Hla Hla IR Beam Lub Koob Yees Duab/Flash Teeb: 5 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:30

Cov cuab yeej no yuav ua rau lub koob yees duab lossis chav nyem kom tau txais duab thaum lub hom phiaj (lub hom phiaj) nkag mus rau qhov chaw tshwj xeeb. Nws siv ob, hla kab teeb ci duab hluav taws xob txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau pom lub hom phiaj thiab kaw qhov kev xa xov uas mus ncig lub koob yees duab lossis chav nyem. Lub sijhawm teb yog kwv yees li 2 ms los ntawm kev tshawb pom kom kaw qhov txuas, yog li yog tias koj lub koob yees duab tsis muaj qhov kaw ntev-lag, nws yuav ntes txawm tias lub hom phiaj txav mus nrawm.

Qhov kho qhov muag ntawm lub cuab yeej muaj ob IR LEDs thiab ob Ntse IS471FE kho qhov muag ICs (OPICs). Cov khoos phis tawj ICs tau tsim hauv cov khoos phis tawj LED hloov pauv thiab ua kom pom zoo, yog li lawv yuav tsis pom lub teeb los ntawm ib leeg ib leeg LEDs. Cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm OPICs txuas nrog 8 tus pin PIC microcontroller uas ua haujlwm txhais cov lus taw qhia cov lus qhia thiab tsav tsheb txuas thiab pom pom LED uas qhia txog kev ua haujlwm. Txawm hais tias muaj 11 hom kev ua haujlwm, tus tswj hwm muaj tus neeg siv yooj yim heev-cuam tshuam nrog lub laub khawm hloov thiab LED. Thaum lub zog nce yog tias cov kab teeb raug teeb tsa kom raug thiab tsis tawg, lub teeb ci LED txuas ntxiv rau 1 thib ob tom qab tsaus ntuj los qhia tias chav tsev tau npaj ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv hom txuas mus. Nyob rau hauv hom ntawd cov kis yuav raug kaw thiab tseem raug kaw thiab LED yuav ci ntsa iab tsuav yog ob kab IR cuam tshuam. Tam sim no chav tsev tau npaj txuas rau koj lub koob yees duab. Nrog qee lub hom phiaj koj yuav xav siv ntau dua ib daim duab thaum lub hom phiaj tawg IR kab teeb. Kuv tau suav nrog qhov ua haujlwm nruab nrab ntawm qhov ntsuas nyob hauv tus tswj hwm kom tso lub koob yees duab uas tsis muaj lub teeb hluav taws xob nrawm los txhawm rau siv ntau daim duab ntev li ntev li IR kab teeb raug cuam tshuam. Thawb hom xaiv khawm ib zaug siv tus tswj hwm tawm ntawm hom txuas mus thiab muab tso rau hauv hom mem tes. LED yuav nyem ib zaug los qhia tias qhov txuas yuav kaw 1 zaug hauv ib pliag. Qee lub koob yees duab tau nrawm dua yog li thawb lub pob dua yuav txav mus txog 2 lub suab ib pliag. Los ntawm kev thawb lub khawm ntau zaus, qhov nrawm yuav nce los ntawm 1 pps txhua txoj hauv kev mus rau 10 pps, txhua lub sijhawm teeb nyem LED los qhia qhov mem tes zaus. Tuav lub khawm cia rau 2.3 vib nas this rov pib dua chav tsev thiab coj koj rov qab mus rau hom tsis tu ncua.

