RGB LED Fiber Optic Tsob Ntoo (aka Project Sparkle): 6 Cov Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:28

Nrhiav koj chav me ntsis npau taws heev? Xav ntxiv me ntsis ci rau nws? Nyeem ntawm no yuav ua li cas thiaj coj tau RGB LED, ntxiv qee qhov fiber ntau optic hlau, thiab ua kom nws ci!

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm Project Sparkle yog txhawm rau coj lub teeb ci ci LED ntxiv rau qee qhov kawg-ci ci fiber ntau optic cable thiab txuas nws mus rau arduino los tsim cov teeb pom kev zoo. Qhov no yog qhov ua piv txwv ntawm lub hnub qub fiber ntau optic tilings/qab nthab tab sis tau teeb tsa ntsug vim tsis muaj peev xwm tho rau hauv kuv qab nthab thiab tsis siv lub teeb tsa ua ntej tsim kom pom lub teeb pom kev zoo fiber ntau. Yog li tiag nws yog txoj hauv kev kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo fiber optic tsis nqis peev hauv cov teeb pom kev kim. Txuas nws ntawm LED mus rau arduino tseem ntxiv rau txhua hom kev kho kom haum thiab kho kom zoo dua xim! Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ob lub ntiaj teb! Cov khoom siv: 10W LED - $ 5 - eBay. ** Ceeb toom, qhov no zoo heev. Tsis txhob saib qhov no ncaj qha thaum nyob. Khaws nws hauv qab lub thawv rau kev sim lossis lwm qhov tsim nyog npog ** Fiber optic kawg ci ci hlau - ~ $ 25-30 - Kuv yuav nws online los ntawm TriNorthLighting. Fiber optic cable feem ntau muag los ntawm txhais taw ntawm cov lej sib txawv hauv cov kab. Qhov tsawg dua cov hlua hauv kab ntawv feem ntau tuab dua ib tus neeg hlau, txhais tau tias qhov pom qhov kawg qhov pom kev tag nrho. Txheeb xyuas nplooj ntawv no kom yooj yim rau ntawm kab xov tooj tiv thaiv dav. 12V, 2Amp fais fab mov - ~ $ 10 - Kuv muaj ib qho dag ib puag ncig. Cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug cai: Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom no yog cov neeg yuav muaj nyob ib puag ncig thiab tuaj yeem rov siv tau rau lwm txoj haujlwm Arduino - $ 25-30 - Kuv siv Arduino Uno R3 Breadboard - ~ $ 5 Soldering hlau - Txhua qhov chaw los ntawm $ 10 mus rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov siab dua Circuit Cheebtsam - txhua tus tsuas yog them nqi ob peb xees, qhov teeb meem tsis yooj yim yog tej zaum yuav tau txais cov khoom niaj hnub no Cov Hlau, cov hlua hlau, cov txiav, thiab lwm yam Tulle - $ 5 - yuav los ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua khw. Nws yog cov khoom siv uas kuv tau siv los ua cov fiber ntau optic strands ntawm phab ntsa

Kauj Ruam 1: Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Cheeb Tsam Circuit

