ECG Circuit (PSpice, LabVIEW, Breadboard): 3 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:29

Nco tseg: Qhov no TSIS YOG khoom siv kho mob. Qhov no yog rau lub hom phiaj kev kawm tsuas yog siv cov cim ntsuas. Yog tias siv qhov kev ntsuas no rau kev ntsuas ECG tiag tiag, thov xyuas kom lub Circuit Court thiab Circuit-to-instrument txuas tau siv cov txheej txheem cais tawm kom raug

Cov lus qhia no yog ib txoj hauv kev coj los sim sim, tsim, thiab ntsuas lub voj voog uas siv rau hauv, lim, thiab ua kom nrov dua ECG cov cim. Koj yuav xav tau kev paub yooj yim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ob peb lub twj paj nruag los ua kom tiav tag nrho cov lus qhia no.

Electrocardiography (ECG lossis EKG) yog qhov kev mob tsis mob, tsis kuaj pom uas sau cov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv thiab siv los ua kom pom kev zoo ntawm lub xeev ntawm tus neeg mob lub plawv. Txhawm rau ua tiav kev ntsuas ECG nyeem ntawv, kev tawm dag zog lub plawv yuav tsum tau ua kom nrov dua (ntsuas lub tshuab ua kom nrov) thiab lim (thais thiab qis lim qis). Cov khoom no tau tsim los ntawm lub cev thiab ntawm qhov kev sim hauv Circuit Court. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias txhua qhov tiv thaiv tau ua kom raug lossis lim lub teeb liab, AC tuaj yeem ua tiav siv PSpice thiab sim ua. Tom qab ua tiav kev ntsuas txhua tus neeg ib tus zuj zus, lub plawv tuaj yeem nkag mus los ntawm kev ua tiav Circuit Court suav nrog cov cuab yeej ntsuas qhov ntsuas, ntsuas qhov siab, thiab lim qis. Tom qab, tib neeg lub teeb liab ECG tuaj yeem nkag los ntawm ECG thiab LabVIEW. Ob qhov kev sim ua qauv thiab tib neeg lub plawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los ntawm LabVIEW txhawm rau suav cov neeg ntaus ib feeb (BPM) ntawm cov lus tawm tswv yim. Zuag qhia tag nrho, kev tawm tswv yim lub plawv thiab tib neeg lub teeb liab yuav tsum muaj peev xwm ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab lim, ua piv txwv ECG siv cov txuj ci hluav taws xob los tsim, hloov kho, thiab ntsuas lub ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas, ntsuas qhov ntsuas, thiab qis dhau lim Circuit.

Kauj ruam 1: Simulate Circuit hauv Computer

Koj tuaj yeem siv cov software twg los xij koj muaj muaj los sim qhov Circuit peb yuav tsim. Kuv siv PSpice yog li kuv yuav piav qhia cov ntsiab lus rau tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tiv thaiv (resistors, capacitors, thiab lwm yam.).

Xam tivthaiv qhov tseem ceeb:

