujlwm ntawm Circuit Court
Ua haujlwm ntawm Circuit Court
Ua haujlwm ntawm Circuit Court
Ua haujlwm ntawm Circuit Court

Filaments

Txhawm rau ua kom lub cev muaj zog filaments cov txheej txheem tau xaiv. Muaj qee qhov nyuaj uas yuav tsum tau tham.

  • Vim tias lub preamp thiab lub raj fais fab muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob tam sim no resistors tau ntxiv hauv koob nrog qee cov filaments kom hla ib feem ntawm qhov tam sim no.
  • Lub roj teeb hluav taws xob poob thaum lub sijhawm siv. Txhua lub roj teeb tau pib 4.2V thaum them tas. Lawv tso tawm sai sai rau tus nqi kwv yees ntawm 3.7V, qhov uas lawv maj mam txo mus rau 3V, thaum nws yuav tsum tau rov ua dua.
  • Cov raj muaj cua sov ncaj qha cathodes, lub ntsiab lus tias cov phaj tam sim no ntws los ntawm cov ntsiab lus, thiab sab tsis zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib xws rau qhov hluav taws xob cathode

Cov txheej txheem filament nrog voltages zoo li qhov no:

roj teeb (+) (8.4V txog 6V) -> 1J29b (6V) -> 1J29b // 300ohms (3.6V) -> 1J24b // 1J24b // 130 ohms (2.4V) -> 1J24b // 1J24b // 120 ohms (1.2V) -> 22 ohms -> Roj teeb (-) (GND)

qhov twg // sawv cev hauv kev teeb tsa sib luag thiab -> hauv koob.

Cov resistors hla dhau qhov ntxiv tam sim no ntawm cov filaments thiab anode tam sim no ntws ntawm txhua theem. Txhawm rau kwv yees qhov tseeb ntawm anode tam sim no nws yog qhov tsim nyog los kos lub loadline ntawm theem thiab xaiv qhov chaw ua haujlwm.

Kwv yees qhov ua haujlwm taw tes rau cov raj fais fab

Cov raj no los nrog cov ntawv qhia yooj yim, qhov twg cov kab nkhaus tau npaj rau lub vijtsam daim phiaj hluav taws xob ntawm 45V. Txij li thaum kuv txaus siab rau qhov tso zis ntau tshaj plaws uas kuv tuaj yeem tau txais, Kuv txiav txim siab khiav lub raj fais fab ntawm 110V (thaum them tas), txoj kev siab dua 45V. Txhawm rau kov yeej qhov tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv siv tau kuv tau sim siv tus qauv txuj lom rau cov raj siv xim_kip thiab tom qab ntawd nce qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm lub vijtsam thiab pom dab tsi tshwm sim. Paint_kip yog software zoo, tab sis yuav tsum muaj qee qhov txuj ci los nrhiav qhov raug. Nrog pentodes qib nyuaj kuj tseem nce ntxiv. Txij li thaum kuv tsuas xav tau qhov kev kwv yees ntxhib Kuv tsis siv sijhawm ntau los nrhiav qhov tseeb cnfiguration. Qhov ntsuas rig tau tsim los ntsuas qhov sib txawv teeb tsa.

OT Impedance: 29k phaj-rau-phaj lossis kwv yees. 7k rau chav kawm AB ua haujlwm.

High voltage: 110V

Tom qab qee qhov kev suav thiab sim ntsuas qhov tsis sib xws qhov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem txhais tau. Txhawm rau ua kom tau txais cov kab sib chaws xaiv tau sib sib zog nqus daim kab xev resistor txuas nrog lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, thawj 1J29b nyob ntawm B+ qhov hluav taws xob ntawm 6V. Los ntawm kev txuas cov kab sib chaws tawm mus rau lub node nruab nrab ntawm 1J24b theem, ntawm 2.4V qhov ua kom cov phiaj hluav taws xob yog -3.6V cuam tshuam nrog kab GND, uas yog tus nqi zoo ib yam pom ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm 1J29b thib ob. Yog li, daim phiaj xau tiv thaiv tus thib ob 1J29b tuaj yeem mus rau hauv av, zoo li nws ib txwm xav tau hauv lwm qhov kev tsim qauv.

