Arduino CNC Plotter (TSHUAB TSHUAB): 10 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:27

Hav guys! Kuv vam tias koj twb nyiam kuv cov lus qhia yav dhau los "Yuav ua li cas ua rau koj tus kheej Arduino kev qhia ua haujlwm" thiab koj tau npaj rau qhov tshiab, raws li ib txwm kuv tau ua qhov kev qhia no los qhia koj ib qib zuj zus thaum ua qhov no zoo kawg nkaus tus nqi qis hauv cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob uas yog "CNC plotter tshuab" hu ua "CNC drawing" lossis "Arduino CNC machine" xwb. ^_^

Kuv pom ntau qhov kev qhia ntau ntxiv hauv lub vev xaib uas piav qhia yuav ua li cas CNC Plotter, tab sis nrog qhov tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv nws nyuaj me ntsis los ua lub tshuab zoo li no, yog vim li cas kuv thiaj txiav txim siab pib ua cov lus qhia no qhov twg kuv yuav qhia koj hauv cov ncauj lus kom yooj yim ua rau koj tus kheej lub tshuab nqus tsev.

Txoj haujlwm no yog qhov yooj yim los ua tshwj xeeb tom qab tau txais kev kho PCB uas peb tau xaj los ntawm JLCPCB

txhawm rau txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm peb lub tshuab thiab tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv txaus thiab cov lej hauv phau ntawv qhia no tso cai rau koj tsim koj lub tshuab yooj yim. Peb tau ua txoj haujlwm no tsuas yog 5 hnub nkaus xwb, tsuas yog peb hnub kom tau txais txhua yam uas xav tau thiab ua tiav cov cuab yeej tsim khoom thiab sib sau ua ke, tom qab ntawd 2 hnub los npaj cov cai thiab pib qee qhov kev hloov kho. Ua ntej pib cia saib ua ntej

Koj yuav kawm dab tsi los ntawm cov lus qhia no:

1. Ua qhov kev xaiv kho vajtse raug rau koj txoj haujlwm nyob ntawm nws txoj haujlwm
2. Npaj daim duab kab hluav taws xob txuas rau txhua qhov khoom siv uas tau xaiv
3. Sib sau ua ke txhua qhov haujlwm (sib dhos txhua yam thiab hluav taws xob)
4. Scaling ntawm lub tshuab tshuav nyiaj li cas
5. Pib manipulating lub system

Kauj Ruam 1: Dab Tsi Yog Lub Tshuab Plotter

Txij li thaum kuv tau ua cov lus qhia no rau cov pib, Kuv yuav tsum piav qhia ntxaws ua ntej dab tsi yog lub tshuab nqus tsev thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas!

Raws li nws tau hais tseg hauv wikipedia, CNC sawv rau Computer lej tswj hwm, lub tshuab uas yog lub khoos phis tawj tswj hwm uas tau txais cov lus qhia los ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj txuas xa los ntawm lub khoos phis tawj thiab txav nws cov actuators raws li tau txais cov lus qhia. Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuab no yog cov tshuab tsav lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas suav nrog stepper lub cev muaj zog hauv cov ntsiab lus axis.

Lwm lo lus los hais "axis", yog, txhua lub tshuab CNC muaj cov lej txhais uas yuav raug tswj los ntawm lub khoos phis tawj.

Hauv peb qhov xwm txheej CNC tus kws txiav txim plaub uas peb tau ua yog ob lub tshuab axis "cov ntsiab lus hauv daim duab 1" uas muaj lub cav me me nyob hauv nws txoj kab "stepper hauv daim duab 2" cov steppers no yuav txav lub tais nquag thiab ua rau nws txav mus rau hauv ob chav axis npaj los tsim cov duab kos siv tus cwj mem kos duab. Tus cwj mem yuav tuav thiab tso tawm siv lub cav thib peb hauv peb cov qauv uas yuav yog lub cav servo.

