Hloov Hom Altoids IPOD Charger Siv 3 'AA' Roj Teeb: 7 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:30

Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj haujlwm no yog tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig Altoids tin iPod (firewire) them nyiaj uas ua haujlwm ntawm 3 (roj teeb) 'AA' roj teeb. Txoj haujlwm no pib tawm los ua kev sib koom tes nrog Sky ntawm PCB tsim thiab tsim, thiab kuv ntawm Circuit thiab firmware. Raws li nws yog, qhov kev tsim no yuav tsis ua haujlwm. Nws tau nthuav tawm ntawm no hauv lub siab ntawm "lub tswv yim ntawm txoj haujlwm tsim los" (https://www.instructables.com/ex/i/C2303A881DE510299AD7001143E7E506/) "????- ib txoj haujlwm uas siv lwm txoj haujlwm raws li kev nqis tes ua pob zeb rau kev kho kom zoo ntxiv, txhim kho, lossis thov rau qhov teeb meem sib txawv. Lub zej zog ntawm DIYers uas peb txhua tus yog ib feem ntawm tuaj yeem ua qee yam zoo kawg nkaus ua haujlwm ua ke ua zej zog. Kev hloov pauv tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev. yog kom lub zej zog pab kho thiab hloov kho cov tswv yim uas tseem tsis tau npaj txhij los ua kom tiav cov haujlwm. " Peb xa qhov no tam sim no kom lwm tus neeg txhawb nqa iPod tuaj yeem nqa qhov uas peb tawm mus. Muaj (tsawg kawg) ob qhov laj thawj no lub charger _ ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm: 1. Lub transistor tsis tso cov dej txaus txaus kom them tus nqi inductor. Lwm qhov kev xaiv yog FET, tab sis FET xav tau yam tsawg kawg ntawm 5 volts los hloov tag nrho. Qhov no tau tham hauv ntu SMPS.2. Tus inductor tsuas yog tsis loj txaus. Lub charger tsis tsim yuav luag txaus tam sim no rau iPod. Peb tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los ntsuas lub iPod them nyiaj tam sim no (txuag txiav sib nrug lub hauv paus kev them nyiaj cable) kom txog thaum peb cov khoom tuaj txog ntawm Mouser. Cov inductors pom zoo tam sim no ze ze txaus rau qhov haujlwm no. Qhov kev hloov pauv uas tsim nyog yuav yog kauj Nick de Smith siv ntawm nws MAX1771 SMPS. Nws yog 2 lossis 3 amp coil los ntawm digikey: (https://www.desmith.net/NMdS/Electronics/NixiePSU.html#bom) Cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem muab lub zog me me rau USB lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tab sis tsis txaus kom them tus (3G) iPod. Nws yuav hwj chim, tab sis tsis tau them nqi, tag nrho tuag 3G iPod.

Kauj Ruam 1: Hloov Hom Altoids IPOD Charger Siv 3 'AA' Roj Teeb

Lub hom phiaj ntawm txoj haujlwm no yog tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig Altoids tin iPod (firewire) them nyiaj uas ua haujlwm ntawm 3 (roj teeb) 'AA' roj teeb. Firewire xa 30 volts tsis raug cai. Lub iPod tuaj yeem siv 8-30 volts DC. Kom tau qhov no los ntawm 3 AA roj teeb peb xav tau lub zog txhawb zog. Hauv qhov kev qhia no hloov lub zog hloov khoom siv raws li lub microcontroller tau siv. Yuav tsum siv cov kev tsis lees paub raws cai. High voltage ….deadly … lwm yam. Xav txog ntau npaum li cas koj lub iPod muaj txiaj ntsig rau koj ua ntej txuas nws mus rau rab phom me me hauv lub raj mis. /ex/i/B59D3AD4E2CE10288F99001143E7E506/? ALLSTEPS Nyeem rau saib yuav ua li cas nixie raj SMPS tsim tau yoog raws li lub iPod them nyiaj….

