Linux Terminal Basics: 3 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:30

Thaum kuv xub nkag siab linux Kuv tau saib los ntawm cov ntawv thov thiab hla hla lub davhlau ya nyob twg. Lub davhlau ya nyob twg yuav yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov lus qhia no. Thaum lub davhlau ya nyob twg tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov zoo, cov khoom zoo no tuaj yeem ua qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo. Piv txwv li siv lub davhlau ya nyob twg koj tuaj yeem luam cov ntawv, teeb tsa cov program, unzip thiab rho tawm pob, tab sis koj tseem tuaj yeem rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tseem ceeb rau lub kaw lus. yog li kom txog thaum koj kawm paub qhov tsim nyog hais txog cov ncauj lus no tsis txhob siv lub davhlau ya nyob twg li hauv paus tshwj tsis yog qhov tsim nyog kiag li. Txog qhov no koj yuav xav tau: lub khoos phis tawj, linux distro teeb tsa ntawm koj lub computer (Kuv yuav siv Ubuntu Feisty Fawn 7.04), thiab kev nkag siab zoo. Kuv yuav qhia cov lus qhia no hauv peb theem tseem ceeb: cov lus txib yooj yim, txhim kho pob khoom (zip cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub qhov rais), kho koj lub davhlau ya nyob twg rau koj nyiam. Txij li qhov kev qhia no feem ntau yog cov ntawv raws li tsis xav tau ntau cov duab. Txawm li cas los xij yog tias koj muaj lus pom zoo thov tawm lus tawm tswv yim.

Kauj ruam 1: Basic Terminal Commands

Nco ntsoov tias cov lus txib hauv qab no tsuas yog qee qhov ntawm ntau qhov uas muaj. Kuv suav nrog cov no vim tias lawv feem ntau siv ntau zaus. Yog tias koj xav kom tag nrho cov npe mus ntawm no.cal-display a calendarcat-display contents of a filecd-change directorychmod-change access accessclearclear-clear the terminal screencp-copy file (s) to another locationdate-display dateecho-display a message in the davhlau ya nyob twg screenexit-kaw lub davhlau ya nyob twg windowfind-search rau cov ntaub ntawv (s) install- (qhov no yog qhov kev nkag siab zoo siv …) ls-list cov ntaub ntawv rau cov ntaub ntawv (s) los ntawm cov npe twg los xij koj yog inman-helpnetstat-displays network txheeb cais-ntsuas network kev sib txuas-hloov pauv rau cov hauv paus cov neeg siv (lub npe siv)-hloov mus rau npe hauv niam txiv -wget-khaws cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm is taws nem

Kauj Ruam 2: Txhim Kho Pob Tshiab uas Koj Rub Tawm

OK, uas koj tau kawm koj cov lus txib linux yooj yim koj zoo siab thiab txiav txim siab rub tawm qhov program linux los ntawm internet. Thaum nws rub tawm tab sis koj tsis muaj lub tswv yim yuav ua li cas rau nruab nws. Ua ntej txawm tias kuv yuav ua qee qhov kev xav: cov ntawv koj rub tawm xaus hauv.tgz, qhov no zoo li winzip cov ntaub ntawv tab sis hu ua pob linux, thiab koj muaj kev nkag siab yooj yim ntawm cov lus hais los saum no. Tam sim no pib, ntawm no yog li cas.

1. Koj yuav tsum tau txais cov ntawv koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no los ntawm rub nws los ntawm Is Taws Nem lossis los ntawm kev siv wget hais kom ua. Yog tias koj xaiv qhov kev xaiv tom qab tsuas yog ntaus wget (rub tawm URL). Cov ntaub ntawv koj nyuam qhuav rub tawm yog hu ua coolthing-5.3.tgz. 2. Tam sim no peb yuav rho tawm thiab sau cov ntawv. Txhawm rau ua hom no tar -xvzf coolthing -5.3.tgz. Tus x yuav rho tawm nws, v yuav hais txog zipped cov ntsiab lus, z, ntawm cov ntawv khaws cia. Tam sim no nyem nkag, lub davhlau ya nyob twg yuav tsum tso tawm ib pawg ntawm cov khoom nws ua dab tsi. 3. Tom ntej no peb yuav hloov cov npe rau coolthing-5.3.tgz. Ua qhov no los ntawm kev ntaus cd coolthing-5.3.tgz. 4. Tam sim no nws yog lub sijhawm los teeb tsa txoj haujlwm. Ua qhov no los ntawm kev ntaus ntawv./configure. Lub davhlau ya nyob twg yuav muab rau koj ntau ntxiv tab sis tshwj tsis yog koj tau txais qhov yuam kev koj tuaj yeem cia li tsis quav ntsej nws. 5. Lub sijhawm kawg los txog rau nruab koj qhov program. Thawj hom ua, tom qab ntawd nias nkag mus. Qhov no yuav tsim cov kev pabcuam binary. Lwm zaus su, nias nkag mus, ntaus koj tus lej nkag teb chaws lo lus zais ces nias nkag dua. Tam sim no koj tau hais kom ua hauv paus, qhov no yuav tsum ua kom tiav cov lus txib tom ntej. Ntaus hauv kev teeb tsa, qhov no yuav tso qhov program binaries rau hauv lawv qhov chaw raug. Tam sim no txoj haujlwm yuav tsum teeb tsa thiab npaj kom khiav. Tam sim no koj tau nkag siab yooj yim ntawm yuav ua li cas koj lub davhlau ya nyob twg ua haujlwm koj yuav xav hloov qee yam. Yog li txuas ntxiv mus rau theem tom ntej !!!

