MOSFET AUDIO AMPLIFIER (Tsawg nrov thiab nce siab): 6 Cov Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:30

Nyob zoo cov neeg!

Txoj haujlwm no yog tsim qauv thiab ua haujlwm ntawm Lub Hwj Huam Lub Hwjchim Qes Tsawg siv MOSFET's. Tus tsim yog yooj yim li nws tuaj yeem yog thiab cov khoom siv tau yooj yim. Kuv sau cov lus qhia no raws li kuv tus kheej tau ntsib ntau qhov nyuaj hauv tsev nrhiav qee cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig hais txog txoj haujlwm thiab txoj hauv kev yooj yim rau kev nqis tes ua.

Vam tias koj txaus siab nyeem cov ntawv qhia thiab kuv vam tias nws yuav pab koj.

Kauj ruam 1: Taw qhia

"Lub zog siv hluav taws xob (lossis lub zog hluav taws xob) yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob uas ua kom lub zog qis, tsis hnov suab hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob xws li lub teeb liab los ntawm lub xov tooj cua txais lossis hluav taws xob guitar nqa mus rau qib uas muaj zog txaus rau tsav lub suab nrov lossis lub mloog pob ntseg."

Qhov no suav nrog ob lub tshuab siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev thiab cov cuab yeej siv suab paj nruag zoo ib yam li cov tshuab ua suab paj nruag.

Lub suab nrov nrov tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1909 los ntawm Lee De Forest thaum nws tsim lub tshuab nqus tsev triode (lossis "valve" hauv Askiv Askiv). Triode yog peb lub davhlau ya nyob twg nrog cov kab ke tswj hwm uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov ntsiab lus mus rau phaj. Lub tshuab nqus tsev triode tau siv los ua thawj AM xov tooj cua. Lub suab fais fab thaum ntxov tau ua raws lub tshuab nqus tsev. Whereas, tam sim no-ib-hnub transistor-based amplifiers tau siv uas sib dua hauv qhov hnyav, ntseeg tau ntau dua thiab xav tau kev saib xyuas tsawg dua li cov raj siv hluav taws xob. Cov ntawv thov rau lub tshuab ua suab nrov suav nrog cov suab hauv tsev, kev hais kwv txhiaj thiab ua yeeb yam txhawb lub suab thiab cov chaw nyob rau pej xeem. Daim npav suab hauv lub khoos phis tawj tus kheej, txhua lub tshuab tso suab thiab txhua lub kaw lus hauv tsev muaj ib lossis ob peb lub suab nrov. Lwm cov ntawv thov suav nrog cov cuab yeej siv suab nrov xws li cov tshuab ntaus suab paj nruag, cov kws tshaj lij thiab nyiam siv xov tooj cua hauv xov tooj cua thiab cov khoom siv tau zoo xws li kev ua si thiab menyuam cov khoom ua si. Lub suab nrov nthuav tawm ntawm no siv mosfets kom ua tiav qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm lub suab nrov nrov. Kev nce qib thiab theem zog tau ua haujlwm hauv kev tsim qauv kom ua tiav qhov xav tau nce thiab bandwidth.

Kauj Ruam 2: Tsim thiab Qee Qhov Tseem Ceeb Amplifier Theem

Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm lub suab nrov suav nrog:

Lub zog tso tawm 0.5 W.

Bandwidth 100Hz-10KHz

ZOO TSHAJ PLAWS ZOO: Thawj lub hom phiaj yog ua kom tau txais lub zog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas txaus los muab lub suab tsis muaj suab nrov ntawm qhov tso tawm los ntawm tus hais lus. Txhawm rau ua kom tiav cov theem hauv qab no tau ua haujlwm hauv lub suab nrov:

1. Tau Txais Qib: The nce qib siv qhov muaj peev xwm faib cais tawm ntawm mosfet amplifier Circuit. Qhov muaj peev xwm faib ua pawg sib cais tau pom hauv daim duab 1.

Nws yooj yim ua kom lub suab nkag tau zoo thiab ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig raws li qhov sib npaug (1).

Txais = [(R1 || R2)/ (rs+ R1 || R2)] * (-gm) * (rd || RD || RL) (1)

Ntawm no, R1 thiab R2 yog qhov tawm tsam tawm tsam, rs yog qhov ua rau tsis kam, RD yog qhov tsis kam ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov hluav taws xob thiab ntws thiab RL yog qhov thauj khoom tsis kam.

gm yog transconductance uas tau txhais raws li qhov piv txwv ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv ntws tam sim no rau kev hloov pauv ntawm lub qhov rooj qhov hluav taws xob.