1. Ua ntej tshaj yog txiav txim siab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas (saib daim duab). Cov txiaj ntsig hauv daim duab tau txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov xav tau nce ntawm 1000. Uas txhais tau tias txawm li cas los xij qhov hluav taws xob tawm tswv yim koj muab ib feem ntawm Circuit Court yuav 'ua kom nrov' qhov no los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig nce. Piv txwv li yog tias koj muab 1V raws li kuv tau ua cov zis yuav tsum yog 1000V. Muaj ob ntu rau qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas, yog li qhov nce tau sib faib ntawm lawv tau sau tseg ua K1 thiab K2. Saib cov duab suav nrog, peb xav kom cov txiaj ntsig tau nyob ze (yog vim li cas qhov sib npaug 2 hauv daim duab), sib npaug 2 thiab 3 hauv daim duab tau pom nrog kev tsom xam nodal, thiab tom qab ntawd tus nqi tiv thaiv tuaj yeem suav tau (saib daim duab).
2. Tus tiv thaiv qhov tseem ceeb rau lub ntsej muag lim tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev teeb tsa qhov ua tau zoo, Q, txog 8 thiab vim qhov tseeb peb paub peb muaj ntau ntawm 0.022uF capacitors muaj, tom qab ntawd peb txav mus rau tom ntej hauv kev suav nrog siv ob qhov xwm txheej no. Saib daim duab nrog kab zauv 5 - 10 los xam cov txiaj ntsig. Los yog siv R1 = 753.575Ω, R2 = 192195Ω, R3 = 750.643Ω, uas yog qhov peb tau ua!
3. Cov lim qis dhau yog tshem tawm cov suab nrov saum toj no qee zaus uas peb pom hauv online uas rau ECG yog qhov zoo los siv kev txiav tawm ib ntus rau, ntawm 250 Hz. Los ntawm qhov zaus thiab qhov sib npaug 11-15 (kos daim duab) suav qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas rau koj qhov lim qis. Kho R3 raws li qhib Circuit Court thiab R4 ua luv Circuit Court kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm K = 1. Peb suav R1 = 15, 300 ohms, R2 = 25, 600 ohms, C1 = 0.022 uF, C2 = 0.047 uF.

Qhib thiab Tsim ntawm PSpice:

Nrog rau tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig no, Pib PSpice - Qhib 'OrCAD Capture CIS', yog tias qhov tshwm sim rau Cadence Project Choices qhib qhib 'Allegro PCB Tsim CIS L', qhib cov ntaub ntawv -> txoj haujlwm tshiab, ntaus lub npe ntse rau nws, xaiv tsim qhov project siv analog lossis sib xyaw A/D, xaiv 'tsim qhov project tsis muaj dab tsi', saib daim duab rau cov ntaub ntawv koom nrog ntawm koj txoj haujlwm, hauv txhua nplooj ntawv yog qhov uas koj yuav suav sau cov khoom siv (resistors, capacitors, thiab lwm yam) los tsim ib feem ntawm koj Circuit koj xav tau. Ntawm txhua nplooj ntawv koj yuav nyem rau ntawm ib feem hauv lub cuab yeej bar nyob rau sab saum toj thiab nyem ib feem los qhib cov npe ntawm ntu uas yog qhov uas koj tshawb nrhiav cov neeg tiv thaiv, lub tshuab hluav taws xob, lub zog ua haujlwm, thiab lub zog siv. Tsis tas li hauv Qhov Chaw tso koj yuav pom hauv av thiab xaim uas koj yuav xav siv. Tam sim no tsim txhua ntawm koj nplooj ntawv raws li pom hauv cov duab suav nrog siv qhov txiaj ntsig koj tau suav.

Khiav AC Sweeps kom ntseeg tau tias kev lim dej thiab ua kom nrov tau tshwm sim zoo li koj xav tau

Kuv ntxiv ob daim duab rau qhov simulation ntawm cov no. Daim ntawv ceeb toom ceeb toom ntawm 60 Hz thiab lim tawm qhov ua haujlwm siab. Nco tseg cov kab xim thiab sau cov kab lus kab lus, Kuv kuj tau khiav tag nrho cov kab ke ua ke yog li koj yuav tsum tau txais lub tswv yim ntawm yam koj yuav tsum tau cia siab!

Txog qhov cheb xaiv PSpice, nyem PSpice, Tshiab Simulation Profile, hloov mus rau AC Sweep thiab teeb tsa qhov xav tau ntau zaus rau kev pib, nres, thiab nce tus nqi. Hauv qab PSpice cov ntawv qhia zaub mov Kuv tseem xaiv cov cim, nce qib, thiab xaiv qhov hluav taws xob dB thiab muab tus cim rau ntawm qhov uas kuv xav ntsuas qhov tso tawm qhov no pab tom qab yog li koj tsis tas yuav ua tus kheej ntxiv ib qho kev hloov pauv. Tom qab ntawv mus rau pob rau PSpice cov ntawv qhia zaub mov dua thiab xaiv Khiav lossis tsuas yog nias F11. Thaum lub tshuab qhib qhib, yog tias xav tau: nyem kab, ntxiv kab, thiab tom qab ntawd xaiv cov kab lus tsim nyog xws li V (U6: OUT) yog tias koj xav ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm tus pin OUT ntawm opamp U6.

