Ua SMD PCBs Nyob Hauv Tsev (Txoj Kev Photoresist): 12 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:30

Ua PCBs hauv tsev yog tej zaum yog ib qho txuj ci tuag, vim ntau thiab ntau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam PCB yuav luam tawm koj lub rooj tsav xwm hauv Circuit Court thiab kom lawv xa mus rau koj lub tsev rau tus nqi tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, paub yuav ua li cas thiaj ua tau PCBs tseem yuav ua pov thawj muaj txiaj ntsig thaum tsim qauv lossis hloov pauv qhov kev puas tsuaj uas yuav siv sijhawm ntau lub lis piam mus rau nkoj. Tsis tas li, cov txuj ci xav tau los txhawm rau txhawm rau PCB tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kos ntau lwm cov ntaub ntawv nrog tsim qauv.

Hauv cov lus qhia no kuv yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhawm rau ib lub rooj tsavxwm ib sab, siv daim npog qhov ncauj thiab muab tshuaj txhuam qee yam SMD los ua lub rooj tsavxwm rau qee qhov WS2812B RGB LEDs.

Kauj Ruam 1: Cov Ntaub Ntawv:

Nov yog cov npe ntawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv koj yuav xav tau rau etch thiab nthuav koj lub rooj tsav xwm hauv Circuit Court.

• Tooj tooj liab clad board*
• Cawv
• Acetone
• Yas tais
• Etchant **
• Pawg thawj coj saib xyuas
• Inkjet los yog Laserjet cov ntawv tshab
• Tweezer teeb
• Qhov chaw nres tsheb Soldering nrog rab phom cua kub (rau SMD)
• Photoresist
• Dej ntws
• Desoldering braid
• Solder Muab tshuaj txhuam
• Daim npog qhov ncauj

*Cov iav fiber ntau tooj liab clad boards tau poob siab vim lawv tuaj yeem txiav me ntsis nyuaj.

** Kuv siv 2: 1 Hydrogen Peroxide thiab HCl tov, ntawm 3% thiab 30% feem.

Kauj Ruam 2: Tsim Koj Li Circuit Court

Muaj ntau txoj haujlwm muaj los tsim koj li Circuit Court. Qhov kuv siv tshaj plaws yog Dav dawb hau, uas yuav tsis zoo li qee qhov PCB software muaj, tab sis nws yog dawb thiab siv tau yooj yim. Nws tso cai rau koj los tsim cov laug cam txog li ob txheej. Tsis ntev los no Eagle tau yuav los ntawm Autodesk, yog li nws yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig ntau ntxiv hauv kev tshaj lij yav tom ntej.

Yog tias koj tsis paub nrog PCB tsim kuv hais qhia koj saib lwm cov ntawv qhia, kuj tseem muaj cov kev qhia zoo hauv youtube, zoo li ib qho los ntawm Jeremy Blum.

Hauv daim duab koj tuaj yeem pom lub voj voog zoo li cas thaum nws ua tiav. Hauv qhov no, qhov Circuit no yuav raug siv los ntsuas qee qhov WS2812B LEDs.

Kuv tau txuas Eagle cov ntaub ntawv hauv qhov xwm txheej koj xav khaws lossis hloov kho Circuit Court.

Kauj Ruam 3: Tshaj Tawm Qhov Tseeb PCB Tsis Zoo

Tu siab, Dav dawb hau tsis muaj kev xaiv los hloov cov xim ntawm Circuit Court ua ntej luam tawm, yog li yuav tsum muaj qee cov kauj ruam ntxiv.

Thaum koj tau ua tiav koj lub voj voog, xaiv cov cim, cov ntaub qhwv thiab lwm yam khoom uas koj xav kom muab ntxig, tom qab ntawd xa nws tawm hauv cov ntawv PDF. Ua tib yam rau cov ntaub qhwv nkaus xwb, qhov no yuav siv los nthuav tawm rau daim npog ntsej muag.

Dav dawb hau tso tawm PDF ntawm 600dpi daws teeb meem, uas feem ntau yog tib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawm koj lub tshuab luam ntawv, yog li tsis tas yuav hloov kho qhov loj me.

Txhawm rau hloov cov xim ntawm cov ntawv PDF Kuv siv Gimp. Kuv qhib cov ntaub ntawv nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm 600dpi* thiab rov ua dua cov xim los ntawm kev xaiv lub Circuit Court thiab siv cov cuab yeej hloov pauv. Kuv kuj tau muab cov ntaub qhwv ib sab los luam nws tag nrho.