Lwm yam tshaj li cov xov hlau yooj yim (thiab LED) peb cov Circuit muaj ob lub hauv paus tseem ceeb: transistors thiab resistors. Transistors Yog li peb muaj 10W LED, fais fab cable, thiab arduino. Lub hom phiaj yog xaim lub LED rau ntawm daim ntawv tais thiab txuas cov arduino mus rau tib lub rooj noj mov kom lub arduino tuaj yeem tso tawm tus nqi thiab LED yuav tig rau ntawm qhov ci ntsa iab (sib piv rau tus nqi uas arduino tso tawm). Qhov teeb meem yog, arduino tsuas tuaj yeem muab 5V, tab sis peb cov LED xav tau 12V (ceeb toom: qhov no yuav hloov pauv raws li lub zog LED koj siv). Nov yog qhov uas lub hwj huam nkag los. "Peb yuav txuas tus arduino, LED, thiab lub zog siv ua ke li cas?!" koj yuav nug. Cov lus teb yog khawv koob. Cov khawv koob ntawm TRANSISTORS! Ib qho yooj yim, tus transistor yog lub suab nrov lossis hloov pauv. Hauv qhov no peb tab tom siv nws ua qhov hloov pauv. Nws yuav txuas nrog ntawm tus pin mus rau arduino, lwm tus pin rau lub zog xa khoom, thiab ib feem peb rau LED. Thaum lub arduino xa qhov tam sim no hla qhov pib tshwj xeeb lub transistor yuav 'qhib rau' thiab cia lub zog hluav taws xob khiav los ntawm nws, teeb pom kev zoo LED. Thaum tsis muaj tam sim no txaus los ntawm arduino, lub transistor yuav tsis cia lub zog xa khoom hla nws thiab LED yuav tawm. Hom kev hloov pauv ntawm transistor yog hu ua kev hloov lossis sib txuas transistor. Muaj ntau ntau hom sib txawv uas muaj cov khoom sib txawv xws li qhov xav tau hluav taws xob hla nws tus pin, qhov nce, thiab lwm yam. Kuv txhawb kom txhua tus neeg xav nyeem ntxiv txog transistors kom nkag siab zoo dua ntawm lawv. 10W LED muaj plaub tus lej tag nrho, ntawm ib sab hauv av thiab ntawm lwm sab tus pin rau txhua xim. Yog tias peb xav kom muaj peev xwm tswj hwm txhua xim sib cais (txhawm rau txhawm rau tuaj yeem tso saib ib qho xim ua ke ntawm RGB), txhua xim yuav tsum muaj nws tus kheej transistor, yog li peb xav tau peb lub transistors tag nrho. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxiv ntawm cov transistors siv yuav nyob rau theem tom ntej. Resistors Tam sim no uas peb tau txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas thiaj li txhawb lub zog LED, muaj lwm qhov teeb meem. Txhua lub zog no tsis tas yuav yog qhov zoo! Peb tsis xav kom luv LED, yog li cov neeg tawm tsam xav tau ntxiv rau nws. Ntawm plaub tus pin ntawm LED, tus pin hauv av tsis xav tau tus tiv thaiv vim nws tsuas yog mus rau hauv av. Tab sis peb tus pin xim yuav xav tau tsawg kawg ib tus neeg tawm tsam, thiab txij li cov xim sib txawv kos qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv lawv tsis tas yuav yog tib yam kev tawm tsam. "Peb yuav ua li cas thiaj paub cov txiaj ntsig no?!" koj yuav nug. Zoo lo lus teb yog MAGIC. Cov khawv koob ntawm MATHEMATICS! (nyeem ntawm nws muaj nqis nws kuv cog lus…)