Cov Khoom Siv Ua Ntej: Siv uA741 rau tag nrho peb qho ntawm lub tshuab ua kom nrov nrov thiab sau tseg cov suab nrov hauv cov duab tau hais los raws li lawv daim ntawv cim npe (U4, U5, U6). Khiav koj AC cheb ntawm PSpice los laij cov lus teb ntawm Circuit nrog ib qho kev tawm tswv yim kom lub zog tso tawm yuav tsum sib npaug rau qhov nce (1000) hauv qhov no.

Notch Lim: Siv ib qho hluav taws xob AC lub zog siv raws li pom hauv daim duab thiab lub tshuab ua haujlwm ua haujlwm uA741 thiab xyuas kom muaj zog txhua qhov op amp koj siv (siv nrog 15V DC). Khiav AC cheb, Kuv pom zoo 30 txog 100 Hz los ntawm 10 Hz nce ntxiv kom ntseeg tau tias qhov thais ntawm 60 Hz uas yuav lim tawm cov teeb liab hluav taws xob.

Tsawg Lim Lim: Siv uA741 lub tshuab ua haujlwm zoo (saib daim duab raws li peb li tau sau npe U1), thiab muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib zaug rau AC. Fais lub op amps nrog DC 15 volts thiab ntsuas qhov tso tawm rau AC cheb ntawm tus pin 6 ntawm U1 uas txuas nrog cov xaim pom hauv daim duab. AC cheb yog siv los laij cov lus teb ntawm lub Circuit Court thiab nrog ib qhov hluav taws xob koj tau teeb tsa, qhov hluav taws xob yuav tsum sib npaug rau qhov nce-1.

Kauj Ruam 2: Tsim Lub Cev Lub Cev ntawm Breadboard

Qhov no tuaj yeem nyuaj tab sis kuv ntseeg tag nrho hauv koj! Siv cov txiaj ntsig thiab cov lej uas koj tau tsim thiab sim (koj vam tias paub tias lawv ua haujlwm ua tsaug rau lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob) los tsim qhov no ntawm lub khob cij. Nco ntsoov tsuas yog siv lub zog (1 Vp-p los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm) mus rau qhov pib tsis yog nyob rau txhua theem yog tias ntsuas tag nrho cov Circuit Court, rau kev ntsuas tag nrho cov kab hluav taws xob txuas txhua ntu (ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas kom qis qis), nco ntsoov muab V+ thiab V- (15V) rau txhua qhov op amp, thiab koj tuaj yeem ntsuas tus kheej theem los ntawm kev ntsuas cov zis ntawm qhov sib txawv sib txawv nrog oscilloscope kom paub tseeb tias yam zoo li nws lim tau ua haujlwm. Koj tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab ua lub plawv ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ua haujlwm thaum koj ntsuas tag nrho cov Circuit Court ua ke thiab tom qab ntawd koj yuav pom QRS qhov kev yoj raws li xav tau. Nrog kev ntxhov siab me ntsis thiab tsis tu ncua koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tsim lub cev no!

Peb kuj tseem ntxiv cov pab pawg sib txuas ntawm 0.1uF ua ke rau op amp hwj chim tsis muaj duab hauv PSpice.

Nov yog qee cov lus qhia thaum tsim cov khoom sib xyaw:

Txog qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas, yog tias koj muaj teeb meem nrhiav qhov chaw ntawm qhov ua yuam kev, txheeb xyuas txhua tus neeg tso tawm ntawm peb qhov op-amps. Ib qho ntxiv, xyuas kom koj tau muab lub zog siv hluav taws xob thiab tawm tswv yim kom raug. Lub hwj chim yuav tsum txuas nrog tus pin 4 thiab 7, thiab qhov hluav taws xob nkag thiab tso tawm rau tus pin 3 ntawm thawj theem op-amps.

