12V 1A SMPS Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Tsim: 4 Cov Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:26

Hav guys!

Txhua lub cuab yeej hluav taws xob lossis khoom lag luam xav tau chav tso khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo (PSU) los ua haujlwm nws. Yuav luag txhua lub cuab yeej hauv peb lub tsev, zoo li TV, Tshuab Luam Ntawv, Tshuab Suab Nkauj, thiab lwm yam muaj lub zog siv hluav taws xob tsim rau hauv nws uas hloov AC lub zog hluav taws xob mus rau qib tsim nyog ntawm DC qhov hluav taws xob rau lawv ua haujlwm. Hom kev siv hluav taws xob feem ntau siv yog SMPS (Hloov Lub Hwj Huam Lub Hwj Huam), koj tuaj yeem yooj yim pom hom kev sib txuas hauv koj li 12V adapter lossis Txawb/Laptop them. Hauv qhov kev qhia no, peb yuav kawm tsim 12v SMPS Circuit uas yuav hloov AC lub zog hluav taws xob mus rau 12V DC nrog qhov ntsuas siab tshaj tam sim no ntawm 1.25A. Lub voj voog no tuaj yeem siv los ua lub zog me me lossis txawm tias hloov pauv mus rau lub roj teeb kom them koj cov kua qaub thiab roj teeb lithium. Yog tias 12v 15watt lub zog siv hluav taws xob tsis sib haum raws li koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog rau kev ntsuas sib txawv.

Kauj Ruam 1: 12v SMPS Circuit - Tsim Kev Xav

Ua ntej txuas ntxiv nrog txhua yam ntawm kev tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev xav tau yuav tsum tau ua tiav raws qhov ib puag ncig uas peb Lub Hwj Huam yuav siv. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv ua haujlwm hauv ib puag ncig sib txawv thiab nrog cov ciam teb tshwj xeeb tso tawm.

Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb:

Cia peb pib nrog cov tswv yim. Ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob yog thawj qhov uas yuav siv los ntawm SMPS thiab yuav hloov pauv mus rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los pub lub nra. Raws li qhov kev tsim qauv no tau teev tseg rau AC-DC hloov pauv, cov tswv yim yuav hloov pauv tam sim no (AC). Rau Is Nrias teb, cov tswv yim AC muaj nyob hauv 220-230 volt, rau Asmeskas nws tau ntsuas rau 110 volts. Kuj tseem muaj lwm lub tebchaws uas siv qib sib txawv. Feem ntau, SMPS ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov tswv yim hluav taws xob tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm 85V AC txog 265V AC. SMPS tuaj yeem siv hauv txhua lub tebchaws thiab tuaj yeem muab cov khoom ruaj khov ntawm qhov thauj khoom yog tias qhov hluav taws xob nyob nruab nrab ntawm 85-265V AC. SMPS yuav tsum ua haujlwm ib txwm nyob hauv 50Hz thiab 60Hz zaus ib yam. Qhov no yog qhov laj thawj vim li cas peb thiaj tuaj yeem siv peb lub xov tooj thiab lub laptop them nyiaj hauv txhua lub tebchaws.

Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb:

Ntawm qhov tso tawm, ob peb lub zog tiv taus, ob peb yog inductive. Nyob ntawm qhov thauj khoom kev tsim kho ntawm SMPS tuaj yeem sib txawv. Rau qhov SMPS qhov kev thauj khoom yog xav tias yog lub zog tiv taus. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj ib yam zoo li lub zog tiv taus, txhua qhov kev thauj khoom muaj tsawg kawg ntawm qee qhov nqi inductance thiab capacitance; ntawm no nws tau kwv yees tias qhov inductance thiab lub peev xwm ntawm lub nra yog qhov tsis tsim nyog.

