Diri - Lub Hnub Qub Ua Haujlwm Helium: 6 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:30

Hauv Cov Lus Qhia no kuv yuav taug kev koj los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim lub zais pa helium uas muaj ntawv tso cai uas teev cov chaw. Saib cov yees duab:

Lub zais pa thiab lub casing yog tus kheej tsim, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob suav nrog arduino pro mini, peb lub cav nrog cov khoom siv, ultra-sonic sensors rau teeb meem nrhiav pom, gyroscope rau kev ruaj ntseg thiab GoPro lub koob yees duab kom thaij duab/yeeb yaj kiab.

Cov no yog cov kauj ruam:

1. Tau txais cov ntaub ntawv

2. Tsim lub zais pa

3. Ua ib rooj plaub rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab muab nws tso rau hauv lub zais pa

4. Ntxiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob

5. Txoj cai!

6. Qee qhov kev cov nyom thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov zais pa helium

Cov lus qhia no yog ua raws txoj haujlwm tshawb fawb los ntawm Diana Nowacka (https://openlab.ncl.ac.uk/people/diana/ - [email protected]) thiab David Kirk (https://openlab.ncl.ac.uk/tib neeg/ndk37/ - [email protected]) - tshaj tawm ntawm Ubicomp lub rooj sib tham 2015 (https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2750858.2805825&coll=DL&dl=ACM). Ua tsaug tshwj xeeb rau Nils Hammerla (https://openlab.ncl.ac.uk/people/nnh25/ - [email protected]) rau nws txoj kev pab.

Xav email rau peb yog tias koj muaj lus nug lossis tswv yim!

Kauj ruam 1: Cov ntaub ntawv

Cov khoom siv rau lub zais pa

2 x Mylar pam (tshawb rau "mylar cawm pam", yuav tsum yooj yim mus nrhiav thiab tsuas yog tus nqi ob peb phaus)

1 x Mylar ballon

Cov cuab yeej

1 x Cov plaub hau ncaj (tsawg kawg 200 ° C)

Rau Casing

2 x Balsa ntoo strips

lub tshuab txiav laser lossis lub taub hau tawv taub hau

1 ntoo dowel ntawm ca. 50cm ntev (txuas cov motors)

Qee cov kua nplaum, Kuv nyiam Epoxy

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob

Arduino pro mini (tuaj yeem yog nano zoo li kuv twv lossis qee yam me me sib npaug)

2 x H-Bridges

3 x lub cev muaj zog nrog cov khoom siv (los ntawm piv txwv me ntsis quadcopters)

GoPro Hero (hom phiaj muaj peev xwm WiFi)

Gyro + Accelerometer - ITG3200/ADXL345 (Kuv tau txais qhov no:

3 x Ultrasonic sensors - Ultrasonic Range Finder - LV -MaxSonar -EZ0 (qhov no zoo

Kauj Ruam 2: Ua Lub Pob Zeb

Ua lub zais pa

Nyob ntawm seb ntau npaum li cas cov khoom koj xav muab rau lub zais pa, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xaiv qhov loj ntawm lub zais pa. Raws li cov zais pa ntau dua li 90 cm (~ 30 nyob rau hauv.) Nyuaj rau tau txais, Kuv txiav txim siab ua kuv tus kheej tawm ntawm Mylar. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv qhov twg los xij uas koj xav tau, tab sis kuv xav tias lub zais pa kheej kheej yuav tig tau yooj yim dua. Lub zais pa ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm 130 cm tuaj yeem nqa ncig 360 g.

NB Npas Npas helium tuaj yeem nqa tau ntau npaum li cas nyob ntawm koj qhov chaw siab tshaj (qib hiav txwv), vim tias kev nqa lub peev xwm ntawm helium nyob ntawm nws tus kheej qhov ntom thiab qhov ntom ntawm huab cua.

Yuav ua li cas:

Nqa ob daim pam ntawm Mylar thiab txiav lub voj voog ntawm 130 cm (~ 51 in.) Tawm ntawm txhua tus.

