Cov txheej txheem:
- Kauj ruam 1: Rub tawm Blender
- Kauj ruam 2: Interface
- Kauj Ruam 3: Hauv paus - 1 - Mesh Objects
- Kauj ruam 4: Pib - 2 - Kho kom raug hom
- Kauj Ruam 5: Hom Hom Xim
- Kauj Ruam 6: Qhib Koj Lub Hom Phiaj
- Kauj Ruam 7: ASSIGNMENTS
Video: Blender Basics: 7 Kauj Ruam
2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:28
Nyob zoo txhua tus! Kuv tau los nrog cov lus qhia tshiab qhia txog qhov pib ntawm kev ua qauv dawb 3d software BLENDER 3D.
Zoo koj feem ntau yuav xav tias kuv tab tom tham txog cov tshuaj uas koj siv hauv koj chav ua noj, tab sis qhov no zoo dua. Nws ua rau koj xav thiab nthuav tawm koj lub tswv yim, thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog, "Nws yog DAWB!".
Ntau tus hobbyists thiab cov kws ua yeeb yam siv BLENDER 3D. Nws yog siv los ua cov duab, ua yeeb yaj kiab (yeeb yaj kiab luv luv), tshaj tawm, kho video, ua qauv, thiab lwm yam.
Muaj ntau ntau yam software xws li Autodesk MAYA, Autodesk 3DS MAX, Z Txhuam thiab Xinesmas 4D, tab sis Blender 3D yog software uas dawb thiab zoo tshaj thaum nws los txog rau "qeb" qeb.
Blender muaj ntau yam hloov pauv thiab kuv yuav siv version 2.71. Yog tias muaj ntau qhov ua ntej ntawm qhov kuv tab tom siv, thov siv qhov hloov tshiab kawg.
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm rab rau Mac, Windows thiab Linux.
NCO TSEG: Mus dhau tag nrho cov lus qhia ua ntej tso Blender.
Kauj ruam 1: Rub tawm Blender
Txhawm rau rub Blender koj yuav tsum mus rau Google thiab ntaus hauv "blender 3d". Nyem thawj qhov tshwm sim, uas yog "www.blender.org". Yuav muaj qhov txuas xiav nrog lub cim huab nyob ntawm ib sab ntawm lub vijtsam nrog tus lej version. Yog tias koj nyem nws, nws yuav coj koj mus rau nplooj ntawv uas nws qhia txog qhov rub tawm qhov chaw uas koj tuaj yeem xaiv hom OS twg uas koj siv, 32 ntsis lossis 64 ntsis thiab lwm yam.
Kauj ruam 2: Interface
Qhov chaw:
Ua ntej tshaj plaws koj yuav pom lub npov popup nthuav tawm tus lej lej, duab thiab koj cov haujlwm tsis ntev los no. Yog tias koj nyem qhov twg ntawm qhov screen lub thawv yuav ploj mus.
Ib feem ntawm qhov screen uas koj pom lub voos xwmfab hu ua 3d view.
Koj yuav pom lub voos xwmfab nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov screen. Qhov no yog cov khoom mesh.
Ntawm sab tes laug, koj yuav pom cov khoom pob tshab nrog daim duab peb sab dub nyob rau saum nws. Nov yog koj lub koob yees duab. Ntawm sab xis koj yuav pom ib yam khoom uas zoo li lub hnub, qhov no yog koj lub teeb.
Ib sab ntawm 3d pom (rau sab xis) koj yuav pom ntau qhov chaw thiab xaiv. Kuv yuav qhia qhov no rau koj thaum peb mus ntxiv. Saum toj no qhov kev teeb tsa thiab kev xaiv (kaum sab xis saum toj no cov cim) koj yuav pom qee yam xws li "muab txheej", "ntiaj teb", thiab lwm yam. Qhov no qhia koj tias yog dab tsi hauv koj qhov project (mesh khoom, lub koob yees duab, ntawv, teeb, thiab lwm yam).