Kauj Ruam 2: Xam Cheeb Tsam Cheeb Tsam

Hom transistors Raws li tau hais hauv qib dhau los, transistors siv ntawm no yog ntawm kev hloov pauv ntau yam. Dab tsi tshwj xeeb ntawm hom transistor xav tau hauv Circuit Court yog nyob ntawm seb qhov Circuit Court xav tau dab tsi, tab sis hauv Circuit no 2N2219 transistor yog qhov tsim nyog. Nco tseg, koj tuaj yeem siv lub transistor uas tsis yog 2N2219, tsuav nws muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb rau hauv Circuit Court koj tab tom ua haujlwm. (Qhov ntau dua 2N2222 transistor yuav tsum tsim nyog) Nyob ntawm hom transistor, peb tus pin ntawm transistor yuav yog "emitter, base, collector" lossis "gate, source, drain." Hom 2N2219 yog qhov qub. Muaj ntau ntau hom transistor lub cev, yog li txhawm rau txiav txim siab tus pin sib raug rau tus xa tawm, lub hauv paus, thiab tus neeg sau khoom, nws yuav yog lub sijhawm los sab laj koj cov ntawv tshwj xeeb! Lub transistor tseem xav tau ob tus tiv thaiv. Ib qho txuas lub hauv paus ntawm transistor rau arduino - qhov no tuaj yeem yog tus nqi, feem ntau ib puag ncig 1kΩ. Qhov no tau siv yog li txhua qhov tsis zoo tam sim no los ntawm arduino yuav tsis ua rau lub transistor ua rau thiab ua yuam kev tig lub teeb rau. Tus tiv thaiv thib ob xav tau txuas lub hauv paus rau hauv av thiab feem ntau yog tus nqi loj xws li 10kΩResistors hom Txhawm rau txuas lub zog xa mus rau LED peb yuav tsum siv qee qhov tiv thaiv. Txhua xim ntawm LED muaj qhov sib txawv xav tau qhov hluav taws xob. Cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm koj cov LED siv, tab sis rau tus qauv 10W LED cov no yuav zoo li yog: Liab - 6-8 V Ntsuab - 9-12 V Xiav - 9-11 V Tam sim no xav tau los ntawm LED: 3 milliAmps (mA) Lub zog hluav taws xob muab hluav taws xob: 12 V Yog li qhov xwm txheej yog: peb siv 12 V lub zog xa hluav taws xob txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau LED thiab txhua xim yuav tsum tau txais qhov hluav taws xob tsawg dua qhov ntawd. Peb yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom txo qhov hluav taws xob txhua qhov xim ntawm LED pom tseeb. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab tus nqi ntawm kev tawm tsam xav tau nws yog lub sijhawm los sab laj Ohm Txoj Cai. Piv txwv rau xim liab: Voltage = Tam sim no * Kuj …. Rov sau dua mus rau Kev Tiv Thaiv = Voltage (poob) / Kev Tiv Thaiv Tam Sim No = 4 V / 0.3 A = 13.3Ω (Tus nqi ntawm 4 V yog los ntawm 12V (lub hwj chim muab) - ntau tshaj ntawm cov xim liab (8 V)) Peb tseem tsis tau ua tiav tab sis. Nyob ntawm koj hom resistor (piv txwv li nws qhov loj me) tsuas yog qee qhov muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem yaj tau los ntawm nws. Yog tias peb siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsis tuaj yeem tso tawm lub zog txaus peb yuav hlawv lawv tawm. Cov mis los laij lub zog hla tus tiv thaiv los ntawm Ohm txoj cai: nws yog Hwj chim = Voltage * Tam sim no. Lub zog = 4V * 0.3 A = 1.2 W Qhov no txhais tau tias peb xav tau 13.3Ω, 1.2 W (tsawg kawg) tus tiv thaiv kom ntseeg tau tias peb cov LED muaj kev nyab xeeb. Teeb meem yog, feem ntau cov neeg tawm tsam tuaj hauv 1/4 W lossis tsawg dua. Yuav ua li cas?! Siv cov khawv koob ntawm teeb tsa resistors nyob rau hauv parallel peb tuaj yeem kho qhov teeb meem. Los ntawm kev sib txuas plaub (1/4 W) resistors nyob rau hauv parallel tag nrho lub zog tso tawm ntxiv mus rau 1 W. peb siv tsawg me ntsis). Ntxiv cov resistors nyob rau hauv parallel ua rau lawv cov kev tiv thaiv kom txo qis (lub ntsiab lus yog tias peb ua ke plaub 13.3 Ω resistors nyob rau hauv parallel tag nrho cov kev tawm tsam yuav tsuas yog ~ 3 Ω) Kom tau txais txoj cai tiv thaiv thiab lub zog xa tawm peb tuaj yeem ua ke plaub 68 Ω 1/4W resistors hauv thaum uas tig mus Peb tau txais tus lej no los ntawm kev sib npaug 13.3Ω los ntawm plaub, uas yog ~ 53Ω thiab tom qab ntawd coj tus nqi siab tshaj tom ntej rau tus tiv thaiv. Zuag qhia tag nrho: txhawm rau lub zog xim liab peb yuav tsum siv ib qho 13.3Ω 1W resistor, lossis plaub 68Ω1/4W resistors nyob rau hauv ib txhij. Txhawm rau suav qhov xav tau rau lwm cov xim siv tib txheej txheem. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv hauv Circuit Court: 3 x 2N2219 transistors 3 x 1kΩ resistors 3 x 10 kΩ resistors Liab: 4 x 68Ω 1/4 W resistors Xiav: 4 x 27Ω 1/ 4W resistors Ntsuab: 4 x 27 Ω 1/4W resistors

Kauj Ruam 3: Circuit Schematic / Tsim Circuit Court

Tau dhau los ntawm kev ua lej thiab sau txhua daim uas xav tau nws yog lub sijhawm los muab tso ua ke!

Ua ntej coj koj lub zog siv thiab txiav tawm qhov kev sib txuas nws muaj thaum kawg thiab cais lub zog thiab cov xov hlau hauv av. Ntxiv cov xaim av rau ib qho ntawm txoj kab ntawm daim kab xev. Siv cov xaim hluav taws xob txuas rau cov laug uas yuav tsum tau ua rau cov LED. Tom qab ntawd tsim lub Circuit Court zoo li tau qhia hauv daim duab kos. Nco tseg tias txhua thaj chaw hauv Circuit (arduino av, thaj chaw transistor, thaj chaw fais fab), yuav tsum txuas nrog ua ke hauv qee txoj kev.

Kauj ruam 4: Arduino Code

Peb nyob ze! Lub sijhawm txuas peb lub voj voog mus rau arduino.

