Txheeb Xyuas Roj Teeb Nrog Qhov Kub thiab Xaiv Roj Teeb: 23 Cov Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:27

Roj teeb muaj peev xwm ntsuas.

Nrog rau cov cuab yeej no koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lub zog ntawm 18650 roj teeb, kua qaub thiab lwm yam (lub roj teeb loj tshaj kuv tau sim Nws yog 6v Acid roj teeb 4, 2A). Qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov ntsuas yog hauv milliampere/teev.

Kuv tsim cov cuab yeej no vim xav tau Nws txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub peev xwm cuav roj teeb hauv Suav teb.

Rau kev nyab xeeb, Kuv ntxiv, siv lub ntsuas cua sov, ntsuas kub ntawm lub zog tiv thaiv thiab roj teeb txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom kub dhau, nrog qhov ua kom yuam kev no kuv tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas 6v Acid Battery tsis muaj hluav taws kub lub rooj tsavxwm (hauv lub voj voog ntawm kev tso tawm qee lub sijhawm mus rau lub zog kub resistor thiab lub cuab yeej tos 20 vib nas this los txo qhov kub).

Kuv xaiv me micro tswj atmega328 tau tshaj nano (eBay).

Tag nrho cov cai nyob ntawm no.

Kauj Ruam 1: Hloov Los Ntawm Qhov Project

Kuv nyiag lub tswv yim los ntawm txoj haujlwm OpenGreenEnergy, thiab kuv rov ua lub rooj tsavxwm ntxiv cov yam ntxwv, yog li tam sim no dhau los ua neeg dav dua.

v0.1 ua

• VCC ntawm Arduino tam sim no tau suav nrog;
• Ntxiv qhov sib txawv los hloov kev teeb tsa hauv txoj kev yooj yim dua.
• Ntxiv qhov feem pua ntawm kev tso tawm
• Ntxiv qhov kub ntawm roj teeb thiab lub zog tiv thaiv

v0,2 ib

• Ntxiv qhov ua tau ntawm kev xaiv roj teeb
• Tsim pawg thawj coj saib (saib cov txheej txheem), nrog lub vijtsam, khawm thiab hais lus sab nraud ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm vim yav tom ntej kuv xav tsim lub pob.
• Ntxiv kev tswj hwm qhov ntsuas kub kom tsawg rau lub zog tiv thaiv yog li kuv tuaj yeem thaiv cov txheej txheem thaum qhov kub nce siab tshaj 70 ° (dhau qhov ntsuas kub lub zog tiv thaiv resistor derating).

v0,3 ib

Los sai sai no pawg thawj coj los ntawm qhov kev pabcuam no

Kauj Ruam 2: V0.2 ntawm Pawg Thawj Coj

Hauv v0.2 txhawm rau txhawb ntau hom roj teeb, Kuv tsim cov qauv uas yuav tsum tau sau nrog lub npe roj teeb, qhov hluav taws xob tsawg thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws (Kuv xav tau kev pab sau nws: P).

// Tus qauv ntawm lub roj teeb ntaus ntawv BatteryType {char name [10]; ntab maxVolt; ntab minVolt; }; #define BATTERY_TYPE_NUMBER 4 BatteryType batteryTypes [BATTERY_TYPE_NUMBER] = {{"18650", 4.3, 2.9}, {"17550", 4.3, 2.9}, {"14500", 4.3, 2.75}, {"6v Acid", 6.50, 5.91 }};

Tam sim no kuv siv teeb tsa ntawm 10k resistors rau qhov faib hluav taws xob kom nyeem ob npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas kub sib piv. Yog tias koj xav hloov kev txhawb nqa hluav taws xob, koj yuav tsum hloov tus nqi no (piav qhia zoo dua tom ntej):

// Roj teeb hluav taws xob tsis kam

#define BAT_RES_VALUE_GND 10.0 #define BAT_RES_VALUE_VCC 10.0 // Hwj chim resistor voltage tsis kam #define RES_RES_VALUE_GND 10.0 #define RES_RES_VALUE_VCC 10.0

Yog tias koj tsis siv thermistor, teeb qhov no mus tsis tseeb:

#define USING_BATTERY_TERMISTOR tseeb

#define USING_RESISTO_TERMISTOR tseeb

Yog tias koj siv qhov sib txawv i2c zaub, koj yuav tsum rov sau txoj hauv kev no:

void kos (tsis muaj dab tsi)

Hauv qhov haujlwm no, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov kev sib tw fritzing, duab, thiab ntau dua.