Ntawm sab tes laug ntawm 3d pom koj muaj lub cuab yeej qhov chaw uas koj tuaj yeem nqa cov khoom mesh (tsim), hloov qhov chaw ntawm koj cov khoom mesh (hloov pauv), cov duab ua duab thiab ntau ntxiv …
Hauv qab 3d saib koj yuav pom ntau kab nrog tus lej hauv qab lawv. Nov yog lub sijhawm ncua sijhawm thiab nws tau siv rau kev ua yeeb yaj kiab.
Muaj cov khoom vaj huam sib luag, uas tuaj yeem nkag tau los ntawm nias N qhov tseem ceeb ntawm koj cov keyboard. Lub vaj huam sib luag no qhia koj qhov loj ntawm koj cov khoom mesh, qhov chaw nyob thiab ntau ntxiv.
MISC:
Blender muab "ntxhais" uas hloov xim ntawm koj lub chaw ua haujlwm.
Txhawm rau hloov xim, koj yuav tsum mus rau "file"-"user nyiam"-"themes"-"pre-sets" thiab xaiv cov ntsiab lus uas koj xav tau. Koj tseem tuaj yeem tsim koj tus kheej cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb. Kuv siv lub ntsiab lus "Elysiun"
Yog tias koj siv cov keyboard uas tsis muaj tus lej lej koj yuav tsum mus rau "file"-"user nyiam"-"input"-thiab ntawm sab laug tes koj yuav pom "emulate numpad". Muaj ntau ntxiv rau qhov no yog li kuv yuav ua lwm qhov qhia rau qhov no.
NAVIGATION:
Kuv siv iMac yog li kuv tuaj yeem taug kev txawm tias pom 3D siv kov-ncoo ntawm cov kua khawv koob nas.
MAC: TSO
Txhawm rau tig hauv kab rov tav yam hauv 3d pom, koj yuav tsum tau so los ntawm kab rov tav nrog ib tus ntiv tes.
Txhawm rau tig ib txoj hauv kev ntsug hauv qhov pom 3d, koj yuav tsum los so ib ntsug nrog ib tus ntiv tes.
Txhawm rau txav mus los nyob rau hauv 3d pom koj yuav tsum tuav SHIFT + swipe horizontally thiab vertically hauv koj lub kov-ncoo.
Txhawm rau ZOOM hauv koj yuav tsum tuav CONTROL thiab swipe FORWARD ntawm koj lub kov-ncoo. Txhawm rau ZOOM - Tawm koj yuav tsum los so rov qab thaum tuav CONTROL.
SAIB:
Muaj ntau hom kev pom zoo li:
SOLID
WIREFRAME
Cov ntaub ntawv
TEXTURE
REDED
NYOB BOX
Peb yuav tsom mus rau SOLID thiab RENDERED kev xav hauv cov lus qhia no.
Kev pom zoo yog koj li 3d qauv ua qauv pom. Qhov kev pom pom yog koj tus qauv ua tiav nrog cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab lwm yam. Txhawm rau hloov ntawm cov kev pom no koj yuav tsum mus rau lub vaj huam sib luag saum TIMELINE- nyem lub cim, uas yog ib sab ntawm lub cim-hloov lub cim (nws yuav yog lub voj voos nrog dawb ntawm ib sab thiab liab ib nrab)
Koj qhov kev pom 3D tau teeb tsa rau kev pom kev pom (lub neej ntawd). Txhawm rau hloov mus rau orthographic pom koj yuav tsum nias 5 ntawm koj tus lej-lej lossis tus lej 5 saum cov ntawv yog tias koj siv cov chaw "ua raws tus lej"
Kauj Ruam 3: Hauv paus - 1 - Mesh Objects
Cov khoom siv ntxaij yog lub voos xwmfab, lub khob hliav qab, lub tog raj kheej, kheej kheej, thiab lwm yam.