Kauj Ruam 1: Sau Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Nov yog cov npe teev rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tau los ntawm Digikey lossis lwm qhov chaw. Koj yuav xav tau ib pawg ntawm cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov hlau, ib yam. Koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm rau PIC microcontroller- tus PICKit2 lossis ICD-2 lossis ib ntawm ntau pua ntawm lwm tus programmer tuaj yeem ua txoj haujlwm. Tus kws tsim qauv tsim nyog yuav raug nqi kwv yees li $ 20, tab sis thaum koj muaj nws koj yuav pom txhua yam haujlwm uas tuaj yeem siv microcontrollers thiab yuav tau siv ntau ntawm nws. Thaum kuv yuav kuv PICKit2 los ntawm digikey kuv xaj ib pob khoom ntxiv ntawm tsib PIC10F206 chips nrog 8 tus pin DIP adapters. IC nyob hauv pob SOT23 me me uas zoo yog tias koj tab tom yuav ua PCB tab sis zoo nkauj tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev ua mov ci thiab ua haujlwm ib leeg. 10F206 kuj tseem muaj nyob hauv pob 8 tus pin DIP- Kuv qhia koj siv nws. Kuv tsis tau muab cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem PCB rau tus tswj ntawm no vim tias kuv tsis siv PCB. Lub Circuit Court yog qhov yooj yim heev uas nws zoo li ua dag los ua PCB rau nws. Tsuas muaj 4 ntu ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas- tus xa tawm, uC, hla lub hau, thiab tiv thaiv. Lub Circuit Court xav tau qhov tsawg dua li lub 555 timer chip Circuit. Tsuas yog txiav qee lub rooj tsav tsheb kom haum rau lub thawv twg koj tab tom siv thiab xaim qhov khoom. Nws yuav tsum siv tag nrho 30 feeb pib kom tiav. Cov kab hluav taws xob kho qhov muag tau yooj yim zoo nkauj- IC, lub hau, thiab LED. LED thiab kho qhov muag IC nkag mus rau kab pheeb ces kaum sib txawv ntawm cov yeeb nkab thav duab, yog li koj yuav xav tau ib pawg ntawm cov xim xaim. Kuv "sib sau ua ke" IC thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm perf board uas haum rau hauv lub hau ntsaws rau PVC lub luj tshib txuas hauv tus ncej- saib cov duab ntawm nplooj ntawv tom ntej.

Kauj Ruam 2: Txoj Haujlwm

PIC10F206 yog ib feem yooj yim heev- tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab tsuas yog 2 qib sib tshooj, yog li koj tsis tuaj yeem ua ib qho zes subroutines- koj yuav pom kev ywj pheej siv goto's hauv txoj haujlwm vim qhov txiaj ntsig. Lub nti ua haujlwm ntawm 4 MHz siv sab hauv RC oscillator yog li nws ua 1M cov lus qhia ib pliag. Thaum ib yam khoom tawg IR kab teeb, nws yuav siv IS471 chips abut 400 peb hloov lub xeev. Los ntawm qhov ntawd uC xav tau tsuas yog ob peb microseconds txhawm rau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov kev hloov pauv thiab xaj kom cov xa tawm kaw. Kev xa rov qab yuav siv sijhawm txog 1.5 ms los kaw ua rau kwv yees li 2 ms tag nrho ncua los ntawm kab teeb tawg mus rau kev xa rov qab kaw. Kuv tsim cov program nti siv MPLAB. Nws yog Microchip Tech cov sib sau ua ke pub dawb/IDE. Kuv kuj siv kuv tus