Kauj Ruam 3: Breadboard: I2c Tus Cwj Pwm Zaub Tus Saib Xyuas nthuav dav

Kuv siv cov cim ua piv txwv, thiab kuv tsim i2c maub los thiab siv nws nrog kuv lub tsev qiv ntawv kev cai.

Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem nqa tus tswj hwm i2c ib txwm muaj (tsawg dua 1 €) nrog lub tsev qiv ntawv txheem, tus lej tseem zoo ib yam. Txhua txoj cai ntawm cov zaub yog hauv kev kos duab kom koj tuaj yeem hloov qhov ntawd yam tsis hloov lwm yam.

Zoo piav qhia ntawm no.

Kauj Ruam 4: Breadboard: Cim Cim Nrog I2c Sib Koom

Tib lub tswv yim tsis muaj i2c tswj kev nthuav dav.

Kauj Ruam 5: Ua kom tiav

Txog kev ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob peb siv lub hauv paus ntawm Voltage divider (cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv ntawm Wikipedia).

Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, tus lej no yog qhov sib ntxiv los ntsuas cov roj teeb hluav taws xob.

batResValueGnd / (batResValueVolt + batResValueGnd)

Kuv tso 2 qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm batResValueVolt thiab batResValueGnd tus nqi tom qab thiab ua ntej cov ntawv nyeem sib piv.

batVolt = (sample1 / (1023.0 - ((BAT_RES_VALUE_GND / (BAT_RES_VALUE_VCC + BAT_RES_VALUE_GND)) * 1023.0)))) * vcc;

qauv 1 yog qhov nruab nrab kev nyeem analog;

vcc siv Arduino voltage;

1023.0 yog tus nqi siab tshaj ntawm kev nyeem analog (Arduino analog nyeem mus los ntawm 0 txog 1023).

Txhawm rau kom tau txais amperage koj xav tau qhov hluav taws xob tom qab thiab ua ntej lub zog tiv thaiv.

Thaum koj muaj qhov ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob tom qab thiab ua ntej lub zog tiv thaiv koj tuaj yeem suav milliampere uas siv roj teeb.

MOSFET yog siv los pib thiab nres roj teeb los ntawm lub zog tiv thaiv.

Rau kev nyab xeeb kuv tso 2 lub ntsuas cua los saib xyuas lub roj teeb thiab lub zog tiv thaiv qhov kub thiab txias.

Kauj Ruam 6: Kev nthuav dav

Kuv sim tsim lub rooj tsavxwm tsab ntawv uas tuaj yeem nthuav dav tau, tab sis tam sim no kuv siv tsuas yog me me ntawm tus pin (yav tom ntej kuv yuav ntxiv leds thiab lwm yam nyees khawm).

Yog tias koj xav tau kev txhawb nqa hluav taws xob ntau dua 10v koj yuav tsum hloov pauv tus nqi tiv thaiv roj teeb thiab tiv taus raws li cov qauv

(BAT_RES_VALUE_GND / (BAT_RES_VALUE_VCC + BAT_RES_VALUE_GND)

nyob rau hauv lub schema Resistor fais fab tuag voltage

Lub zog tiv thaiv hluav taws xob GND 1/2/(Lub zog tiv thaiv hluav taws xob 2/2 + Lub zog tiv thaiv hluav taws xob GND 1/2)

