Tsim Koj Tus Kheej (pheej yig!) Multi-function Wireless Camera Controller: 22 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:31

Taw qhia Puas tau fancied tsim koj tus kheej lub koob yees duab tswj? Cov txheej txheem yog qhov raug, tab sis daim ntawv teev npe tiv thaiv tsis raug - hloov kho tshiab. Nov yog kev nkag mus rau Digital Hnub sib tw yog li koj pom nws muaj txiaj ntsig, thov ntsuas/pov npav/tawm tswv yim zoo! Yog tias koj nyiam nws tiag tiag thiab yog tus neeg ntog, ntaus "Kuv nyiam nws!":) Hloov tshiab: tshwj xeeb ntawm hackaday! hackaday.com/2009/10/13/a-different-breed-of-camera-controllers/ Hloov tshiab: cov duab tshiab ntawm lub laser ua rau ua! Hloov kho: Thawj Nqe = D, ua tsaug rau kev pov npav thiab/lossis ntsuas! Cov lus qhia no feem ntau yog rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm SLR cov neeg siv saib kom tau txais kev deb me ntsis ntxiv ntawm lawv lub koob yees duab, txawm li cas los xij yog tias muaj ib qho taw tes thiab tua nrog IR cuam tshuam, koj yuav pom qhov no nthuav. Muaj tseeb qhov no tseem yuav ua haujlwm (nrog kev hloov kho me ntsis) nrog lub koob yees duab hacks qhov twg koj tuaj yeem xaim cov txiaj ntsig tawm mus rau lub koob yees duab ua kom pom qhov kawg. Qhov no tau pib tawm raws li kev qhia tawm cua tshuab, tab sis vim qee qhov kev txwv tsis pub dhau kuv tau ntsib tom qab, nws yuav yog phau ntawv qhia ntau ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tiav ntau yam - Kuv yuav tso koj ntau txoj hauv kev koj yuav ua li cas Kuv xav tias yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj qhov ua qhov muag tsis pom hais tias "koj yuav tsum ua qhov no". Xav txog qhov no raws li kev qhia hauv kev tsim lub koob yees duab tswj. Kuv tau muab schematics thiab cov lej tag nrho yog li koj tuaj yeem ib txwm luam nws. Nws yuav yog rooj plaub yooj yim ntawm kev hloov pauv tus qauv mus rau kab txaij thiab ntxiv LCD rau cov neeg feem coob. Kuv tau dhau los ua daim ntawv qhia zaub mov vim nws cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws thiab tso cai rau kho qhov ua yuam kev ua ntej koj ua tus qauv tsim tas mus li! Suav nrog cov qauv tsim - lub teeb, suab (ntau qhov ua tau!) Tus nqi tag nrho - qis dua £ 25 (tsis suav nrog cov cuab yeej) LCD Zaub kom hloov pauv yooj yim Hloov tau nrog Nikon/Canon (cim), muaj peev xwm txhawb nqa (tsis tau sim) rau Olympus/Pentax Tsis muaj firmware kev hloov kho xav tau Siv IR yog li ob lub wireless thiab tsis ua puas rau koj lub koob yees duab Kuv muaj lub tswv yim rau qhov no tom qab zaum sab nraum qhov txias nias kuv cov chaw taws teeb tswj tau teev. Kuv tau ua 8 ntu thib ob rau ib puag ncig 1000 txhaj tshuaj. Kuv xav, hav, nws tsuas yog IR LED tsis yog nws? Vim li cas kuv thiaj tsis tuaj yeem luam nws thiab ua kuv tus kheej cov chaw taws teeb nrog lub sijhawm ncua? Kuv pom tom qab (me ntsis txaj muag, vim tias kuv xav tias kuv tau muaj lub paj hlwb loj heev) uas qhov no tau ua tiav thiab tseem muaj ob peb cov lus qhia ntawm lub ncauj lus. Qhov twg kuv qhov kev siv sib txawv los ntawm ntau lub sijhawm sib nrug thiab cov lus qhia deb yog tias nws tso cai rau ntau qhov kev hloov pauv thiab hloov pauv, yog sib xws nrog ob qho Nikon/Canon (thiab zoo li lwm tus tom qab) thiab sib txuas lub peev xwm los thaij duab ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb. Lub tswv yim yog yooj yim. Koj xav thaij duab ntawm qee yam nrawm heev (txwv tam sim no los ntawm kev lag ntawm koj lub qhov rooj, rau kuv 6ms). Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua qhov no: 1. Kev sim thiab yuam kev koj sim thaij duab thaum lub sijhawm raug 2. txhim kho kev sim thiab yuam kev koj dub tawm hauv chav, tso koj lub koob yees duab ntawm lub teeb (qhib lub qhov rooj) thiab tua hluav taws ntawm lub sijhawm zoo 3. Yuav ib lub tshuab ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb uas muaj qee yam suab/lub teeb pom kev zoo kom thaij duab ntawm koj cov lus txib 4. Tsim ib tus kheej! Ok, 1 thiab 2 yog qhov zoo rau messing ncig thiab tuaj yeem tsim qee cov duab zoo heev. Tab sis qhov kuv yuav qhia rau koj yog tias nws muaj peev xwm tsim lub Circuit Court uas yuav muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam rau koj thiab lub sijhawm ntxiv. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nyob rau lub sijhawm nruj no, tus nqi qis dua li lwm cov qauv (qee tus neeg tau tsim cov khoom siv ua qhov zoo li no, tab sis lawv raug nqi hmoov zoo pom txuas). Kev siv ntau yam ntawm tus qauv tsim yog qhov no: Yog tias koj lub ntsuas hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tso tawm ntawm 0 thiab 5V, koj tuaj yeem siv nws los ua rau koj lub koob yees duab! Ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm nws qhov no yog cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg, tab sis thaum koj pib nkag siab qhov cuam tshuam nws dhau los ua qhov muaj zog heev. Los ntawm kev saib xyuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yooj yim, koj qhov ua rau tuaj yeem yog lub teeb pom kev (LDR), suab raws (microphone lossis ultrasound), ntsuas kub (thermistor) lossis txawm tias yooj yim potentiometer. Qhov tseeb, tsuas yog hais txog dab tsi. Koj tseem tuaj yeem txuas lub Circuit Court mus rau lwm tus tswj hwm thiab muab nws tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig tso tawm rau koj, yog li koj tuaj yeem ua rau nws los ntawm nws. Tsuas yog qhov kev txwv loj ntawm kev tsim tam sim no yog tias nws ua haujlwm nkaus xwb nrog IR cuam tshuam, nws yuav yooj yim rau kev hloov kho software thiab kho vajtse kom tso tawm ntawm mini-USB lossis txawm li cas los xij ntawm qhov xav tau. Nco tseg: Cov Cai Tau Txais: Kuv tau muab qee cov ntawv thov hauv qib 13. Tus lej kuv tau khiav ntawm kuv tus tswj raws li tam sim no tau nyob rau hauv cov ntawv hex nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv c tseem ceeb thiab nws qhov kev cia siab. Koj tuaj yeem yooj yim khiav kuv tus lej yog tias koj tsis paub meej txog kev suav sau. Kuv kuj tau suav qee qhov qauv piv txwv uas koj tuaj yeem siv hauv ntau qib (lawv tau muaj npe pom tseeb xws li remote_test, kev ntsuas ntsuas nruab nrab thiab kev ntsuas adc. balloons popping - nws zoo li kuv tau pom me ntsis thaum kuv hais tias koj tuaj yeem yooj yim tua cov duab ntawm popping balloons. Pauv tawm tias daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub zais pa nruab nrab mus nrawm heev uas nws yuav tau tawg tag thaum lub sijhawm koj lub koob yees duab tua. yog qhov teeb meem nrog cov koob yees duab feem ntau, TSIS yog tus tswj (uas paub txog ADC ntawm tus nqi ib puag ncig 120kHz). hais tias, koj tuaj yeem siv lwm yam los nthuav nws thiab ua si nrog ncua (lossis txawm tias hloov pauv txoj cai kom suav nrog microseconds). Lub tshuab cua pellet taug kev 1m ntawm 150ms-1 siv li 6-7ms, sijhawm