lej ICD2 Suav (kwv yees li $ 50 ntawm ebay) los ua qhov program IC. Kuv xav tau siv ntau qhov kev ncua qeeb yog li kuv tau cog ib puag ncig ntawm lub vev xaib thiab pom qhov program hu ua PICLoops ntawm no: https://www.mnsi.net/~boucher/picloops.htmlPICLoops tau tsim lub sijhawm sib dhos ua ke rau koj yog tias koj qhia nws seb uC koj tab tom siv thiab lub moos ceev. Tom qab ntawd kuv tau khiav mus rau qhov kev pabcuam online zoo ib yam ntawm no: https://www.piclist.com/techref/piclist/codegen/delay.htm Qhov thib ob yuav ua rau qeeb uas yog qhov raug rau ib zaug moos uas PICLoops tsis yog zoo heev yog qhov tseeb. Ib qho twg yog qhov zoo rau daim ntawv thov no vim tias lub sijhawm tsis tseem ceeb thiab uC tau ua haujlwm ntawm RC oscillator ib yam nkaus. Txoj kev hloov pauv ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua kom suav tus lej ntawm lub sijhawm lub pob tau raug nias. Txhua lub sijhawm khawm tau nias qhov ncua ntawm cov mem tes mus rau kev xa rov qab tau luv txaus kom nqis tes ua cov mem tes zaus los ntawm 1 Hz. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm txoj cai yog qhov sib txawv qeeb uas siv los ntawm hom mem tes. Thaum koj hloov hom mem tes LED teeb nyem los qhia qhov hom tshiab. Koj tuaj yeem qhia dab tsi ntawm qhov ntsuas tus mem tes tshiab yog los ntawm kev suav cov teeb nyem LED- 4 zaug txhais tau tias 4 Hz, thiab lwm yam. Cov teeb nyem LED tau siv sijhawm qeeb txaus uas koj yuav suav tau. Yog tias chav nyob hauv 10 Hz hom mem tes, thawb lub pob dua yuav coj koj rov mus rau hom txuas ntxiv. Yog tias lub sijhawm tsis rov pib dua ua ntej nws hla, uC yuav rov pib dua nws tus kheej. Tias yog vim li cas tuav lub khawm khawm rau 2.3 vib nas this ua rau uC rov pib dua mus rau hom tsis tu ncua. Thaum koj thawb lub pob, uC tos koj tso nws ua ntej yuav ua dab tsi. Ib qho ntawm thawj yam nws ua tom qab koj tso nws rov pib dua lub moos-aub timer. Yog tias koj tsis tso lub pob, lub sijhawm saib-aub hla thiab rov pib dua qhov haujlwm hauv hom txuas mus tas li. Kuv tau txuas cov ntawv teev npe sib dhos rau cov uas xav paub thiab cov.hex cov ntaub ntawv rau cov uas tsuas xav hlawv lub nti thiab ua tiav nrog nws. Kuv zoo siab txais tos txhua qhov kev thuam ntawm kuv cov txheej txheem txheej txheem los ntawm ib tus ntawm koj ntawm PIC cov kws tshaj lij kev sib tham tawm muaj. Ntau- qhov xa tawm kaw rau 25 ms thaum nws ua haujlwm hauv hom mem tes. Qee lub koob yees duab yuav xav tau mem tes ntev. Qhov kev ncua ntawd tau teeb tsa hauv kab uas hais tias "hu qeeb25" nyob ze rau sab saum toj ntawm ntu rlypuls ntawm txoj cai. Yog 25 ms luv dhau rau koj lub koob yees duab, hloov kab ntawd los hais "hu qeeb 50", tom qab ntawd hloov kab uas hais tias "hu qeeb75" los hais "hu qeeb 50". Qhov ntawd yuav ua rau lub sijhawm mem tes nce mus rau 50 ms thiab tseem ua rau txhua qhov kev ntsuas plawv ntawm ib qib 1 Hz. koj xav tau, txawm hais tias tus neeg siv-interface yuav raug txwv me ntsis.