Ib tuj ntawm cov haujlwm dhau los tau tshoov siab qhov haujlwm no. Ib qho ntawm thawj lub DIY them nyiaj siv ua ke ntawm 9 volt thiab AA roj teeb kom them lub iPod los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj hluav taws (ua haujlwm rau txhua lub iPods, yuav tsum muaj rau 3G iPods): https://www.chrisdiclerico.com/2004/10/24 /ipod-altoids-battery-pack-v2Qhov tsim no muaj teeb meem ntawm kev tso tawm tsis sib xws ntawm cov roj teeb. Qhov hloov kho tshiab siv tsuas yog 9 lub roj teeb: https://www.chrisdiclerico.com/2005/01/18/altoids-ipod-battery-pack-v3 Nws yog qhov tsim qauv yooj yim rau lub 5 volt USB charger (hom no yuav tsis them nqi iPods ua ntej, xws li 3G). Nws siv lub roj teeb 9 volt nrog 7805 5 volt tus tswj hwm. Kev ruaj khov 5 volts tau muab, tab sis ntxiv 4 volts los ntawm lub roj teeb tau hlawv tawm raws li cua sov hauv tus tswj hwm. https://www.instructables.com/ex/i/9A2B899A157310299AD7001143E7E506/? Kuv xav tias 9 volters yog wimpy thiab kim. Thaum tshawb fawb rau cov lus qhia no kuv tau sau tseg tias 'Energizer' NiMH 9 volt tsuas yog ntsuas 150 mAh. 'Duracell' tsis ua kom rov them dua 9 volters. Ib 'Duracell' lossis 'Energizer' NiMH 'AA' muaj lub zog noj qab haus huv 2300 mAh, lossis ntau dua (txog 2700 mAh ntsuas ntawm cov roj teeb tshiab dua). Hauv qhov me me, cov roj teeb alkaline AA pov tseg muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm tus nqi tsim nyog. Siv 3 'AA' roj teeb nets peb 2700mAh ntawm ~ 4 volts, piv rau 150mAh ntawm 9 lossis 18 (2x9 volts) volts. Nrog lub zog ntau no peb tuaj yeem nyob nrog kev hloov pauv poob thiab lub zog ntxiv noj los ntawm SMPS microcontroller.

