Yooj Yim Hnab Tes Nthuav Tester: 4 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:29

Ob peb lub lis piam dhau los, kuv pib paub, nws yog qhov kev rau siab ntau kuv yuav tsum tau ua, txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas qhov txuas txuas txuas mus ib txhis … Txiav cov xov hlau, cov kab tawg yog cov teeb meem loj, thaum txhua lub sijhawm xav tau rub tawm ntau lub 'meter' ntawm lub npov, qhib nws, hloov mus rau "diode" hom … Yog li, kuv txiav txim siab los tsim ib qho ntawm kuv tus kheej, hauv txoj hauv kev yooj yim heev, uas yuav siv kuv 2-3 teev los ua nws.

Yog li, Cia peb tsim nws!

Kauj Ruam 1: Qhov Chaw thiab Cov Ntsuas

I. Tag nrho cov npe ntawm ib feem, qee qhov ntawm lawv yog nyob ntawm yeem, vim tsis xav tau kev ua haujlwm (Zoo li qhov qhib/tawm qhov taw qhia LED). Tab sis nws zoo li zoo, yog li nws tau pom zoo kom ntxiv nws.

A. Kev Sib Koom Ua Ke:

• 1 x LM358 Kev Ua Haujlwm Ua Haujlwm Amplifier
• 1 x LM555 Timer Circuit

B. Cov neeg tiv taus:

• 1 x 10KOhm Trimmer (Pob me me)
• 2x10 kwm
• 1x22k hmo
• 2x1 kwm
• 1x220 hmo

C. Cov Capacitors:

• 1 x 0.1uF Ceramic
• 1 x 100uF Tantalum

D. Lwm Cheeb Tsam:

• 1 x HSMS-2B2E Schottky Diode (Yuav siv tau ib qho diode nrog qhov poob qis me me)
• 1 x 2N2222A - NPN lub teeb liab me me transistor
• 1 x LED xim xiav - (Pob me me)
• 1 x Buzzer

E. Neeg kho tshuab thiab cuam tshuam:

• 2 x 1.5V npib-cell roj teeb
• 1 x 2 Tiv tauj dav hlau-thaiv
• 1 x SPST Push-putton
• 1 x SPST Toggle hloov
• 2 x Hu xov tooj
• 2 x Endpoint pob qhov rooj

II. Ntsuas:

1. Soldering Hlau
2. Ua kom pom tseeb cov ntaub ntawv
3. Kub-kua nplaum phom
4. standard gauge xov hlau
5. Soldering tin
6. Fais Ntsia Hlau

Kauj Ruam 2: Schematics thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm

Txhawm rau ua kom yooj yim nkag siab txog kev ua haujlwm hauv Circuit Court, schematics tau muab faib ua peb ntu. Txhua qhov kev piav qhia sib haum rau kev ua haujlwm sib cais.

A. Sib piv theem thiab piav qhia lub tswv yim:

Txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas cov hlau txuas mus ntxiv, yuav tsum tau muab cov hluav taws xob txuas mus, yog li qhov ruaj khov tam sim no yuav ntws los ntawm xaim. Yog tias cov xaim tawg, tsis muaj qhov txuas ntxiv mus, yog li tam sim no yuav sib npaug xoom (cov ntaub ntawv txiav tawm). Lub tswv yim ntawm Circuit uas tau qhia hauv kab lus, yog ua raws qhov ntsuas qhov sib piv ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab qhov hluav taws xob poob ntawm cov hlau nyob hauv kev sim (Peb tus neeg xyuas pib).