Hauv 3d pom koj yuav pom tias koj lub voos xwmfab muaj peb tus xub uas muaj xim sib txawv.
Xiav xub - z -axis
Liab xub - x -axis
Ntsuab xub - y -axis
Txhawm rau txav cov khoom mesh txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog xaiv qhov khoom los ntawm txhaj rau nws thiab ob qho tib si nyem thiab rub ntawm lub axis lossis nias tus yuam sij G thiab xaiv lub axis X, Y, Z. Qhov ntawd yog G+X lossis Y lossis Z. (G sawv rau kev tuav)
Txhawm rau tig cov khoom txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog xaiv lub cuab yeej nias R qhov tseem ceeb, xaiv lub axis uas koj xav tig nws thiab thaum kawg nkag mus rau lub kaum sab xis uas nws yuav tsum tau tig. Qhov ntawd yog R + X lossis Y lossis Z + Angle
QHIA MESH OBJECTS:
Txhawm rau hloov cov duab ntawm koj cov khoom koj tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv lossis txo qhov khoom hauv X, Y, thiab Z-axis.
Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov khoom tag nrho - S + qhov loj me (qhov ntsuas tsis raug yog 1. Yog tias koj teev qhov ntsuas rau 2, nws yuav yog ob npaug me me)
Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov khoom (X - axis) - S + X + loj.
Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov khoom (Y - axis) - S + Y + loj.
Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov khoom (Z - axis) - S + Z + loj.
DUPLICATING MESH OBJECTS:
Txhawm rau theej cov khoom (tsim daim ntawv theej ntawm nws) txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua yog nias SHIFT + D (D sawv rau theej tawm) + X lossis Y lossis Z lossis G (nias G kom yooj yim xwb)
CEEB TOOM:
Thaum kev theej tawm ntau qhov yuam kev tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Yog tias koj theej tawm ib qho khoom thiab koj tsis nco qab txav nws, nws yuav nyob qhov twg qhov khoom qub yog li rho tawm cov khoom sib dhos lossis rov ua dua (CONTROL + Z - UNDO, CONTROL + SHIFT + Z - REDO)
Txhawm rau nqa ntau cov khoom mesh:
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los nqa cov khoom mesh.
Ib txoj hauv kev yog mus rau lub cuab yeej bar nyem "tsim" thiab koj yuav pom cov npe ntawm cov khoom mesh. Yog tias koj nyem ib qho lawv yuav tshwm rau ntawm daim duab 3d saib saum daim phiaj.
Koj tseem tuaj yeem nyem SHIFT + A los nqa cov ntawv qhia zaub mov uas koj tuaj yeem xaiv hom mesh uas koj xav tau hauv koj qhov kev pom 3d.
Txhawm rau coj koj cov khoom rov qab mus rau lawv qhov chaw nyob, kev hloov pauv lossis qhov loj koj ua cov hauv qab no:
Qhov chaw - ALT+G.
Kev sib hloov - ALT+R
Loj - ALT+S.
Rho tawm cov khoom:
Xaiv qhov khoom thiab nias X qhov tseem ceeb.
NCO TSEG:
Thaum ua cov yuam sij kub (ntau dua li cov qauv lossis cov txheej txheem uas koj ua kom yooj yim dua, piv txwv li kub-yawm sij G + X lossis Y lossis Z qhov twg koj tuaj yeem tuav lub cuab yeej) nias tus yuam sij ib zaug tsis tuav tus yuam sij thiab ua nws.
Kauj ruam 4: Pib - 2 - Kho kom raug hom
Zoo, muaj ntau yam, uas koj tuaj yeem ua hauv, kho hom thiab kuv yuav qhia koj txog cov hauv paus thiab kuv yuav ua cov lus qhia cais ntawm tus so. Kho kom raug hom yog qhov uas koj pib ua qauv koj cov khoom los ntawm cov txheej txheej ntawm meshes.
