Txoj Haujlwm 2: Yuav Rov Rov Ua Haujlwm Li Cas: 11 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:28

Nyob zoo phooj ywg Hobbyist, Ib tus phooj ywg zoo ntawm kuv tau muab tso ua ke ob peb yam nrog rau Raspberry Pi txhawm rau txiav txim siab RS232 raws tu qauv rau TTL. Qhov kawg tshwm sim tau muab pov rau hauv ib lub thawv uas muaj 3 lub hauv paus tseem ceeb: lub zog hloov pauv mus rau lub zog Pi, ob txoj kev xa xov uas ua kom lub zog tsis poob los ntawm kev tswj hwm thaum kev sib txuas lus yuav tsum tshwm sim, thiab RS232 rau TTL module hloov pauv. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tes yog los tsim cov kev daws teeb meem zoo uas suav nrog txhua lub hardwares rau hauv ib qho PCB. Qhov kawg tshwm sim yuav muaj cov ntsiab lus tsawg nyob ib puag ncig -> tsawg dua cov xov tooj -> kev tsim pov thawj kev co. Qhov no txhais tau tias txoj haujlwm ntawm tes yog kho vajtse rov ua haujlwm. Cov theem hauv qab no yuav tsum pab daws cov haujlwm ntawm cov xwm txheej no.

Kauj Ruam 1: Txheeb Xyuas Cov Cheeb Tsam

Koj yuav tsum tau google raws li ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no:

- Siv lub npe luam tawm ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm nws tus kheej.

- Siv lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej.

-Siv lub hauv paus tseem ceeb hauv pawg tswj hwm nws tus kheej: saib rau cov nqaij nyug chips -> tau lawv lub npe -> google lawv daim ntawv thov.

- Google duab cov lus tseem ceeb pom thiab nqes mus txog thaum koj pom lub cuab yeej lossis ib qho coj mus rau lwm qhov kev tshawb nrhiav.

Zaj dab neeg luv luv, Kuv tau pom tag nrho peb lub cuab yeej thiab mus tom ntej thiab xaj lawv ntawm ebay:

-MAX3232 TO TTL:

-5V Dual Channels Relay: https://www.ebay.ca/itm/5V-Dual-2-Channels-Relay-Module-With-optocoupler-For-PIC-AVR-DSP-ARM-Arduino/263347137695?hash= item3d50b66c9f: g: DlUAAOSwIVhaG-gf

-DC-DC buck converter: https://www.ebay.ca/itm/DC-DC-Buck-Step-Down-Converter-6V-80V-24V-36V-48V-72V-to-5V-9V-12V -Power-Suppply/122398869642? Hash = item1c7f8a888a: g: 3vkAAOSwuxFYyQyb

Kauj Ruam 2: Lub Sijhawm Tau Txais Qee Cov Qauv Hauv Circuit

Thaum tshawb nrhiav cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub rooj tsavxwm.

Thaum pom cov duab kos hauv Circuit Court, mus rau digikey (lossis mouser, lossis txhua yam uas koj yuav xaj cov ntsiab lus los ntawm) thiab saib yog tias lub nti tseem ceeb muaj raws li koj yuav xaj nws tom qab.

Tag nrho lwm cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum muaj yog feem ntau cov vev xaib hluav taws xob (diodes, lub kaus mom, inductors, resistors …) Qee zaum, koj yuav muaj teeb meem pom cov uas nyob hauv qhov loj me lossis pob (los ntawm lub qhov, saum npoo av, …)

Yog tias qhov teeb meem no nyob rau theem tom ntej ntawm kev tsim, thov tshawb xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawd hauv siab.

Yog li kuv xaus nrog cov ntawv teev tseg hauv qab no:

-MAX3232 TO TTL:

- 5V Dual Channels Relay:

- DC-DC pob hloov pauv:

Raws li tau hais ua ntej kuv tau mus tom ntej thiab pib tshawb nrhiav cov khoom siv hauv Digikey cov vev xaib, Kuv muaj peev xwm pom txhua tus ntawm lawv tshwj tsis yog ib qho cuam tshuam txog DC-DC phaw hloov pauv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kuv tsis muaj peev xwm nrhiav XLSEMI XL4015 buck converter (pom ntawm LCSC tho!) Txhawm rau zam kom tau xaj los ntawm ob lub vev xaib sib txawv thiab yog li them tus nqi thauj khoom ob zaug, Kuv tau txiav txim siab hla tus hloov pauv ntawm tes thiab mus rau lwm qhov kev tsim qauv uas siv cov khoom siv pom ntawm Digikey. Yog li kuv tau ua tiav raws li cov txheej txheem no:

Tshiab Buck converter:

Los ntawm kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tam sim no thiab qhov hluav taws xob txaus rau lub zog Pi, thaum kawg kuv tau txheeb xyuas txhua yam uas yuav siv hauv kuv lub ntsiab PCB.