Cov cai ntawm no tsuas yog sau RGB LED los ntawm lub voj voog xim (piv txwv li tshawb xyuas tag nrho zaj sawv). Yog tias koj paub nrog arduino ces qhov no tsis nyuab heev. Txoj cai no tsis yog sau los ntawm kuv tab sis kuv ncaj ncees tsis tuaj yeem nco qhov twg kuv rub tawm nws los ntawm; nws yog qhib qhov chaw. Yog tias kuv nco qab lossis yog leej twg paub lub hauv paus kuv zoo siab hais tawm. Cov duab kos tau muab tso rau hauv qab no. Tsuas yog xyuas kom tus lej tus lej hauv daim duab kos sib xws rau cov pins ntawm arduino siv los txuas rau LED. Txhua txoj cai ua yog xa tus nqi tus kheej (los ntawm 0 txog 255) rau txhua tus LED xim xim. Yog tias koj xav kom cov xim tshwj xeeb tuaj txog, txheeb xyuas kab ntawv RGB xim // Ua haujlwm RGB LED los ntawm cov xim log mus rau qhov ci ci = 0; // LED ci li cas. Tus nqi siab tshaj yog 255 int rad = 0; #define RED 10 #define BLUE 11 #define GREEN 9 void setup () {// tshaj tawm pins los ua qhov tso tawm: pinMode (RED, OUTPUT); pinMode (GREEN, OUTPUT); pinMode (XEEB, NTAWV); } // los ntawm 0 txog 127 tsis muaj dab tsi displayColor (uint16_t WheelPos) {byte r, g, b; hloov (WheelPos / 128) {rooj plaub 0: r = 127 - WheelPos % 128; // Liab nqes g = WheelPos % 128; Green ntsuab b = 0; // xiav tawm so; rooj plaub 1: g = 127 - WheelPos % 128; // ntsuab nqes b = WheelPos % 128; // xiav nce r = 0; // liab tawm so; rooj plaub 2: b = 127 - WheelPos % 128; // xiav cia r = WheelPos % 128; // liab nce g = 0; // ntsuab tawm so; } analogWrite (RED, r*2); analogWrite (GREEN, g*2); analogWrite (XEEB, b*2); } void loop () {displayColor (rad)); ncua (40); rad = (rad+1) % 384; }

Kauj Ruam 5: Ntxiv Cov Hluav Taws Xob Fiber Optic

Txawm hais tias koj tsis ua tiav cov kauj ruam no, qhov zoo tshaj yog tam sim no peb muaj qhov txaus, ci ntsa iab, tuaj yeem kho tau RGB LED. Kuv xaiv los ua ke nws nrog fiber ntau optics, tab sis tiag tiag koj tuaj yeem ua txhua yam koj xav tau! Ua kom pom kev qab zib? Teeb lub pob disco? Yog li ntau txoj hauv kev!

Kuv xub yuav tsib ko taw ntawm 50 txoj hlua fiber, 10 ko taw ntawm 12 txoj hlua fiber, thiab 5 taw ntawm 25 txoj hlua khi. Kuv tau txiav txiav qhov ntev hauv ib nrab kom kuv thiaj li muaj ntau qhov chaw txawm tias cov xov hlau lawv tus kheej tau luv dua. Kuv tau xaiv los ua tsob ntoo vim kuv tsis tuaj yeem rub lawv hla phab ntsa. Lub tulle tau lo rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov roj hmab xis mas (tulle yog qhov sib haum, yog li daim kab xev yuav txaus). Cov fibers yog xov los ntawm tulle rau hauv tsob ntoo zoo li tus qauv. Siv cov dej qab ntsev/qhuav tawm tuaj yeem tso LED tso rau hauv qab, thiab cov fibers ntxiv rau saum nws. Qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws ntawm qhov no yog sim ua kom pom lub teeb hla mus los ntawm cov fibers es tsis txhob tawm sab saum toj ntawm cov dej qab zib tuaj yeem. Kev qhwv cov fibers nruj nreem hauv ntawv ci tuaj yeem pab tau, tab sis kuv hais qhia sim ua qhov teeb tsa uas koj xav tias yuav ua haujlwm. Muab tag nrho cov khoom no ua ke thiab peb muaj peb tsob ntoo!

Kauj Ruam 6: Sijhawm Tog

Tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv ua tab sis dim lub teeb, ua kom lub zog arduino, thiab ua rau pom qhov ci ntawm peb qhov kev teeb tsa fiber ntau tshiab!

Kuv tau txuas daim vis dis aus ntawm kev teeb tsa ib yam. Nws zoo li tus kheej, tab sis koj tuaj yeem pom nws maj mam txav los ntawm lub log xim.