Kauj Ruam 3: Kev Tsim Kho Tshuab

Kuv xub sim ua qhov no nrog 3 ko taw square ntawm 1/2 "yeeb nkab tab sis pom tias nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem ua kom cov kab sib dhos ua ke. Qhov kev ncua deb zoo heev thiab cov yeeb nkab hloov pauv tau yooj yim kom tswj tau txoj kab nqes. Kuv hloov mus rau 3/ 4 "yeeb nkab thiab 2 ko taw xwmfab thiab tam sim no nws tag nrho nyob qis qis kom zoo nkauj. Kuv siv feem ntau ntawm 1/2 "yeeb nkab ua marshmallow tshuab rab phom rau kuv tus tub, Alex, thiab qee tus ntawm nws cov phooj ywg hoodlum.

Koj yuav xav tau 3/4 "cov yeeb nkab rau lub thav duab tseem ceeb thiab 1/2" yeeb nkab rau cov risers ntsug uas yog lub tsev kho qhov muag ICs thiab LEDs. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais 3/4 "lub luj tshib uas muaj 1/2" threaded sab txuas, yog li tau txais qee qhov 1/2 "xov hloov pauv ib yam nkaus. Kuv lub tswv yim hais txog kev cuam tshuam nrog PVC cov phiaj xwm yeeb nkab yog yuav ntau dua cov khoom siv thiab cov yeeb nkab thiab rov qab dab tsi. Koj tsis xav tau thaum txoj haujlwm tiav. Qhov ntawd txo qis kev taug kev mus rau lub khw rau ib qho $ 0.30 haum. ntawm cov yeeb nkab. Koj yuav xav ua cov xov hlau ntev dua los tso cai sib dhos thiab tshem tawm qhov sib nrug rau kev daws teeb meem. Cov xim sib txawv yuav pab koj kom ncaj qhov txuas mus rau dab tsi. Thawj qhov kuv tau ua yog laum qhov hauv lub kaus mom thiab teeb LEDs Kuv tau txuas cov xov hlau ntev ntxiv thiab siv cua sov-ntsws ntawm LED ua rau insulate lawv. Kuv xoob sib dhos cov yeeb nkab thav duab yog li kuv tuaj yeem rub nws sib nrug yooj yim thiab khiav cov xov hlau los ntawm cov yeeb nkab. board txiav kom haum rau hauv qhov qhib hauv qhov kawg-lub kaus mom ole hauv lub hau thiab nruab ib qho ntawm 1/4 "tooj dag tooj liab (lossis yam koj muaj nyob ib puag ncig). Nco ntsoov koj paub sab twg ntawm IS471 yog tus txais sab! Koj xav kom nws ntsib koj lub LED, tsis yog hla lub hau! Txuas cov xov hlau mus rau IC pawg thawj coj- yuav muaj tag nrho tsib qhov kev sib txuas- Vcc, Gnd, Tawm, thiab LED. Cov hlau thib tsib txuas cov anode ntawm LED mus rau Vcc. Txiav txim siab qhov twg koj xav tso lub txuas rau ntawm cov yeeb nkab thav duab thiab xyuas kom tseeb tias cov coj mus rau IC ntev txaus kom mus txog nws. Mount tus txuas, khiav cov xov hlau, txuas nws tag nrho ua ke thiab koj npaj txhij mus. Tsis txhob hnov qab txhawm rau xaim av hauv av rau lub plhaub ntawm qhov txuas. Nws yuav pab tiv thaiv txhua yam los ntawm hluav taws xob zoo li qub. Thaum tag nrho cov xov hluav taws xob tiav, ntaus cov yeeb nkab ua ke kom nruj nrog lub thoob. Koj yuav tsum tsis xav tau kua nplaum, thiab yog tias koj muab cov yeeb nkab sib dhos ua ke koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem sib cais los daws teeb meem tom qab. Yog tias koj xav tau kev tsim kho kom nyab xeeb dua, tsav cov ntsia hlau hla txhua qhov sib koom ua ke tom qab sib tsoo lawv ua ke. Thaum tus tswj tau sib sau ua ke koj yuav tsum tau teeb tsa kab teeb. Kev xa rov qab yuav kaw tsuas yog thaum ob IR kab teeb raug cuam tshuam/ua tsis raug. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm OPICs feem ntau qis, thaum lawv tuaj yeem pom lawv lub teeb ci thiab nce siab thaum nqaj ntoo cuam tshuam. Yog li kev teeb tsa kab teeb tau ua tiav raws li hauv qab no: 1) Txuas cov kab teeb pom kev zoo rau tus tswj. 2) Hwj chim rau. LED yuav ci thiab nyob twj ywm tshwj tsis yog koj muaj hmoo tshwj xeeb. Ua ntej nws teeb los qhia txog hom kev txuas mus ntxiv, tom qab ntawd nws nyob twj ywm vim tias cov kab teeb tawm ntawm txoj kab sib dhos. Yog tias LED tawm nws txhais tau tias tsawg kawg ib nqaj tau sib dhos. 3) Piv txwv tias LED tau teeb, nws qhia tau tias ob kab teeb tau ua tsis raug. Thaiv ib nqaj nrog daim kab xev lossis ntawv. 4) Teem lub LED zoo li koj tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm kev ntswj lub taub hau kom taw nws mus rau kab pheeb ces kaum sib txawv ntawm OPIC. 5) Tam sim no pib hloov pauv thiab ntswj lub OPIC lub taub hau kom txog thaum LED tawm mus, qhia tias lub nqaj tau ua raws. 6) Tom ntej no thaiv txoj kab nqes tshiab, tom qab ntawd ua tib qho kev hloov kho rau lub nqaj thib ob. Thaum LED tawm mus, ob kab teeb tau sib dhos thiab koj npaj txhij los thaij duab. Thaum twg los xij uas koj ua kom lub zog nce siab, xyuas cov kab teeb los ntawm kev thaiv ib qho thiab lwm qhov. Yog tias ib txoj kab teeb tsis raug, thaiv lwm qhov yuav ua rau LED ci. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem rov kho qhov ib uas tawm ntawm whack. Yog tias LED teeb thiab nyob twj ywm ci, ob kab teeb tawm ntawm kev sib dhos thiab koj yuav tsum ua raws cov txheej txheem piav qhia saum toj no. Yog tias koj txhim kho yam ruaj ntseg thiab kho kab teeb rau thawj zaug nws yuav siv qee qhov kev rau txim ua ntej koj yuav tsum ua ib qho tshiab.

