Hackable Christmas Card & Ornament: 6 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:31

Daim npav nyiaj so koobtsheej uas ntsais muag thiab beep yeej ib txwm nyiam peb. Nov yog peb qhov hackable DIY ua nrog ATtiny13A thiab ob peb LEDs - thawb lub pob kom ua lub teeb pom kev luv hauv tsob ntoo. Peb tab tom xa cov no rau phooj ywg thiab tsev neeg xyoo no. Nws yog xuas tes ua, khoom plig nyiag tau, thiab nws yog qhov lom zem los tsim. Cov lus qhia no piav qhia peb tsim, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem rub cov ntaub ntawv qhib thiab tsim koj tus kheej.

Daim npav kuj tseem muaj kev hwm rau Velleman's ntsais muag Christmas tsob ntoo dai kom zoo nkauj, thiab cov khoom siv-biz siv rau Adafruit Promise. (Koj puas paub Velleman muaj lub nixie tube moos cov khoom? Tiag tiag!)

Koj tuaj yeem yuav daim ntawv theej ntawm peb daim npav ntawm Seeed Studio. Cov npav sib sau ua ke yog ($ 15), thiab cov khoom siv rau cov kws muag tshuaj tua tsiaj yog $ 12. Koj tseem tuaj yeem pom kab lus no nrog thawj qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm DangerousPrototypes.com.

Kauj Ruam 1: Kho vajtse - ATtiny13A

Cov txheej txheem thiab PCB tau tsim nrog cov dawb version ntawm Cadsoft Eagle. Rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm tshiab thiab firmware ntawm qhov project Google Code nplooj ntawv.

AVR ATTINY-13A

Ib lub ATMEL ATtiny13A microcontroller me me (IC1) yog lub hlwb ntawm kev sib tw. Ib tus pin (PWM) ntsais muag lub teeb, feem ntau ntawm lwm tus pin yog siv rau kev ua haujlwm thiab lub zog. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws nrog 555 lub sijhawm teem sijhawm lossis cov khoom sib cais, tab sis peb lub hom phiaj yog kawm txog tsev neeg tswj hwm microcontroller tshiab thiab ua qee yam yooj yim rau hack.

ATtiny xav tau 10K rub tawm tus neeg tawm tsam (R1) los tuav tus pin rov pib dua, qhov hloov pauv me me (S1) rov pib dua ATtiny los ntawm kev txuas tus pin rov pib dua ib ntus. Lub 0.1uF capacitor (C1) txiav tawm lub nti los ntawm lub hwj chim.

Kauj Ruam 2: Khoos phis tawj - Programming thiab Roj Teeb

ATtiny microcontrollers tau teeb tsa los ntawm tus lej rau tus lej Hauv Qhov Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem (ISP) txuas. ISP lub taub hau tau taw qhia rau sab nraum qab ntawm daim npav. Peb tau ua ib qho kev sojntsuam xyuas kom tsis txhob siv tus pin taub hau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm.

Lub zog tau muab los ntawm 3volt, 20mm lithium coin cell (BAT1) nyob tom qab ntawm PCB. Tus tuav yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog 2025 lossis 2032 npib hlwb. ATtiny yuav ua haujlwm ntau ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, nqis mus rau 1.8volts.

Kauj Ruam 3: Kho vajtse - Ntoo LEDs

Tsob ntoo LEDs

Peb qhov me me, twinkling Christmas ntoo teeb yog 0805 nto mount LEDs (LED1-10). Txhua LED muaj qhov txwv tam sim no resistor (R3-12). Peb siv 390ohm resistors, txog li 3mA ntawm 3volts, thiab 8mA ntawm 5volts thaum txhim kho. Txhua 10 LEDs ua ke siv txog 30mA thaum siv lub roj teeb.

30mA yog tam sim no ntau dhau rau qhov chaw lossis tog rau ntawm ATtiny pins. Hloov chaw, NPN transistor (T1) hloov qhov sib txuas hauv av ntawm LEDs. Cov transistors tseem xav tau lub hauv paus tiv thaiv (R2) txhawm rau txwv ntau npaum li cas tam sim no raug rub los ntawm tus microcontroller tus pin. LEDs yuav tsum tau txuas nrog hauv qhov yog lossis lawv yuav tsis pom kev. Los ntawm-qhov LEDs feem ntau muaj ib tus kav ntev dua uas qhia txog qhov muab khoom zoo (anode). SMD LEDs muaj ntug ntsuab, thiab qee zaum muaj xub xub nyob tom qab, txhawm rau qhia kev sib txuas hauv av (cathode). Daim ntawv qhia no qhia qhov kev qhia raug rau txhua LED, kev sib txuas hauv av yuav tsum taw tes rau tib qho kev qhia ib yam nkaus.

Kauj Ruam 4: Kho vajtse - PCB thiab Cov Npe

Cov txheej txheem thiab PCB tau tsim nrog cov dawb version ntawm Cadsoft Eagle. Rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm tshiab thiab firmware ntawm qhov project Google Code nplooj ntawv. Peb tau ua PCBs nrog Seeed Studio's Kev Tshaj Tawm Kev Pabcuam, cov laug cam ntxiv los ntawm peb qhov kev txiav txim yog nyob hauv Seeed khw. Peb cia siab tias PCBs ntsuab, tab sis tau txais dub - PCBs zaum kawg yuav liab.

Peb siv vias, cov khoom siv, thiab cov kab lo lo lo ntxhuav los tsim cov ntsiab lus Christmas. Nov yog peb thawj zaug sim, tej zaum nws yuav dhau los ua kev lig kev cai uas peb txhim kho nyob rau xyoo dhau xyoo. Qhov kawg PCB yuav tsum muaj qhov pom nyiaj vias ntawm tsob ntoo, peb tsis tau ua rau lawv loj txaus rau ntawm tus qauv. Peb kuj tau tshem tawm lub xyoo, yog li yog nws tsis xa tuaj raws sijhawm rau Christmas nws tuaj yeem siv tau dua tom qab.