Kauj Ruam 2: Stepper Motor Yog Tus Ua Haujlwm Loj

Stepper motor lossis step motor lossis stepping motor yog brushless DC hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog uas faib kev sib hloov puv rau hauv cov lej sib npaug. Lub cav txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem raug txib kom txav thiab tuav ntawm ib qho ntawm cov kauj ruam no yam tsis muaj txoj haujlwm sensor rau kev tawm tswv yim (qhib lub voj tswj), tsuav yog lub cev ua tib zoo ua raws li qhov thov hauv kev sib zog thiab nrawm., los ntawm qhov twg kom tau txais lub tshuab hluav taws xob stepper rau peb txoj haujlwm, yooj yim zoo, tsuas yog lob tus qub DVD nyeem ntawv zoo li ib qho hauv daim duab 1 saum toj no, Kuv tau txais ob rau 2 daus las, dua li txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog muab nws tshem tawm. stepper lub cev muaj zog thiab nws cov kev txhawb nqa, raws li nws qhia hauv daim duab 3, peb yuav xav tau ob ntawm lawv.

Thaum koj tau txais koj lub cav los ntawm tus nyeem DVD, koj yuav tsum ua kom lawv npaj siv los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas lub cev muaj zog coils xaus. Txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob stepper muaj ob lub kauj thiab siv lub ntsuas cua koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov kauj xaus los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov tsis kam ntawm lub cav txuas txuas "raws li qhia daim duab 5" thiab rau txhua lub kauj nws yuav tsum yog txog 10Ohm ntsuas. Tom qab txheeb xyuas lub cav coils tsuas yog siv qee cov xov hlau los tswj lub cav los ntawm lawv "saib daim duab 6"

Kauj Ruam 3: Daim duab Circuit Court

Lub plawv ntawm peb lub tshuab yog arduino Nano Dev board uas yuav tswj kev txav ntawm txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm nyob ntawm qhov kev qhia tau txais los ntawm lub khoos phis tawj, txhawm rau tswj cov stepper motors peb xav tau stepper lub cev muaj zog tsav los tswj qhov nrawm thiab kev coj ntawm txhua tus actuator.

Hauv peb qhov xwm txheej peb yuav siv L293D H tus choj tsav tsheb "saib daim duab 3" uas yuav tau txais lub tshuab hais kom ua xa los ntawm arduino los ntawm nws cov tswv yim thiab tswj cov stepper motors siv nws cov txiaj ntsig.

txhawm rau txhawm rau txuas txhua qhov xav tau ua ke nrog peb Arduino pawg thawj coj Kuv tau ua daim duab kos duab uas qhia pom daim duab 1 qhov twg koj yuav tsum ua raws tib qhov txuas rau ob qho tib si stepper motors thiab servo motor.

Daim duab 2 piav qhia ntxaws los ntawm daim duab qhia chaw ntawm daim duab qhia chaw thiab nws yuav tsum yog kev sib txuas ntawm Arduino thiab lwm yam khoom siv, kom paub tseeb tias koj tuaj yeem hloov kho cov kev sib txuas no raws li koj xav tau.

Kauj Ruam 4: Kev Tsim PCB (Tsim los ntawm JLCPCB)

Txog JLCPCB

JLCPCB (Shenzhen JIALICHUANG Electronic Technology Development Co., Ltd.), yog lub tuam txhab PCB loj tshaj plaws hauv Suav teb thiab cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb hauv PCB sai sai thiab tsim PCB me me. Nrog ntau dua 10 xyoo ntawm kev paub hauv PCB tsim khoom, JLCPCB muaj ntau dua 200, 000 tus neeg siv khoom nyob hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, nrog ntau dua 8, 000 kev xaj online ntawm PCB tus qauv thiab muaj PCB ntau lawm ib hnub. Muaj peev xwm tsim khoom txhua xyoo yog 200, 000 sq.m. rau ntau yam ntawm 1-txheej, 2-txheej lossis ntau txheej PCBs. JLC yog cov kws tshaj lij PCB chaw tsim khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov nplai loj, cov cuab yeej zoo, kev tswj nruj thiab ua tau zoo dua.