Kauj ruam 4: Tus Tswj

Kuv ua tus tswj hwm hauv lub thawv yas kuv khaws rau tus nqi ntau heev ntawm Fry cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Koj tuaj yeem siv yuav luag txhua yam tsuav nws loj txaus. Lub npov no tau tsim rau lub roj teeb 9V tab sis kuv xav tau siv 6V yog li qhov chaw roj teeb tau nkim pov tseg. Kuv tuaj yeem yooj yim haum rau lub rooj tsav xwm hauv 9V lub roj teeb.

Xijpeem lub thawv thiab hloov pauv koj siv, npaj cov txheej txheem thiab xyuas kom txhua yam yuav haum ua ke thaum koj sim kaw nws. Nco ntsoov tias muaj lub diode txuas nrog hauv cov roj teeb. Nws nyob ntawd kom coj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nqes mus rau qhov lees paub rau uC uas tau ntsuas rau 5.5V siab tshaj Vcc. Txawm hais tias nrog lub diode, ib feem tau ua haujlwm ntawm qhov txwv nrog cov roj teeb tshiab yog li tsis tau txais cov tswv yim zoo txog kev khiav ntawm 9V tshwj tsis yog koj ntxiv 5V tus tswj hwm. Kuv ua si nrog lub tswv yim ntawm kev siv PIC12HV615 hloov vim tias nws muaj tus tswj hwm shunt built-in, tab sis qhov viav vias nruab nrab ntawm qhov tsawg kawg thiab qhov siab tshaj tam sim no ntau dhau rau shunt tus tswj hwm yog li kuv yuav tsum ua rau lub voj voog me ntsis kom nws mus ua hauj lwm. Kuv xav khaws qhov no yooj yim heev, feem ntau vim tias kuv tub nkeeg tab sis kuj vim tias kuv muaj lwm txoj haujlwm mus thiab kuv xav kom ua tiav qhov no ASAP. Cov kis kuv siv tau muaj cov tiv thaiv tiv thaiv diode pom tab sis tsis sau rau ntawm cov phiaj xwm. Lub diode tiv thaiv uC los ntawm qhov inductive thim rov qab hluav taws xob ncaws tawm uas tshwm sim thaum koj tua hluav taws xob mus rau hauv lub inductor zoo li cov hlua txuas. Yog tias koj siv qhov sib txuas sib txawv kom ntseeg tau ntxiv cov diode nrog qhov pom tau zoo lossis tej zaum koj tuaj yeem hnia koj li uC ua ntej thawj zaug kev xa hluav taws xob. Lub uC tuaj yeem nyab xeeb txog 25 mA los ntawm ib tus pin yog li xaiv qhov txuas nrog lub zog ua haujlwm siab. PRMA1A05 muaj 500 Ohm coil yog li nws tsuas siv sijhawm 10-12 mA los kaw nws. Kuv xav siv qee qhov nyias nyias, lub teeb pom kev zoo nrog RJ-11 txuas tab sis txhua qhov txuas uas kuv pom ntawm Fry yog PCB ntu ntu yog li kuv thiaj li mus kawm ntawv qub nrog DB9s. Cov kab hluav taws xob txuas yog cov av pheej yig thiab cov ntsia hlau yuav ua rau cov khoom sib txuas tsis txhob poob tawm. Koj tsuas yog xav tau txuas 3 xov hlau (Vcc, Gnd, thiab kev sib txuas ua ke ntawm ob IS471FEs) nruab nrab ntawm kev sib dhos kho qhov muag thiab tus tswj hwm yog li koj tuaj yeem siv yuav luag txhua lub txuas/cable koj nyiam, txawm tias lub tso suab mini ntsaws thiab ntsaws.

