Arduino - PV MPPT Hnub Ci Charger: 6 Cov Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Muaj ntau tus nqi tswj hwm muaj nyob hauv kev ua lag luam. cov tswj hwm tus nqi pheej yig zoo ib yam tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los siv lub zog siab tshaj plaws los ntawm hnub ci Panels. Cov uas ua tau zoo, raug nqi ntau heev.

Yog li kuv txiav txim siab los ua kuv tus kheej tus tswj hwm tus nqi uas ua tau zoo, thiab ntse txaus kom nkag siab txog lub roj teeb xav tau thiab hnub ci. nws yuav siv qhov tsim nyog los kos qhov muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws los ntawm hnub ci thiab muab tso rau hauv lub roj teeb kom zoo.

Yog tias koj nyiam kuv qhov ua tau zoo dua li thov VOTE cov lus qhia no.

Kauj Ruam 1: MPPT yog dab tsi thiab Vim Li Cas Peb Xav Tau Nws?

Peb lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag yog ruam thiab tsis ntse kom nkag siab txog cov roj teeb. Xav tias peb muaj 12v/100 watt hnub ci vaj huam sib luag thiab nws yuav muab qhov tso tawm ntawm 18V-21V nyob ntawm cov khoom lag luam, tab sis cov roj teeb tau ntsuas rau 12v nominal voltage, ntawm tus nqi them tas nrho lawv yuav yog 13.6v thiab yuav yog 11.0v tag nrho tawm. tam sim no cia xav tias peb lub roj teeb nyob ntawm 13v them, vaj huam sib luag muab 18v, 5.5A ntawm 100% kev ua haujlwm tau zoo (tsis tuaj yeem muaj 100% tab sis cia xav tias). cov tswj hwm ib txwm muaj PWM qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ckt uas txo qhov hluav taws xob mus rau 13.6, tab sis tsis muaj qhov nce tam sim no. nws tsuas yog muab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kev them nyiaj ntau dhau thiab xau tam sim no rau cov vaj huam sib luag thaum hmo ntuj.

Yog li peb muaj 13.6v*5.5A = 74.8 watt.

Peb xoob kwv yees li 25 watt.

Txhawm rau ntsib qhov teeb meem no kuv tau siv smps buck converter. cov kev hloov pauv no muaj siab dua 90% kev ua haujlwm.

Qhov teeb meem thib ob uas peb muaj yog qhov tsis tawm ntawm cov hnub ci ci. lawv yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntawm qee qhov hluav taws xob kom sau tau lub zog siab tshaj plaws. Lawv cov zis sib txawv dhau hnub.

Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no MPPT cov txheej txheem tau siv. MPPT (Lub Hwj Chim Siab Tshaj Plaws Tshaj Plaws) raws li lub npe qhia txog qhov txheej txheem no taug qab lub zog muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws los ntawm cov vaj huam sib luag thiab sib txawv ntawm qhov tso tawm kom tsis txhob mob ntxiv.

Yog li los ntawm kev siv MPPT peb cov vaj huam sib luag yuav tsim hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws thiab cov hloov pauv nyiaj yuav muab qhov nqi no kom zoo rau hauv roj teeb.

Kauj Ruam 2: MPPT Ua Haujlwm Li Cas?

Kuv, kuv yuav tsis tham txog qhov no ntxaws. yog li yog koj xav nkag siab nws tau saib rau qhov txuas no -MPPT yog dab tsi?

Hauv txoj haujlwm no kuv tau taug qab cov yam ntxwv V-I thiab cov txiaj ntsig V-Kuv ib yam. los ntawm kev sib tshooj V-I thiab tso tawm V-I peb tuaj yeem muaj lub zog hauv watts.

cia hais tias peb muaj 17 V, 5 A piv txwv li 17x5 = 85 watt txhua lub sijhawm ntawm hnub ntawd. tib lub sijhawm peb cov zis yog 13 V, 6A piv txwv li 13x6 = 78 Watt.

Tam sim no MPPT yuav nce lossis txo qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm los ntawm kev sib piv rau yav dhau los cov tswv yim/tso tawm lub zog.

yog yav dhau los lub hwj chim nkag siab thiab tso zis hluav taws xob qis dua tam sim no ces cov zis hluav taws xob yuav qis dua kom rov qab mus rau lub zog siab thiab yog tias qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm siab dua tam sim no qhov hluav taws xob tam sim no yuav nce mus rau qib dhau los. yog li nws ua oscillating ncig qhov siab tshaj plaws taw tes. qhov kev hloov pauv no tau txo qis los ntawm kev ua tau zoo MPPT cov txheej txheem.

Kauj Ruam 3: Siv MPPT ntawm Arduino

Nov yog lub hlwb ntawm lub charger no. Hauv qab no yog Arduino txoj cai tswj hwm qhov tso tawm thiab siv MPPT hauv ib txoj cai nkaus xwb.

