Arduino 101: Chav Kawm Los Ntawm Tus Txiv Neej Tech: 4 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Kuv vam tias, ntau tus neeg, tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg tshiab, uas xav dhia dej mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm Arduino, yuav pom qhov no thiab lwm yam kuv kab lus/Qhia (uas kuv yuav tshaj tawm tsis tu ncua) muaj txiaj ntsig.

Qhov no yuav tsis zoo li ib txwm Luam-&-Muab tshuaj txhuam cov lus qhia. Nws yuav ntau dua li.

Nyob zoo! Kuv yog Roman thiab kuv yog Tus Tsim PHP Nruab Nrab.

Qhov no yuav tau txais qee qhov keeb kwm yav dhau los, yog li yog tias koj xav mus rau kauj ruam tom ntej - tsuas yog nqes mus rau qhov Yuav Tsum Muaj.

Kuv tau pib ua haujlwm thaum kuv muaj 10 xyoo thiab nws tau ua qhov cuam tshuam loj heev rau kuv. Vim tias nws yog qhov nthuav - Kuv tsis ntseeg. Dhau li, tsis muaj ntau tus txiv neej uas muaj hnub nyoog ntawm kuv tau tuaj yeem nthuav qhia cov txuj ci zoo li no hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Nws yog txawm tias ua ntej peb tau pib kawm Informatics, raws li cov ncauj lus, thiab Programming hauv chav kawm.

Yog li, kuv tsuas yog xav pab tib neeg. Txhawm rau ua rau lawv lub neej yooj yim dua thiab muab qee yam cuab yeej, uas yuav pab lawv tawm tsam qhov niaj hnub ua thiab daws qee yam teeb meem. Thiab 2 xyoos dhau los kuv tuaj nrog Arduino, ntxiv rau.

Tom qab ntawd, Kuv tau txiav txim siab mus nrog qee yam kev kawm thiab tsim cov khoom zoo li no. Tom qab ntawd, Kuv yuav ua cov vis dis aus hauv Youtube, qhov twg Koj yuav pom, yuav teeb tsa li cas thiab ua tej yam kom tau txais kev sib tw zoo tshaj plaws.

Tab sis ntawm no, Koj yuav tau txais ntau ntxiv txog cov cai tseem ceeb los ntawm kuv. Kub kom tsim cov cai kom raug, dab tsi yog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm txoj haujlwm thiab vim li cas lawv thiaj li tseem ceeb. Txhua yam peb ua - yog Engineering. Thiab tsis muaj chaw rau qhov ua yuam kev. Yog li, nyeem kom meej thiab yog tias koj yuav los nrog qee cov lus nug - tsuas yog muab tso rau hauv cov lus.

Kauj Ruam 1: Txhim Kho Cov Software Uas Xav Tau/Tau Txais Cov Khoos Phis Tawj

Txhawm rau pib txheej txheem ntawm txoj kev txhim kho, Koj yuav xav tau:

Software

- Visual Studio Code

- Platform. IO

Kho vajtse

- Ib ntawm Arduino Boards (Mega 2560, Nano, Leonardo, thiab lwm yam)

- Cov qhob cij

-Dupont xov hlau (Txiv neej-rau-Txiv neej)

- Resistors ntawm ntau yam nominal

- RGB Leds

- Cov lus qhia, thiab lwm yam

Kauj Ruam 2: Lub Ntsiab Cai Kawm Ntawv

Yog tias koj xav sau kom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab nkag siab cov cai, Koj yuav tsum tau paub ntau ntxiv txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Hauv peb qhov piv txwv ntawm qhov project, peb yuav ua raws cov hauv paus ntsiab lus tom ntej:

- SOLID

Qhuav (Tsis txhob rov ua koj tus kheej)

- KISS (Khaws Nws Yooj Yim)

- YAGNI (Koj Tsis Xav Tau Nws)

SOLID yog dab tsi?

SOLID tuaj yeem txhais ua:

- [S] Lub Luag Haujlwm Ib Leeg (Txhua chav kawm yog lub luag haujlwm rau ib hom kev nyiam)

- [O] Open-Closed Principle (Classes nor Objects are Open to be extended, but modified)

- [L] Liskov Kev Hloov Chaw (Cov Chav Kawm lossis Cov Phiaj Xwm tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm lawv cov subtypes yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj)

- [Kuv] Kev sib cais sib cais (Zoo dua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb ntau dua, tsis txhob muaj ib qho thoob ntiaj teb)

- [D] Kev sib hloov kev vam khom (Cov chav kawm yuav tsum tsim los ntawm kev paub daws teeb meem)

DRY yog dab tsi?