Kuv tau txuas cov ntawv PDF hauv cov ntaub ntawv koj xav luam tawm Circuit no, tsis tas yuav hloov qhov loj me.

* Lus ceeb toom: Teeb ib qho kev daws teeb meem hauv kev kho software lwm yam tshaj 600dpi yuav ua rau muaj qhov hloov pauv me me thaum luam ntawv uas yuav nyuaj rau kho. Tsis tas li, nco ntsoov tias koj lub xov tooj tau tsom iav kom nws tuaj yeem ntxeev, nrog lub toner lossis tus lej nias rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm.

Kauj Ruam 4: Npaj Cov Pob Zeb

Tom qab ua kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho cov khoom haum zoo nyob rau hauv Circuit Court ntawm daim ntawv, lub Circuit Court thiab cov ntaub qhwv tau luam tawm mus rau qhov pom tseeb.

Heev feem ntau, ib lub pob tshab tsis txaus, qee qhov yuav tshwm tuaj uas yuav tso lub teeb pom kev hla mus, tawm thaj chaw uas peb tsis xav tau. Nws tuaj yeem yog qhov teeb meem loj uas tau kho tau yooj yim los ntawm kev teeb tsa lwm qhov pob tshab rau saum.

Cov pob tshab yog glued nrog epoxy thiab kab thiab cov epoxy yog sab laug los kho. Muab cov pob tshab tso rau hauv ib lub tiaj tiaj yog lub tswv yim zoo, kom lub pob tshab zoo ib yam nkaus thaum epoxy kho tau. Qhov ntau tshaj yog txiav ua ntej mus rau kauj ruam tom ntej.

Kauj Ruam 5: Npaj Pawg Thawj Coj

Cov tooj liab clad board tau qhab nia ntawm ob sab thiab tawg rau qhov loj me. Nws tseem tau ntxuav nrog lub ncoo ntsuas thiab qee cov xab npum kom tawm ntawm qhov ci thiab huv. Cawv kuj tuaj yeem siv los ntxuav cov seem uas seem.

Xyuas kom tsis muaj plua plav lossis cov ntiv tes nyob ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, vim tias cov seem yuav txiav txim siab ua tiav ntawm cov kauj ruam tom ntej.

Kauj Ruam 6: Khaws Daim Duab Photoresist

Txiav ib daim me me ntawm zaj duab xis photoresist. Cov yeeb yaj kiab tau tsim los ntawm peb txheej, yas rau sab saum toj thiab hauv qab thiab cov duab photoresist chemichal nyuaj nyob hauv nruab nrab. Txhawm rau cais cov yeeb yaj kiab Kuv muab ob daim muag ntawm daim ntawv tso rau ntawm ntug thiab tom qab ntawd rub sib nrug, zaj duab xis meej yuav tawm thiab yuav muab pov tseg, cov nplaum nplaum (ib qho uas nthuav tawm cov duab ci) lo rau ntawm lub rooj yooj yim yam tsis muaj cua npuas.

Txhawm rau txhawm rau lo zaj duab xis rau lub rooj tsavxwm qee qhov cua sov yuav tsum tau siv. Hloov laminator feem ntau yog txoj hauv kev nyiam, tab sis cov hlau lossis lub qhov cub hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau. Hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej, kuv siv lub qhov cub hluav taws xob hauv kuv chav ua noj. Ib daim ntawv tau siv nyob nruab nrab los tiv thaiv zaj duab xis yas los ntawm cua sov ntau dhau.

Kauj Ruam 7: Tshaj Tawm Tus Kws Tshaj Lij

Lub pob tshab ua rau tus kws kho qhov muag nrog kev pab ntawm cov dej tso. Tom qab ntawd nws raug rau lub teeb UV.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus number case lossis toner ntawm lub pob tshab yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub rooj tsavxwm, txwv tsis pub lub teeb tuaj yeem tuaj yeem sib tsoo ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab pawg thawj coj saib thiab ua rau qee qhov tsis xws luag.

Lub sij hawm raug yuav nyob ntawm qhov muaj zog ntawm koj qhov chaw UV. Hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej, 30 vib nas this hauv kuv lub tsev PCB nthuav tawm yog txaus. Nyob rau hauv ib qho CFL lub teeb pom kev li ob peb feeb yuav xav tau.

Kauj Ruam 8: Tshem Tawm Cov Duab Tsis Pom Zoo

Thaum PCB tau nthuav tawm qhov kev tshem tawm raug tshem tawm thiab zaj duab xis yas uas tuav tus kws kho qhov muag raug tev tawm. Tus kws kho qhov muag yuav tau tawv thiab yuav raug daig rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm.