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm SMPS yog qhov ntseeg tau zoo ntawm Kev Thauj khoom, zoo li ntau npaum li cas qhov hluav taws xob thiab tam sim no yuav xav tau los ntawm kev thauj khoom hauv txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm. Txog qhov haujlwm no, SMPS tuaj yeem muab 15W tso zis. Nws yog 12V thiab 1.25A. Lub hom phiaj tso tawm ripple raug xaiv tsawg dua 30mV pk-pk ntawm 20000 Hz bandwidth.

Kauj Ruam 2: Xaiv Tus Tswj Fais Fab IC

Txhua qhov SMPS Circuit xav tau Lub Hwj Chim Tswj IC tseem hu ua hloov IC lossis SMPS IC lossis Drier IC. Cia peb suav qhov kev txiav txim siab tsim los xaiv qhov zoo tagnrho Kev Tswj Xyuas IC uas yuav haum rau peb tsim. Peb Cov Qauv tsim yog:

1. 15W tso zis. 12V 1.25A nrog tsawg dua 30mV pk-pk ripple thaum thauj khoom tag nrho.
2. Kev ntaus nqi thoob ntiaj teb.
3. Cov tswv yim tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.
4. Tso tawm luv Circuit Court, dhau-voltage thiab tiv thaiv tam sim no.
5. Kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua.

Los ntawm cov kev xav tau saum toj no muaj ntau yam ICs xaiv los ntawm, tab sis rau txoj haujlwm no, peb tau xaiv Fais fab kev koom ua ke. Kev sib koom ua ke fais fab yog ib lub tuam txhab ua haujlwm ib nrab uas muaj ntau lub zog tsav tsheb ICs hauv ntau yam kev tsim hluav taws xob. Raws li qhov xav tau thiab muaj peb tau txiav txim siab siv TNY268PN los ntawm kev hloov me me II tsev neeg.

Hauv daim duab saum toj no, lub zog siab tshaj 15W tau qhia. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav ua rau SMPS nyob rau hauv tus ncej qhib thiab rau qhov ntsuas pom thoob ntiaj teb. Hauv qhov ntu no, TNY268PN tuaj yeem muab 15W tso tawm. Cia peb pom daim duab kab duab.

Kauj Ruam 3: 12V SMPS Circuit Diagram thiab Piav Qhia

Ua ntej mus ncaj nraim rau hauv kev tsim cov qauv ib feem, cia peb tshawb xyuas 12v SMPS daim duab kos duab thiab nws ua haujlwm. Lub Circuit Court muaj cov hauv qab no:

1. Tawm tswv yim nce thiab SMPS tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum
2. Kev hloov pauv AC-DC
3. PI lim
4. Tsav tsheb Circuitry lossis Hloov Circuit
5. Kev tiv thaiv qis hauv qhov hluav taws xob.
6. Clamp Circuit Court
7. Magnetics thiab kev rho tawm galvanic
8. EMI lim
9. Secondary Rectifier thiab snubber Circuit
10. Tshooj Lim

Tawm tswv yim nce thiab SMPS tiv thaiv kev ua txhaum

Tshooj lus no muaj ob ntu, F1 thiab RV1. F1 yog 1A 250VAC qeeb tshuab fuse thiab RV1 yog 7mm 275V MOV (Hlau Oxide Varistor). Thaum lub sijhawm muaj hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv (ntau dua 275VAC), MOV tau dhau los ua luv luv thiab tshuab lub Fuse nkag. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog lub tshuab qeeb qeeb, lub fuse tiv thaiv kev nkag mus tam sim no los ntawm SMPS.

Kev hloov pauv AC-DC

Tshooj lus no yog tswj hwm los ntawm tus choj diode. Cov plaub diodes (sab hauv DB107) ua tus choj txuas tag nrho. Cov diodes yog 1N4006, tab sis tus qauv 1N4007 tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo. Hauv txoj haujlwm no, plaub lub diodes no tau hloov pauv nrog tus choj txuas tag nrho DB107.

