Tsheb Taillight Nrog Twist: 9 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:31

Cia peb ntsib nws. Taillights yog boring.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lawv mus 'ntsais ntsais ntsais - saib kuv! Kuv ntsais muag - woohoo 'txhua lub sijhawm. Thiab lawv ib txwm liab. Muaj tswv yim heev Peb tuaj yeem ua tau zoo dua qhov ntawd, tej zaum tsis ntau, tab sis tseem zoo dua li tsuas yog 'blink blink'. Kuv tau caij kuv lub tsheb kauj vab thaum ua kev zoo siab rau xyoo tshiab thiab tib neeg nyiam nws, thiab tsis yog txhua tus tau qaug cawv;-) Tus so zoo nkauj ncaj nraim rau tom ntej: 2x AA hlwb, txhawb kev hloov pauv rau 5V, qee qhov RGB LEDs, lub luag haujlwm micro tswj, kev cai luam tawm cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob los ntawm BatchPCB, perfboard thiab cov iav ib txwm siv.

Kauj Ruam 1: Cov Qauv Tseem Ceeb

Tsis muaj dab tsi tshwj xeeb. Yog tias koj paub yuav ua li cas xaim AVR nti ntawm lub khob cij los yog Arduino ntawm lub khob cij, yog tias koj nyiam qhov zoo dua, koj yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrog qhov no. Kuv siv KICAD los tsim cov qauv duab thiab cov phiaj xwm luam tawm. KICAD yog qhov qhib thiab tsis zoo li dav dawb hau, uas muaj pub dawb (zoo li tsis tau them nqi) ib yam nkaus, tsis muaj qhov txwv kiag li ntawm cov laug cam uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau. Koj ib yam tau txais cov ntaub ntawv gerber uas ua haujlwm nrog txhua lub tsev zoo uas koj xav tau. Piv txwv li BatchPCB tsis muaj teeb meem nrog lawv.

Hauv cov txheej txheem koj yuav tsuas pom lub cpu, LEDs, ob peb tus tiv thaiv thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Yog tag nrho. Muaj ob peb lub taub hau ib yam nkaus. Cov laug cam muaj ICSP lub taub hau rau ntsais muag lub bootloader thiab 6pin lub taub hau kom yooj yim rau xa tawm. 2 lub taub hau kawg tau tsom iav thiab muaj lub zog, I2C thiab ob qho ntxiv GPIO/ADC pins. 3 GPIO pins nrog 3 qhov txwv tam sim no resistors tau siv los muab tam sim no rau tag nrho 8 anodes ntawm cov xim ib leeg. Cov tib neeg LEDs tau qhib lossis kaw siv 8 GPIO tus pin los tsav cov cathodes. Nyob ntawm seb hom kev lag luam LEDs yog ob qho tib si sib npaug (PWM rau ntau xim) lossis tag nrho ntawm (ci dua). Qee cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov pob khoom kuv siv rau pawg no: - ATmega168-20AU: TQFP32 SMD - LED: PLCC6 5050 SMD - Resistors: 0805 SMD - Capacitors: 0805 SMD, 1206 SMD

Kauj Ruam 2: Txheeb Nrog Cov LEDs

Kuv yuav tsis nkag mus rau qhov nthuav dav ntawm no, vim qhov no tau npog lwm qhov ntau zaus. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum paub tseeb tias koj tsis pub dhau tus tswj hwm micro tso zis ntau tshaj tam sim no rau tus pin (li 35mA lossis yog li rau AVRs). Tib yam muaj tseeb rau LEDs tam sim no. Raws li koj tuaj yeem kwv yees los ntawm daim duab, Kuv tau siv ib qho ntawm SMD LEDs los txiav txim siab tus tiv thaiv piv kom tau txais lub teeb dawb zoo. Muaj peb 2k qee yam potentiometers ntawm lwm sab. Yog tag nrho. Hauv qhov no kuv tau xaus nrog cov neeg tawm tsam xws li ntawm 90 txog 110Ω, tab sis qhov ntawd yog nyob ntawm seb hom LED koj tau txais. Tsuas yog siv tus qauv ntsuas ntsuas los txiav txim siab LED lub zog rau pem hauv ntej V_led thiab koj nyob hauv kev lag luam.