txaus los tua thiab tua. Tsuas yog txav rab phom yuav ua rau ncua sij hawm ncua ntawm ob peb microsecond s. Ib zaug ntxiv, thov txim txog qhov no, kuv yuav mus ua si txog hmo no yog tias kuv tuaj yeem tuav qee lub zais pa, tab sis tseem muaj ntau qhov siv rau lub suab nrov, zoo li foob pob hluav taws! Kuv tau muab lub sijhawm nrawm thiab qias neeg lapse hauv qab no los qhia tias nws ua haujlwm li cas los xij:) Tsis txhob hnov qab nyeem, ntsuas thiab/lossis pov npav! Cheers, JoshDisclaimer Hauv qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo uas muaj qee yam mus tsis raug txaus ntshai lossis koj qee zaum cib koj lub koob yees duab/dremel koj miv, kuv tsis lav rau ib yam dab tsi. Los ntawm kev pib ua haujlwm raws li cov lus qhia no, koj lees paub qhov ntawd thiab txuas ntxiv ntawm koj tus kheej txoj kev pheej hmoo yog tias koj ua ib qho ntawm no, lossis siv kuv cov lus qhia los pab koj - thov xa kuv qhov txuas/duab yog li kuv tuaj yeem suav nrog nws ntawm no! Cov lus teb tau dhau mus deb (tsawg kawg los ntawm kuv tus qauv) yog li nws yuav txaus ntshai kom pom tias tib neeg txhais li cas. Kuv tab tom ua haujlwm kho dua tshiab 2 li kuv ntaus;)

Kauj Ruam 1: Qee Qhov Kev Xav Pib …

Yog li, peb yuav tsim qhov no li cas? Microcontroller Lub plawv thiab ntsuj plig ntawm txoj haujlwm no yog AVR ATMega8. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb me ntsis txiav tawm ntawm ATMega168 nti uas Arduino siv. Nws yog programmable hauv C lossis Cov Rooj Sib Tham thiab muaj ntau yam ntawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo uas peb tuaj yeem siv rau peb kom zoo dua. "3 onboard timers" Sab hauv lossis sab nraud lub moos qhov chaw "Ntau ntawm cov lej qiv thiab cov qauv hauv online Muaj ntau tus pin zoo. Peb tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lub vijtsam LCD, muaj 6 khawm nkag thiab tseem tshuav txaus rau IR LED tua nrog thiab qee qhov xwm txheej LEDs. Atmel AVR series ntawm cov txheej txheem muaj kev txhawb nqa online ntau thiab muaj ntau yam qhia hauv kev tau txais pib (Kuv yuav mus hla qhov luv luv no, tab sis muaj cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb zoo dua) thiab cov pob thiab pob ntawm cov cai rau mull dua. Rau kev siv kuv yuav tau sau cov phiaj xwm no hauv C siv AVR-LibC lub tsev qiv ntawv Kuv tuaj yeem yooj yim mus nrog PIC los ua qhov no, tab sis AVR tau txais kev txhawb nqa zoo thiab txhua qhov piv txwv kuv tau pom rau kev tshem tawm tau yog AVR raws! LCD DisplayThere yog ob hom tseem ceeb ntawm kev tso saib, duab nraaj thiab lej lej. Cov duab qhia tau muaj kev daws teeb meem thiab koj tuaj yeem tso pixels nyob txhua qhov chaw koj nyiam. Qhov tsis zoo yog tias lawv nyuaj rau cov cai rau (txawm hais tias muaj tsev qiv ntawv nyob). Cov lej lej qhia yooj yim ib lossis ntau kab ntawm cov cim, LCD muaj lub khw muag khoom ntawm cov cim yooj yim (piv txwv li cov tsiaj ntawv, qee tus lej thiab cim) thiab nws yooj yim rau tso cov hlua thiab ntxiv rau. Qhov tsis zoo yog lawv tsis hloov pauv thiab nthuav tawm cov duab tsis yooj yim, tab sis nws haum rau peb lub hom phiaj. Lawv kuj tseem pheej yig dua! Cov lej lej tau muab cais los ntawm lawv kab thiab suav kab ntawv. 2x16 yog qhov zoo nkauj heev, nrog ob kab ntawm 16 tus cim, txhua tus ua cim yog 5x8 matrix. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais 2x20 s ib yam nkaus, tab sis kuv tsis pom qhov xav tau. Yuav txhua yam uas koj xis nyob nrog. Kuv xaiv siv lub liab backlit LCD (kuv xav siv qhov no rau astrophotography thiab lub teeb liab zoo dua rau pom yav hmo ntuj). Koj tuaj yeem mus yam tsis muaj lub teeb pom kev - nws yog qhov koj xaiv. Yog tias koj xaiv txoj hauv kev tsis rov qab koj yuav txuag lub zog thiab nyiaj txiag, tab sis koj yuav xav tau lub teeb nyob hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Thaum nrhiav LCD, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias nws tau tswj hwm los ntawm HD44780. Nws yog txheej txheem txheej txheem kev lag luam tsim los ntawm Hitachi thiab muaj ntau lub tsev qiv ntawv zoo uas peb tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov ntaub ntawv. Tus qauv kuv yuav yog JHD162A los ntawm eBayInputInput yuav ua tiav los ntawm cov nyees khawm (yooj yim!). Kuv xaiv 6 - xaiv hom, ok/tua thiab 4 cov lus qhia. Nws kuj tseem tsim nyog tau txais lwm lub pob me rau rov pib dua lub micro thaum muaj kev sib tsoo. Nws rau cov lus tawm tswv yim, qee cov tswv yim pib yog lub teeb nyob ntawm tus tiv thaiv lossis lub tshuab electret microphone. Nov yog qhov uas koj tuaj yeem muaj tswv yim los yog stingy nyob ntawm koj cov peev nyiaj. Ultrasound sensors yuav raug nqi me ntsis ntxiv thiab xav tau qee lub phiaj xwm ntxiv tab sis koj tuaj yeem ua qee yam khoom zoo tiag tiag nrog lawv. Muaj neeg feem ntau yuav zoo siab nrog lub microphone (tej zaum yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws sensor) thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pheej yig heev. Yuav tsum paub tias nws yuav tsum tau ua kom nrov dhau (tab sis kuv yuav hla qhov no tom qab). Output - StatusThe tsuas yog qhov tso tawm tiag peb xav tau yog xwm txheej (ntxiv rau cov zaub), yog li ob peb LEDs yuav ua haujlwm zoo ntawm no. Output - ShootingFor noj duab, peb yuav tsum tau cuam tshuam nrog lub koob yees duab thiab rau qhov peb xav tau lub teeb pom kev uas tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob liab liab. Ua tsaug ntau ntau ntawm LEDs uas ua qhov no thiab koj yuav tsum tau sim khaws lub hwj chim tsim nyog. Chav tsev uas kuv xaiv tau muaj qhov ntsuas tam sim no ntawm 100mA max (feem ntau LEDs nyob ib puag ncig 30mA). Koj kuj yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom nco ntsoov cov nthwv dej tso tawm. Infrared lub teeb nyob hauv ntu ntu ntev dua ntawm EM spectrum thiab koj yuav tsum tau nrhiav tus nqi ntawm ib puag ncig 850-950nm. Feem ntau IR LEDs zoo li ntawm 950 kawg thiab koj tuaj yeem pom me ntsis ntawm lub teeb liab thaum nws tau qhib, qhov no tsis yog teeb meem, tab sis nws tau siv lub ntsej muag pov tseg yog li sim mus ze rau 850 yog tias ua tau. qhov no? Zoo, nws yuav tsum yog lub roj teeb nqa tau! Kuv xaiv siv 2 AA roj teeb uas tom qab ntawd nce mus txog 5V. Kuv yuav hla qhov laj thawj qab qhov no hauv ob peb ntu tom ntej no. Kuv txiav txim siab siv daim kab xev rau lub Circuit Court tom qab tsim qauv vim tias nws pheej yig thiab yoog raws thiab txuag kev tsim tus qauv PCB. Kuv tau muab cov lus qhia yog li koj tau ua dawb los ua koj tus kheej PCB txheej txheem - txawm hais tias yog koj ua, kuv yuav zoo siab kom muaj daim ntawv theej! nyob rau hauv qhov kev nkag siab ncaj ncees yog tias ua tau) thiab cov roj teeb. Raws li cov rooj sib tham hauv Circuit Court mus, qhov no tsis yog qhov nyuaj, ntau qhov sib txuas tau yooj yim rau yam xws li cov nyees khawm/LCD.