Paj yeeb poob qis

Kauj Ruam 7: Daim Ntawv Teev Npe

Tus Nqi Yam Yam Khoom

• 2 5mm Ntsia Hlau TermInal PCB Mount Ntsia Hlau Terminal Thaiv 8A 250V LW SZUS (eBay)
• 1 Arduino Pro Mini clone (sib xws Nano) (eBay)
• 1 Basic FET P-Channel IRF744N lossis IRLZ44N (eBay)
• 11 10kΩ Resistor resistor 10kΩ (eBay)
• 2 Kub Sensor (Thermistor) 10kΩ; (eBay)
• * Generic txiv neej header form ♂ (txiv neej); (eBay)
• * Tus poj niam lub npe header ♀ (poj niam); (eBay)
• 1 PerfBoard board Prototype board 24x18 (eBay)

• 10R, 10W

  lub zog tiv thaiv (eBay) Kuv pom kuv li hauv TV qub crt.

Kauj Ruam 8: Pawg Thawj Coj: Pib dua, Gnd E Khawm Xaiv Roj Teeb

Nyob rau sab laug ntawm tus pins koj tuaj yeem pom lub pob thiab lub suab nrov.

Kuv siv 3 khawm:

1. ib qho los hloov hom roj teeb;
2. ib qho kom pib tso tawm cov roj teeb uas tau xaiv;
3. tom qab ntawd kuv siv tus pin rov pib dua txhua qhov, thiab qhib kev ua haujlwm tshiab.

Txhua tus pin twb tau rub los lawm yog li koj yuav tsum qhib nrog VCC

Pib dua yog qhib nrog GND

Paj yeeb poob qis

Kauj Ruam 9: Pawg Thawj Coj: I2c thiab Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Txog lub hauv paus koj tuaj yeem pom VCC, GND thiab SDA, SCL rau zaub (thiab lwm yam yav tom ntej).

Paj yeeb poob qis

Kauj Ruam 10: Pawg Thawj Coj: Thermistor thiab Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob

Mus rau sab xis muaj tus pin los nyeem tus nqi thermistor, ib qho rau lub zog resitsor thermistor thiab lwm tus rau (txiv neej/poj niam tus pin txuas) roj teeb lub ntsuas sov.

Tom qab ntawd muaj cov pins analog uas ntsuas qhov sib txawv voltage tom qab thiab ua ntej lub zog tiv thaiv.

Paj yeeb poob qis

Kauj Ruam 11: Pawg Thawj Coj: Tiv Thaiv Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob

Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom tus tiv thaiv uas tso cai los txhawb qhov hluav taws xob ob zaug ntau dua li tus pin arduino (10v), koj yuav tsum hloov qhov no txhawm rau txhawb ntau qhov hluav taws xob.

Paj yeeb poob qis

Kauj Ruam 12: Kauj Ruam Kauj Ruam: Txhua Tus Pins

Thawj zaug kuv ntxiv txhua tus pin thiab siv nws.

Kauj Ruam 13: Cov Kauj Ruam Kuaj: Pulldown Resistor thiab Thermistor

Tom qab ntawd kuv ntxiv txhua tus neeg tuav pov hwm hauv qab (rau cov nyees khawm) thiab i2c txuas (zaub).

Tom qab ntawd lub hwj chim tiv thaiv thermistor Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, nrog cov roj teeb kua qaub ua kom sov dhau.

Kauj Ruam 14: Cov Kauj Ruam Kauj Ruam: MOSFET, Kev Tiv Thaiv Txheeb Xyuas Qhov Hluav Taws Xob

Tam sim no peb yuav tsum ntxig mosfet txhawm rau qhib kev tso tawm thiab tiv thaiv kev ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob.

2 tsis kam rau qhov hluav taws xob ua ntej lub zog tiv thaiv 2 tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tom qab lub zog tiv thaiv, thaum koj muaj qhov hluav taws xob no koj tuaj yeem suav milliampere siv.

Kauj ruam 15: Txoj Cai

Lub microcontroller yog sib xws nano, yog li koj yuav tsum teeb tsa koj li IDE txhawm rau upload Arduino Nano.

Txhawm rau ua haujlwm koj yuav tsum rub tawm cov cai los ntawm kuv qhov chaw cia khoom github.