Thawj:
Koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau kev hloov kho hom los ntawm kev ua cov hauv qab no:
Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub sijhawm koj yuav pom qhov kev xaiv hu ua "hom hom" yog tias koj nyem nws yuav coj lwm daim ntawv teev npe uas muaj ntau lwm yam kev sib txawv. Nyem "Kho kom raug hom", thaum koj nkag mus Kho hom ntau ntawm koj lub hom phiaj hom teeb tsa yuav tau hloov pauv. Koj lub voos xwmfab lossis lub ntsej muag yuav hais nyob rau hauv cov xim txiv kab ntxwv thiab muaj cov pob me ntawm ntug. Qhov no hu ua vertex (plural - vertices). Muaj peb hom, uas koj yuav ua haujlwm nrog:
Lub ntsej muag xaiv hom
Ntug xaiv hom
Vertex xaiv hom (default)
Koj tuaj yeem hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv no los ntawm nias CONTROL + TAB thiab xaiv hom twg lossis nqis qis dua lub sijhawm thiab koj yuav tuaj yeem nrhiav cov kev xaiv.
Hauv lub ntsej muag xaiv hom pob nyob ntawm ntug yuav ploj thiab yuav muaj cov dots ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm qhov khoom.
Hauv ntug xaiv hom pob yuav ploj mus thiab lub voos xwmfab cov npoo yuav tau hais qhia.
Xaiv:
Hauv vertex xaiv hom - nyem rau ntawm cov pob me.
Hauv ntug xaiv hom - nyem rau ntawm ntug kom raug xaiv.
Ntawm lub ntsej muag xaiv hom - nyem rau ntawm lub ntsej muag uas yuav tsum tau xaiv.
Yog tias koj nkag mus rau hom kev hloov pauv thiab xav tshem lub ntsej muag ntawm ib yam khoom, koj yuav tsum mus rau hauv lub ntsej muag xaiv hom, xaiv lub ntsej muag, nias X tus yuam sij thiab nws yuav nug koj yog tias koj xav rho tawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab lwm yam (koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua qhov no nyob rau hauv vertex lossis ntug hom tab sis koj yuav tsum xaiv sab ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab nws siv sijhawm ntau).
QAUV:
Kuv yuav qhia koj 2 qhov pib ntawm kev ua qauv:
Thauj khoom thiab ua qauv
Extruding thiab ua qauv
RAU GRAB:
Txhawm rau ua tus qauv txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua yog xaiv lub ntsej muag thiab rub nws (G + X lossis Y lossis Z). Cov ntxaij yuav nthuav nws tus kheej lossis ntsws nws tus kheej thaum koj rub. Qhov no yog tus qauv yooj yim heev ntawm rab.
YUAV TSUM:
Txhawm rau ua qauv tsis tu ncua txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog xaiv lub ntsej muag, ntug lossis lub ntsej muag thiab nias tus E qhov tseem ceeb, nyem sab laug kom ua tiav extruding. Txhawm rau tshem tawm extruding koj yuav tsum nyem lub pob nyem sab xis. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem tig qhov extruded (ua qhov no tom qab ua tiav extruding), R + X lossis Y lossis Z + lub kaum sab xis. Koj tseem tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov sib txuas los ntawm nias S + tus nqi lossis rub koj tus nas rau pem hauv ntej lossis rov qab (ua qhov no tom qab txuas ntxiv).
Kuv yuav muab qee qhov kev tawm dag zog rau koj ua qauv ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kev qhia.
Kauj Ruam 5: Hom Hom Xim
Dab tsi yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim tus qauv txaus hauv rab rab uas tsis muaj xim?
Muaj ob hom kev ua cav hauv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws uas peb siv.