Nws yog muab raws li

gm = Delta (ID) / delta (VGS) (2)

Txhawm rau tsim qhov xav tau nce peb qhov muaj peev xwm faib ua pawg sib cais tau ua nyob rau hauv cov kab thiab tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig yog cov khoom lag luam ntawm kev nce qib ntawm tus kheej theem.

Tag nrho nce = A1*A2*A3 (3)

Qhov twg, A1, A2 thiab A3 yog qhov tau txais thawj qib, theem ob thiab qib peb feem.

Cov theem sib cais los ntawm ib leeg nrog kev pab ntawm cov khoom sib txuas sib txuas uas yog RC txuas.

2. Lub Hwj Huam Lub Hwjchim: Lub zog rub rub lub zog yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas muaj cov theem tso tawm uas tuaj yeem tsav lub zog tam sim no los ntawm kev taw qhia los ntawm kev thauj khoom.

Cov theem tso tawm ntawm lub zog rub rub lub suab nrov muaj ob qhov zoo ib yam BJTs lossis MOSFETs ib qho khoom siv tam sim no los ntawm kev thauj khoom thaum lwm tus poob rau qhov tam sim no los ntawm kev thauj khoom. Laub rub cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj qhov zoo tshaj li qhov ua tiav cov suab nrov (siv tib lub transistor ntawm qhov tso tawm rau kev tsav tsheb thauj khoom) raws li qhov cuam tshuam thiab ua tau zoo. Ib lub suab nrov tas li, yuav ua li cas zoo nws yuav raug tsim tawm yuav qhia qee qhov kev cuam tshuam vim yog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv hloov pauv.

Push rub amplifiers feem ntau siv hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis muaj qhov sib txawv, kev ua haujlwm siab thiab lub zog tso tawm siab xav tau.

Kev ua haujlwm yooj yim ntawm lub laub rub lub zog yog raws li hauv qab no:

"Lub teeb liab yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm thawj zaug tau muab faib ua ob lub cim zoo ib yam 180 ° tawm ntawm theem. Feem ntau qhov kev sib cais no tau ua tiav siv lub tshuab txuas txuas txuas. lwm lub teeb liab tau siv rau lub tswv yim ntawm lwm lub transistor."

Qhov zoo ntawm kev rub rub lub zog hluav taws xob yog qhov sib txawv qis, tsis muaj qhov sib nqus sib nqus hauv qhov txuas hluav taws xob txuas hluav taws xob, thiab tshem tawm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ripples uas ua rau tsis muaj suab nrov thaum qhov tsis zoo yog qhov xav tau ntawm ob lub transistors zoo ib yam thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom loj thiab raug nqi transformers. Lub zog nce qib tau ua tiav raws li theem kawg ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob suab nrov.

ZOO SIAB TSHAJ PLAWS ZOO TSHAJ PLAWS:

Lub peev xwm ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev hloov pauv lub sijhawm thiab kev teb zaus ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub no. Kev tshawb nrhiav dav thiab tob tob tau ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov teeb liab me me MOSFET amplifier Circuit.

Qhov tshwj xeeb tau muab rau txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem yooj yim uas cuam tshuam nrog kev muaj peev xwm hauv MOSFET cov tshuab hluav taws xob, tsis yog hloov kho qhov tsim. Peb qhov kev txhim kho sib txawv n-channel MOSFETs (2N7000 tus qauv, xa mus tom ntej no los ua MOS-1, MOS-2 thiab MOS-3) tsim los ntawm Motorola Inc. tau siv rau qhov kev sim. Txoj kev tshawb no nthuav tawm ob peb yam tseem ceeb tshiab ntawm cov suab nrov. Nws qhia tias hauv kev tsim cov teeb liab me me MOS cov khoom siv, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob raug muab tso rau qhov kev sib txuas thiab hla dhau lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob luv luv thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov tswv yim ac thiab cov hluav taws xob tso tawm. Qhov tseeb, lawv pab txhawb rau qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tau pom ntawm ob qho kev nkag thiab qhov chaw nres nkoj tso tawm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Thaum xaiv qhov kev txiav txim siab rau kev sib txuas thiab hla kev ua haujlwm lawv hais qhov tseeb qhov nce ntawm qhov ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm ntau zaus ntawm cov teeb liab nkag.

Kev txiav tawm qis qis dua yog tswj hwm los ntawm qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib txuas thiab hla dhau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thaum qhov kev txiav tawm sab saud yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm shunt capacitance. Qhov shunt capacitance no yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm tam sim no nruab nrab ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm transistor.

Lub peev xwm muab los ntawm cov mis.

C = (Cheeb Tsam * Ebsilon) / nrug (4)

Tus nqi ntawm cov capacitors tau xaiv xws li qhov tso tawm bandwidth yog nruab nrab ntawm 100-10KHz thiab cov teeb liab saum toj no thiab hauv qab qhov zaus no tau qis.