Ob lub cuab yeej siv cov xov hluav taws xob txuas nrog lub davhlau ya nyob twg, vim nws yooj yim dua los hloov cov hlua. Cov ntsiab lus txuas tau sau lo lus "A" thiab "B" hauv kab lus, qhov twg "A" piv rau net thiab "B" txuas nrog rau hauv Circuit Court hauv av. Raws li pom hauv cov duab, thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm "A" thiab "B", qhov poob hluav taws xob yuav tshwm sim ntawm "A" -cov cov khoom sib cais, yog li ntawd Voltage ntawm "A" ua ntau dua li ntawm "B" yog li tus sib piv yuav tsim 0V ntawm cov zis. Thaum cov xaim ntsuas tau luv, "A" qhov hluav taws xob dhau 0V thiab cov sib piv yuav tsim 3V (VCC) ntawm qhov tso tawm.

Kev siv hluav taws xob:

Txij li tus neeg xyuas kab mob tuaj yeem yog txhua yam: PCB kab, kab hluav taws xob, cov xov hlau tsis tu ncua, thiab lwm yam. Yuav tsum tau txwv qhov siab tshaj qhov hluav taws xob poob ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib, hauv qhov xwm txheej peb tsis xav kom ci cov khoom uas tam sim no ntws los ntawm lawv hauv Circuit (Yog tias 12V roj teeb tau siv los ua lub zog, 12V poob rau FPGA ib feem yog qhov txaus ntshai heev). Schottky diode D1 rub-up los ntawm 10K resistor, tswj qhov hluav taws xob tas li ~ 0.5V, qhov siab tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem muaj nyob ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib. Thaum tus neeg xyuas pib luv V [A] = 0V, thaum cuam tshuam, V [A] = V [D1] = 0.5V. R2 faib qhov poob qhov hluav taws xob. 10K Trimmer tau muab tso rau ntawm tus lej sib piv tus pin zoo - V [+], txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tiv thaiv kev txwv uas yuav yuam kom sib piv chav rau tsav '1' ntawm nws qhov tso tawm. LM358 op-amp yog siv los sib piv hauv qhov Circuit no. Nruab nrab ntawm "A" thiab "B" SPST laub-khawm SW2 tau muab tso, txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm (yog tias nws ua haujlwm txhua).

B: Cov teeb liab tso zis:

Circuit muaj ob lub xeev uas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab: "luv-Circuit" lossis "cut-off". Yog li, kev sib piv cov txiaj ntsig tau siv los ua lub teeb liab rau 1KHz square wave generator. LM555 IC (muaj nyob rau hauv pob me 8-tus pin), yog siv los muab cov nthwv dej ntawd, qhov sib piv cov txiaj ntsig tau txuas nrog RESET tus pin ntawm LM555 (piv txwv li nti pab tau). Cov neeg tiv taus thiab tus nqi hluav taws xob hloov kho rau 1KHz square yoj zis, raws li cov khoom lag luam pom zoo (saib daim ntawv qhia). LM555 cov zis tau txuas nrog NPN transistor siv los hloov, ua buzzer muab lub teeb liab raws qhov tsim nyog, txhua lub sijhawm thaum "luv Circuit Court" tam sim no ntawm "A"-"B" cov ntsiab lus.

C. Lub hwj chim:

Txhawm rau ua kom cov cuab yeej me me li sai tau, ob lub 1.5V npib-cell roj teeb txuas hauv koob tau siv. Nruab nrab ntawm lub roj teeb thiab VCC nqa ntawm lub Circuit Court (Saib cov duab qhia), muaj SPST rau/tawm toggle hloov. Tantalum 100uF capacitor yog siv los tswj hwm ib feem.

Kauj Ruam 3: Soldering thiab Assembly

Cov kauj ruam los ua ke tau muab faib ua 2 ntu tseem ceeb, ua ntej piav qhia txog kev siv lub rooj tsavxwm tseem ceeb nrog txhua yam khoom siv sab hauv, thiab qhov thib ob nthuav dav txog kev sib txuas nrog txhua lub khoom siv sab nrauv yuav tsum muaj tam sim no - LED qhib/tawm qhov ntsuas, qhib/tawm toggle, buzzer, 2 lub tswb sojntsuam cov xov hlau thiab cov cuab yeej kos lub laub.