Theem inverter

Raws li pom nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem, ib theem paraphase inverter tau ua tiav. Hauv qhov no ib qho ntawm cov raj muaj kev sib koom ua ke thiab hloov pauv lub teeb liab rau ib qho ntawm cov theem tso tawm. Lwm theem ua raws li qib nce ib txwm. Ib feem ntawm qhov tsis sib xws tsim hauv Circuit Court los ntawm theem inverter poob qhov sib npaug thiab tsav ib lub raj fais fab hnyav dua li lwm qhov. Qhov faib hluav taws xob ntawm cov theem tau xaiv kom qhov no tsuas yog tshwm sim ntawm 45 degrees kawg ntawm tus tswv ntim. Cov resistors qhov twg tau sim thaum lub Circuit Court tau saib xyuas nrog oscilloscope, qhov twg ob lub cim tuaj yeem muab piv.

The preamp theem

Ob lub raj 1J24b kawg suav nrog cov kab hluav taws xob preamplifier. Ob leeg muaj tib lub ntsiab lus ua haujlwm txij li cov filaments nyob ua ke. 22 ohms resistor ntawm cov ntsiab lus thiab hauv av nce qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus muab ua qhov tsis zoo me me. Hloov chaw xaiv cov phaj resistor thiab suav cov ntsiab lus tsis ncaj ncees thiab qhov tsim nyog cathode voltage thiab resistor, ntawm no cov phaj resistor tau hloov kho raws li qhov xav tau nce thiab kev tsis ncaj ncees.

Nrog rau Circuit Court xam thiab sim nws yog lub sijhawm los ua PCB rau nws. Txog cov txheej txheem thiab PCB Kuv siv Eagle Cad. Lawv muaj cov dawb version uas ib tus tuaj yeem siv tau txog 2 txheej. Txij li thaum kuv tab tom mus rau lub rooj tsavxwm kuv tus kheej nws tsis muaj kev nkag siab siv ntau dua 2 txheej. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab PCB nws yog thawj qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tsim cov qauv rau cov raj. Tom qab qee qhov kev ntsuas kuv tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov sib nrug ntawm cov pins thiab tus pin anode nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub raj. Nrog cov txheej txheem npaj nws yog lub sijhawm los pib tsim tiag!

Kauj Ruam 3: Kuaj thiab Kuaj Cov Hluav Taws Xob

Soldering thiab Kuaj Cov Hluav Taws Xob
Soldering thiab Kuaj Cov Hluav Taws Xob
Soldering thiab Kuaj Cov Hluav Taws Xob
Soldering thiab Kuaj Cov Hluav Taws Xob
Soldering thiab Kuaj Cov Hluav Taws Xob
Soldering thiab Kuaj Cov Hluav Taws Xob
Soldering thiab Kuaj Cov Hluav Taws Xob
Soldering thiab Kuaj Cov Hluav Taws Xob

SMPS

Ua ntej muab tshuaj txhuam tag nrho cov khoom siv ntawm Switched hom fais fab mov. Rau nws ua haujlwm kom raug cov khoom tsim nyog yog xav tau.

  • Tsawg ntawm kev tiv thaiv, siab voltage Mosfet (IRF644Pb, 250V, 0.28 ohms)
  • Tsawg ESR, siab tam sim no inductor (220uH, 3A)
  • Tsawg ESR, qhov hluav taws xob tso hluav taws xob siab (10uF txog 4.7uF, 350V)
  • 0.1 ohm 1W resistor
  • Ultrafast high voltage diode (UF4004 rau 50ns thiab 400V, lossis txhua yam nrawm dua rau> 200V)

Vim tias kuv tab tom siv MAX1771 nti ntawm qhov qis dua hluav taws xob (8.4V txog 6V) Kuv yuav tsum nce tus inductor rau 220uH. Txwv tsis pub qhov hluav taws xob yuav poob qis. Thaum SMPS tau npaj tiav Kuv tau ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tso tawm nrog lub ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab hloov nws mus rau 110V. Hauv qab nws yuav poob me ntsis thiab yuav tsum tau kho dua tshiab.