Kauj Ruam 2: Kev Tswj Fais Fab

Kev Tswj Lub Hwj Chim Rau txoj haujlwm zoo li no nws pom tseeb tias kev txav mus los yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov roj teeb yog li qhov kev xaiv muaj tseeb! Tam sim no, rau cov khoom siv tau yooj yim nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas koj xaiv lub roj teeb uas tuaj yeem them rov qab lossis siv tau yooj yim. Ob qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb yog 9V PP3 roj teeb lossis AA roj teeb. Kuv paub tseeb tias qee tus neeg yuav xav tias lub roj teeb 9V yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj vim hais tias hav, 9V zoo dua 3 txoj cai? Zoo, tsis yog qhov no. 9V cov roj teeb thaum siv tau zoo heev, tsim lawv qhov hluav taws xob ntawm kev siv roj teeb lub neej. Ntsuas hauv mAh (teev milliamp), qhov ntsuas no qhia koj hauv kev tshawb fawb ntev npaum li cas lub roj teeb yuav nyob ua haujlwm ntawm 1mA hauv cov xuab moos (txawm hais tias siv nws nrog ntsev me ntsis, cov no feem ntau nyob rau hauv qhov zoo, cov xwm txheej qis). Qhov kev ntsuas siab dua, lub roj teeb yuav nyob ntev dua. Cov roj teeb 9V tau ntsuas txog li thiab ib puag ncig 1000mAh. Alkaline AA's ntawm qhov tod tes yuav luag peb zaug ntau dua ntawm 2900mAh. NiMH rechargables tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov no, txawm hais tias 2500mAh yog tus nqi tsim nyog (nco ntsoov tias cov roj teeb rov ua haujlwm tau ntawm 1.2V tsis yog 1.5!). Lub vijtsam LCD xav tau 5V nkag (10%) thiab AVR (lub microcontroller) xav tau zoo ib yam (txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem mus qis li 2.7 rau cov zaus qis zaus nrawm). Peb kuj xav tau qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ruaj khov, yog tias nws hloov pauv txog nws tuaj yeem ua teeb meem nrog lub microcontroller. To ua li no peb yuav siv tus tswj hluav taws xob, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov nqi tshaj qhov ua haujlwm tam sim no. Koj tau txais qhov kev xaiv siv qhov yooj yim 3-tus lej ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo li LM7805 (78 koob, +5 qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm) lossis ib qho kev sib txuas me me. ob peb ntsiab lus hauv siab. Ua ntej tshaj, peb tus lej tswj hwm yuav luag ib txwm xav tau cov tswv yim uas siab dua lawv cov zis. Tom qab ntawd lawv nqis qhov hluav taws xob mus rau qhov xav tau. Qhov tsis zoo yog tias lawv muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo (50-60% zoo mus). Qhov zoo yog tias lawv pheej yig thiab yuav siv nrog lub roj teeb 9V, koj tuaj yeem khaws tus qauv yooj yim rau 20 pence hauv tebchaws Askiv. Koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov tswj hwm muaj qhov tso tawm qhov hluav taws xob - qhov sib txawv yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov zis. Koj tuaj yeem yuav tshwj xeeb LDO (Tsawg DropOut) cov tswj hwm uas muaj kev tso tawm ntawm ib puag ncig 50mV (piv rau 1-2V nrog lwm cov qauv). Hauv lwm lo lus, saib rau LDOs nrog +5V tso tawm. Cov no yuav yog, rau peb lub hom phiaj, ib txwm muaj 8 -pin pob uas siv hluav taws xob thiab muab kev tswj hwm rau peb ntawm qhov ua tau zoo - yuav luag 90% hauv qee kis. Koj tuaj yeem nce qib lossis nqis qis dua cov hloov pauv (nce/phaw feem) nyob ntawm seb koj xav muab tso rau hauv, lossis koj tuaj yeem yuav cov tswj hwm uas yuav ua rau saum toj lossis qis dua qhov xav tau tso tawm. Chip kuv tab tom siv rau txoj haujlwm no yog MAX619+. Nws yog 5V nce qib tus tswj hwm uas siv 2 AA's (cov khoom siv ntau yog 2V-3.3V) thiab muab qhov ruaj khov 5V tawm. Nws tsuas yog xav tau plaub lub tshuab hluav taws xob los ua haujlwm thiab yog qhov chaw muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Tus nqi - 3.00 suav nrog lub kaus mom. Arguably nws tsim nyog splurge kom tau txais kev siv me ntsis ntxiv ntawm koj lub roj teeb. Qhov tsuas yog qhov poob qis yog tias nws tsis tiv thaiv luv Circuit Court, yog li yog tias