Kauj ruam 2: SMPS

Cov lus piv txwv hauv qab no tau txais los ntawm TB053 (daim ntawv thov zoo los ntawm Microchip: (https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/AppNotes/91053b.pdf)). Nws qhia txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus tom qab SMPS. Tus tswj hwm microcontroller ua rau FET (Q1), tso cai them tus nqi los tsim cov inductor L1. Thaum FET raug kaw, tus nqi ntws los ntawm diode D1 rau hauv lub capacitor C1. Vvfb yog lub tswv yim faib hluav taws xob uas tso cai rau lub microcontroller los saib xyuas qhov hluav taws xob siab thiab qhib FET raws li xav tau los tswj lub zog xav tau. Peb xav tau ntawm 8 txog 30 volts kom them lub iPod los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj hluav taws. Cia tsim qhov SMPS no rau 12 volts tso zis. Qhov no tsis yog qhov hluav taws xob tuag tam sim ntawd, tab sis zoo nyob hauv qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob ntau. Muaj ntau qhov kev daws teeb meem ib leeg uas tuaj yeem txhawb qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm ob peb lub roj teeb rau 12 (lossis ntau dua) volts. Qhov haujlwm no TSIS YOG raws li ib qho ntawm cov no. Hloov chaw, peb yuav siv lub program tswj microcontroller los ntawm Microchip, PIC 12F683. Qhov no cia peb tsim SMPS nrog cov khoom seem hauv lub thawv, thiab ua rau peb nyob ze rau cov khoom siv. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem ib leeg yuav ua rau feem ntau ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm SMPS thiab txhawb nqa tus muag khoom kaw-hauv. 8 tus pin PIC 12F682 tau xaiv rau nws qhov loj me thiab tus nqi (tsawg dua $ 1). Ib qho microcontroller tuaj yeem siv tau (PIC/AVR) uas muaj kho vajtse dav dav ntsuas (PWM), ob qhov hloov pauv digital analog (ADC), thiab xaiv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob (sab hauv lossis sab nraud Vref). Kuv nyiam 8 tus pin 12F683 thiab siv nws rau txhua yam. Qee lub sijhawm kuv tau siv nws ua qhov tseeb 8 Mhz lub moos sab nraud rau PICs qub. Kuv vam tias Microchip yuav xa tag nrho cov raj rau kuv. Voltage Siv Cov cuab yeej siv roj teeb. Cov roj teeb tawm thiab hloov pauv qhov kub yuav ua rau qhov hluav taws xob poob qis. Txhawm rau PIC tswj hwm teeb tsa qhov hluav taws xob (12 volts) yuav tsum tau siv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ruaj khov. Qhov no yuav tsum yog qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob qis heev yog li nws muaj txiaj ntsig ntau ntawm cov zis los ntawm 3 AA roj teeb. Ib qho 2.7 volt zener diode tau xub npaj tseg, tab sis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv nroog muaj 2 volt "stabistor" diode. Nws tau siv tib yam li zener siv, tab sis ntxig "thim rov qab" (ua tau rau pem hauv ntej). Tus stabistor zoo li tsis tshua muaj neeg pom (thiab kim heev, ~ 0.75 euro xees), yog li peb tau tsim qhov thib ob nrog 2.5 volt siv los ntawm microchip (MCP1525). Yog tias koj tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau tus neeg tua hluav taws lossis Microchip (lossis lwm yam TO-92) siv, siv 2.7 volt zener tuaj yeem siv tau. Thawj qhov tso cai rau PIC nkag siab qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm. PIC pulses transistor teb rau cov kev ntsuas no, tswj xyuas qhov xav tau tus lej ntawm ADC (Kuv hu qhov no 'teeb tsa taw tes'). PIC ntsuas cov roj teeb hluav taws xob los ntawm qhov thib ob (Kuv yuav hu rau qhov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis Vsupply). Qhov zoo tshaj inductor raws sijhawm yog nyob ntawm qhov khoom siv hluav taws xob. PIC firmware nyeem ADC tus nqi thiab suav qhov ua tau zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm rau transistor thiab inductor (lub sijhawm/lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm PWM). Nws muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau qhov tseeb hauv koj li PIC, tab sis yog tias lub zog hloov pauv qhov txiaj ntsig tsis pom zoo dua. Thaum khiav los ntawm roj teeb, qhov hluav taws xob yuav txo qis raws li cov roj teeb tso tawm, xav tau sijhawm ntev dua. Kuv qhov kev daws teeb meem yog kom PIC suav tag nrho cov no thiab teeb nws tus kheej qhov txiaj ntsig. Ob qho kev faib tawm tau tsim los kom qhov ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob zoo nyob hauv qab 2.5 volt siv. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau faib los ntawm 100K thiab 22K resistor, muab 0.81 ntawm 4.5 volts (roj teeb tshiab) rau 0.54 ntawm 3 volts (roj teeb tuag). Cov zis/hluav taws xob siab tau faib los ntawm 100K thiab 10K resistors (22K rau USB tso tawm). Peb tshem tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv siv hauv nixie SMPS. Qhov no ua rau pib kho me ntsis me ntsis, tab sis tshem tawm ib feem loj. Ntawm 12 volts tso tawm cov lus tawm tswv yim yog kwv yees li 1 volt. FET/SwitchFETs yog tus qauv 'hloov' hauv SMPSs. FETs hloov pauv tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov hluav taws xob siab dua qhov muab los ntawm 3 AA roj teeb. Darlington transistor tau siv dua vim tias nws yog lub cuab yeej hloov tam sim no. TIP121 muaj qhov nce ntawm 1000 yam tsawg kawg nkaus any any    any “ib qho zoo sib xws transistor tuaj yeem siv tau. Ib qho diode yooj yim (1N4148) thiab tus tiv thaiv (1K) tiv thaiv PIC PWM tus pin los ntawm ib qho tsis muaj hluav taws xob los ntawm lub hauv paus transistor. Inductor Coil Kuv txaus siab rau C & D lub zog inductors muaj nyob ntawm Mouser. Lawv me me thiab av pheej yig. Rau USB version ntawm lub charger lub 220uH inductor tau siv (22R224C). Qhov hluav taws kub version siv 680 uH inductor (22R684C). Cov txiaj ntsig no tau xaiv los ntawm kev sim. Raws li txoj cai, ib tus nqi inductor yuav tsum ua haujlwm yog PIC firmware tau teeb tsa kom raug. Hauv qhov tseeb, txawm li cas los xij, lub suab nrov nrov nrog cov txiaj ntsig tsawg dua 680uH hauv qhov hluav taws xob version. Qhov no tej zaum muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev siv transistor, hloov FET, raws li kev hloov pauv. Kuv yuav zoo siab rau txhua tus kws tshaj lij cov lus qhia hauv cheeb tsam no. Rectifier DiodeA pheej yig super/ultra ceev 100 volt 1 amp rectifier los ntawm Mouser (saib cov npe ib feem) tau siv. Lwm qhov qis voltage rectifiers tuaj yeem siv tau. Xyuas kom tseeb tias koj lub diode muaj qhov hluav taws xob qis qis thiab rov ua haujlwm nrawm (30ns zoo li ua haujlwm tau zoo). Txoj cai Schottky yuav tsum ua haujlwm zoo, tab sis saib xyuas kom sov, nrov nrov, thiab EMI. Joe ntawm daim ntawv teev npe hloov chaw xa ntawv pom zoo: (lub vev xaib: https://groups.yahoo.com/group/switchmode/) "Kuv xav tias txij li Schottky tau nrawm dua thiab muaj lub zog sib txuas zoo li koj tau hais, koj tuaj yeem tau txais lub suab nrov me ntsis ntxiv Thiab EMI. capacitor khaws lub zog rau tus inductor. 47uf/63v electrolytic thiab 0.1uf/50V hlau zaj duab xis capacitor du cov zis hluav taws xob. A 1 watt 5.1 volt zener tau muab tso nruab nrab ntawm cov hluav taws xob nkag thiab hauv av. Hauv ib txwm siv 3 AAs yuav tsum tsis txhob muab 5.1 volts. Yog tias tus neeg siv tswj hwm lub hwj chim ntawm pawg thawj coj, tus zener yuav kaw qhov khoom rau 5.1 volts. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv PIC los ntawm kev puas tsuaj until ¢  until until until kom txog thaum lub zener kub hnyiab tawm. Ib tus tiv thaiv tuaj yeem hloov lub jumper hlau los ua qhov tseeb zener qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, tab sis yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo (saib ntu PCB). Txoj kev tiv thaiv iPod, 24 volt 1 watt zener diode tau ntxiv ntawm cov zis thiab hauv av. Hauv ib txwm siv cov diode no yuav tsum tsis ua dab tsi. Yog tias muaj qee yam mus tsis txaus ntshai (cov zis hluav taws xob nce mus txog 24) qhov diode no yuav tsum kaw qhov khoom ntawm 24 volts (zoo dua hauv qab qhov hluav taws xob ntau tshaj 30 volts). Tus inductor siv cov zis max ~ 0.8 watts ntawm 20 volts, yog li 1watt zener yuav tsum tso tawm qhov hluav taws xob ntau dhau yam tsis hlawv tawm.