Nov yog ob txheej PCB nrog ntu ntawm ob sab. Peb pib ua ntej, siv cov khoom loj zoo li lub microcontroller (IC1) thiab hloov (S1), tom qab ntawd ntxiv me me passives zoo li resistors thiab capacitors. Lub roj teeb tuav mus rau sab nraum qab ntawm PCB, peb tau siv nws kawg kom lub chaw ua haujlwm nyob tiaj tus thiab ruaj khov thaum peb ua haujlwm pem hauv ntej.

Yog tias koj tab tom muab PCB rau koj tus kheej, nco ntsoov tias koj muaj tweezers nrog cov lus xaus rau qhov chaw thiab tuav cov khoom. Koj tseem yuav xav tau cov dej ntws kom ua txhua yam ntws, thiab tooj liab tooj liab txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Peb siv Blu-Tack rau txhua yam ntxiv.

Daim ntawv teev npe

Lub Npe	Ntau npaum li cas	Tus nqi (loj)
IC1	1	AVR ATtiny13A (SOIC-8)
C1	1	0.1uf capacitor (0805)
T1	1	NPN 200ma+ 100hfe+ transistor (SOT23)
R1	1	10, 000 ohm (10K) resistor (0805)
R2-R12	10	390 ohm (390R) resistor (0805)
LED1-10	10	LEDs, ntau yam xim (0805)
S1	1	Mini tactile hloov (SMD)
BAT	1	20mm roj teeb tuav (SMD)
CELL	1	20mm roj teeb (CR-2025)

Kauj ruam 5: Firmware

Lub khoos phis tawj tau sau hauv C siv qhov qhib qhov chaw AVR-GCC compiler nrog AVRStudio. Rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv tsim tawm tshiab thiab firmware ntawm qhov project Google Code nplooj ntawv. Program lub khoos phis tawj los ntawm 6pin ISP programming header nrog qee yam xws li STK500 lossis USBtinyISP. Ntawm ib sab ntawv, peb zoo siab heev txog kev siv qhib qhov muab tso ua ke rau qhov haujlwm no.

Thaum lub zog siv rau hauv Circuit Court, ATtiny sau cov haujlwm yooj yim uas ua rau tsob ntoo Christmas teeb pom kev. Thaum qhov kev zov me nyuam ua tiav, nti tsaug zog kom txog thaum nws rov pib dua los ntawm kev nias lub pob lossis hloov roj teeb.

Txoj haujlwm fading siv software pulse-width modulation kom dim lub LEDs. ATtiny13A muaj khoos phis tawj PWM, tab sis nws tawm ntawm ISP pins uas twb muaj lawm. Nws muaj peev xwm los qhia cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm nrog lwm lub luag haujlwm, yog peb tsis tau npaj ua qhov no ntawm txoj haujlwm no.

Thaum txoj haujlwm tiav, lub nti tsuas yog mus pw ib txhis. Qhov no txawv dua li ntau qhov kev pabcuam microcontroller uas rov pib dua los ntawm kev pw ntawm tus pin hloov cuam tshuam. Ib lub pob nyem rov pib dua ATtiny thiab pib qhov haujlwm dua.

Kauj Ruam 6: Ua Nws Ntxiv

Peb tau txais ntau lub tswv yim rau daim npav hnub so yav tom ntej - ntau yam LED raws, hloov LEDs xim, suab, ntsuas lub ntsuas hluav taws xob, muaj peev xwm kov lub ntsej muag, LCD cov ntxaij vab tshaus, epaper, txiav cov PCBs zoo nkauj, thiab ntau ntxiv. Peb tsis tau siv lub bootloader hauv txoj haujlwm no, tab sis ntawm no yog kev sib tham ntawm cov kev xaiv ua tau.

Koj yuav ua li cas? Koj puas muaj hacks rau daim npav no, lossis cov tswv yim rau daim npav yav tom ntej? Tau txais ib qho

Pom Studio muaj daim npav ua ke, lossis ua khoom siv. Cov khoom siv suav nrog 0805 qhov loj me me ntu ntu ntu, nws tsis yog rau txhua tus. Nov yog peb thawj qhov haujlwm los muab ua khoom siv, peb zoo siab pom tias muaj pes tsawg tus neeg txaus siab rau cov khoom siv SMD. Qhov no yuav yog qhov txwv tsawg, tej zaum 100-200 tag nrho, yog li tau txais koj li ntxov!

• Tsim koj tus kheej daim npav los ntawm peb cov ntaub ntawv qhib tsim qauv thiab firmware.
• Daim npav ua ke yog $ 15 ntawm Seeed Studio. PCB yuav liab. Firmware programmed thiab roj teeb suav nrog.
• Ib pob yog $ 12 ntawm Seeed Studio. PCB yuav liab. Firmware programmed thiab roj teeb suav nrog.

Peb xav tau xaj xaj kom xa tuaj raws sijhawm rau Christmas, tab sis muaj lub sijhawm tseem ceeb uas yuav tsis tshwm sim. Pom Studio twb tau ua haujlwm me me ntawm daim npav, uas yuav tsum pab ua kom nrawm dua. Vam tias lawv tuaj txog sijhawm rau Christmas, tab sis kev xa khoom yuav nruj heev. Peb yuav tshaj tawm kev tsim khoom tshiab raws li peb tau txais lawv.

Muaj nyiaj, Muag Hnub So!