Siv Ohm Txoj Cai, koj tuaj yeem suav qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov txwv tam sim no rau cov LEDs me me xws li: R = (V_bat - V_led) / I_led I_led yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj qhov txwv tam sim no ntawm cov ntu koj siv. Tsis tas li txoj hauv kev no tsuas yog qhov zoo rau daim ntawv thov qis tam sim no (tej zaum txog li 100mA) thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau Luxeon lossis CREE LEDs! Tam sim no dhau los ntawm LEDs yog qhov ntsuas kub thiab yuav tsum siv tus neeg tsav tsheb tas li. Yog tias koj xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv ntawm lub ncauj lus, wikipedia yuav muaj qee cov ntaub ntawv. Tshawb nrhiav hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (qis/siab doping thiab lwm yam) lossis qhov ntsuas kub tsis zoo yuav pab tau. Kuv tau siv 6pin SMD RGB LEDs yam tsis muaj nqi dab tsi. Yog tias koj google rau lawv, koj yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau. Cov txuj ci tseem ceeb yog "SMD, RGB, LED, PLCC6 5050". 5050 yog qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas rau x thiab y hauv chav ntawm 0.1 hli. Ntawm ebay koj yuav pom lawv ib yam nkaus li qis li 50 ¢ ib thooj rau kev xaj khoom ntau. Pob ntawm 10 tam sim no muag rau txog 10 bucks. Kuv yuav tau tsawg kawg 50;-)

Kauj Ruam 3: Backplane & Power Source

Lub dav hlau rov qab muab lub zog thiab lub tsheb npav I2C ib txwm siv rau ob tog. Txhua lub rooj tsavxwm muaj 8 RGB LEDs thiab ATmega168 mcu khiav nrog nws cov oscillator sab hauv ntawm 8MHz. Qhov kawg yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov laug cam thiab/lossis rov ua dua ntawm cov oscillators. Qhov teeb meem no yuav tshwm nyob rau ntu kab lus dua.

Cov txheej txheem rau 5V txhawb kev hloov pauv tau coj los ntawm Maxim MAX756 cov ntawv teev tseg yam tsis muaj kev hloov kho. Koj tuaj yeem siv lwm yam nti uas koj pom zoo uas tuaj yeem muab txog 200mA ntawm 5V. Tsuas yog ua kom ntseeg tau tias sab nrauv suav tsawg. Feem ntau koj yuav xav tau tsawg kawg 2 lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, Schottky diode thiab inductor. Tus qauv siv hauv daim ntawv teev npe muaj txhua tus lej. Kuv siv cov FR4 zoo (iav iav) cov laug cam rau txoj haujlwm no. Cov pheej yig dua raws cov laug cam tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib yam nkaus, tab sis lawv tawg yooj yim heev. Kuv tsis xav kom cov laug cam tawg rau ntawm kev caij tsheb sib tsoo. Yog tias koj twb muaj 'MintyBoost', koj tuaj yeem siv qhov ntawd ib yam yog tias koj tuaj yeem ua kom haum rau koj lub tsheb kauj vab.

Kauj Ruam 4: Koj Yuav Tsum Muaj Qee Txoj Cai

Hauv hom ci ci siab lub rooj tsavxwm txhawb 6 xim sib txawv + dawb. Cov xim tau xaiv los ntawm teeb tsa 3 GPIO pins rau siab lossis qis. Txoj kev ntawd txhua yim LEDs tuaj yeem ua tiav, tab sis tsuas yog qhia tib xim.

Hauv PWM hom xim tau teeb tsa los ntawm kev thov lub plawv dhia dav dav hloov lub teeb liab lub 3 GPIO pins thiab sib tshooj ntawm 8 LEDs. Qhov no txo qis qhov ci ci tag nrho, tab sis tam sim no tus kheej xim tswj tau. Qhov no tau ua tiav tom qab los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ib txwm muaj. Kev ua haujlwm yooj yim muaj rau teeb tsa LEDs tus nqi xim tshwj xeeb, xws li siv RGB triplet lossis tus nqi HUE. Cov cuab yeej tau teeb tsa hauv C siv Arduino IDE kom yooj yim. Kuv tau txuas cov cai tam sim no kuv siv. Cov ntawv hloov kho tshiab muaj nyob ntawm kuv qhov blog. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas GIT chaw cia khoom siv gitweb interface. Ntau qhov kev ua yuam kev yuam kev yuav tshwm sim, Kuv paub tseeb ntawm nws;-) Daim duab thib ob qhia txog PWM tiam. Cov cuab yeej kho vajtse suav los ntawm BOTTOM mus rau TOP. Thaum lub txee loj dua tus lej uas sawv cev rau cov xim uas xav tau, cov zis raug hloov pauv. Thaum lub txee tau mus txog nws TOP tus nqi, txhua yam tau rov pib dua. Qhov pom kev ci ntsa iab ntawm LED yog me ntsis sib piv rau lub sijhawm ntawm lub teeb liab. Nyuaj hais lus uas yog dag, tab sis nkag siab yooj yim dua.

