DIY 2.1 Class AB Hi -Fi Audio Amplifier - Hauv qab $ 5: 10 Cov Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Hav sawv daws! Hnub no kuv yuav qhia koj li cas kuv tau tsim Lub Suab Amplifier rau 2.1 channel system (Sab laug-Txoj Cai thiab Subwoofer). Tom qab ze li 1 lub hlis ntawm kev tshawb fawb, tsim qauv, thiab sim, Kuv tau los nrog qhov tsim no.

Hauv cov lus qhia no, Kuv yuav taug kev koj los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim suab nrov. Ua ntej tshaj, kuv yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas xaiv IC zoo meej rau koj txoj haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd, Kuv yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas thiaj nrhiav tau qhov tsim nyog rau txhua qhov khoom siv hauv Circuit Court, thiab yuav hloov pauv li cas thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas. Thaum kawg, thaum kawg, kuv yuav qhia koj qee cov lus qhia kom tshem tawm txhua hom suab nrov.

Tom qab dhau los ntawm kev qhia tag nrho, txhua tus tuaj yeem tsim lawv tus kheej lub tshuab hluav taws xob rau cov ntawv thov sib txawv. Kuv yuav sim ua cov lus qhia no luv li sai tau thiab nkag siab yooj yim rau txhua tus.

Zoo txaus rau kev taw qhia. Cia peb pib

Kauj Ruam 1: Xaiv IC rau Amplifier

Yog lawm, yog li leej twg tuaj yeem tsis meej pem ntawm ntau txoj kev xaiv muaj rau lub tshuab tso suab ICs. Nws yog txoj haujlwm nyuaj los hla ntau daim ntawv teev npe. Yog li, ntawm no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kuv kev tshuaj xyuas rau qee tus ICs nto moo hauv Is Nrias teb.

Sab saum toj suab amplifier ICs:

1. TDA7294 Cov Ntaub Ntawv

• 100V - 100W DMOS audio amplifier nrog ntsiag to
• Kev tiv thaiv luv luv
• Muaj peev xwm muab 200W ua ke

2. LM3886 Cov Ntaub Ntawv

• Kev Ua Tau Zoo 68W Suab Lub Hwj Huam Amplifier w/Mute
• Ntau Yam Ntau Yam 20V - 94V
• Teeb liab-rau-Noise piv ≥ 92dB
• Suab zoo tshaj

3. LA4440/CD4440 Cov Ntaub Ntawv

• Built-in 2 Channels (Dual) Tso Cai Siv Hauv Lub Stereo thiab Bridge Amplifier Applications.
• Dual: 6 W × 2 (ntaus ntawv); Choj: 19 W (hom.)
• Yam tsawg kawg ntawm Qhov Chaw Sab Nraud Yuav Tsum Tau

4. TDA2050Datasheet

• 32 W hi-fi audio amplifier
• Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob dav dav, nce txog 50 V.
• Pheej yig thiab yooj yim los hloov

5. TDA2030Datasheet

• 14 W hi-fi audio amplifier
• Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob dav dav, mus txog 36 V
• Pheej yig thiab yooj yim los hloov
• Tuaj yeem txuas rau lub zog ntau dua

Thaum xaiv IC, xav txog koj qhov kev cia siab los ntawm Amplifier thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm koj txoj haujlwm. Yog tias koj xav tau lub zog wattage siab nrog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv chav kawm suab zoo ces mus rau TDA7294 lossis LM3886. Tab sis, yog tias koj tsuas yog xav tsav 5W, 10W lossis 20W hais lus dua, 4rd thiab 5 qhov kev xaiv yog qhov zoo tshaj rau koj. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem txiav txim siab LA4440 yog tias koj xav tau kev yooj yim dua (ob sab laug thiab sab xis hauv ib qho IC).

Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum xaiv lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem xa lub zog sib npaug rau ob npaug ntawm tus hais lus ntsuas lub zog. Qhov no txhais tau tias tus neeg hais lus nrog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm 8 ohms thiab kev ntsuas ntawm 5 watts yuav xav tau lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem tsim 10 watts rau hauv 8-ohm load. Rau lub tso suab ob tog ntawm tus hais lus, lub zog yuav tsum tau ntsuas ntawm 10 watts ib channel rau 8 ohms.

Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog Amplifiers, nyem qhov no

Kauj Ruam 2: Qhov Chaw thiab Cov Cuab Yeej

Kuv xav tsav ob 5W tus hais lus rau Sab laug thiab Txoj Cai uas kuv tau muab rho tawm los ntawm CRT TV qub. Yog li, TDA2030 yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kuv tab sis, koj tuaj yeem xaiv TDA2050 rau kev tsim Sab laug thiab Txoj cai ib yam nkaus.