Raj Circuit

Kuv pib soldering lub jumpers thiab Cheebtsam. Ntawm no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tshuaj xyuas yog tias cov dhia tsis tau kov ib qho ntawm cov ceg. Cov raj tau muab muag ntawm sab tes ua haujlwm tom qab tag nrho lwm cov khoom siv. Nrog txhua yam soldered Kuv tuaj yeem ntxiv SMPS thiab sim lub Circuit Court. Thawj thawj zaug kuv kuj tau tshuaj xyuas qhov hluav taws xob ntawm cov paib thiab cov ntxaij vab tshaus ntawm lub raj, tsuas yog kom ntseeg tau tias txhua yam tau ua tiav.

Charger

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob them hluav taws xob kuv yuav ntawm ebay. Nws yog nyob ib puag ncig TP4056 nti. Kuv Siv DPDT txhawm rau hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom sib txuas thiab teeb tsa lub roj teeb thiab txuas mus rau lub roj teeb lossis txuas rau lub rooj tsav xwm hauv Circuit Court (saib daim duab).

Kauj Ruam 4: Kaw, Grill thiab Faceplate thiab Ua tiav

Image
Image
Kaw, Hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab Faceplate thiab Ua tiav
Kaw, Hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab Faceplate thiab Ua tiav
Kaw, Hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab Faceplate thiab Ua tiav
Kaw, Hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab Faceplate thiab Ua tiav
Kaw, Hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab Faceplate thiab Ua tiav
Kaw, Hniav nyiaj hniav kub thiab Faceplate thiab Ua tiav

Lub Thawv

Txhawm rau lub thawv no lub tshuab raj kuv xaiv siv lub thawv ntoo qub. Txhua lub thawv ntoo yuav ua haujlwm, tab sis hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej kuv muaj qhov zoo tiag tiag los ntawm ammeter. Lub ammeter tsis ua haujlwm, yog li kuv tuaj yeem tsawg kawg cawm lub thawv thiab tsim qee yam tsis zoo hauv nws. Tus hais lus tau teeb tsa ntawm sab nrog cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub uas tso cai rau ammeter kom txias thaum siv.

Lub cev hniav nyiaj hniav kub

PCB nrog cov raj tau kho nyob rau sab nraud ntawm tus hais lus, qhov uas kuv laum lub qhov kom cov hlab pom sab nraud. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov hlab kuv tau ua cov hniav me me nrog cov ntawv txhuas. Kuv ua qee cov qhab nia ntxhib thiab ua rau lub qhov me me. Txhua qhov ua tsis tiav tau raug kho thaum lub sijhawm xuab zeb. Txhawm rau muab qhov sib piv zoo rau lub ntsej muag kuv tau xaus xim nws dub.

Lub ntsej muag, xuab zeb, hloov pauv toner, kos thiab txhuam dua

Lub ntsej muag tau ua zoo ib yam li PCB. Ua ntej kuv pib, kuv tau txhuam cov ntawv txhuas kom muaj qhov rougher nto rau lub toner. 400 yog ntxhib txaus hauv qhov no. Yog tias koj xav tau koj tuaj yeem mus txog 1200 tab sis nws yog qhov ntau ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab tom qab cov ntawv yuav muaj ntau dua, yog li kuv hla qhov ntawd. Qhov no tseem tshem tawm qhov ua tiav uas daim ntawv tau ua yav dhau los.