Cua sov li cov mylar ua rau nws tawg taus thiab nyias. Yog li ntawd peb yuav siv qhov ntxiv, tuab mylar los ntawm ib qho mylar zais pa rau ciam teb.

Txiav tawm cov kab me me, ib puag ncig 5 cm x 10 cm (2 nti x 4 ntiv) tawm ntawm koj lub zais pa Mylar tuab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, lawv yuav tsum dav me ntsis dua li koj cov hlau ncaj.

Muab ob lub voj voos tso rau saum ib leeg, qhwv cov tuab tuab ib ncig ntawm ciam teb thiab nias lawv ua ke nrog cov plaub hau ncaj. Feem ntau, tom qab 5 vib nas this Mylar yaj. Kuv kaw cov plaub hau ncaj nrog cov roj hmab thiab cia nws nyob hauv lub xeev no li 30-60 vib nas this. Txoj hauv kev no koj tuaj yeem ntseeg tau zoo, tias Mylar yaj tag thiab tsis muaj qhov khoob. Txaus siab rau cov txheej txheem no rau tag nrho ib puag ncig ntawm lub zais pa (qhov no yuav siv sijhawm kwv yees li ib txhis), sib nrug los ntawm ib ntu, qhov uas koj yuav tsum tso qhov sib txawv kom muaj peev xwm ntim tau lub zais pa. Raws li koj tsis xav kom muaj qhov qhib qhib rau lub zais pa, koj yuav tsum siv qhib lub hnab ntawv mylar tuab, uas muaj ib txoj hauv kev qhib uas yooj yim tso cai rau sau.

Tam sim no koj tau ua tiav nrog koj lub hnab ntawv!

Qhov tom kawg uas ntxim yuav yog lub casing. Cov ntaub ntawv pom zoo tshaj plaws yog ntoo balsa, vim nws qhov hnyav.

Kauj Ruam 3: Ua Case

Balsa ntoo yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau lub casing, vim nws zoo nkaus li zoo nkauj thiab yog lub teeb heev! Qhov ntawd los nrog ib qho tsis zoo txawm hais tias, nws tsis muaj zog heev. Kuv tswj hwm kom tsis txhob ua txhaum ntau zaus, nws zoo nkauj heev, nws tsuas yog xav tau kev ceev faj me ntsis. Txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los tuav balsa yog txiav nws nrog tawv taub hau.

Tsuas yog muaj tswv yim thiab pom yam koj nyiam! Kuv sim nrog ntau yam duab sib txawv, thiab cov nyob hinges zoo heev (saib https://www.instructables.com/id/Laser-cut-enclosu… tsuav koj tuaj yeem tso txhua yam rau sab hauv thiab muab lub dowel rau lub cav.

Kuv txiav txim siab khoov cov ntoo ntoo balsa mus rau ib qho arc. Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov ntawd los ntawm kev noj lub tais loj puag ncig ntawm cov dej tshiab thiab maj mam khoov kab txaij sab hauv. Yog tias koj muab cov khoom hnyav zoo li lub khob tso rau saum thiab tso nws li 1-2 teev hauv dej balsa yuav tsum khoov kom zoo. ib zaug nws khoov, coj nws tawm thiab cia nws qhuav (Thov txim uas kuv tsis muaj cov duab ntawm qhov ntawd, tej zaum kuv yuav tub nkeeg dhau lawm). Txiav ob lub voj voog ib nrab ntawm cov ntoo balsa rau sab.

Koj tuaj yeem tsuas yog muab cov kua nplaum rau hauv rooj plaub nrog Epoxy. Xyuas kom cov motors tig mus rau pem hauv ntej, txoj kev ntawd lawv yog cov muaj zog tshaj plaws. Txog rau lub zog nce/nqis, ua ob lub qhov me me nyob hauv qab ntawm lub npov, txuas lub cev muaj zog rau ob lub dowels thiab tso lawv hla lub qhov. Ntxiv lwm lub phaj thiab tso rau hauv qhov ntawd ib yam ua rau nws ruaj khov dua (saib daim duab nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob).

Kauj Ruam 4: Electonics

Cheebtsam

Kuv xav tias nws yuav txias kom muaj lub zais pa uas thaij duab thiab vis dis aus. Kuv kuj xav tau qee qhov teeb meem pom thiab ua kom ruaj khov.