Ntu 1: Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob:

Raws li pom hauv thawj daim duab hauv daim ntawv, lub hom phiaj yog ua kom pawg thawj coj saib me me li sai tau. Yog li, txhua tus ICs, cov neeg tawm tsam, lub tshuab hluav taws xob, lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lub davhlau ya nyob twg tau muab tso rau hauv qhov ze ze, raws li lub thawv loj (Nyob ntawm qhov loj me ntawm lub thawv uas koj yuav xaiv). Nco ntsoov, lub davhlau ya nyob twg thaiv kev taw qhia OUT ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, kom nws muaj peev xwm rub cov xov hlau sojntsuam ruaj khov los ntawm lub cuab yeej.

Ntu 2: Kev Sib Tham thiab Cov Ntaub Ntawv:

Cov khoom siv sib cuam tshuam yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov cheeb tsam tsim nyog ntawm tus ciam teb ntawm daim thaiv, yog li nws tuaj yeem txuas tau ntawm lawv thiab lub rooj tsav xwm tseem ceeb. Txhawm rau ua kom lub zog tswj tau los ntawm kev hloov pauv, cov xov txuas sib txuas ntawm lub toggle hloov pauv thiab Circuit/npib-npib roj teeb tau muab tso rau sab nraud ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Txhawm rau tso cov khoom ib puag ncig, zoo li lub toggle hloov thiab lub davhlau ya nyob twg thaiv cov tswv yim, qhov uas nws nyob, nws tau laum nrog cov taub loj me ntsis, thaum cov duab plaub fab tau txiav nrog cov ntawv ntse. Rau buzzer, laub khawm thiab LED, txij li lawv tuaj nrog cov duab puag ncig, cov txheej txheem drilling tau yooj yim dua, tsuas yog nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj kab uas hla tho qhov. Thaum tag nrho cov khoom siv sab nraud raug tso, yuav tsum tau txuas lawv nrog cov tuab, ntau txoj kab sib txuas, txhawm rau ua kom cov cuab yeej sib txuas muaj zog dua. Saib cov duab 2.2 thiab 2.3, yuav ua li cas cov cuab yeej ua tiav saib tom qab txheej txheem sib dhos. Rau cov nyiaj npib-cell 1.5V roj teeb, Kuv tau yuav cov yas me me los ntawm eBay, nws tau muab tso rau hauv qab ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm tseem ceeb, thiab txuas nrog lub toggle hloov pauv raws li cov lus piav qhia kauj ruam.

Kauj ruam 4: Xeem

Tam sim no, thaum lub cuab yeej npaj siv, kauj ruam kawg yog ntsuas lub xeev, uas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ua "luv Circuit Court". Raws li nws tau piav qhia yav dhau los hauv cov txheej txheem qhia, trimmer lub hom phiaj txhawm rau txheeb xyuas tus nqi pib tsis kam, uas qis dua nws, lub xeev luv luv yuav muab los. Lub algorithm ntawm calibration yog qhov yooj yim thaum kev tiv thaiv pib tuaj yeem muab tau los ntawm txheej kev sib raug zoo:

1. V [+] = Rx*VCC / (Rx + Ry),
2. Ntsuas V [Diode]
3. V [-] = V [Diode] (Tam sim no ntws mus rau hauv op-amp yog tsis quav ntsej).
4. Rx*VCC> Rx*V [D] + Ry*V [D];

Rx> (Ry*V [D]) / (VCC - V [D])).

Nov yog qhov kev tiv thaiv yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov cuab yeej ntsuas tau teev tseg. Kuv ntsuas nws kom mus txog 1OHm thiab qis dua, yog li lub cuab yeej yuav qhia tus neeg siv ua "luv Circuit".

Vam tias koj yuav pom cov lus qhia no muaj txiaj ntsig.

Tsaug rau kev nyeem ntawv!