Tham electronics

Tom qab ua daim duab hluav taws xob kuv hloov nws mus rau hauv PCB tsim los tsim nws "saib daim duab 5, 6, 7, 8", txhawm rau tsim cov PCB, Kuv tau xaiv JLCPCB cov khoom lag luam PCB zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws muab khoom PCB pheej yig tshaj los xaj kuv Circuit Court. nrog lawv txhim khu kev qha txhua yam uas kuv yuav tsum tau ua yog qee qhov nyem yooj yim kom rub cov ntaub ntawv gerber thiab teeb tsa qee qhov tsis xws li PCB tuab xim thiab ntau npaum li cas, tom qab ntawd kuv tau them tsuas yog 2 daus las kom tau txais kuv li PCB tom qab tsib hnub nkaus xwb. Raws li nws qhia "daim duab 1, 2, 3, 4" ntawm cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam.

Lwm yam ntaub ntawv rub tawm

Koj tuaj yeem tau txais Circuit (PDF) cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm no. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom hauv cov duab saum toj no PCB tau tsim tau zoo heev thiab kuv tau txais tib PCB kev tsim qauv uas peb tau ua rau peb lub rooj tsavxwm tseem ceeb thiab txhua daim ntawv lo thiab lub logo nyob ntawd los coj kuv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm soldering. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem rub tawm Gerber cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv Circuit no los ntawm no hauv qhov xwm txheej koj xav tso qhov kev txiav txim rau tib lub qauv tsim.

Kauj Ruam 5: Tsim Kev Txhawb Nqa Koj Lub Tshuab

Txhawm rau coj lub ntsej muag zoo dua rau peb lub tshuab kuv txiav txim siab tsim cov ntu peb ntu "saib daim duab 1" siv Solidworks software, cov ntu no yuav pab peb sib sau cov DVD nyeem ua ke, Kuv tau txais DXF cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntu no thiab nrog kev pab ntawm kuv cov phooj ywg hauv FabLab Tunisia Kuv tau txais cov khoom tsim tsim los siv CNC laser txiav tshuab, peb siv 5 hli MDF ntoo cov khoom kom tau txais cov khoom tsim no. Tsis tau lwm qhov tsim qauv uas yog tus tuav cwj mem kos duab, Kuv tau txais nws los ntawm txheej txheem luam ntawv 3D. Thiab koj tuaj yeem rub tawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab ntawv txuas hauv qab no.

Kauj Ruam 6: Cov khoom xyaw

Tam sim no cia rov tshuaj xyuas cov khoom tsim nyog uas peb xav tau rau txoj haujlwm no, Kuv tab tom siv Arduino Nano raws li tau hais los saum no, nws yuav yog lub plawv ntawm peb lub tshuab. Txoj haujlwm no tseem suav nrog ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob stepper nrog lawv tsav tsheb ICs thiab servo motor. Koj yuav pom nqes ib co lus pom zoo amazon txuas rau cov khoom tsim nyog

Txhawm rau tsim cov haujlwm zoo li no peb yuav xav tau:

• PCB uas peb tau xaj los ntawm JLCPCB
• Ib qho Arduino nano:
• 2 x L293D H tus tsav tsheb choj:
• 2 x IC ntsawb DIP 16 tus pin:
• 1 x IC socket DIP:
• SIL thiab Screw header txuas:
• 1 x servo motor SG90:
• 2 x DVD nyeem ntawv:
• Cov ntawv luam tawm 3D
• Laser txiav qhov chaw
• Qee qhov ntsia hlau rau kev sib dhos
• Tus cwj mem uas peb tau txais khoom plig los ntawm JLCPCB lossis lwm yam cwj mem kos duab

Kauj Ruam 7: Kev Sib Ntsib Hauv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Kev Xeem

Peb tam sim no txav mus rau qhov sib dhos ua ke ntawm txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Raws li ib txwm koj yuav pom nyob rau sab saum toj txheej txheej daim ntawv lo ntawm txhua qhov tivthaiv qhia nws qhov kev tso rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm thiab txoj hauv kev no koj yuav 100% paub tseeb tias koj yuav tsis ua ib qho yuam kev.