Kauj Ruam 5: Pom Nws Hauv Kev Ua

Tsuas yog qee qhov kev sim ua ntej. Yog lawm nws tuaj yeem ua tag nrho RGB xim ib yam;-)

Kev sim ntiaj teb tiag. Yog lawm peb muaj daus, tab sis qhov ntawd yog ua ntej xmas. Tam sim no peb muaj daus dua. Tab sis, raws li ib txwm muaj, thaum lub caij so Christmas thiab kev ua koob tsheej xyoo tshiab txhua yam peb muaj los nag. Thov tsis quav ntsej kuv yws yws txog ib nrab ntawm cov vis dis aus, Kuv tau laus lawm yog li squatting tau nyuaj me ntsis. Thaum kawg qee qhov cuam tshuam me ntsis txhim kho. Lub hom phiaj ua tiav. Geeky taillights, thiab tsis raug cai qhov twg kuv nyob ib yam;-) Kuv zoo nkauj heev Kuv yuav tsis raug tsis quav ntsej los ntawm kev tsaug zog lossis tsis quav ntsej cov neeg tsav tsheb ntxiv lawm. Los ntawm kev kho lub sijhawm me ntsis, koj tuaj yeem tsim qhov cuam tshuam zoo nkauj uas yog qhov muag zoo. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsaus ntuj. Raws li muaj 4 GPIO/ADC tus pin ntawm cov laug cam (2 yuav siv tau los tsim lub I2C network me me), nws yuav tsum yooj yim los khawm lub laub khawm kom ua rau txhua yam cuam tshuam. Hooking a CdSe yees duab resistor yuav ua haujlwm ib yam nkaus. Cov nqi khoom siv tag nrho yog kwv yees li 50 $. Qhov loj tshaj plaws tau nkag mus rau hauv cov ntawv luam tawm Circuit board. Tsawg ntim xaj xaj raws li ib txwm muaj. Hauv kev sib piv rau ib zaug nthuav dav tshaj tawm TV rau lub tuam txhab xov tooj ntawm tes hauv Asmeskas, cia kuv nug koj li no: "Koj puas pom kuv tam sim no? - Zoo."

Kauj Ruam 6: Hloov Kho Tshiab

Kuv tau hloov qee yam ntawm no thiab nyob ntawd.

Qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob qis qis. Tam sim no pawg thawj coj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog txhua yam ntawm 4 txog 14V DC. Kuv kuj tau hloov PCB xim rau xim daj thiab ntxiv cov dhia dhia kom tsis siv neeg pib dua thiab hla dhau qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yog tias nws tsis xav tau. Koj yuav pom KiCAD cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem nyob ntawd ib yam. Yog tias koj xav tau ib qho, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv ntawm kuv qhov blog.

Kauj Ruam 7: Hloov pauv

Yam tom ntej ntawm daim ntawv: Tic Tac Toe

Kauj Ruam 8: Ntau Lub Teeb Hack

Los ntawm kev ntxiv 3 cov xov hlau thiab 3 ntau tus tiv thaiv qhov ci ci tuaj yeem ua ob npaug. Tam sim no ob lub GPIO pins ib xim tau siv rau kev xa khoom tam sim no.

Kauj Ruam 9: Hloov Kho Tshiab

Yog li kuv tau thaum kawg hloov los ntawm 'ruam' cuam tshuam PWM rau BCM (Binary Code Modulation). Qhov no hnyav heev txiav lub cpu lub sijhawm siv twiddling LED pins thiab nce qhov ci ntau heev. Txhua txoj cai txhim kho tuaj yeem pom ntawm github. Thawj ob peb lub vib nas this ntawm daim vis dis aus qhia kev txhim kho hauv pawg laug. Txog thaum kev kho vajtse tom ntej ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm no tawm (tos kom cov laug cam tuaj txog), qhov no yuav pub rau qhov xav tau 'ntau lub teeb' me ntsis. Saib ntawm cov laug cam tshiab uas ua rau tawg tag yuav ua rau mob.