Unexposed photoresist raug tshem tawm hauv kev daws ntawm 1% Sodium Carbonate*. Yuav tsum tau txhuam kom sai sai rau thaj chaw uas tsis pom. Cov tooj liab tooj liab yuav tsum pom tom qab ua tiav qhov no.

Thaum qhov no tau ua tiav, pawg thawj coj tau nthuav tawm UV lub teeb dua kom ua kom tawv tawv photoresist thiab npaj nws rau kev kos.

*Sodium Carbonate tseem hu ua Ntxhua Khaub Ncaws. Yog tias koj tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau Sodium Carbonate koj tuaj yeem ua qee qhov cua sov Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda) hauv qhov cub ntawm 200ºC rau ob peb teev.

Kauj ruam 9: Etching lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib

Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib tau muab tso rau hauv kev daws ntawm 2: 1 Hydrogen Peroxide thiab HCl (Muriatic Acid), nws feem ntau siv sijhawm li 10 feeb. Tom qab ntawd, tus kws kho qhov muag raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tso lub rooj tsavxwm hauv acetone kom txog thaum nws tawm mus.

Cov npoo ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm thaum kawg muab txiav thiab xuab zeb. Tom qab lub rooj tsavxwm tau raug teeb tsa, kev tshuaj xyuas txuas ntxiv tau ua tiav kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj cov kab hluav taws xob luv.

Kauj Ruam 10: Thov Daim Npog Qhov Muag

Lub ntsej muag loj ntawm daim npog ntsej muag tau siv nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm pawg thawj coj. Lub pob tshab tau nyam rau sab saum toj thiab lub npog ntsej muag lub ntsej muag raug nyem sib npaug. Cov txheej txheem tib yam li ua ntej tau siv los nthuav tawm PCB. Lub npog ntsej muag uas tsis tau pom dua tau muab tshem tawm nrog cov kais dej thiab txhuam.

Hauv qee kis, daim npog qhov ncauj tuaj yeem ua rau lub pob tshab, yog li ib daim ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab polypropylene tau sib xyaw ua ke ntawm. Ntxuav lub rooj tsavxwm nrog cawv thiab daim ntawv so tes yuav ua rau nws ci heev.

Kev thov daim npog qhov ncauj tuaj yeem yog qhov nyuaj me ntsis, raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, qee qhov me me tau tev tawm, tab sis qhov ntawd siv tau.

Kauj Ruam 11: Soldering Cheebtsam

Me ntsis ntawm cov kua nplaum muab tshuaj txhuam tau siv rau txhua lub ncoo. Cov khoom SMD tau muab tso rau ntawm cov ntaub qhwv. Tsis txhob txhawj xeeb yog tias nws zoo li tsis meej pem, tom qab siv cua sov qhov nro ntawm cov yaj phom yaj yuav rub cov khoom ncaj. Daim npog qhov ncauj yuav tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob lo rau lwm qhov ntxiv tab sis cov ntaub qhwv.

Cov khoom sib xyaw ua kom sov nrog rab phom cua sov ntawm qhov kub ntawm 300ºC rau ob peb feeb kom txog thaum cov tshuaj txhuam tau yaj. Nws yog tom qab tso cai kom txias txias qeeb rau ob peb feeb. Lwm txoj hauv kev yuav raug siv (rov ua dua, phaj kub …).

Qee tus pin lub taub hau tau muab muag rau hauv Circuit Court ua ntej kuaj nws ntawm lub khob cij.

Kauj Ruam 12: Xeem cov LEDs

Ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim Arduino nrog lub tsev qiv ntawv FastLED tau siv los tswj cov LEDs. Qhov zoo tshaj ntawm WS2812B LEDs yog tias lawv tsis xav tau cov tiv thaiv, vim tias muaj IC sab hauv uas tswj hwm qhov tam sim no. Ib qho array kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsav nrog ib qho nkaus xwb.

Pawg tswj hwm kev xeem me me no tau ua tiav tiav thiab nws yog lub sijhawm los ua haujlwm nrog cov haujlwm loj dua.

Yog tias koj nyiam txoj haujlwm no thiab xav pom cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxiv txog qee yam ntawm cov ncauj lus tham hauv no, thov nyiam cov lus qhia no thiab txiav txim siab muab nws pov npav rau kev sib tw LED.

Tsaug rau saib!