Kauj Ruam 3: PCB

NCO TSEG muaj ob daim PCB, ib qho rau zener/stabistor qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, thiab ib qho rau MCP1525 qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. MCP version yog qhov "nyiam dua" uas yuav raug hloov kho yav tom ntej. Tsuas yog ib qho USB version, siv MCP vref, tau ua qhov no yog PCB nyuaj los tsim. Muaj qhov chaw seem tsawg nyob hauv peb cov tin tom qab qhov ntim ntawm 3 AA roj teeb raug txiav tawm. Cov tin siv tsis yog cov tin tiag tiag, nws yog lub npov pub dawb ntawm cov lus qhia txhawb lub vev xaib. Nws yuav tsum yog txog qhov loj ib yam li altoids tin. Tsis muaj Altoids tins kom pom nyob hauv Netherlands. Cov yas yas yas yas los ntawm lub khw hluav taws xob hauv zos tau siv los tuav 3 AA roj teeb. Cov hlau lead tau ncaj qha ncaj qha rau cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm nws. Lub zog tau muab rau PCB los ntawm ob lub jumper qhov, ua kom cov roj teeb tso tau yooj yim. Kev daws teeb meem zoo yuav yog qee qhov zoo ntawm PCB mountable roj teeb txuas. Kuv tsis tau pom cov no. Qhov LED khoov ntawm 90 degrees kom tawm mus rau hauv lub qhov hauv lub tin. TIP121 tseem tau khoov ntawm 90 degrees, tab sis tsis teeb tsa tiaj !!! ** Lub diode thiab ob lub resistors tau khiav hauv qab lub transistor kom txuag chaw. Hauv daim duab koj tuaj yeem pom tias lub transistor tau khoov, tab sis tau muab pov tseg xws li nws ntab ib centimeter hla cov khoom. Txhawm rau zam qhov tsis raug luv, npog thaj chaw no nrog cov kua nplaum kub los yog ib qho ntawm cov roj hmab lo lo nplaum. MCP1525 qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob nyob hauv qab TIP121 hauv MCP version ntawm PCB. Nws ua rau muaj qhov ua tau zoo heev. 3 cov khoom tau muab tso rau sab nraub qaum: lub hau txiav rau PIC, thiab ob lub zeners loj (24 volt thiab 5.1volt). Tsuas yog ib lub xaim xaim hluav taws xob xav tau (2 rau MCP version). Yog koj tsis xav siv lub cuab yeej txuas mus tas li, tso qhov hloov me me hauv kab nrog xaim los ntawm lub roj teeb hluav taws xob mus rau pawg tswj hwm Circuit Court. Ib qho hloov pauv tsis tau teeb tsa ntawm PCB kom txuag chaw thiab khaws qhov hloov pauv yooj yim. ** Dav dawb hau muaj kev txwv tsis pub hla mus rau-220 pob uas cuam tshuam nrog dav hlau hauv av. Kuv siv lub tsev qiv ntawv kho kom tshem tawm b-txwv thiab lwm txheej los ntawm TIP121 hneev taw. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem txuas cov hlua jumper los daws qhov teeb meem no yog tias koj, zoo li kuv, ntxub tus eagle library editor. Inductor coil thiab hloov kho mus rau -280 hneev taw yog nyob hauv Eagle lub tsev qiv ntawv suav nrog hauv qhov phiaj xwm khaws cia. Part list (Mouser tus lej muab rau qee qhov, lwm tus tuaj ntawm lub thawv tsis zoo): Ib feem Tus nqi (qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tsawg kawg, qhov loj dua yog qhov zoo)) C1 0.1uF/10VC2 100uF/25VC3 0.1uF/50VC4 47uF/63V (mouser #140-XRL63V47, $ 0.10) D1 Rectifier Diode SF12 (mouser #821-SF12), $ 0.22 -or- othersD2 1N4148 teeb liab me me (mouser #78 -1N4148, $ 0.03) D3 (Firewire) 24 Volt Zener/1 W (mouser #512-1N4749A, $ 0.09) D3 (USB) 5.6 Volt Zener/1 W (mouser #78-1N4734A, $ 0.07) D4 5.1 Volt Zener/1W (mouser # 78-1N4733A, $ 0.07) IC1 PIC 12F683 & 8 tus pin ntsaws qhov (socket xaiv tau/pom zoo, ~ $ 1.00 tag nrho) L1 (Firewire) 22R684C 680uH/0.25 amp inductor coil (mouser # 580-22R684C, $ 0.59) L1 (USB) 22R224C 220uH/0.49amp inductor coil (mouser # 580-22R224C, $ 0.59) LED1 5mm LEDQ1 TIP-121 Darlington tus tsav tsheb lossis zoo sib xws R1 100KR2 (Firewire) 10KR2 (USB) 22KR3 100KR4 22KR6 330 OHMR7 10KR8 1KV25 MCP15 (mouser #579-MCP1525ITO, $ 0.55) -or- 2.7 volt/400ma zener nrog 10K resistor (R3) (zener siv version PCB) -or- 2 volt stabistor nrog 10K resistor (R3) (zener siv version PCB) X1 Firewire/ IEEE1394 6 tus pin txoj cai, kab rov tav PCB mount txuas: Kobiconn (mouser #154-FWR20, $ 1.85) -or- EDAC (mouser #587-693-006-620-003, $ 0.93)