Kauj Ruam 3: Khaws Daim Duab Loj Hauv Siab

Cov kauj ruam no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, raws li nws teeb tsa lub suab rau qhov tsim txhua yam. Kuv txoj haujlwm yog txhawm rau txo cov xov tooj nyob ib puag ncig sab hauv lub thawv vim qhov kawg no raug rau ib puag ncig uas muaj kev co siab. Hauv kev daws qhov teeb meem no, kuv yuav tsum cais cov kab hluav taws xob (ua kom muaj zog Pi) los ntawm cov kab teeb liab siv rau kev txiav txim siab thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov khoom siv. Nrog cov ntaub ntawv hauv siab, peb yuav muab txhua yam tso rau hauv ib qho PCB. Cov khoom kawg yuav muaj ib kab xov txuas, thiab ib lub micro-usb cable los tsim kev sib txuas nrog Pi. Ribbon cable yuav muaj txhua lub cim qhia ntawm ob lub cuab yeej, thaum lub micro-usb cable yuav muab 5V, 1 Lub zog xav tau los qhib Pi. Nrog qhov no hauv siab, Kuv tau mus tom ntej thiab rov kho dua GPIO pins siv hauv Pi txhawm rau kom muaj txhua lub cim qhia nyob ze ib leeg raws li qhia hauv daim duab. Pom tseeb, txhawm rau ua li ntawd, koj yuav tsum hloov GPIO pins mus rau lwm tus GPIO pins, thaum hloov Gnd nrog lwm Gnd thiab lub zog nrog lwm lub hwj chim pins siv tus pin dav dav tawm ntawm Raspberry Pi. Cov kev hloov pauv no yuav tsum tau sau tseg raws li lawv yuav xav tau tom qab txhawm rau hloov kho lub firmware ua haujlwm ntawm Pi.

Kauj Ruam 4: EasyEDA: Schematics

Hauv theem no, koj yuav tsum tau ua koj tus kheej paub nrog cov cuab yeej cad yooj yim tshaj plaws nyob ntawd. EasyEDA! raws li lub npe qhia, kawm paub siv qhov cuab yeej txhim kho lub vev xaib no yuav tsum ncaj. Kuv tab tom txuas qhov txuas mus rau lub vev xaib nws tus kheej nrog rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv zoo kom tau txais koj ua ntej sai:

EasyEDA:

Taw qhia cov yeeb yaj kiab (los ntawm GreatScott):

www.youtube.com/watch?v=35YuILUlfGs

Kev qhia nrawm ua los ntawm lub vev xaib tsim tawm lawv tus kheej:

Kauj Ruam 5: Xaiv Cov Cheeb Tsam Xav Tau

Hauv cov kauj ruam no koj yuav tsum xaiv seb koj puas xav siv los ntawm lub qhov lossis ntu ntu ntu raws li qhov ntev ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, koj cov cuab yeej siv soldering, thiab koj li kev txawj ntse! Kuv tau txiav txim siab mus rau saum npoo rau txhua qhov khoom siv yog tias ua tau nrog qee qhov tshwj xeeb qhov twg SMD version tsis muaj, hais qhov txuas ntxiv piv txwv.

Tom ntej no koj yuav tsum txhim kho pob ntawv loj rau txhua lub kaus mom, tiv taus, diodes, thiab lwm yam… Hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej, Kuv tau txiav txim siab los khom nqi ntawm 1206 rau cov khoom siv feem ntau.

Ntawm no dua muaj ntau qhov kev qhia online hais txog txheej txheem txheej txheem soldering. Kuv tshwj xeeb yog cia siab rau Dave Jone cov lus qhia ntawm cov ncauj lus no (txuas hauv qab no), zoo siab saib lwm ob qhov kev qhia ua haujlwm:

EEVblog #186 - Cov Lus Qhia Ua Phem Tshooj 3 - Nto Mount

www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9FC9fAlfQE&t=1259s

Kuv paub cov vis dis aus ntev, tab sis tus yawg tham txog lwm yam khoom nthuav thaum qhia koj yuav ua li cas thiaj li yaj tau. Pom tseeb, nws muaj kev paub ntau dua li feem ntau ntawm cov neeg nyiam ua haujlwm nyob ntawd, ib yam li koj thiab kuv, yog li nws yuav tsum zoo.