1. CYCLES RENDER ENGINE
2. BLENDER RENDER ENGINE (lub neej ntawd)
Txhawm rau hloov nruab nrab ntawm ob lub tshuab no koj yuav tsum mus rau sab saum toj ntawm koj lub vijtsam saum toj no 3d saib, ze rau lub tshuab rab phom rau sab saum toj yuav muaj koj qhov chaw rau kev hloov lub cav. Kuv yuav siv lub voj voos kav lub cav rau txhua qhov kuv qhia ua kua. NCO TSEG: qhib koj lub voj voog ua cav ua ntej ua qauv. Tsis muaj dab tsi tshwm sim yog tias koj qhib nws tom qab tab sis cov khoom siv teeb tsa ntawm cov xim yuav hloov thiab koj yuav tau txais qhov txiaj ntsig sib txawv.
Xim:
Txhawm rau hloov cov xim ntawm ib yam khoom, koj yuav tsum mus rau lub cim vaj huam sib luag thiab xaiv lub cim uas yog ncig thiab uas yog tom qab daim duab peb sab cim nrog peb qhov siab.
Tom qab koj tau xaiv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tsim cov khoom tshiab.
Hauv qab kev faib: Nto txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua tam sim no yog hloov xim. (Nws yuav qhia RGB xim log)
Mus rau qhov pom pom thiab koj yuav pom tias koj lub hom phiaj muaj xim rau nws.
Kauj Ruam 6: Qhib Koj Lub Hom Phiaj
Yog li thaum koj tau thov xim rau cov khoom uas koj tau tsim, koj yuav tsum tso koj lub koob yees duab vim tias lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws tsuas yog ua raws li lub koob yees duab pom.
YUAV UA LI CAS KOOM TSEV KAWM NTAWV:
Txhawm rau pom dab tsi lub koob yees duab pom koj yuav tsum nias 0 ntawm koj tus lej-ncoo lossis rau cov neeg uas tsis muaj tus lej-ncoo yuav tsum nias 0 rau saum cov tsiaj ntawv.
Koj tuaj yeem tso lub koob yees duab los ntawm rub X, Y, Z-axis thiab tig nws los ntawm nias R + X lossis Y lossis Z + lub kaum sab xis.
Lwm txoj hauv kev tso lub koob yees duab yog mus rau qhov pom uas koj xav kom koj lub koob yees duab pom thiab nias CONTROL + ALT + 0.
Yog tias koj nyiam qhov pom ntawm cov khoom koj lub koob yees duab pom, nws yog lub sijhawm los ua haujlwm !!!
YUAV TSUM UA LI CAS:
Mus rau ntawm lub cim vaj huam sib luag qhov twg koj yuav pom lub cim, uas zoo li lub koob yees duab.
Teeb qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm daim duab (lub neej ntawd yog 1920 x 1080)
Teeb qhov piv txwv
Yog tias koj teeb tsa qhov ua kom nyiam 1080 lossis 2048 lossis siab dua koj tau txais cov duab HD. Teem qhov saib ua ntej rau 150 thiab ntaus lub cim ua haujlwm nyob rau sab saum toj ib sab ntawm cov duab thiab suab.
CEEB TOOM: tsis txhob cia lub teeb pom kev nyob ze rau ntawm qhov khoom txwv tsis pub koj yuav pom cov pob dawb ntawm qhov khoom hauv qhov kawg ua duab.
Koj yuav raug coj mus rau qhov kev pom tshiab uas cov duab tau muab, qhov kev pom no hu ua UV duab editor. Koj tuaj yeem txuag cov duab los ntawm txhaj "duab"- "txuag daim ntawv"- thiab xaiv daim nplaub tshev kom txuag nws hauv lossis ntaus F3 thiab xaiv daim nplaub tshev kom txuag nws hauv. ncua sij hawm thiab ze rau qhov pom kev xaiv. Txhawm rau rov qab mus rau 3d pom koj yuav tsum nyem lub cim, uas zoo li lub voos xwmfab.