Kauj ruam 4: FIRMWARE

FIRMWAREC Ua tiav cov ntsiab lus ntawm SMPS firmware tau hais tseg hauv nixie SMPS cov lus qhia. Rau txhua qhov lej thiab cov ntsiab lus qias neeg ntawm SMPS, nyeem kuv lub nixie tube boost converter qhia: (https://www.instructables.com/ex/i/B59D3AD4E2CE10288F99001143E7E506/?ALLSTEPS) Lub firmware tau sau rau hauv MikroBasic, tus sau tau dawb cov kev zov me nyuam txog 2K (https://www.mikroe.com/)Yog koj xav tau PIC programmer, xav txog kuv li kev txhim kho JDM2 programmer board kuj tau tshaj tawm ntawm cov lus qhia (https://www.instructables.com/ex/i/6D80A0F6DA311028931A001143E7E506 /?ALLSTEPS). Basic firmware ua haujlwm: 1. Thaum lub zog siv PIC pib.2PIC qeeb rau 1 thib ob kom tso cai rau lub zog kom ruaj khov. 3. PIC nyeem cov lus tawm tswv yim hluav taws xob thiab suav qhov ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab lub sijhawm tseem ceeb. 4. PIC teev ADC nyeem ntawv, lub luag haujlwm ua haujlwm, thiab lub sijhawm tseem ceeb rau EEPROM. Qhov no tso cai rau qee qhov teeb meem tua thiab pab txheeb xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj loj. EEPROM chaw nyob 0 yog tus taw tes sau. Ib qho 4 byte cav tau txais kev cawmdim txhua lub sijhawm SMPS tau rov pib dua. Thawj 2 bytes yog ADC siab/qis, thib peb byte qis dua 8 cov khoom ntawm tus nqi voj voog, plaub byte yog lub sijhawm. Tag nrho 50 qhov kev ntsuas ntsuas (200 bytes) tau nkag mus ua ntej sau tus taw tes tig rov qab thiab pib dua ntawm EEPROM chaw nyob 1. Lub cav tsis ntev los no yuav nyob ntawm tus pointer-4. Cov no tuaj yeem nyeem tawm ntawm lub nti siv PIC programmer. Sab saud 55 bytes tau tso tseg dawb rau kev txhim kho yav tom ntej. 5. PIC nkag mus rau qhov tsis muaj qhov kawg - qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob siab tau ntsuas. Yog tias nws qis dua qhov xav tau tus lej PWM lub luag haujlwm rau npe tau thauj khoom nrog tus lej suav - NCO TSEG: qis dua ob qho khoom tseem ceeb thiab yuav tsum tau muab ntim rau hauv CPP1CON, sab saud 8 khoom mus rau hauv CRP1L. Yog tias cov lus tawm tswv yim siab dua qhov xav tau, PIC thauj lub luag haujlwm rau npe nrog 0. Qhov no yog qhov 'mem tes hla' qhov system. Kuv txiav txim siab ntawm mem tes hla rau ob qhov laj thawj: 1) ntawm qhov kev sib txawv siab tsis muaj ntau txoj haujlwm dav los ua si nrog (0-107 hauv peb qhov piv txwv, tsawg dua ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau dua), thiab 2) kev hloov pauv zaus yog ua tau, thiab muab ntau chav ntxiv rau kev hloov kho (35-255 hauv peb qhov piv txwv), tab sis XAUS LUAG LUAM YUAV TSUM MUAJ NYIAJ YUAV TSUM NYOB HAUV HARDWARE. Hloov qhov zaus thaum PWM ua haujlwm tuaj yeem muaj qhov cuam tshuam txawv txawv. Hloov pauv: Lub firmware tau txais ob peb qhov hloov tshiab los ntawm nixie tube SMPS version. 1. Lub koob txuas tau hloov pauv. Ib qho LED raug tshem tawm, siv ib qho taw qhia coj los siv. Pin tawm yog qhia hauv daim duab. Cov lus piav qhia hauv liab yog qhov pib ua haujlwm PIC tus pin uas tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv. 2. Cov analog digital converter tam sim no tau hais txog qhov hluav taws xob sab nraud ntawm tus pin 6, ntau dua li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lub khoos phis tawj tshiab yuav siv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntsuas txhua ob peb feeb thiab hloov kho qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov dav. Qhov "rov ua dua tshiab" ua rau lub tshuab ua haujlwm ua haujlwm tau zoo raws li cov roj teeb tso tawm. 4. Internal oscillator teeb tsa rau 4 MHz, kev nyab xeeb khiav ceev txog li 2.5 volts.5. ib PIC tshiab. Yooj yim nkag siab yooj yim rau cov pib tshiab. 6. Inductor lub sijhawm tso tawm (tawm-sijhawm) tam sim no suav hauv cov khoom lag luam. Tus lej yav dhau los (ib feem peb ntawm lub sijhawm) tsis txaus rau qhov kev txhawb nqa me me. Tib txoj hauv kev los tswj kev ua haujlwm thoob plaws lub roj teeb tawm yog txhawm rau txhim kho lub firmware los suav qhov tseeb-lub sijhawm. Cov kev hloov kho yog sim, tab sis txij li tau suav nrog rau hauv qhov kawg firmware. Los ntawm TB053 peb pom cov sijhawm sib npaug: 0 = ((volts_in-volts_out)/coil_uH)*fall_time + coil_amps Mangle qhov no rau: fall_time = L_Ipeak/(Volts_out-Volts_in) qhov twg: L_Ipeak = coil_uH*coil_ampsL_Ipeak tau siv tas li hauv firmware (saib ntu firmware). Volts_in twb tau txiav txim siab los txiav txim qhov inductor raws sijhawm. Volts_out yog qhov paub tas li (5/USB lossis 12/Firewire). Qhov no yuav tsum ua haujlwm rau txhua qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm V_out-V_in. Yog tias koj tau txais qhov tsis zoo, koj muaj teeb meem loj dua! Txhua qhov sib npaug tau suav nyob hauv daim ntawv pab cuam suav nrog NIXIE smps qhia tau. Cov kab hauv qab no tau ntxiv rau qhov ntu ntu ntawm cov firmware tau piav qhia hauv CALIBRATION cov kauj ruam: const v_out li byte = 5 'tso tawm qhov hluav taws xob los txiav txim tawm sijhawm

