Geiger Counter Activity rau tus 12+ Xyoo: 5 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:26

Hauv qhov kev qhia no koj yuav kawm paub yuav teeb tsa lub tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear li cas.

Koj tuaj yeem yuav Geiger Counter Kit ntawm no.

Geiger lub txee yog ib qho cuab yeej siv los ntsuas thiab ntsuas hluav taws xob ionizing. Kuj tseem hu ua Geiger -Mueller txee (lossis Geiger -Müller txee), nws tau siv dav hauv cov ntawv thov xws li hluav taws xob dosimetry, kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, kev sim lub cev, thiab kev lag luam nuclear.

Geiger cov txee tau siv los tshuaj xyuas cov pa hluav taws xob, feem ntau yog cov beta thiab cov duab gamma. Lub txee suav nrog lub raj uas ntim nrog cov roj inert uas dhau los ua hluav taws xob thaum nws cuam tshuam los ntawm lub zog loj.

Khoom siv

Pob suav nrog:

1 x Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob

1 x GM Tube

1 x Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob

1 x Cov Roj Teeb (tsis muaj roj teeb)

3 x Jumper Xov

4 x noob

1 x Acrylic npog

Nuclear hluav taws xob ntes ntawm haujlwm (luam qhov txuas hauv qab no mus rau qhov browser kom saib):

Cov neeg siv khoom siv peb lub txee Geiger kaw cov vis dis aus:

Sib xws nrog Arduino: (pom zoo UNO R3 Arduino, lossis lwm yam kev xav nrog 5V thiab cuam tshuam sab nraud INT) Internet tuaj yeem rub tawm tau: SPI piv txwv rau Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Logger Arduino Logger Radiation tuaj yeem siv ua tus tswv tsev khoos phis tawj tsim hluav taws xob saib xyuas chaw nres tsheb.

Kauj Ruam 1: Dab Tsi Yog Dab Tsi?

world-nuclear.org/nuclear-basics/what-is-radiation.aspx

Cov hluav taws xob yog lub zog taug kev los ntawm qhov chaw. Tshav ntuj yog ib hom kev paub tshaj plaws ntawm hluav taws xob. Nws muab lub teeb, cua sov thiab suntans. Thaum txaus siab thiab nyob ntawm nws, peb tswj peb qhov raug rau nws. Tshaj li qhov hluav taws xob ultraviolet los ntawm lub hnub yog lub zog hluav taws xob ntau dua uas tau siv hauv tshuaj thiab uas peb txhua tus tau txais tsawg koob tshuaj los ntawm qhov chaw, los ntawm huab cua, thiab los ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab pob zeb.

Kauj Ruam 2: Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob hauv Lub Neej Txhua Hnub

www.euradcom.org/top-5-sources-of-radiatio…

TV

Qhov nruab nrab Asmeskas muaj hnub nyoog 2 xyoos saib 4.5 teev TV txhua hnub. Kev siv hluav taws xob hauv TV teeb tsa thiab lub khoos phis tawj saib xyuas muab qhov tsawg kawg ntawm X-rays: 1 mrem ib xyoos rau cov neeg siv khoom ib txwm muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev phom sij txaus ntshai ntxiv rau kev noj qab haus huv xws li rog yog tias koj dhau ob peb teev nyob rau ib hnub tsis muaj neeg nyob ua ntej lub vijtsam.

Radon

Cov roj tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab muab los ntawm kev ua kom cov uranium nkag mus rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ib ntawm 15 lub tsev Asmeskas thiab siv sijhawm nyob hauv lawv qab daus. Hmoov zoo, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas koj lub tsev rau qib siab ntawm radon thiab ua cov kauj ruam tsim nyog los tiv thaiv koj tsev neeg los ntawm cov pa no los ntawm kev sab laj www.epa.gov.

Kev Kho Mob

Pom tseeb ib tus tsis dhau cov txheej txheem kev kho mob niaj hnub, tab sis raws li qhov tshwm sim ntau tshaj plaws rau cov neeg Asmeskas tshaj li qhov keeb kwm yav dhau los hluav taws xob, cov duab kho mob hais txog. Cov txheej txheem kho mob xws li kho hniav lossis hauv siab xoo hluav taws xob xa 10 mrem rau tus neeg mob. Mammograms nkag mus rau ntawm 138 mrem ib daim duab, thiab CT scan tuaj yeem xa mus txog 1, 000. Cov txheej txheem ntau dua txawm tias siv tshuaj ntau dua, txoj hnyuv loj, ua rau 10, 000 mrem, uas ua rau koj muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav 1%. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tus kws kho mob pom zoo ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem no, koj zoo dua los ntawm kev pheej hmoo hluav taws xob ntau dua li tsis kam ua.