Hloov xim tom qab:
Yog tias koj ua koj lub hom phiaj koj yuav pom tias cov xim tom qab yog xim xim grey. Txhawm rau hloov cov xim no txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua yog nyem lub cim uas zoo li thiab lub ntiaj teb hauv cov cim vaj huam sib luag, pab kom siv cov kev xaiv sib txawv thiab hloov xim rau txhua yam uas koj xav tau. Tom qab koj tau hloov xim, yog tias koj mus rau hauv qhov pom tom qab xim yuav raug hloov mus rau xim uas koj tau xaiv.
Kauj Ruam 7: ASSIGNMENTS
Tam sim no koj tau kawm cov hauv paus ntawm lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws Kuv yuav muab qee cov haujlwm me me rau koj, uas kuv yuav pab koj.
Txoj Haujlwm 1:
Kuv xav kom koj pleev xim lub voos xwmfab thiab ua rau nws.
Lub voos xwmfab xim - RED.
Kuv tau muab cov duab siv uas kuv tau tsim lub voos xwmfab nrog xim.
Txoj Haujlwm 2:
Kuv xav kom koj ntsuas lub voos xwmfab thiab ua rau nws.
Lub voos xwmfab loj - 2
Lub voos xwmfab loj (X axis) - 0.5
Lub voos xwmfab loj (Y axis) - 2
Lub voos xwmfab loj (Z axis) - 0.75
Lub voos xwmfab xim - GREEN
Kuv tau muab cov duab siv uas kuv tau tsim kho lub voos xwmfab.
Txoj Haujlwm 3:
Kuv xav kom koj tsim kho qhov ntxaij ntawm koj tus kheej xaiv thiab ua nws.
Mesh cov khoom loj - koj xaiv.
Mesh cov xim xim - koj xaiv.
Kuv tau muab qee cov duab siv uas koj tuaj yeem tau txais qee lub tswv yim tej zaum?
Txoj Haujlwm 4:
Raws li nws yog lub caij Christmas kuv xav kom koj tsim koj tus kheej cov ntoo Christmas tsob ntoo nyob saum lub dav hlau.
Cov lus qhia:
Tsob ntoo nplooj xim - GREEN
Tsob ntoo tawv xim - xim av
Dav hlau xim - RED
Ntiaj teb xim - DAWB
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntoo - 3 (txhua qhov sib txawv sib txawv)
Kuv tau muab cov duab siv uas kuv tau tsim kuv tus kheej tsob ntoo Christmas ntawm lub dav hlau.
HNUB:
TSHUAJ TIV THAIV
Nqa 3 lub khob hliav qab thiab khaws lawv rau saum lwm qhov. Koj YUAV TSUM MUAJ TSEV KAWM NTAWV YUAV TSUM MUAJ TSEEB RAU QHOV CHAW UA HAUJ LWM NTAWM TRERE INCREASES. (TEEB TREE ntawm lub phiaj xwm uas koj tau tsim)
Nqa cov CUBE SCALE nws nqis rau X thiab Y AXIS thiab ntsuas nws nce ntawm Z AXIS los tsim cov ntoo.
XAIV TXHUA XEEM NTAWV NTAWM TREE thiab DUPLICATE IT thiab SCALE IT UP lossis DOWN TO MAKE IT LOOK DIFFERENT FROM EACH LAWV.
ALIGN YOU CAMERA kom tau txais kev pom zoo ntawm TREES.
Koj tuaj yeem tshaj tawm koj cov duab ntawm lub npov lus hauv qab no. Koj tseem tuaj yeem tshaj tawm koj ua xyem xyav thiab tawm tswv yim ntawm lub npov lus hauv qab no lossis xa nws tuaj rau kuv ntawm cov lus ntiag tug (Txhawm rau xa cov lus ntiag tug rau tib neeg ntawm cov vev xaib qhia, koj yuav tsum mus rau tus neeg qhov profile thiab nyem "Cov lus ntiag tug").
Kuv yuav ua qhia ntau ntxiv ntawm Blender thiab Arduino.
Pom zoo:
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