Cov cuab yeej -

1. Multimeter
2. Qhov chaw nres tsheb Soldering
3. Kub kua nplaum phom
4. Pliers
5. Cutter
6. Shrink tubing

Rau TDA2030 Lub tso suab tso suab (Sab laug+Txoj Cai) -

1. TDA2030 (2)
2. Hais lus (2)
3. Preboard
4. 3.5mm lub tso suab tso suab
5. 1N4007 Diode (2*2)
6. Potentiometer lossis Trimpot 10K/22K (2)
7. Potentiometer pob qhov rooj (yeem)
8. Resistor 10 (1*2), 100k (4*2), 3.7k (1*2)
9. Ceramic Capacitor 100nF (2*2)
10. Electrolytic Capacitor 1uF (1*2), 100uF (1*2), 2uF (1*2), 22uF (1*2), 2200uF (1*2)
11. Fais fab mov: Hloov pauv lossis DC adapter 12V 2Amp (min)
12. Thaum tshav kub kub dab dej (2)

Rau TDA2050 Subwoofer -

1. TDA2050 (1)
2. Cov subwoofer (1)
3. Preboard
4. Potentiometer lossis Trimpot 10K/22K (1)
5. Potentiometer pob qhov rooj (yeem)
6. Resistor 10 (1), 100k (4), 3.3k (1)
7. Ceramic Capacitor 100nF (2)
8. Electrolytic Capacitor 1uF (1), 1000uF (2), 2uF (1*2), 22uF (1)
9. Fais fab mov: Hloov pauv lossis DC adapter 24V 2Amp (pom zoo)
10. Thaum tshav kub kub tog

Rau Tsawg Pass Lim -

1. RC4558 (1)
2. Resister: 100K (2), 560 (2), 22K (1)
3. Capacitor: 1uF (1), 104j (2)
4. Fais fab muab hluav taws xob 9V rau 12V

Tam sim no cia pib nrog TDA2030 Amplifier.

Kauj Ruam 3: Lub tso suab Amplifier Circuit

Raws li cov ntawv teev tseg, TDA2030 tuaj yeem tso tawm 9 Watts rau hauv 8 Ω tus neeg hais lus nrog 0.5% cuam tshuam ntawm 14 V fais fab mov.

Qhov tseeb, Koj tuaj yeem tau txais daim ntawv thov pib yooj yim rau yuav luag txhua IC hauv daim ntawv teev npe. Hauv TDA2030 cov ntawv teev tseg, muaj ob lub voj voog, ib qho uas muaj lub zog siv hluav taws xob thiab ib qho ntxiv nrog lub zog faib hluav taws xob. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv ib lub voj voog raws li qhov koj xav tau. Kuv yuav siv ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob ib zaug vim tias kuv yuav ua lub zog los ntawm 12 DC adapter. Rau kev faib hluav taws xob faib, koj yuav xav tau 12-0-12 hloov pauv.

Ua ntej, cia peb sim qhov Circuit Court. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem pom nws ua haujlwm li cas. Daim duab hluav taws xob tau tsim nrog Proteus.

Kuaj txhua yam tawm thiab xyuas kom tseeb tias koj lub Circuit Court yuav ua haujlwm ua ntej koj pib siv cov laug.

Nco tseg: C2 thiab R7 xov hlau tsis txuas nrog. (Simulation Fig.)

Kauj Ruam 4: Hloov Kho Circuit

Cia peb pom qhov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv hauv Circuit Court. Kuv yuav siv cov txheej txheem saum toj no, uas yog tib yam li ib qho hauv cov ntawv teev npe, tab sis nrog qee qhov kev hloov kho kom teeb tsa tau nce, bandwidth thiab pab lim tawm suab nrov.

1. Tau

Cov Circuit hauv cov ntawv teev npe muaj qhov nce ntawm 33 thiab yuav ua rau muaj qhov txawv txav. Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo los siv rau kev mloog hauv tsev yog nyob ib puag ncig 27 txog 30dB. Qhov kev teeb tsa no tsis siab txaus ua rau muaj qhov txawv txav thiab yuav muab rau koj ntau yam ntim.

Tau = 1+R1/R2if R1 = 100kthen, R2 = 3.7k

2. Zobel Network

Zobel network pab tiv thaiv kev sib kis uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob ntawm cov hais lus xov. Nws kuj tseem ua lub lim los tiv thaiv xov tooj cua cuam tshuam los ntawm tus neeg hais lus xov hlau los ntawm kev nkag mus rau qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov lus tawm tswv yim. C6 thiab R8 tsim Zobel network ntawm lub suab nrov tso tawm.

C6 = 100nF thiab R8 = 10ohms, uas muab kev txiav tawm txiav tawm (fc) ntawm:

fc = 1/(2*pi*R*C) fc = 159KHz

159 kHz siab dua 20 kHz txwv tsis pub tib neeg hnov thiab zoo dua hauv xov tooj cua ntau zaus, yog li cov txiaj ntsig no yuav ua haujlwm zoo. Yog tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob oscillates, R6 yuav dhau qhov dej ntws mus rau hauv av yog li nws yuav tsum muaj lub zog ntsuas tsawg kawg 1 Watt.