Cov duab:

Daim duab 1 Muaj peev xwm faib faib MOSFET kev sib tw

Daim duab 2 Lub Hwj Huam Amplifier Circuit siv BJT

Daim duab 3 Zaus Cov Lus Teb ntawm MOSFET

Kauj Ruam 3: Kev Siv Software thiab Kho Vajtse

Lub Circuit Court tau tsim thiab simulated ntawm PROTEUS software raws li qhia hauv daim duab 4. Tib lub Circuit Court tau ua tiav ntawm PCB thiab tib yam khoom siv tau siv.

Txhua tus tiv thaiv tau ntsuas rau 1 Watt thiab cov khoom siv rau 50 volt kom tsis txhob puas.

Cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv tau teev tseg hauv qab no:

R1, R5, R9 = 1MΩ

R2, R6, R11 = 68Ω

R3, R7, R10 = 230KΩ

R4, R8, R12 = 1KΩ

R13, R14 = 10KΩ

C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 = 4.7µF

C6, C7 = 1.5µF

Q1, Q2, Q3 = 2N7000

Q4 = TIP122

Q5 = TIP127

Lub Circuit Court tsuas yog muaj peb theem nce txuas nrog cascade.

Qib theem tau txuas nrog los ntawm RC txuas. RC kev sib txuas yog txoj kev siv dav tshaj plaws ntawm kev txuas hauv ntau lub suab sib txuas. Hauv qhov no Qhov Kuj R yog tus tiv thaiv txuas nrog ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob C txuas nrog ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Nws kuj tseem hu ua thaiv cov hlab hluav taws xob, vim nws yuav thaiv DC qhov hluav taws xob. Cov tswv yim tom qab dhau los ntawm cov theem no mus txog theem lub zog. Lub hwj chim theem siv BJT transistors (ib npn thiab ib pnp). Lub suab nrov tau txuas nrog ntawm qhov tso tawm ntawm theem no thiab peb tau txais lub suab nrov nrov. Lub teeb liab muab rau Circuit rau simulation yog 10mV sin wave thiab cov zis ntawm lub suab nrov yog 2.72 V sin wave.

Cov duab:

Daim duab 4 PROTEUS Circuit

Daim duab 5 Nce qib

Daim duab 6 Cov theem fais fab

Daim duab 7 Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm nce qib 1 (Tau = 7)

Daim duab 8 Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm nce qib 2 (Tau = 6.92)

Daim duab 9 Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm nce qib 3 (Tau = 6.35)

Daim duab 10 Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm peb qib nce (Tag nrho nce = 308)

Daim duab 11 Tso tawm ntawm lub suab nrov nrov

Kauj Ruam 4: PCB LAYOUT

Lub Circuit Court pom hauv daim duab 4 tau ua tiav ntawm PCB.

Saum toj no yog qee qhov luv luv ntawm kev tsim software ntawm PCB

Cov duab:

Daim duab 12 PCB txheej txheem

Daim duab 13 PCB txheej txheem (pdf)

Daim duab 14 3D Saib (TOP SAIB)

Daim duab 15D 3D Saib (BOTTOM VIEW)

Daim duab 16 Kho vajtse (BOTTOM VIEW) Sab saum toj saib twb muaj nyob hauv thawj daim duab

Kauj Ruam 5: Xaus

Siv cov txiaj ntsig siab thiab cov tswv yim siab cuam tshuam ntawm cov channel luv zog MOSFETs, ib qho yooj yim Circuit Court tau tsim los muab kev tsav tsheb txaus rau lub tshuab ua suab nrov txog li 0.5 watt tso tawm.

Nws muab kev ua tau zoo uas ua tau raws cov qauv rau kev ua suab zoo. Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb suav nrog cov chaw nyob rau pej xeem, kev ua yeeb yam thiab kev hais kwv txhiaj lub suab txhawb lub zog thiab cov tshuab hauv tsev xws li lub tso suab lossis lub tsev ua yeeb yam.

Cov twj siv hluav taws xob suav nrog cov tshuab ntaus suab paj nruag thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tseem siv cov suab nrov.

Kauj Ruam 6: Ua Tsaug Tshwj Xeeb

Kuv tshwj xeeb ua tsaug rau cov phooj ywg uas tau pab kuv kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj haujlwm no.

Kuv vam tias koj nyiam qhov kev qhia no. Txog kev pab, kuv yuav nyiam yog tias koj tawm tswv yim.

Nyob zoo. Pom koj:)

Tahir Ul Haq, Ua.

EE DEPT, UET

Lahore, Pakistan