Ua qee qhov kev xeem

Tom qab siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob "saib daim duab 1", Kuv ntsia lub DVD nyeem ntawv rau X axis phaj thiab kuv tau ua tib yam rau lub rooj tsavxwm tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kuv tso lub cav hlau nyob hauv lawv lub taub hau ntswj kom ua qhov kev sim yooj yim siv lub tshuab tsav stepper. code "saib daim duab 2". Raws li koj pom tus stepper txav tau zoo thiab peb nyob ntawm txoj kev yog.

/********************************************************** ********************************************************** ****** ********************************************************** ****** ******************** - Sau: BELKHIR Mohamed** - Kev tshaj lij: (Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob) MEGA DAS tus tswv** - Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb: Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Lag Luam** - Copyright (c) tus tuav: Txhua txoj cai tseg** - Daim ntawv tso cai: BSD 2 -Daim ntawv tso cai** - Hnub tim: 2017-04-20*********************** ********************************************************** ****** ********************************************************** ****** ****************************************************** / ** ************************************* NCO TSEG **************** **********************/ // Rov faib dua tshiab thiab siv rau hauv qhov chaw thiab binary cov ntaub ntawv, nrog lossis tsis muaj // kev hloov kho, tau tso cai muab cov xwm txheej hauv qab no tau ua tiav:

// * Kev faib tawm tshiab ntawm qhov chaws yuav tsum khaws daim ntawv tshaj tawm txoj cai lij choj saum toj no, qhov no

// daim ntawv teev cov xwm txheej thiab cov tsis lees paub hauv qab no.

// * Kev faib tawm dua tshiab hauv daim ntawv binary yuav tsum rov tsim dua daim ntawv tshaj tawm txoj cai lij choj saum toj no, // daim ntawv teev cov xwm txheej no thiab cov lus tsis lees paub hauv qab no hauv cov ntaub ntawv // thiab/lossis lwm yam khoom siv nrog rau kev faib khoom.

// Cov software no tau muab los ntawm cov neeg tuav khoom thiab cov koom nrog "Raws li"

// THIAB XOV XWM LOSSIS YUAV TSUM MUAJ LUS QHIA, suav nrog, tab sis tsis txwv rau, // Tsis Txaus Siab Kev Ruaj Ntseg Ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Ua Haujlwm Rau Ib Leeg Lub Hom Phiaj Yog Tsis Tau Txais

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*/

#include // suav nrog cov stepper Motor librarie const int stepPerRotation = 20; // Cov naj npawb ntawm cov kauj ruam tig. Tus nqi rau CD/DVD // Qhia X axis stepper motor Pins Stepper myStepperX (stepPerRotation, 8, 9, 10, 11); teeb tsa tsis muaj dab tsi () {myStepperX.setSpeed (100); // Stepper lub cev muaj zog ceev myStepperX.step (100); ncua (1000); myStepperX.step (-100); ncua (1000); } void voj () {}

Kauj Ruam 8: Sib dhos ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Peb txuas ntxiv kev sib dhos ntawm peb cov qauv los ntawm kev ntswj lub cav thib ob rau lub Y axis plat "saib daim duab 1". Thaum npaj rau Y axis koj yuav muaj ob txoj hauv kev npaj los tsim txoj kab ke ob npaug uas peb tau tham txog nws hauv thawj kauj ruam "saib daim duab 2". txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog tso ob lub axis hauv 90 ° "saib daim duab 3".

Kev ua tus tuav tus cwj mem

Peb npaj tus tuav tus cwj mem los ntawm tso rab me me rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav los tuav lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D luam tawm thiab tom qab ntawd peb ntsia hlau lub tshuab servo rau nws qhov kev tso kawm "saib daim duab 4", tus tuav cwj mem tau npaj txhij yog li peb lo nws rau lub tsheb thauj khoom ntawm Y axis siv qee cov kua nplaum kub lossis lwm txoj hauv kev los ua kom nws muaj peev xwm swb ntawm Y axis ua raws cov kauj ruam tsav lub cav "saib daim duab 5", tom qab ntawd peb lo peb lub pluaj nquag rau lub tsheb ntawm X axis "saib daim duab 6", thiab peb ua tiav nrog cov ntsia hlau ntawm cov cav hlau txuas rau lawv cov khoom sib txuas ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Tom qab qee qhov kev npaj, peb muaj peb cov qauv siv tshuab npaj rau qhov ua haujlwm 'saib daim duab 7'.