Xov tooj ntawm tes

Cov xov tooj ntawm tes tso tawm cov xov tooj cua ib txwm muaj, daim ntawv uas tsis yog-ionizing ntawm hluav taws xob, txawm hais tias qhov koob tshuaj tsawg txaus uas tsis muaj kev tsim teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem nrhiav paub ntau ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas zam kev tawg ntawm xov tooj ntawm tes.

Haus luam yeeb

Nws yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov luam yeeb ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv txawm tias dhau ntawm cov carcinogens hauv cov feem ntawm cov pa luam yeeb koj lub cev siv nrog txhua qhov nqus. Cov neeg haus luam yeeb hnyav tau nce lawv cov hluav taws xob los ntawm 870 mrem hauv ib xyoos-ntau dua ob npaug lossis txawm tias peb npaug lawv qhov raug piv rau cov tsis haus luam yeeb. Nco ntsoov tias feem ntau cov khoom quotidian thiab tus cwj pwm tus kheej nthuav tawm koj rau dab tsi, thaum kawg, yog qhov tsawg ntawm hluav taws xob. Txhawm rau kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog cov peev txheej thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws xob, sab laj nrog International Atomic Energy Agency qhov kev tshawb pom pom ntawm hluav taws xob hauv lub neej niaj hnub.

Kauj Ruam 3: Soldering Geiger Counter

Nov yog lub sijhawm ncua ntawm kev sib sau ua ke ntawm EMI sojntsuam raws li arduino nano

Kauj Ruam 4: Siv Geiger Counter Nrog Arduino

Txuas P3 tus pin GND, 5V, VIN rau arduino GND, 5V, Digital 2 feem.

Tom qab ntawd hauv arduino IDE software qhib cov ntaub ntawv: spi_rad_logger.ino uas koj tuaj yeem pom ntawm no

Nco ntsoov hloov qhov Serial.print (cpm) hais kom Serial.println (cpm) hauv qhov khoob khoob () {} kom nyeem tau zoo dua.

Rub tawm qhov program mus rau Arduino board thiab qhib lub qhov rooj qhov rooj nkag los ntawm txhaj rau ntawm qhov muaj nyob ntawm kaum sab xis.

Tom qab ntawd peb yuav tau txais cov nqi hluav taws xob tso tawm hauv CPM, ntsuas ib feeb twg uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus rau uSv/h nrog qhov ntsuas 151 (151CPM = 1uSv/h).

Kauj Ruam 5: Kev Raug Rho Tawm

fr.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?hspart=ddc&…

www.reuters.com/article/us-how-much-radia…

Tib neeg raug rau hluav taws xob ntuj ntawm 2-3 mSv ib xyoos.

Hauv kev kuaj CT, lub cev tau tshawb fawb feem ntau tau txais koob tshuaj hluav taws xob ntawm 15 mSv rau tus neeg laus txog 30 mSv hauv tus menyuam mos. Kev tshaj tawm Ib qho xoo hluav taws xob hauv lub cev cuam tshuam txog li 0.02 mSv, thaum kho hniav tuaj yeem yog 0.01 mSv. * Raug rau 100 mSv ib xyoos yog qib qis tshaj plaws uas muaj kev pheej hmoo pheej hmoo kis mob qog noj ntshav tau pom tseeb. Kev suav sau 1, 000 mSv (1 sievert) tej zaum yuav ua rau mob qog noj ntshav ntau xyoo tom qab hauv tsib tawm ntawm txhua 100 tus neeg raug nws. * Muaj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj cuam tshuam nrog kev txhaj tshuaj ntau ntawm 90 mSv los ntawm ob lossis peb CT scan nrog kev pheej hmoo pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav. Cov pov thawj muaj pov thawj txaus ntseeg rau cov neeg laus thiab ntseeg tau heev rau menyuam yaus. * Cov tshuaj tawg loj lossis kis tau hluav taws xob hnyav ua rau lub hauv paus poob siab, cov qe ntshav liab thiab dawb, uas cuam tshuam rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, ua rau tus neeg raug tsim txom tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam kev kis mob. Piv txwv li, ib zaug ib zaug sievert (1, 000 mSv) koob ua rau mob qog noj ntshav xws li xeev siab, ntuav, tso ntshav, tab sis tsis tuag. Ib koob tshuaj ntawm 5 tus kws kho mob yuav tua kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov raug rau nws hauv ib hlis. * Raug rau 350 mSv yog tus qauv rau kev txav chaw neeg tom qab Chernobyl raug xwm txheej, raws li World Nuclear Association.