Qhuav txhais tau tias Tsis Rov Ua Koj Tus Kheej. Yog li, thaum Koj ua qee qhov kev daws teeb meem thiab Koj pom, tias muaj qee txoj hauv kev uas zoo ib yam - tsuas yog ua chav pab nrog cov txheej txheem no (txawm tias yuav hu tau zoo li qub) kom nws yooj yim li sai tau. Tab sis qhov no yog lwm zaj dab neeg.

KISS yog dab tsi?

KISS sawv rau Khaws Nws Yooj Yim. Nws txhais tau tias, tag nrho Koj cov kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum muaj kab tsawg ntawm cov cai raws li ua tau, tab sis kuj yuav tsis ua kom yooj yim dua tag nrho chav kawm.

YAGNI yog dab tsi?

YAGNI sawv rau Koj Tsis Xav Tau Nws. Nws txhais tau tias, Koj Yuav tsum tsim cov chav kawm thiab ua haujlwm zoo li ntawd, txhua yam ntawm nws, lossis feem ntau, yuav siv. Vim tias yog tias nws yuav tsis yog - tom qab tshem tawm yam xyuam xim zoo li Koj tsis xav tau. Yooj yim.

Sim ua kom koj cov cai huv li sai tau.

Kauj Ruam 3: Cov phiaj xwm

Cov kauj ruam no yuav muaj thiab yuav txuas ntxiv mus, vim yog cov phiaj xwm nrog cov piv txwv thiab cov tsev qiv ntawv, Koj yuav muaj peev xwm rab rawg thiab siv tau.

Ntxiv rau, Kuv yuav sim tsim qhov txuas ntxiv rau VS Code kom muaj koj lub peev xwm rub tawm cov ntawv xav tau hauv koj li haujlwm.

Nco ntsoov, cov phiaj xwm uas tsis muaj kev txuas tseem tsis tau ua tiav thiab yuav ua tiav yav tom ntej. Kuv sim ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv qhia raws li kuv tuaj yeem ua. Thiab tom qab - Kuv yuav tua cov vis dis aus thiab ntxiv lawv raws li cov lus qhia rau Koj kom ua raws.

• Yooj Yim LED Qij Tswj
• LED's + Potentiometer (Kev ntsuas lub zog ntawm lub zog potentiometer rau suav ntawm LED's)
• Chaw nres tsheb yooj yim huab cua (v1; Vaum + Kub)
• Advanced Weather Station w/ LCD 1602 (v2)
• Chaw Nres Tsheb Huab Cua V2 + Chaw (v3)
• Advanced Chaw Nres Tsheb Huab Cua v3 + IR (Infrared Chaw Taws Teeb) Tswj rau zaub (v4)
• Chaw Nres Tsheb Huab Cua V4 + Qhia lub xeev nrog LED's (v5)
• Yooj yim RFID nyeem ntawv (v1)
• Advanced RFID Reader v1 w/ Qhia cov ntaub ntawv ntawm LCD 1602 thiab 0.91 'OLED Display (I2C) (v2)
• Advanced RFID Reader v2 w/ Relay Control (v3)
• Yooj Yim Ib Leeg-SIM Chaw Nres Tsheb (v1)
• Advanced Single-SIM Station w/ 0.91 'OLED Display (v2)
• Advanced Dual-SIM Chaw Nres Tsheb w/ 0.91 'OLED Display (v1)
• Advanced Dual-SIM Chaw Nres Tsheb v1 w/ SMS Xa
• Vending Tshuab
• Yooj Yim RGB Sawb WS8212b Tswj (v1)
• Advanced RGB Sawb WS8212b Tswj v1 w/ Xim + Tswj kev ci ci (Potentiometer + Nyees khawm) (v2)
• Advanced RGB Sawb WS8212b Tswj v1 nrog IRVending Tshuab

Txhua qhov haujlwm thiab tsev qiv ntawv yuav muaj nyob ntawm GitHub.

Kauj Ruam 4: Cov Txheej Txheem Yav Tom Ntej Yuav Tshaj Tawm

7-8 Lub Peb Hlis '20- Yooj Yim LED Qhib Kev Tswj- LED's + Potentiometer (Kev ntsuas lub zog ntawm lub zog potentiometer rau suav ntawm LED's)