// Iout = tso zis tam sim no

// Vout = tso zis voltage

// Vin = input voltage

// Tus pin = lub zog tawm tswv yim, Pin_previous = lub zog tawm tswv yim zaum kawg

// Vout_last = qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm zaum kawg, Vout_sense = tam sim no tso zis hluav taws xob

void tswj (ntab Iout, ntab Vin, ntab Vout) {yog ((Vout> Vout_max) || (Iout> Iout_max) || ((Pin> Pin_previous && Vout_sense <Vout_last) || (PinVout_last)))

{

yog (duty_cycle> 0)

{

duty_cycle -= 1;

}

analogWrite (buck_pin, duty_cycle);

}

lwm yog ((VoutVout_last) || (PiB

{

yog (duty_cycle <240)

{lub luag haujlwm_cycle+= 1;

}

analogWrite (buck_pin, duty_cycle);

}

Pin_previous = Pin;

Vin_last = Vin;

Vout_last = Vout;

}

Kauj ruam 4: Buck Converter

Kuv tau siv N-channel mosfet los ua tus hloov pauv. feem ntau tib neeg xaiv P-channel mosfet rau sab siab hloov pauv thiab yog tias lawv xaiv N-channel mosfet rau tib lub hom phiaj dua li tus tsav tsheb IC yuav xav tau lossis khau raj strapping ckt.

tab sis kuv hloov kho tus nqi hloov pauv ckt kom muaj qis qis hloov pauv siv N-channel mosfet. i, m siv N-channel vim tias cov no yog tus nqi qis, ntsuas lub zog siab thiab txo qis zog. txoj haujlwm no siv IRFz44n logic qib mosfet, yog li nws tuaj yeem ncaj qha tsav los ntawm tus pin Arduino PWM.

rau qhov siab dua tam sim no ib tus yuav tsum siv lub transistor los thov 10V ntawm lub qhov rooj kom tau txais mosfet rau hauv kev ua kom tiav thiab txo qis lub zog tso tawm, kuv kuj tau ua ib yam.

raws li koj tuaj yeem pom hauv ckt saum toj no kuv tau tso lub mosfet ntawm -v voltage, yog li siv +12v los ntawm vaj huam sib luag li hauv av. qhov kev teeb tsa no tso cai rau kuv siv N-channel mosfet rau pob hloov pauv nrog cov khoom siv yam tsawg kawg nkaus.

tab sis nws kuj muaj qee qhov tsis zoo. raws li koj muaj ob sab -v qhov hluav taws xob sib cais, koj tsis muaj ib qho siv hauv paus ntxiv lawm. yog li ntsuas ntawm voltages yog qhov nyuaj heev.

Kuv tau txuas nrog Arduino ntawm Solar input terminals thiab siv nws -ve kab li hauv av rau arduino. peb tuaj yeem ntsuas cov tswv yim nkag tau yooj yim ntawm qhov no los ntawm kev siv lub zog faib hluav taws xob ckt raws li qhov peb xav tau. tab sis tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm kom yooj yim vim peb tsis muaj ib qho hauv av.

Tam sim no los ua qhov no muaj kev dag ntxias. es tsis txhob ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob, kuv tau ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob nruab nrab ntawm ob -kab. siv hnub ci -ve ua av rau arduino thiab tso zis -v raws li lub teeb liab/qhov hluav taws xob kom ntsuas. tus nqi uas koj tau txais nrog qhov ntsuas no yuav tsum raug rho tawm los ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntsuas thiab koj yuav tau txais qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob tiag tiag hla cov zis hluav taws xob.

Vout_sense_temp = Vout_sense_temp*0.92+ntab (raw_vout)*volt_factor*0.08; // ntsuas volatge hla input gnd thiab output gnd.

Vout_sense = Vin_sense-Vout_sense_temp-diode_volt; // hloov qhov sib txawv qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub hauv paus rau cov zis hluav taws xob..

Txog kev ntsuas tam sim no kuv tau siv ACS-712 kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas tam sim no. Lawv tau siv los ntawm arduino thiab txuas nrog rau kev nkag mus gnd.

timers sab hauv tau hloov kho kom tau txais 62.5 Khz PWM ntawm tus pin D6. uas yog siv los tsav lub mosfet. qhov tso tawm qhov thaiv diode yuav xav tau los muab cov thim rov qab thiab rov qab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv siv schottky diode ntawm qhov xav tau tam sim no rau lub hom phiaj no. Tus nqi ntawm inductor nyob ntawm qhov zaus thiab tso tawm qhov xav tau tam sim no. koj tuaj yeem siv online muaj cov laij lej hloov pauv lossis siv 100uH 5A-10A thauj khoom. tsis txhob tshaj qhov tso zis ntau tshaj tam sim no ntawm inductor los ntawm 80%-90%.

Kauj Ruam 5: Kov Kawg Kawg -

koj tseem tuaj yeem ntxiv cov yam ntxwv ntxiv rau koj lub charger. zoo li kuv muaj LCD ib yam dhau los tso tawm qhov ntsuas thiab 2 tus hloov pauv kom nkag los ntawm tus neeg siv.

Kuv yuav hloov kho qhov kawg thiab ua tiav daim duab ckt sai sai no.

Kauj Ruam 6: Hloov kho tshiab:- Daim duab Circuit Circuit tiag, BOM & Code

Hloov tshiab:-

Kuv tau tshaj tawm cov cai, foob pob thiab hluav taws xob. nws, txawv me ntsis ntawm kuv, vim nws yooj yim los ua qhov no.