Kauj Ruam 9: Software Tshooj

Tsiv mus rau ib feem ntawm software, peb yuav sib txuas peb lub software kom tig lub tshuab muaj sia, Kuv tau ua cov lus piav qhia luv hauv thawj daim duab, peb yuav tsim peb tsim siv Inkscape software uas tsim cov ntaub ntawv gcode xav tau rau peb lub tshuab thiab rau kom ntseeg tau kom nkag siab cov lus qhia gcode lub tshuab yuav tsum muaj nws tus lej uas peb yuav muab tso rau hauv siv Arduino IDE software, ntu kawg yog yuav ua li cas txuas lub tshuab tus lej rau cov ntaub ntawv gcode, qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev ua software.

Thawj kauj ruam yog xa cov arduino board scketch uas koj tuaj yeem rub tawm los ntawm qhov txuas hauv qab no thiab tsis txhob hnov qab hloov kho tus tsav tsheb tus pin raws li koj lub ntsej muag.

Nco tseg: yog tias koj siv tib lub tswv yim zoo ib yam li peb li ntawd txoj cai yuav ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab tsis tas yuav hloov dab tsi hauv nws.

Npaj Gcode 'Inkscape'

Tom qab ntawd peb tsiv mus rau Inkscape thiab peb kho qee qhov ntsuas 'pom daim duab 1' zoo li daim ntawv thav duab thiab chav nyob 'saib daim duab 2', peb npaj peb tus qauv tsim thiab txuag nws ntawm MakerBat unicon format 'saib daim duab 5, 6', yog tias hom ntawv no yog tsis muaj nyob ntawm koj li Inkscape version, koj tuaj yeem tso ib qho ntxiv rau nws, thaum koj nyem rau (txuag) lub qhov rai tshiab yuav tshwm rau Gcode cov ntaub ntawv tsis hloov kho, txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog ua raws qhov kev hloov pauv ib yam li peb thiab txhua yam yuav zoo tsuas yog ua raws 'daim duab 7, 8, 9' tom qab ntawd koj teeb tsa cov ntsuas no li no, thiab koj muaj koj li gCode ntawv.

Nco tseg: koj tsis tuaj yeem txuag Gcode cov ntaub ntawv raws li qhov xav tau yog tias koj siv Inkscape version siab dua version 0.48.5

Txuas lub tshuab mus rau Gcode cov ntaub ntawv 'Ua 3'

Tsiv mus ua software, nws yog me ntsis zoo li Arduino IDE 'pom daim duab 10' yog li koj yuav tsum qhib 'CNC program' cov ntaub ntawv Uas koj tuaj yeem rub tawm los ntawm qhov txuas hauv qab no thiab tsuas yog khiav nws 'saib daim duab 11', lub qhov rai thib ob yuav tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum nias qhov kawg p hauv koj cov keyboard kom xaiv COM chaw nres nkoj ntawm lub tshuab 'saib daim duab 12', thiab nias lub kawg g kom xaiv cov ntaub ntawv xav tau gcode, thaum koj xaiv nws lub tshuab yuav ncaj qha pib teeb duab.

Kauj Ruam 10: Kuaj thiab Tshawb Fawb

Thiab ntawm no peb yog lub sijhawm nyob ntawm no rau qee qhov kev sim, ib zaug rub tawm Gcode cov ntaub ntawv lub tshuab pib teeb duab thiab kuv yeej nyiam LED flickering uas qhia cov ntu uas xa mus rau txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob.

Cov qauv tsim tau ua tiav zoo heev, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom cov hais mav txoj haujlwm zoo kawg thiab yooj yim los ua ib yam, Tsis txhob hnov qab saib peb cov phiaj xwm yav dhau los uas yog "yuav ua li cas rau koj tus kheej arduino kev qhia ua haujlwm".

Ib qho kawg, nco ntsoov tias koj ua hluav taws xob txhua hnub

Nws yog BEE MB los ntawm MEGA DAS pom koj lub sijhawm tom ntej