Kauj ruam 3: Customizing Terminal

Ua ntej peb pib kuv xav hais tias kuv tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev puas tsuaj uas yuav tshwm sim rau koj lub cev thaum ua raws cov lus qhia no. Terminal customizations tuaj yeem ntxiv ob txoj hauv kev: ncaj qha rau.bashrc cov ntaub ntawv, nyob hauv/home/user name/.bashrc, lossis los ntawm kev sau ib tsab ntawv cais thiab muaj.bashrc xa mus rau nws. Rau qhov no peb yuav siv txoj kev thib ob. Ua ntej tshaj kuv xav hais tias kuv tau txais lub tswv yim no los ntawm lifehacker yog li kuv yuav muab thawj daim ntawv dav dav tweaks cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv rau kuv hloov kho ib qho. Hmoov tsis zoo rau koj koj yuav tsum rub cov ntawv sau thiab khaws cia rau hauv koj phau ntawv teev npe hauv tsev xws li. LifehackerTerminalTweaks lossis.terminaltweaks, nyob ntawm qhov koj rub tawm. Thaum rub tawm thiab khaws tseg tam sim no koj tuaj yeem tso lawv siv. Ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv koj lub tsev ntawv tais ceev tseg thiab nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv hu ua.bashrc (yog tias koj tsis pom nws sim tig rau cov ntaub ntawv zais, saib daim duab hauv qab no), qhib nws thiab ntxiv cov ntawv hauv qab no mus rau hauv qab.if (ntxig cov kab zauv ntawm no) -f ~/.bashrc (ntxig cov kab zauv ntawm no); thensource ~/.terminaltweaksfiFor rau tsab ntawv saum toj no nws hais tias "(ntxig cov kab zauv ntawm no)" siv cov kab sib npaug. Kuv tsis tuaj yeem sau lawv tau vim tias cov ntawv qhia ua cov ntawv nyeem nyeem nws ua qhov txuas. Thov txim. Tam sim no txuag nws. Thaum koj qhib lub davhlau ya nyob twg tam sim no nws yuav tsum tshwm sim sib txawv, nrog daim ntawv qhia hnub, txais tos cov lus, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias koj tsis nyiam txoj kev nws kho koj lub davhlau ya nyob twg koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov ntawv koj ntxiv rau qhov kawg ntawm.bashrc. Yog tias koj xav kho nws nws qhib ntxiv ib qho twg. LifehackerTerminalTweaks lossis.terminaltweaks. Tshwj tsis yog tias koj tam sim no koj tab tom ua dab tsi thaum koj mus kho cov ntawv no Kuv tsis xav kom cnanging dab tsi tshwj tsis yog thaj chaw txais tos. Qhov no qhia cov lus pom ntawm lub vijtsam davhlau ya nyob twg thaum pib. Ib qho kawg, hloov koj lub dav hlau keeb kwm yav dhau thiab cov ntawv xim. Kuv yuav qhia qhov no rau koj vim tias kuv cov phooj ywg nquag nug kuv tias yuav ua li cas. Ua ntej qhib koj lub davhlau ya nyob twg, nyem rau sab xis thiab xaiv "kho qhov profile tam sim no …", tam sim no nyem rau ntawm cov xim tab. Uncheck lub thawv uas hais tias siv xim los ntawm cov ntsiab lus system. Tam sim no yuav tsum muaj ob lub thawv nyem hauv qab no, ib qho rau cov ntawv thiab ib qho rau keeb kwm yav dhau, xaiv cov xim uas koj xav tau thiab nyem lub pob kaw. Tam sim no, tam sim no koj tau nkag siab qhov davhlau ya nyob twg thiab tau kho nws kom haum rau koj cov kev xav tau. Txhua lo lus nug thov tso tawm lus lossis PM rau kuv.