Yog li kuv tau ntxiv peb lub ultra sonic sensors (1); ob qho txhawm rau txheeb xyuas txhua yam ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab sab xis thiab ib qho los ntsuas qhov deb mus rau qab nthab. Kuv tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev cuam tshuam (txawm hais tias nws tau hais nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv, tom qab ntawv koj yuav tsum tau siv cov hlua txuas saib https://www.maxbotix.com/documents/LV-MaxSonar-EZ_Datasheet.pdf Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov sensors yuav tsum tau taw qhia kom txaus sib nrug, lub cones yuav tsum tsis txhob sib tshooj raws li lub suab los ntawm cov sensors ua cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg.

Lub gyrsocope (2) tswj kev txav chaw tom qab tig. Ib qho tseem ceeb yog (tsis zoo li qhia hauv Daim Duab uas txhua yam tsuas yog pov rau hauv lub casing), uas koj tau xaiv ib lub axis (hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej nws yog Z) thiab kho kom nws ntau li ntau tau yog li nws zoo ib yam rau hauv av. Yog li kev sib hloov ntawm lub zais pa yuav ua rau lub ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas hloov pauv ntawm Z-tus nqi nkaus xwb. Pom tseeb koj tuaj yeem siv qee qhov lej ua piv txwv, tab sis qhov no ua haujlwm zoo rau kuv. Kuv nyuam qhuav daig lub sensor mus rau lub rooj ntoo ntoo balsa thiab qhov ntawd twb txaus los ua kom nws ua haujlwm.

GoPro (3) zoo heev rau kev pib ua duab nyob deb thiab thaum kawg H-Bridges (L293D) rau lub cav+khoom siv (4). H-Choj cov kab hluav taws xob yuav tsum txuas ncaj qha rau lub roj teeb, tsis txhob hla lub arduino vim tias lub tshuab ua kom nrov nrov! Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau kev nyeem ntawv los ntawm cov ntsuas tsis siv. Tab sis nco ntsoov txuas hauv av ntawm H-Txuas mus rau arduino txawm hais tias. Tsis tas li ntawd, H-Bridges yuav tsum txuas nrog PMW Pins kom ua haujlwm tau zoo.

Yog tias koj muaj lub siab tawv koj tuaj yeem nqa Mini-USB cable sib nrug thiab ntxiv GoPro hla lub USB txuas rau koj lub Circuit Court los ntawm kev txuas + rau VCC ntawm koj lub adruino thiab hauv av. Txoj kev ntawd koj tuaj yeem tshem lub roj teeb ntawm GoPro thiab koj txuag tau qee qhov hnyav! Qhov no yuav ua rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsawg dua. Raws li lub zais pa tsis xav tau lub roj teeb hluav taws xob kom nyob hauv huab cua, lub roj teeb (3.7 V, 1000mAh yog qhov zoo) kav ntev txog 2h nrog qee zaum thaij duab. Weirdly tib lub roj teeb los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv sib txawv, yog li sim kom tau txais ib qho nrog ntau npaum li mAh tau tab sis uas tseem yog qhov hnyav tshaj.

Txuas (Cheeb Tsam -> Arduino)

Ultrasonic Sensors

Fais fab+Hauv av -> Arduino VCC thiab Hauv av

BW -> A0, A1, A3 (tsis nco qab vim li cas kuv hla A2, tej zaum tsis muaj laj thawj)

Gyro+Accelerometer

Fais fab+Hauv av -> Arduino VCC thiab Hauv av

SDA (Pin hla GND) -> Arduino SDA (A4)

SCL (Pin dua SDA) -> Arduino SCL (A5)

H-Choj

Pin 4, 5, 12, 13 -> Arduino GND

Pin 1, 8, 9, 16 -> Arduino RAW

Pin 2 -> Arduino Pin 11

Pin 3 -> Tsav 1.a

Pin 6 -> Tsav 1.b

Pin 7 -> Arduino Pin 10

(tib yam mus rau lwm H-Choj nrog Tsav 2+3)

Tom ntej no cov cai!