PI lim

Cov xeev sib txawv muaj cov qauv kev tsis lees paub EMI sib txawv. Qhov kev tsim qauv no lees paub EN61000-Class 3 tus qauv thiab PI lim tau tsim los hauv txoj hauv kev no kom txo qis hom EMI tsis lees paub. Tshooj lus no tau tsim los siv C1, C2, thiab L1. C1 thiab C2 yog 400V 18uF capacitors. Nws yog tus nqi khib yog li 22uF 400V raug xaiv rau daim ntawv thov no. L1 yog hom hnoos qeev uas siv qhov sib txawv EMI teeb liab kom thim ob qho tib si.

Tsav tsheb sib hloov lossis hloov hluav taws xob

Nws yog lub plawv ntawm SMPS. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob thawj sab yog tswj los ntawm kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob TNY268PN. Qhov hloov pauv zaus yog 120-132khz. Vim qhov kev hloov pauv siab no, tuaj yeem siv cov hloov pauv me me. Kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob muaj ob ntu, U1, thiab C3. U1 yog tus tsav tsheb loj ntawm IC TNY268PN. C3 yog lub peev xwm hla dhau uas xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm peb tus tsav tsheb IC.

Kev tiv thaiv qis hauv qhov hluav taws xob

Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv qis-voltage ua tiav los ntawm kev nkag siab resistor R1 thiab R2. Nws tau siv thaum SMPS nkag mus rau hom pib rov pib dua thiab nkag siab txog kab hluav taws xob.

Clamp Circuit Court

D1 thiab D2 yog qhov txuas hluav taws xob. D1 yog TVS diode thiab D2 yog qhov rov ua kom rov qab sai heev. Tus hloov pauv ua haujlwm ua tus loj inductor hla lub zog tsav IC TNY268PN. Yog li ntawd thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv-lub voj voog, tus hloov pauv tsim hluav taws xob siab vim qhov xau inductance ntawm lub tshuab hloov pauv. Cov kev siv hluav taws xob ntau qhov siab tau txhawb los ntawm cov diode clamp hla cov hloov pauv. UF4007 raug xaiv vim yog rov qab sai heev thiab P6KE200A tau xaiv rau TVS kev ua haujlwm.

Magnetics thiab kev rho tawm galvanic

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob ferromagnetic thiab nws tsis tsuas yog hloov qhov hluav taws xob siab AC mus rau qhov hluav taws xob qis ac tab sis kuj tseem muab kev sib cais ntawm galvanic.

EMI lim

EMI lim yog ua los ntawm C4 lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Nws ua rau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv luv luv ntawm Circuit Court kom txo qis EMI cuam tshuam.

Secondary Rectifier thiab Snubber Circuit

Cov zis los ntawm tus hloov pauv tau hloov kho thiab hloov pauv mus rau DC siv D6, Schottky rectifier diode. Kev sib tw sib tw hla D6 muab kev tiv thaiv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv. Snubber Circuit muaj ib tus tiv thaiv thiab ib lub capacitor, R3, thiab C5.

Tshooj Lim

Cov lim dej muaj cov lim lim C6. Nws yog qhov qis ESR capacitor rau qhov tsis zoo ripple. Tsis tas li ntawd, LC lim siv L2 thiab C7 muab kev lees paub zoo dua ripple hla cov zis.

Kauj Ruam 4: Kev Tsim PCB

Koj tuaj yeem kos PCB Schematic nrog ib qho software raws li koj qhov yooj yim thiab xa nws mus rau PCB Chaw Tsim Khoom ntawm qhov koj xaiv. Kuv tau npaj Gerber, kuv tuaj yeem qhia nws.

Kuv yuav hais qhia LIONCIRCUITS vim tias lawv muaj cov kev pabcuam tsim khoom lag luam qis rau cov qauv uas yog qhov zoo tiag tiag rau tib neeg zoo li peb nyiam DIY. Lawv muaj lub tshuab siv online online uas koj tuaj yeem xa koj cov ntaub ntawv Gerber thiab tso xaj online. Kev xa khoom thoob plaws Is Nrias teb yog pub dawb.