muaj kev nce siab tam sim no, ceeb toom! Qhov no yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb txhawm rau txhim kho nrog kev ntxiv ntawm Circuit Court txawm li cas los xij: Lwm qhov txiaj ntsig tsim chip - txawm hais tias tsis ze li zoo li kev daws teeb meem yog LT1307. Ib zaug ntxiv, tus tswj hwm 5V, tab sis nws tuaj yeem siv ntau yam kev nkag mus thiab muaj cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li kev nrhiav roj teeb tsawg. Nws raug nqi me ntsis ntau dua ntawm ze 5 nrog cov inductors, cov capacitors loj thiab cov neeg tiv taus. Thawj zaug yuav yog 3V los ntawm lub roj teeb, qhov no yuav siv los ua lub zog LEDs thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog. Kuv MAX619 tsuas yog ntsuas txog 60mA (txawm hais tias qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 120mA) yog li nws yooj yim dua txuas lub microcontroller mus rau MOSFET los tswj ib qho LEDs. MOSFET rub yuav luag tsis muaj tam sim no thiab ua raws li kev tawg hauv Circuit Court thaum lub qhov rooj nkag nkag qis dua 3V. Thaum lub microcontroller xa tawm qhov laj thawj 1 ntawm tus pin, qhov hluav taws xob yog 5V thiab FET tig rau, tom qab ntawd tsuas yog ua haujlwm luv luv (piv txwv li ib qho xaim). Qhov 5V txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau yuav ua rau lub LCD, Microcontroller thiab txhua qhov kev hloov pauv rau Yog tias peb saib ntau yam ntaub ntawv, peb nco ntsoov tias AVR siv sijhawm tsis tshaj 15-20mA ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws. LCD siv tsuas yog 1mA los ua haujlwm (tsawg kawg thaum kuv sim, pob nyiaj siv rau 2). Nrog lub teeb pom kev ntawm, nws yog tiag tiag rau koj los txiav txim siab. Txuas nws ncaj nraim mus rau 5V txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau (kuv tau sim) yog qhov zoo, tab sis nco ntsoov tias nws muaj tus tiv thaiv sab hauv (ua raws cov kab ntawm PCB) ua ntej koj ua. Nws kos 30mA li ntawd - txaus ntshai! Nrog 3.3k resistor nws tseem tuaj yeem pom (zoo meej rau kev yees duab astro) thiab tsuas yog kos 1mA. Koj tseem tuaj yeem tau txais qhov pom kev zoo siv 1k lossis lwm yam. Kuv zoo nrog kuv cov duab kos qis dua 2mA nrog lub teeb pom kev ntawm! Yog tias koj xav tau, nws yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb kom ntxiv lub pob qhov ci ci siv 10k lub zog ntsuas. Qhov IR LED yuav siv sijhawm 100mA siab tshaj, tab sis kuv tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog 60mA hla kuv (sim!). Koj tuaj yeem txo qhov tam sim no vim tias koj ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm 50% lub voj voog ua haujlwm (thaum LED tau hloov pauv). Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsuas yog rau ib feem ntawm qhov thib ob yog li peb tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog qhov no. Lwm cov LEDs koj yuav tsum ua si nrog, koj yuav pom tias tsuas yog 10mA tam sim no yog txaus los muab koj lub teeb ci zoo - yeej saib rau LEDs lub zog qis (tsis suav nrog IR ib qho), koj tsis tsim lub teeb! Kuv xaiv tsis ntxiv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob hauv kuv qhov Circuit, tsuas yog vim tias nws tau kos ntau tam sim no rau qhov tsis siv ntau. Siv qhov qhib/tua hloov los xyuas seb nws puas yog! Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua haujlwm ntau dua 30mA ib zaug thiab nrog kev kwv yees kwv yees li ntawm 2500 (tso cai rau kev hloov pauv) mAh uas yuav tsum muab rau koj zoo dua 80 teev ncaj nrog txhua yam ntawm. Nrog tus txheej txheem tsis ua haujlwm rau feem ntau qhov no yuav tsawg kawg ob zaug/peb zaug, yog li koj yuav tsum tsis txhob hloov koj lub roj teeb ntau zaus. Koj tuaj yeem tuaj yeem pheej yig thiab zoo siab nrog lub roj teeb 9V thiab LDO tus tswj hwm tus nqi ntawm kev ua haujlwm lossis them nyiaj ntau dua me ntsis thiab siv IC tshwj xeeb los ua nws. Kuv cov peev nyiaj tseem nyob qis tshaj 20 txawm tias nrog IC, yog li koj tuaj yeem tso nws ntxiv yog tias koj xav tau.