Kauj Ruam 6: Kos Schematics rau Cov Khoom Uas Tsis Muaj

EasyEDA muaj feem ntau ntawm cov khoom kuv tau npaj yuav xaj tshwj tsis yog rau ib lub cuab yeej. Qhov no tau hais, nws yuav tsum tsis muaj teeb meem, vim qhov software no tso cai rau koj ntxiv koj cov duab rau hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv online.

Kuv xav tau ntxiv "D-SUB 15 tus poj niam txuas" (digikey:

Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg ntawm lub cuab yeej hauv qhov txuas, koj yuav muaj peev xwm rov ua cov duab geometrical ntawm cov khoom siv. Qhov ntawd yuav tsum suav nrog qhov sib nrug, qhov ntev nrog rau kev taw qhia ntawm lub cuab yeej. Yog tias koj muaj hmoo txaus, qee zaum cov neeg tsim khoom suav nrog PCB cov duab kos ib yam rau koj kom yooj yim luam thiab muab tshuaj txhuam nws tus kheej mus rau easyeda.

Kauj Ruam 7: Tsim Koj Cov Txheej Txheem PCB

Hauv kev muab cov khoom sib txawv tso rau hauv pawg thawj coj, koj yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias txo qhov kev sib txuas ntawm qhov ntev. Qhov ntev dua qhov kawg no, qhov nthuav tawm ntau dua yog koj lub teeb liab kab rau cuam tshuam thiab cuam tshuam suab nrov. Nrog txoj cai kub no hauv siab, Kuv tau mus tom ntej thiab tso tag nrho kuv cov khoom raws li qhia hauv video.

Kauj Ruam 8: Qhib cov lej hauv

Hauv cov kauj ruam no koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab txoj kab ke dav kom raug siv txhawm rau txhawm rau txuas cov ntsiab lus sib txawv. Easyeda txoj kab tuab yog tus qauv rau 1oz (koj xaiv pheej yig). Qhov no txhais tau tias, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum muaj qhov kwv yees ntxhib ntawm cov dej ntws tam sim no hauv txhua qhov ntawm ib qho. Raws li daim ntawv thov ntawm tes, Kuv txiav txim siab kho 30mil rau feem ntau ntawm kuv lub zog taug qab (kom tuav qhov siab tshaj 1 A) thiab 10 ~ 15 lab rau cov cim cim (kom tuav tau qhov siab tshaj 100 mm A).

Koj tuaj yeem siv qee qhov laij lej hauv online zoo li tus lej no kom tau cov lej ntawd.

Online laij lej:

Kauj Ruam 9: Hlau Nws

Thaum qhov kev sib tw tuab tuab rau cov kab sib txawv raug kho, nws yog lub sijhawm los ua cov hlua ntawm txhua yam khoom siv. Yog tias koj tau tso koj cov khoom siv raws li cov txheej txheem tsim PCB (txuas hauv qab no), koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua txoj hlua yooj yim. Thaum kawg tom qab ntxiv cov txheej tooj liab, koj yuav ua tiav nrog PCB tiav npaj kom tau xaj. Txog qhov ntawd, Kuv pom zoo siv tus khub lub vev xaib kom yooj yim, JLCPCB (txuas hauv qab no), thaum xaj koj tsis tas yuav hloov pauv tus txheej txheem xaj xaj. Tsis tas li yog tias koj tab tom muag ntau dua ib lub rooj tsavxwm, Kuv pom zoo kom xaj cov ntawv stencil uas mus nrog koj cov ntaub ntawv rub tawm gerber. Ua li ntawd yuav tso cai rau koj txuag sijhawm ntau thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem txheej txheem.

Kauj Ruam 10: Lub Sijhawm rau Qee Qhov Kev Ruaj Ntseg Loj

Txij li thaum kuv tab tom siv tsuas yog ib qho kev tivthaiv rau kev sim kuv tus qauv, kuv nqa cov laug siv tus kheej txhawm rau txhim kho kuv cov txuj ci hauv thaj chaw ntawd. Cov khoom kawg yuav zoo li daim duab txuas.

Kauj Ruam 11: Ua Qhov Kuaj Kawg

Hauv cov kauj ruam kawg no, koj yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas txuas ntxiv ntawm koj cov cim tseem ceeb xws li cov kab hluav taws xob. Qhov no yuav tsum pab koj kom tsis txhob ua dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog koj lub rooj tsavxwm (hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej: Raspberry Pi). Thiab ib yam li ntawd, siv kev thim rov qab engineering kuv muaj peev xwm los tsim cov khoom pov thawj kev co.

Raws li ib txwm, ua tsaug rau ua raws kuv cov dab neeg nrog engineering. Ua siab dawb nyiam, qhia tawm, lossis tawm tswv yim ib qho ntawm kuv cov ntawv.

Txog rau lub sijhawm tom ntej, Ua tsaug: D