Tshaj li koj yuav tsum ntxiv 3 lub tsev qiv ntawv:

1. Hlau: tus qauv tsev qiv ntawv arduino rau i2c raws tu qauv;
2. Termistor Library los ntawm no tsis yog lub tsev qiv ntawv uas koj tuaj yeem pom hauv arduino IDE, tab sis kuv cov ntawv;
3. LiquidCrystal_i2c: yog tias koj siv txuas ntxiv/kev cai hloov ntawm i2c adapter (kuv version) koj yuav tsum rub tawm lub tsev qiv ntawv los ntawm no, yog tias koj siv cov txheej txheem txheem koj tuaj yeem nqa lub tsev qiv ntawv los ntawm arduino IDE, tab sis txhua yam tau piav qhia zoo dua ntawm no.

Kuv tsis ntsuas LCD nrog lub tsev qiv ntawv txheem, Nws zoo li kuv tias lawv sib pauv tau, tab sis yog tias muaj qee qhov teeb meem poob dawb hu rau kuv.

Kauj Ruam 16: Cov txiaj ntsig Tom Qab Sib Sau

Lub hauv paus pawg thawj coj yog hauv daim duab, tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem mus sim Nws.

Kauj Ruam 17: Thawj Xaiv Cov Roj Teeb

Raws li tau piav qhia peb muaj daim duab qhia chaw ntawm tus nqi nrog teeb tsa roj teeb.

// Tus qauv ntawm lub roj teeb ntaus ntawv BatteryType {char name [10]; ntab maxVolt; ntab minVolt; }; #define BATTERY_TYPE_NUMBER 4 BatteryType batteryTypes [BATTERY_TYPE_NUMBER] = {{"18650", 4.3, 2.9}, {"17550", 4.3, 2.9}, {"14500", 4.3, 2.75}, {"6v Acid", 6.50, 5.91 }};

Kauj Ruam 18: Pib Tso Tawm

Nyem ntawm khawm thib ob pib tso tawm.

Hauv cov zaub koj tuaj yeem pom milliampere tam sim no, milliampere/teev, feem pua ntawm kev tso tawm, roj teeb hluav taws xob thiab ntsuas kub ntawm lub zog tiv thaiv thiab roj teeb.

Kauj Ruam 19: Kev zam: Tshem Tawm Roj Teeb

Yog tias koj tshem cov txheej txheem tso roj teeb mus rau ncua, thaum koj rov tso nws rov pib dua ntawm tus nqi kawg.

Kauj Ruam 20: Kev zam: Kev Ceeb Toom Kub

Yog tias qhov ntsuas kub (roj teeb lossis lub zog tiv thaiv) mus rau qhov kub, cov txheej txheem tshem tawm mus rau ncua.

#define BATTERY_MAX_TEMP 50

#define RESISTANCE_MAX_TEMP 69 // 70 ° ntawm cov ntawv (Derating resistors) #define TEMP_TO_REMOVE_ON_MAX_TEMP 20

Tus nqi pib rau qhov kub siab tshaj yog 50 ° rau roj teeb thiab 69 rau lub zog tiv thaiv.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov lus tawm tswv yim lub zog tiv thaiv tau cuam tshuam los ntawm derating thaum mus dhau 70 °.

Yog tias ceeb toom tau tsa TEMP_TO_REMOVE_ON_MAX_TEMP vib nas this ntawm kev ncua kom tso rau qhov ntsuas kub qis.

Kauj Ruam 21: Kuaj Amperage

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev xeem amperage yog qhov zoo.

Kauj Ruam 22: Pob

Nrog cov khoom sib cais cov pob tshwm sim yooj yim kom paub.

Hauv ib lub thawv yuav tsum ua lub duab plaub rau LCD, lub qhov rau thawb cov nyees khawm, thiab sab nraud poj niam lub thoob kom muab qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm lub hwj chim.

Laub khawm tsis xav tau rub-down resistor vim tias kuv ntxiv Nws twb nyob ntawm lub nkoj.

Thaum kuv muaj qee lub sijhawm kuv tsim thiab tshaj tawm nws.