Kauj Ruam 5: CALIBRATION

Ob peb kauj ruam ntsuas ntsuas yuav pab koj kom tau txais txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws ntawm lub charger. Koj qhov ntsuas ntsuas tuaj yeem hloov pauv kuv qhov txiaj ntsig thiab muab tso ua ke rau hauv lub khoos phis tawj. Cov kauj ruam no yog xaiv tau (tshwj tsis yog siv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob), tab sis yuav pab koj kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm koj lub zog siv. Daim ntawv them nqi hluav taws xob ipod yuav pab koj ua qhov ntsuas ntsuas.const v_out li byte = 12 'tso zis hluav taws xob los txiav txim lub sijhawm tawm, 5 USB, 12 Firewireconst v_ref li ntab = 2.5' 2.5 rau MCP1525, 1.72 rau kuv tus neeg tua hluav taws, ~ 2.7 rau zener.const supply_ratio raws li ntab = 5.54 'muab piv sib npaug, ntsuas kom zoo dua qhov tseeb osst_freq li ntab = 4' oscillator zausconst L_Ipeak li ntab = 170 'coil uH * coil amps txuas ntxiv (680 * 0.25 = 170, puag ncig) const fb_value as lo lus = 447 'tso zis hluav taws xob teeb tsa taw tes Cov nuj nqis no tuaj yeem pom nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov lej firmware. Nrhiav qhov muaj nuj nqis thiab teeb tsa raws li hauv qab no: V_outThis yog qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm peb xav kom ua tiav. Qhov sib txawv no yuav tsis hloov pauv qhov hluav taws xob ntawm nws tus kheej. Tus nqi no yog siv los txiav txim siab lub sijhawm ntawm tus inductor xav kom tso tawm tag nrho. Nws yog kev txhim kho tau ua rau USB firmware uas tau xa mus rau qhov hluav taws xob version. Nkag mus rau 12, uas yog peb lub hom phiaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (lossis 5 rau USB). Saib Firmware: Hloov pauv: Kauj Ruam 6 kom ua tiav cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov ntxiv no. v_refThis yog qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm ADC. Qhov no xav tau txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov hluav taws xob muab hluav taws xob tiag tiag thiab suav lub inductor kauj them lub sijhawm. Sau 2.5 rau MCP1525, lossis ntsuas qhov tseeb qhov hluav taws xob. Txog zener lossis tus neeg siv tus neeg siv lub ntsuas ntsuas, ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb: 1. Tsis muaj lub PIC INSERTED - Txuas xov hlau los ntawm hauv av (lub qhov rooj PIN8) mus rau lub qhov (socket) 5. Qhov no tiv thaiv tus inductor thiab transistor los ntawm cua sov thaum lub zog nyob, tab sis PIC yog tsis tau tso rau 2. Itert roj teeb/tig rau lub hwj chim. 3 Siv lub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob nruab nrab ntawm PIC qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob siv tus pin (lub qhov rooj PIN6) thiab hauv av (lub qhov pin 8). Kuv tus nqi tseeb yog 1.7 volts rau tus ntaus, thiab 2.5 volts rau MSP1525. 4. Enter tus nqi no raws li v_ref qhov tsis tu ncua hauv firmware.supply_ratio Cov khoom faib hluav taws xob faib muaj 100K thiab 22K resistor. Hauv kev xav, cov lus tawm tswv yim yuav tsum sib npaug qhov muab hluav taws xob faib ua 5.58 (saib Cov Lus 1. Muab Cov Khoom Tawm Tawm Tawm Tawm Network Kev Ntsuas). Hauv kev coj ua, cov neeg tawm tsam muaj ntau yam kev zam thiab tsis yog qhov tseeb. Txhawm rau nrhiav qhov tseeb tawm tswv yim sib piv: 4. Ntsuas qhov khoom siv hluav taws xob (Muab V) nruab nrab ntawm lub qhov (socket) 1 thiab hauv av (tus pin 8), lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov roj teeb txuas. thiab hauv av (lub qhov (tus pin 8).6. Divide Supply V los ntawm SFB V kom tau txais qhov sib piv meej. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv "Table 2. Supply Voltage Feedback Calibration".7. Enter no value as supply_FB constant in the firmware.osc_freqSimply oscillator zaus. 12F683 sab hauv 8Mhz oscillator tau faib ua 2, kev nyab xeeb khiav ceev txog li 2.5 volts. 8. Enter tus nqi ntawm 4. L_IpeakMultiply inductor kauj uH los ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws txuas ntxiv amps kom tau txais tus nqi no. Hauv qhov piv txwv 22r684C yog 680uH kauj nrog ntsuas ntawm 0.25 amps txuas ntxiv. 680*0.25 = 170 (puag ncig mus rau tus lej qis yog xav tau). Sib npaug tus nqi ntawm no tshem tawm ib qho 32 ntsis ntab ntab sib txawv thiab kev suav uas tsis tas li yuav tsum tau ua tiav ntawm PIC. Tus nqi no yog xam hauv "Table 3: Coil Calculations".9. Xaiv cov inductor kauj uH los ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws txuas mus ntxiv amps: 680uH coil nrog qhov ntsuas ntawm 0.25 amps txuas ntxiv = 170 (siv cov lej qis dua tom ntej "170" 170).10. Nkag mus rau tus nqi no raws li L_Ipeak qhov tsis tu ncua hauv firmware.fb_valueThis yog qhov txiaj ntsig tus lej tiag PIC yuav siv los txiav txim siab yog tias lub zog hluav taws xob tso tawm siab dua lossis qis dua qib uas xav tau. Peb yuav tsum tau suav qhov no vim tias peb tsis muaj lub tshuab txiav tawm rau kev kho kom raug. 11. Siv Table 4 los txiav txim siab qhov sib piv ntawm cov zis thiab cov lus tawm tswv yim. (11.0) 12. Tom ntej no, nkag mus rau qhov sib piv no thiab koj qhov kev siv hluav taws xob qhia tseeb hauv "Table 5. High Voltage Feedback ADC Set Value" los txiav txim siab fb_value. (447 nrog kev siv 2.5 volt). 13. After koj qhov program PIC, ntsuas qhov tso zis hluav taws xob. Koj yuav tsum tau hloov kho me me rau cov lus taw qhia teeb tsa tus nqi thiab rov ua dua lub khoos phis tawj kom txog thaum koj tau txais qhov tseeb 12 volts tso tawm vim yog qhov ntsuas no, lub transistor thiab inductor yuav tsum tsis txhob sov. Koj yuav tsum tsis hnov lub suab nrov nrov los ntawm lub kauj inductor. Ob qhov xwm txheej no qhia txog kev ntsuas ntsuas tsis raug. Txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv nkag hauv EEPROM txhawm rau pab txiav txim siab qhov teeb meem koj nyob qhov twg.