Kauj Ruam 5: Siv Tus Kheej Yees Duab

Lub tswv yim yog teeb tsa qhov kom cov kab teeb hla qhov uas koj cia siab tias yuav muaj qee qhov kev nqis tes ua. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xav tua tus hma noog ntawm tus pub mis, lossis noog nkag los lossis tawm ntawm lub zes, teeb tsa tus ncej nrog hla kab teeb taw tes txoj cai qhov koj xav tau. Tom qab teeb tsa lub koob yees duab taw qhia rau ntawm lub hom phiaj thiab teeb tsa ua ntej, tsom, thiab sib npaug dawb (qhov no yuav txo qis lub sijhawm kaw). Kuaj cov kab sib dhos kom ntseeg tau tias ob kab nqes tau ua kom raug-qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev tuav koj txhais tes hla txhua kab ib tus zuj zus ces dhau los ntawm thaj chaw. LED yuav tsum teeb thiab rov txuas dua tsuas yog thaum ob kab teeb raug cuam tshuam. Tam sim no teeb tsa hom kev ua haujlwm- ib qho txuas ntxiv lossis pulsed thiab ploj mus.

Koj yuav tsum paub me ntsis txog tus cwj pwm ntawm koj lub hom phiaj kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Yog tias koj xav tua qee yam uas txav nrawm, koj yuav tsum nqa lub koob yees duab thiab tus tswj kev ncua mus rau hauv tus as khauj kom twv seb lub hom phiaj yuav nyob tom qab nws cuam tshuam rau IR kab teeb. Tus noog noog uas ya nyob hauv ib qho chaw tuaj yeem raug tua nyob qhov twg cov kab teeb hla. Tus noog lossis tus puav uas ya nrawm yuav yog ob peb taw tawm ntawm lub sijhawm lub koob yees duab thaij duab. Hom pulsed tso cai rau cov koob yees duab uas tsis muaj lub hauv paus tua kom siv ntau cov duab ntev li ntev li cov kab teeb raug cuam tshuam. Koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa lub plawv dhia ntau npaum li 10 Hz, txawm hais tias tsis muaj ntau lub koob yees duab nyob ib puag ncig uas tuaj yeem tua qhov nrawm ntawd. Koj yuav tsum tau sim me ntsis kom pom sai npaum li cas koj lub koob yees duab tuaj yeem tua. Lub koob yees duab sib txuas yog dhau ntawm qhov ib txwm qhib kev sib txuas lus yog li koj tuaj yeem txuas lub eeb tsis yog lub koob yees duab. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem tua hauv qhov tsaus ntuj los ntawm kev kaw lub qhov rooj qhib thiab siv lub maub los tua lub teeb nyem ib zaug lossis ntau zaus thaum cov khoom (puav, tej zaum?) Tsoo kab teeb. Tom qab nyem nyem, kaw lub qhov rooj. Yog tias koj lub teeb nyem tuaj yeem ua rau koj tuaj yeem ua qee qhov txias ntau qhov kev txhaj tshuaj los ntawm kev siv ib qho ntawm hom mem tes. Koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov chaw uas cov kab teeb hla los ntawm kev txuas qee cov xov ywj rau lub taub hau kho qhov muag. Rau qee lub hom phiaj, qhov ntawd yog qhov uas koj yuav taw tes thiab tsom mus rau koj lub koob yees duab. Cov duab hauv qab no qhia txog tus txiv neej Lego poob los ntawm kab teeb. Kuv poob nws los ntawm ob peb txhais taw saum toj ntawm kab teeb thiab koj tuaj yeem pom nws tau poob txog 6-8 hauv qab kab teeb nyob rau lub sijhawm nws coj rau kab teeb kom tawg, txuas mus kaw, thiab lub koob yees duab kom tua. Lub koob yees duab no yog Nikon DSLR uas tej zaum muaj qhov kaw me me thaum ua kom pom tseeb thiab nthuav tawm. Koj cov txiaj ntsig yuav nyob ntawm koj lub koob yees duab. Tam sim no tus qauv no nyob hauv txhais tes ntawm tus phooj ywg uas tau thaij cov duab no (kuv lub koob yees duab yuav tsum tau hloov kho kom siv lub qhov rooj kaw tawm) Yog tias nws tsim qee cov duab zoo nkauj uas siv cov cuab yeej no kuv yuav sim tshaj tawm lawv ntawm no lossis ntawm kuv lub vev xaib. Muaj kev lom zem!