Kauj ruam 5: Programming

Quick Walkthrough

Teem caij

Pib txhua tus lej PIN thiab cov cim ntsuas

LOOP

• Ua ntej, yog lub zais pa tsis txav mus ib ntus, nws ua rau lub zog txav mus tom ntej (tsis muaj kev txav yog qhov tho txawv),

  randommove = 1, yuav txheeb xyuas qhov kawg ntawm lub voj

• Tom qab ntawv xyuas seb qhov siab puas tseem zoo (KeepHeight ()) thiab muaj peev xwm nce lossis nqis, Kuv teeb nws mus rau 1m hauv qab qab nthab
• Yog tias muaj qee yam ze dua 150cm tshaj nws yog ib qho teeb meem uas yuav tsum zam, yog li pib tig
• yog tias ob lub ntsuas pom pom ib yam dab tsi nyob rau ntawm xub ntiag, lub zais pa yuav tsum tig rov qab
• tom qab tig, kom tsis txhob txav mus los, tiv thaiv lub cav nrog lub cav kom ua raws thiab tsis tig ntxiv lawm
• Thaum kawg ua qhov txav mus los tom ntej thiab siv Gyro kom ncaj thaum ya mus rau 5 vib nas this

Kuv paub tseeb tias muaj ntau txoj hauv kev kom ua tiav cov no, yog tias koj muaj lus qhia thov qhia rau kuv paub!

Kauj Ruam 6: Cov Lus Cim Kawg

Muaj ob peb yam uas koj xav paub txog balloons helium, ntawm no yog

Cov teeb meem thaum ua haujlwm nrog HELIUM BALLOONS

Txawm hais tias kuv hlub kuv Diris, cov balloons helium nyob deb ntawm qhov zoo tag nrho. Thawj qhov kev sib tw yog kom tau txais lub zais pa uas muaj qhov loj me los txhawb nqa txhua qhov khoom. Lub ntim ntawm lub zais pa txiav txim siab ntau npaum li cas helium nws tuaj yeem tuav tau, uas yog sib piv rau lub zog nce. Qhov no tseem ceeb txwv kev xaiv cov khoom. Kev txwv loj tshaj yog lub roj teeb; qhov sib zog nws yog, qhov luv nws yuav nyob ntev. Txhawm rau kom muaj peev xwm nqa tsawg kawg ntawm lub microcontroller, roj teeb thiab qee lub cav, lub zais pa helium xav tau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus txoj kab uas hla ntawm 90cm.

Qhov thib ob, cov zais pa uas muaj cov helium nkag siab zoo rau huab cua ntws thiab hloov pauv kub hauv chav. Raws li cov balloons helium ib txwm drift (piv txwv li tsis muaj txoj hauv kev yuav tsum tau ua tiav tas li), lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo los ntawm cov pa cua thiab cov cua ntsawj ntshab. Kuv tsis muaj kev paub zoo nrog siv kuv lub zais pa hauv chav cua txias.

Qhov thib peb, vim tias kev tshem lub zais pa helium muaj qhov hloov pauv qhov inertia los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kiv cua los tsim lub zog, ob peb feeb dhau los ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev txav chaw thiab qhov hloov pauv ntawm txoj haujlwm. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub zais pa tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau sab nrauv uas zoo thiab nws kuj tseem nyuaj heev kom zam dhau cov teeb meem sai.

Thaum kawg, txij li helium yog qhov hnyav dua li huab cua nws khiav qeeb los ntawm txhua yam kev ua kom zoo. Raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua lub zais pa yuav tsum tau rov ua dua tshiab txhua hnub lossis txhua txhua hnub nyob ntawm seb huab cua pov thawj qhov casing. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem nyuaj heev los sau lub zais pa nrog qhov tsim nyog ntawm helium kom ua kom nws ntab tag nrho, piv txwv li tsis poob lossis nce hauv qhov siab. Nws raug nquahu kom sau lub zais pa kom nws lub teeb dhau thiab sib npaug nws nrog qhov hnyav ntxiv, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm tau yooj yim dua.