Txog rau lub lim dej lim, qee qhov kev hloov pauv mus rau qhov ntsuas tus nqi yuav tsum tau ua txhawm rau kom tau txais lub tshuab lim kom lim tawm ntawm qhov zaus ntawm 60 Hz. Yog tias qhov kev lim dej tshwm sim siab dua 60 Hz, nce ib qho ntawm cov tiv thaiv (peb hloov kho 2) yuav pab coj cov lim lim qis (rov qab nce ntxiv).

Rau qhov lim qis dhau, kom ntseeg tau qhov yooj yim resistor qhov tseem ceeb (resistors koj twb muaj) yuav txo qhov yuam kev ntau!

Kauj Ruam 3: LabVIEW txhawm rau Plot ECG Waveform thiab Xeem Lub Plawv Tus Nqi (Ntaus Ib Leeg)

Ntawm LabVIEW koj yuav tsim daim duab thaiv thiab tus neeg siv sib cuam tshuam uas yog ib feem uas yuav tso saib ECG cov qauv ntawm kab duab raws li lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub sijhawm thiab tso saib tus lej lub plawv dhia. Kuv txuas ib daim duab ntawm dab tsi los tsim ntawm labVIEW koj tuaj yeem siv kab tshawb nrhiav kom pom cov khoom xav tau. Ua siab ntev nrog qhov no thiab koj tseem tuaj yeem siv qhov kev pab los nyeem txog txhua daim.

Nco ntsoov siv DAQ lub cev los txuas koj lub xov tooj cua mus rau lub khoos phis tawj. Ntawm DAQ tus pab hloov koj qhov piv txwv mus tas li thiab 4k.

Nov yog qee cov lus qhia ntawm kev tsim daim duab:

• DAQ Tus pab cuam txuas tau tawm los ntawm "cov ntaub ntawv" thiab "nres".
• DAQ Tus Pabcuam rau "kev hloov pauv hauv" ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus.
• Txoj cai nyem, tsim, thiab xaiv tas li rau tus lej pom hauv daim duab.
• Txoj cai nyem, xaiv yam khoom, dt, qhov no yog hloov t0 rau dt
• Peak nrhiav tau muaj kev sib txuas ntawm "teeb liab hauv", "qhov pib", thiab "dav"
• Txuas mus rau "array" thiab qhov txuas mus rau "index"
• Nco ntsoov lub cev DAQ pawg thawj coj tus lej (piv txwv li analog 8) yog tus pin koj xaiv hauv DAQ Assistant (saib daim duab)

Cov vis dis aus suav nrog 'IMG_9875.mov' yog ntawm lub khoos phis tawj qhia pom VI Cov neeg siv sib cuam tshuam ntawm LabVIEW tso tawm qhov hloov pauv ECG yoj thiab ntaus ib feeb raws li kev nkag (mloog raws li nws tau tshaj tawm qhov hloov pauv mus rau).

Ntsuas koj tus qauv tsim los ntawm kev xa 1Hz zaus nkag thiab nws muaj cov qauv zoo huv si (saib daim duab los sib piv rau) tab sis koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm nyeem 60 ntaus ib feeb!

Dab tsi koj tau ua kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los nyeem tib neeg ECG teeb liab tsuas yog rau kev lom zem vim qhov no tsis yog khoom siv kho mob. Koj tseem yuav tsum tau ceev faj txawm hais tias tam sim no muab rau tus tsim. Txuas cov nplaim hluav taws xob: zoo rau pob taws sab laug, tsis zoo rau lub dab teg sab xis, thiab txuas hauv av rau pob taws sab xis. Khiav koj qhov labVIEW thiab koj yuav tsum pom cov duab yoj tshwm ntawm daim duab thiab cov neeg ntaus ib feeb kuj tshwm nyob rau hauv lub thawv digital.