Kauj Ruam 3: Saib ze dua ntawm ATmega8

PinsImage 1 yog daim duab pinout rau ATMega8 (zoo ib yam li 168/48/88, qhov sib txawv nkaus xwb yog tus nqi ntawm onboard nco thiab cuam tshuam kev xaiv). Pin 1 - Pib dua, yuav tsum muaj ntawm VCC qhov hluav taws xob (lossis tsawg kawg) zajlus 1). Yog tias hauv av, lub cuab yeej yuav rov pib dua tus Pin 2-6 - Chaw D, cov tswv yim dav dav/tso tawm Pin 7 - VCC, muab hluav taws xob (+5V rau peb) Tus Pin 8 - GroundPin 9, 10 - XTAL, lub moos sab nraud nkag (ib feem ntawm Chaw nres nkoj B) Pin 11 - 13 Port D, cov tswv yim dav dav/tso tawm Pin 14 - 19 Chaw nres nkoj B, cov tswv yim dav dav/tso tawm Pin 20 - AVCC, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib piv (tib yam li VCC) Tus Pin 21 - AREF, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob sib piv Pin 22 - GroundPin 23-28 Port C Qhov dav dav nkag/tawm Siv tau i/o cov chaw nres nkoj: D = 8, C = 6, B = 6A tag nrho 20 qhov chaw nres nkoj siv tau zoo, rau qhov yooj yim koj yuav tsum muab koj cov khoom tso tawm rau hauv cov chaw nres nkoj (hais, D raws li qhov chaw nres nkoj tso tawm) lossis pab pawg ntawm pawg thawj coj - koj yuav xav kom LCD khiav los ntawm Chaw C tsuas yog ua kom cov xov hlau huv si hauv lub ces kaum. Cov no yog MISO (18), MOSI (17) thiab SCK (19). Cov no yuav zoo siab ua raws li i/o pins yog xav tau txawm hais tias. Qhov ntsuas lub teeb liab uas peb xa mus rau lub koob yees duab yuav tsum tau ua tiav raws sijhawm (raug nyob ib puag ncig microsecond) yog li nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas peb xaiv lub moos zoo. Txhua AVRs muaj cov oscillator sab hauv uas lub nti tuaj yeem tau txais nws lub moos los ntawm. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov no yog tias lawv tuaj yeem hloov pauv ib puag ncig 10% nrog qhov kub/siab/av noo. Dab tsi peb tuaj yeem ua los tawm tsam qhov no yog siv sab nrauv quartz siv lead ua. Cov no muaj nyob hauv txhua yam ntawm 32768kHz (saib) txog 20MHz. Kuv tau xaiv siv 4Mhz siv lead ua raws li nws muab tus nqi tsim nyog ntawm qhov nrawm tab sis muaj lub hwj chim ncaj ncees piv rau tej zaum 8Mhz+. Onboard Power Management Kuv yeej xav siv pw tsaug zog ib txwm nyob hauv kuv cov cai. Qhov tseeb kuv tau sau thawj tsab ntawv tso siab rau qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm lub khoos phis tawj thaum lub sijhawm dhau mus. Hmoov tsis zoo, vim yog lub sijhawm txwv, kuv tau khiav mus rau qee qhov teeb meem nrog khiav lub moos sab nraud thiab cuam tshuam nrog siv lub sijhawm. Hauv qhov tseeb kuv yuav tsum rov sau dua cov cai los daws cov maub los yooj yim tsis sawv - uas kuv tuaj yeem ua tau, tab sis lub sijhawm tawm tsam kuv. Xws li, lub cuab yeej tsuas yog rub 20mA ish yog li koj tuaj yeem khiav nrog nws. Yog tias koj xav tau tiag tiag, tom qab ntawd los ntawm txhua qhov txhais tau hais tias fiddle nrog cov cai, txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog txhawm rau sab hauv thiab tom qab ntawd khiav Timer 2 hauv hom tsis sib xws siv 4MHz siv lead ua rau qhov raug qeeb dua. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim ua, tab sis siv sijhawm ntev. ADCThe riam phom hauv tebchaws hauv AVR cov cuab yeej, ADC sawv rau kev sib piv rau cov hloov pauv. Nws ua haujlwm li cas yog qhov yooj yim los ntawm sab nraud. Ib qho hluav taws xob tau ntsuas ntawm tus pin (los ntawm qee qhov ntsuas lossis lwm yam tswv yim), qhov hluav taws xob tau hloov pauv mus rau hauv tus lej digital ntawm 0 thiab 1024. Tus nqi ntawm 1024 yuav raug soj ntsuam thaum qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob sib npaug rau ADC qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Yog tias peb teeb tsa peb qhov kev siv ua VCC (+5V) ces txhua qhov faib yog 5/1024 V lossis ib puag ncig 5mV. Yog li qhov nce ntawm 5mV ntawm tus pin yuav nce tus nqi ADC los ntawm 1. Peb tuaj yeem coj tus nqi ADC tso tawm raws li qhov sib txawv thiab tom qab ntawd fiddle nrog nws, sib piv nws nrog yam, thiab lwm yam hauv cov cai. ADC yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo kawg thiab tso cai rau koj ua ntau yam txias xws li tig koj lub AVR rau hauv oscilloscope. Kev ntsuas tus lej nyob ib puag ncig 125kHz thiab yuav tsum tau teeb tsa hauv qhov sib piv rau lub moos zaus zaus. Registers Koj yuav tau hnov txog kev sau npe ua ntej, tab sis tsis ntshai! Kev sau npe tsuas yog sau cov chaw nyob (qhov chaw) hauv AVR nco. Cov ntawv sau npe raug cais los ntawm lawv qhov me me. Tus lej 7 ntsis muaj 8 qhov chaw, raws li peb pib los ntawm 0. Muaj cov npe rau tsuas yog txhua yam thiab peb yuav saib lawv hauv ntau yam ntxiv tom qab. Qee qhov piv txwv suav nrog PORTx cov npe (nyob qhov twg x yog B, C lossis D) uas tswj xyuas seb tus pin tau teeb tsa siab lossis qis thiab teeb tsa rub tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tswv yim, DDRx sau npe uas teev seb tus pin raug tso tawm lossis tawm tswv yim thiab ntxiv rau. DatasheetA behemoth ntawm cov ntawv nyeem, hnyav nyob ib puag ncig 400 nplooj ntawv; cov ntaub ntawv AVR yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau koj cov txheej txheem. Lawv muaj cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm txhua daim ntawv sau npe, txhua tus pin, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm li cas, cov fuses yuav tsum tau teeb tsa rau dab tsi thiab ntau ntxiv. Lawv tsis tau them nqi thiab koj yuav xav tau sai dua lossis tom qab, yog li rub daim ntawv theej! Www.atmel.com/dyn/resources/prod_documents/doc2486.pdf

Kauj Ruam 4: Muab Pins

Kuv twb tau hais txog cov tswv yim thiab cov txiaj ntsig peb xav tau, yog li peb yuav tsum faib lawv cov pins! Lub LCD xav tau 7 tus pin los ua haujlwm - 4 tus lej xov tooj thiab 3 tus pin tswj. IR LED tsuas xav tau ib tus pin, yog li ua rau peb 8. PORTB yuav yog peb lub chaw nres nkoj khawm, nws muaj 6 lub tswv yim, tab sis peb tsuas yog xav tau 5. Cov no yuav yog hom thiab cov nyees khawm khawm. PORTC yog tshwj xeeb, nws yog ADC chaw nres nkoj. Peb tsuas xav tau ib tus pin rau cov lus tawm tswv yim thiab nws nkag siab muab nws tso rau hauv PC0 (cov ntawv luv rau cov chaw nres nkoj pins hauv qhov no Chaw nres nkoj C, Pin 0). Peb tom qab ntawd muaj ob peb tus pin rau cov xwm txheej LEDs (ib lub teeb thaum ADC tus nqi siab dua qee qhov xwm txheej, lwm qhov teeb thaum nws qis dua qee qhov xwm txheej). Peb kuj tseem yuav tso peb cov ok/tua khawm cov lus tso rau ntawm no, rau qhov laj thawj uas yuav pom meej tom qab. Tom qab txhua qhov no, peb tau siv feem ntau ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj tab sis peb tseem tshuav ob peb sab yog tias koj xav nthuav txoj haujlwm - tej zaum ntau qhov ua rau?

Kauj Ruam 5: Sib Tham Nrog Lub Koob Yees Duab

Thawj qhov khoom plig hauv Kev Sib Tw Duab Hnub