Kauj Ruam 6: TESTING

Muaj lub khoos phis tawj rau PIC 16F737 thiab daim ntawv thov VB me me uas tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntau dua li lub roj teeb lub neej. 16F737 yuav tsum txuas nrog lub PC serial chaw nres nkoj nrog MAX203. Txhua 60 vib nas this cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm, thiab qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tuaj yeem nkag rau hauv PC. Ib daim duab zoo tuaj yeem ua qhia pom txhua qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm lub sijhawm them nyiaj. Qhov no tsis tau siv vim tias lub charger tsis tau ua haujlwm. Txhua yam raug txheeb xyuas kom ua haujlwm. Qhov kev sim firmware, thiab qhov pom me me qhov haujlwm yooj yim txhawm rau sau cov ntawv tso tawm, suav nrog hauv qhov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm. Kuv yuav tso txoj hlua rau koj.

Kauj Ruam 7: VARIATIONS: USB

USB version tuaj yeem ua tau nrog qee qhov kev hloov kho. USB them tsis yog qhov kev xaiv rau 3G iPod muaj rau kev sim. USB khoom siv 5.25-4.75 volts, peb lub hom phiaj yog 5 volts. Nov yog qhov kev hloov pauv uas yuav tsum tau ua: 1. Swap hauv USB 'A' hom txuas (mouser #571-7876161, $ 0.85) 2. Hloov pauv qhov tso tawm qhov hluav taws xob resistor faib (hloov R2 (10K) rau 22K).3. Hloov cov khoom tiv thaiv zener (D3) mus rau 5.6 volt 1 watt (mouser #78-1N4734A, $ 0.07). A 5.1 volt zener yuav yog qhov tseeb dua, tab sis zeners muaj qhov yuam kev zoo li resistors. Yog tias peb sim ntaus 5 lub hom phiaj thiab peb 5.1 volt zener muaj 10% yuam kev ntawm sab qis, txhua qhov peb siv zog yuav hlawv hauv zener.4. Change inductor coil (L1) rau 220uH, 0.49amp (mouser # 580 -22R224C, $ 0.59). Nkag mus rau qhov ntsuas ntsuas tshiab, raws li ntu kev ntsuas ntsuas: Teeb V_out rau 5 volts. Kauj Ruam 8 & 9: L_Ipeak = 220*0.49 = 107.8 = 107 (hloov mus rau tus lej qis dua tom ntej, yog tias xav tau).5. Table 4 â € “nkag 5 volts raws li qhov tso tawm thiab hloov 10K resistor nrog 22K (raws li cov kauj ruam 2). Peb pom tias ntawm 5 volts tso tawm, nrog 100K/22K faib cov network, cov lus tawm tswv yim (E1) yuav yog 0.9 volts. Tom ntej no, hloov pauv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob hauv Table 5, thiab nrhiav ADC teeb tsa taw tes. Nrog rau 2.5 volt siv (MCP1525) teeb tsa yog 369.6. Sample constants rau USB version: const v_out as byte = 5 'tso zis hluav taws xob los txiav txim tawm lub sijhawm, 5 USB, 12 Firewireconst v_ref li ntab = 2.5' 2.5 rau MCP1525, 1.72 rau kuv tus stabistor, ~ 2.7 rau zener.const supply_ratio raws li ntab = 5.54 'muab cov lej sib piv, ntsuas kom zoo dua qhov tseeb osc_freq li ntab = 4' oscillator frequencyconst L_Ipeak li ntab = 107 'coil uH * coil amps txuas ntxiv (220 * 0.49 = 107, puag ncig) ua fb_value raws li lo lus = 369 'tso tawm qhov hluav taws xob teeb tsa taw tesFirmware thiab PCB rau USB version tau suav nrog hauv qhov haujlwm khaws cia. Tsuas yog MCP qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tau hloov pauv mus rau USB.