3. Bass

Capacitor C7 hauv daim duab. yog siv los teeb tsa cov ntses bass thaj tsam rau cov hais lus, siab dua tus nqi hluav taws xob zoo dua cov lus teb ntses bass thaj tsam ntawm tus hais lus. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv lub peev xwm sib txawv los hloov cov ntses bass thaj tsam. (Qhov ntses bass thaj tsam no tsis cuam tshuam nrog subwoofer)

Ntsis: Thaum kuv tab tom tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob no, kuv tsis ntseeg vim li cas peb thiaj siv cov capacitors ntxiv thiab cov resistors, lawv ua dab tsi, thiab ua li cas yog tias peb tshem tawm lawv. Koj tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej cov lus nug no yog tias koj yog tus nyiam siv hluav taws xob. Mus dhau nplooj 10 ntu 4.3 hauv cov ntawv teev npe kom tau txais lub tswv yim ntxhib.

Tab sis kuv pom zoo qhov kev qhia txaus los ntawm Circuit Basics. Kab lus no npog tag nrho cov ntsiab lus xav tau hauv qhov tob.

Nco tseg: Kuv yuav ua raws daim duab saum toj no.

Kauj Ruam 5: Txuas 3.5mm Jack

Yog tias koj muaj lub xov tooj cua (nrog lub mloog) lossis lub mloog pob ntseg, tom qab ntawd lub ntsuas qhov ntsuas yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws los tshuaj xyuas kev sib txuas thiab nrhiav kom paub G-L-R txuas. Yog tias koj tsis muaj lub mloog xov tooj cua ces koj tuaj yeem siv txiv neej lossis poj niam txuas.

Txuas 3.5mm jack rau xov tooj thiab lwm sab qhib xov hlau rau lub suab nrov. Sab laug mus rau sab laug lub suab nrov thiab sab xis mus rau sab xis lub suab nrov nrog thaj chaw ib puag ncig.

Txheeb cov duab txuas rau siv.

Kauj Ruam 6: Tsim lub Amplifier

Pib tsim nrog tsuas yog ib txoj hauv kev ntawm peb lub tso suab tso suab. Ua tib zoo tsim lub Circuit Court ntawm perfboard, koj tuaj yeem siv kev pab ntawm PCB cov qauv tsim muaj nyob hauv cov ntawv teev npe. Yog tias koj muaj kev ua xyem xyav, koj tuaj yeem xub siv lub khob cij los txheeb xyuas qhov Circuit Court. Tab sis nco ntsoov sib sau ua ke rau ntawm lub khob cij yuav muaj ntau lub xov hlau qhib uas yuav ua rau muaj suab nrov ntau hauv tus hais lus. Yog li, tsis txhob xav tias lub voj voog tsis raug thaum koj tau hnov los yog hum.

Ntxiv Potentiometer ua ntej lub capacitor C2 (Kauj Ruam 4 Daim Duab.) Rau kev tswj ntim, nws kuj tseem ua tau zoo los txo qis kev cuam tshuam. Kuv siv lub trimpot rau lub hom phiaj no thiab teeb tsa tus nqi ntawm trimpot xws li yuav tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub xov tooj siab tshaj plaws.

Tom qab tshuaj xyuas thiab sim thawj lub channel, rov ua cov txheej txheem thiab clone qhov tseeb hauv ib qho ntawm ib qho lossis lwm qhov perfboard. Tam sim no koj muaj ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob mono, txuas sab laug kab xaim rau ib qho amp, thiab txoj cai channel xaim mus rau lwm qhov amp nrog rau hauv av rau ob qho tib si. Siv qhov sib txawv trimpot rau txhua channel thiab teeb tsa tus nqi trimpot tib yam rau ob txoj hauv kev kom txhua txoj hauv kev yuav muaj tib lub ntim.

Koj tuaj yeem siv lub hwj chim ntsuas hluav taws xob (hloov pauv ntawm trimpot) yog tias koj xav hloov lub suab nrov nrov ntau zaus. Kuv qhia koj kom siv Dual Taper Potentiometer los tswj hwm Sab laug thiab Txoj Cai suab tib lub sijhawm.

Lub zog siv hluav taws xob: Lub zog siv hluav taws xob uas koj yuav siv yuav tsum yog ob npaug ntawm lub zog xav tau xws li rau ob 5W tus neeg hais lus yuav tsum muaj lub zog 20W rau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.

Ntawm no kuv yuav siv 12V 2Amp DC adapter (P = 24W) rau ob txoj hauv kev.

NCO TSEG: Txheeb Kauj Ruam 9: Txo Qes Qis, ua ntej ua tiav qhov Circuit Court ntawm perfboard.

Kauj Ruam 7: Sub-Woofer Circuit