Kuv tau luam tawm daim iav ntsej muag nrog lub tshuab luam ntawv toner ntawm daim ntawv ci. Tom qab ntawd kuv hloov daim duab uas siv cov hlau qub. Nyob ntawm cov hlau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas kub zoo. Hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej, nws yog qhov teeb tsa thib ob, ua ntej qhov max. kub. Kuv hloov nws thaum 10 min. kwv yees, kom txog thaum ntawv pib daj tuaj. Kuv tos nws kom txias thiab tiv thaiv sab nraum qab ntawm phaj nrog ntsia hlau.

Muaj qhov ua tau tsuas yog txau hla lub toner. Nws tseem muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo yog tias koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm txhua daim ntawv. Kuv siv dej thiab phuam so tshem daim ntawv. Tsuas yog ceev faj tsis txhob tshem lub toner! Vim tias qhov tsim ntawm no tau ntxeev kuv yuav tsum kos daim npog ntsej muag. Muaj kev kawm nkhaus hauv kev kos, thiab qee zaum koj cov kev daws teeb meem muaj zog lossis tsis muaj zog, tab sis feem ntau thaum cov ntawv zoo li tob txaus nws yog lub sijhawm nres. Tom qab etching kuv xuab zeb nws pib nrog 200 thiab nce mus txog 1200. Feem ntau kuv pib nrog 100 yog tias cov hlau tsis zoo, tab sis qhov no xav tau thiab twb tau zoo lawm. Kuv hloov cov ntawv xuab zeb ntawm 200 txog 400, 400 txog 600 thiab 600 txog 1200. Tom qab ntawd kuv pleev xim nws dub, tos ib hnub thiab rov ua dua nrog 1200 lis piam, tsuas yog tshem cov xim ntau dhau. Tam sim no kuv drilled qhov rau cov potentiometers. Ua kom tiav nws kuv siv lub tsho dawb.

Tiav tiav

Cov roj teeb thiab cov khoom tau raug muab ntsaws rau hauv lub thawv ntoo tom qab lub ntsej muag raug teeb tsa, los ntawm tus hais lus. Txhawm rau nrhiav txoj haujlwm SMPS zoo tshaj Kuv tau qhib nws thiab txheeb xyuas qhov twg lub suab hluav taws xob yuav tsis cuam tshuam ntau. Txij li lub rooj sib tham lub suab me me ntau dua li lub thawv qhov tsim nyog qhov sib txawv thiab kev qhia kom raug yog txaus los ua EMI suab nrov tsis hnov lus. Tus neeg hais lus baffle tau muab ntsaws rau hauv qhov chaw thiab lub tshuab raj tau npaj ua si.

Qee qhov kev xav

Nyob ze rau lub roj teeb kawg muaj qhov pom pom poob qis, ua ntej kuv tsis hnov nws, tab sis kuv lub ntsuas ntsuas pom tias qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob qis qis los ntawm 110V txog 85V. Cov cua sov tso hluav taws xob poob kuj tseem txo nrog lub roj teeb. Hmoov zoo 1J29b ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj teeb meem kom txog thaum cov ntsiab lus mus txog 1.5V (nrog 2.4V 32mA teeb tsa). Tib yam mus rau 1J24b, qhov twg qhov hluav taws xob poob qis rau 0.9V thaum lub roj teeb yuav luag tag. Yog tias qhov hluav taws xob poob qis yog teeb meem rau koj, muaj peev xwm siv lwm MAX nti los hloov pauv mus rau qhov ruaj khov 3.3V qhov hluav taws xob. Kuv tsis xav siv nws, vim nws yuav yog lwm qhov SMPS hauv Circuit no, uas tuaj yeem qhia qee qhov ntxiv suab nrov.

Xav txog lub roj teeb lub neej, Kuv tuaj yeem ua si tag nrho lub lim tiam ua ntej kuv yuav tsum tau rov ua nws dua, tab sis kuv tsuas ua si li 1 txog 2 teev hauv ib hnub.

Pom zoo: