Geek Spinner: 14 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:27

Fidget spinners yog kev lom zem, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom ib qho ntawm txhua qhov kev txheeb xyuas tawm rau tsuas yog ob peb npib nyiaj hnub no, tab sis yuav ua li cas yog tias koj tuaj yeem tsim koj tus kheej? Thiab nws puas muaj LEDs? Thiab koj tuaj yeem program nws los hais lossis qhia txhua yam koj xav tau? Yog tias lub suab ntawd txias txias, Qhov no yog txoj haujlwm rau koj.

Kuv ib txwm tau txaus siab siv ntsais muag LEDs kom tau txais menyuam yaus txaus siab rau lub cajmeem. Txoj haujlwm yooj yim tshaj plaws nrog Arduino microcontroller yog ntsais LED qhib thiab tawm. Tom qab ntawd koj tau txais lawv pom sai npaum li cas LED tuaj yeem ntsais muag ua ntej nws zoo li nws nyob tas li (kwv yees li 12 millisecond sib nrug). Tom qab ntawd koj co LED rov qab los thiab koj tuaj yeem pom nws ntsais muag dua! Qhov tshwm sim no hu ua "kev nyob ruaj khov ntawm lub zeem muag" (POV) thiab yog li cas txoj haujlwm no ua haujlwm. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau kev sib tham ntawm ob lub qhov muag ua haujlwm zoo li cas thiab khoos phis tawj nrawm npaum li cas.

Txoj haujlwm no siv qhov programmable 8-ntsis microcontroller, yim LEDs, thiab npib cell. Nws tig siv tus qauv skateboard coj los siv, thiab siv Hall-effect sensor thiab cov hlau nplaum los txiav txim siab kev sib hloov. Nws tau tsim los siv kev pib ua phooj ywg los ntawm qhov chaw thiab tuaj yeem tsim kho siv Arduino qhov chaw ua haujlwm ib puag ncig. Txaus tham, cia peb ua…

Kauj Ruam 1: Sau cov Khoom, Cov Cuab Yeej, thiab Cov Khoom Siv

Nws ib txwm ntxhov siab kom tau txais ib nrab txoj hauv kev los ntawm kev tsim thiab pom koj tsis muaj dab tsi. Cov no yog cov ntu kuv tau sim thiab pom tias ua haujlwm tau zoo. Hloov ntawm koj tus kheej txoj kev pheej hmoo:

Cov Nqi Ntawm Cov Khoom ===================================

• 1 ea, Ntshav PCB, tsim khoom hauv Asmeskas los ntawm OSH Park
• 1 ea, Attiny 84, Atmel ATTINY84A-PU,
• 1 ea, Tactile switch, TE 1825910-6,
• 1 ea, Swb Hloov SPDT Los Ntawm Qhov, C & K JS202011AQN,
• 1 ea, Tus tuav roj teeb, Linx BAT-HLD-001-THM,
• 8 ea, 3mm Liab LED 160 Mcd, Wurth 151031SS04000,
• 8 ea, 330 ohm 1/8W, Stackpole CF18JT330R,
• 1 ea, 0.1 uF cap, KEMET C320C104M5R5TA,
• 1 ea, Sib nqus sib nqus, Melexis MLX92231LUA-AAA-020-SP,
• 1 ea, 608 Cov Menyuam Skateboard,
• 1 ea, lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj hlau nplaum 2mm x 1mm,
• 2 ea, 3D luam ntawv lub kaus mom (STL cov ntawv txuas nrog).
• 1 ea, CR2032 roj teeb, Panasonic BSP lossis sib npaug,

Cov Cuab Yeej thiab Cov Khoom Siv: Rau kuv kev cob qhia, Kuv siv SparkFun Tus Pib Pib ToolKit uas muaj txhua yam koj xav tau tshwj tsis yog tus tweezers:

• Soldering hlau.
• SolderWire
• Flush-cut plyers (Kuv nyiam $ 5 Hakko CHP170!)
• Desoldering braid
• Super kua nplaum

Programming Attiny (Kauj Ruam 4, tsis tas yuav yog koj yuav qhov no ua khoom siv):

• Arduino (thov zam qhov pheej yig Suav clones thiab txhawb koj li Asmeskas Qhib Chaw Tsim Khoom).

  • SparkFun Redboard
  • Adafruit Xov Tooj
  • Arduino UAS
• AVR Programming Shield.
• Pogo adapter (yog tias ua haujlwm nrog nti teeb tsa).
• Tus qauv USB A-B rau Uno, USB Mini rau Redboard, lossis USB Micro rau Xov Tooj.

Cov khoom siv rau txoj haujlwm no muaj nyob ntawm Tindie.com (rho tawm lub roj teeb). Kev yuav cov khoom siv yuav txuag koj lub sijhawm thiab kev siv nyiaj ntawm kev xaj khoom los ntawm ntau tus neeg muag khoom sib txawv thiab zam qhov tsawg kawg PCB xaj kom them nyiaj. Tsis tas li, kev sau ntawv Attiny tsis tseem ceeb, thiab yog tias koj yuav cov khoom siv, nws yuav twb tau npaj ua ntej lawm. Koj tseem yuav pab kuv txhim kho thiab qhia lwm cov haujlwm hauv kuv qhov kev cob qhia!

Kauj Ruam 2: Kev Tiv Thaiv Yog Qhov Tseem Ceeb

Peb yuav xav tias koj muaj qee qhov kev tsim khoom siv. Yog tias koj xav tau qee qhov kev pab soldering, mus rau www.sparkfun.com/tutorials/213 txhawm rau txhuam lossis saib Geek Girl piav qhia nws ntawm https://www.youtube.com/embed/P5L4Gl6Q4Xo. Kuv kuj muaj cov khoom tsim nyog rau cov pib tshiab ntawm

Kuv nyiam pib nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vim tias a) lawv tiv taus cua sov thaum koj nkag mus rau hauv koj lub qhov txhab thiab cov hlau tab tom los rau qhov kub, b) lawv tsis muaj polarity, yog li kev taw qhia tsis tseem ceeb, thiab c) lawv yog tivthaiv qis tshaj ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm yog li zaum nruj thaum siv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws. Muaj yim yim 330-ohm tam sim no txwv cov resistors, ib qho rau txhua tus ntawm LEDs. Koj tuaj yeem ua ib zaug, lossis tag nrho yim ib zaug.

• Khoov cov coj mus rau qhov dav ntawm cov ntaub qhwv thiab ntxig rau tus tiv thaiv.
• Tig lub rooj tsavxwm hla thiab ua kom cov hlau lead.
• Txiav cov hlau lead nrog cov yub txiav.
• Ntaus lawv dua nrog cov hlau yog tias koj xav kom lawv ua rau koj nyiam cov phooj ywg geek.

Kauj ruam 3: Code?

Yog tias koj yuav kuv cov khoom siv, lub nti tau npaj ua ntej thiab tuaj yeem hla mus rau kauj ruam tom ntej.

Yog, txoj haujlwm no xav tau qee tus lej. Thiab, yog tias koj tau ua tib zoo mloog, hauv Kauj Ruam 1 Kuv tau hais rau koj tias kev sau ntawv Attiny tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kuv siv Arduino, nws qhov chaw ib puag ncig, kuv tus AVR programmer, thiab pogo pin jig.

Cov nti tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau ua ntej yuav muab tshuaj txhuam tso rau hauv qhov chaw (duab 2), lossis tom qab nws tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw siv ISP lub taub hau nyob hauv qab ntawm PCB (duab 3). Hauv ob qho xwm txheej, lub cajmeem yog raws li hauv qab no:

• Rub tawm Arduino Programming Environment.

• Nruab kev txhawb nqa rau Attiny 85 los ntawm:

  • https://highlowtech.org/?p=1695 (Arduino Me me)
  • https://github.com/SpenceKonde/ATTinyCore (Attiny Core)
• Upload "Arduino as ISP sketch": [File] -> [Piv txwv] -> [Arduino as ISP].
• Txuas nrog AVR Programming Shield thiab ntxig kab xov txuas rau txoj haujlwm Attiny84
• Yog tias siv Pogo Adapter, muab nws tso rau ntawm ISP lub taub hau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Cov ntaub qhwv zoo thiab tsis zoo raug cim yog li koj tuaj yeem taw qhia lub taub hau kom raug.
• Yog tias siv lub nti, ntxig nws nrog tus pin rau ntawm USB txuas.

• Xaiv qhov tseeb nti:

  • Arduino Me Me: "Attiny 84 @ 8 Mhz"

  • Attiny Core: "Attiny 24/44/84"

    • Nti "Attiny 84"
    • 8 Mhz (Sab hauv)
    • Pin Kav "Counter Clockwise"
• Xaiv Programmer, [Cuab Yeej] -> [Programmer] -> [Arduino ua ISP]
• Teem lub program fuses, [Cuab Yeej] -> [Hlawv Bootloader]
• Rub tawm daim duab txuas, [File] -> [Upload siv programmer]

Qhov loj tshaj ntawm qhov ua yuam kev kuv tau koom nrog tsis muaj cov pins ua kom raug.

Kauj ruam 4: Chip Nws

Tam sim no koj lub nti muaj cov lej ntawm nws, koj tuaj yeem nruab nws. Kev taw qhia ntawm DIP ("ob kab hauv kab") nti feem ntau yog qhia los ntawm lub qhov uas nyob ib sab rau tus pin, lossis qhov sib faib ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub nti uas muaj tus pin ib, zoo li qhov no.

• Khoov tus coj mus rau 90 degrees los ntawm nias lawv tawm tsam ib qho chaw tiaj (duab 1 & 2).
• Teem lub nti nrog lub cim ntawm PCB thiab ntxig lub nti (duab 3).
• Solder ib tus pin ntawm ob sab, thiab txheeb xyuas tias ob lub nti tiaj tus tiv thaiv PCB thiab qhov kev taw qhia raug. Nws nyuaj heev los kho tom qab qhov no. Ntseeg kuv ntawm no.
• Thaum koj paub tseeb tias nws ua tiav lawm, muab cov pins uas seem ntxiv thiab tom qab ntawd txiav lawv yaug.

Kauj Ruam 5: Hloov thiab Capacitor

Lub laub khawm mus ib sab ntawm IC, thiab lub capacitor ntawm lwm sab.

• Nias lub laub khawm mus rau hauv qhov chaw (xyuas kom tseeb tias nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov qhia kom raug).
• Muab nws tso rau hauv qhov chaw.
• Txiav cov kab tawm ntawm sab nraum qab.

Lub capacitor tsis muaj kev taw qhia, tab sis yog tias koj tso sab sau ntawv tawm, koj cov phooj ywg geek yuav paub tias koj siv tus nqi li cas.

Kauj Ruam 6: Hloov thiab Lub Roj Teeb

Qhov hloov mus nrog qib taw qhia sab nraud. Ib yam li lwm yam khoom, muab ob tus pas txuas rau hauv, txheeb xyuas tias nws zaum ncaj, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov khoom seem tso.

Lub roj teeb tuav tau kos cim kom pom qhov kev taw qhia, tab sis nws tsis muaj teeb meem tiag. Nws yuav, txawm li cas los xij, xav tau cua sov me ntsis ntau dua li cov coj ua ib txwm muaj, thiab koj yuav xav kom ntseeg tau tias nws zaum ncaj los tuav lub roj teeb hauv txoj haujlwm (daim duab 4).

Kauj Ruam 7: LEDs

Tsis muaj ib txoj haujlwm tsim nyog uas tsis suav nrog tsawg kawg ib qho LED. Qhov no muaj yim!

Cov hmoov txhuas ntev yog qhov zoo (anode). Muaj lub cim "+" ntawm lub silkscreen, thiab lub ncoo yog plaub fab. Yog tias koj ua tag nrho yim hauv ib zaug, tuav lawv kom ntseeg tau tias koj muaj txhua qhov kev qhia raug.

• Siv ib qho txhuas ntawm txhua LED.

• Txheeb xyuas qhov kev taw qhia thiab tias lawv tau zaum tiaj tus (daim duab 3).

  Yog tias lawv tsis yog, nyem rau ntawm rooj plaub nrog koj cov thum thiab rov ua kom sov dua kom txog thaum nws snaps hauv txoj haujlwm (daim duab 4)

• Qhuav seem.
• Clip cov coj.

Kauj Ruam 8: Txheeb Xyuas Nws

Txij ntawm no mus, peb tseem tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov LEDs thiab hloov tawm:

• Ntxig lub roj teeb nrog sab zoo sab nraud.
• Hloov lub spinner rau thiab tom qab ntawd nyem lub pob kom txog thaum tag nrho (vam tias) LEDs nyob (saib cov vis dis aus).
• Tig lub kiv thiab pom tus qauv Yog tias lub LED tsis teeb, nws yuav raug teeb tsa rov qab, lossis tau ua kom sov puas. Un-solder nws thiab muab ib qho tshiab rau hauv.

Teeb meem:

• Yog tias tsis muaj LEDs teeb:

  • Xyuas kom koj lub roj teeb tau zoo thiab nyob hauv qhov qhia kom raug.
  • Koj puas tau program koj tus nti? Puas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev taw qhia raug? Nws puas kub?
  • Puas yog LEDs taw qhia kom raug? Siv cov npib xov tooj hla cov coj coj los sib txuas los sim lawv?

• Yog tias qhov hloov pauv tsis ua rau LEDs ntsais:

  • Txheeb xyuas cov khoom sib txuas ntawm LED.
  • Txheeb xyuas cov pob qij txha txuas rau ntawm Attiny.
• Yog tias txhua yam ua tsis tau, nqa thiab tshaj tawm cov duab siab ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab nraub qaum thiab thov kev pab hauv cov lus.

Kauj Ruam 9: Lub Sijhawm Tig

Cov kabmob tau tuav nyob rau hauv qhov chaw los ntawm kev siv rooj plaub txuas rau lub ncoo loj. Qhov no yuav tsum ua siab ntev thiab ua kom sov ntau:

• Siv qee yam zoo li npib ntawm qhov tawv tawv los tso rau qhov chaw.
• Ua kom sov ob lub ncoo thiab lub plhaub kabmob kom txog thaum koj pom cov kab laug sab ntws mus rau hauv rooj plaub (nws siv sijhawm me ntsis).
• Rov ua dua ntawm lwm sab.
• Txheeb xyuas tias cov kabmob tau ua kom raug los ntawm kev tig lub spinner.
• Tig lub rooj tsavxwm hla thiab muab ob lub ntsiab lus tso rau ntawm lwm sab.

Kauj Ruam 10: Nov Puas Yog Kev Hloov Pauv?

Txhawm rau qhia cov lus tsis yog siv cov qauv xwb, peb yuav tsum paub txoj haujlwm ntawm tus kiv cua hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog lub voj voog. Peb yuav siv Hall-effect sensor thiab hlau nplaum. Qhov no zoo ib yam li cov cav tua hluav taws paub thaum twg kom tua lub txim kom tau txais lub zog tshaj plaws. Kev taw qhia thiab kev sib koom ntawm ob lub sensor thiab hlau nplaum yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov no kom ua haujlwm.

• Kev sau ntawv ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub cuab yeej ntsib lub ntsej muag sib txuam ntawm daim iav lo lo ntxhuav (duab 1).
• Teem qhov siab kom siab dua li cov kabmob (qhov twg cov hlau nplaum hauv lub hau yuav).
• Solder ib leeg.
• Txheeb xyuas qhov siab thiab khoom noj.
• Siv cov hlau lead uas seem.
• Clip cov coj.

Yog tias koj siv lub Omni-ncej sensor, koj yuav tsum xam tawm qhov kev taw qhia ntawm cov hlau nplaum. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los ua qhov no yog teeb tsa hom uas tsis yog tus qauv los ntawm cov kauj ruam dhau los thiab tom qab ntawd pom sab ntawm cov hlau nplaum uas pib LEDs ntsais (saib video). Kaw cov hlau nplaum nrog sab uas ua haujlwm sab nrauv sab nraud. Txheeb xyuas koj txoj haujlwm.

Kauj Ruam 11: Txoj Cai Tshwm Sim

Yog tias koj tuav tus kiv taub hau nce toj nrog lub roj teeb hauv, koj yuav pom nws piv rau lub roj teeb sab. Txawm hais tias kuv siv zog ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom sib npaug, nws tseem tsis tshuav. Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv qee qhov hnyav rau sab uas tsis muaj roj teeb siv lub txiv ntseej & ntsia liaj qhov rooj, lossis ntxiv qee qhov txuas rau lub ncoo.

Kauj Ruam 12: Koj Ua Haujlwm

Nrog koj lub hlau nplaum thiab lub ntsuas cua nyob hauv qhov chaw, koj tau npaj los tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tau zoo tag nrho ntawm koj li Geek Spinner. Hom ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws yog pom los ntawm LED uas tau teeb ntawm lub zog lossis tom qab lub pob nyem (D0 - D7). Hom hloov pauv los ntawm nias lub pob (saib video).

cov hom = 8; // naj npawb ntawm hom muaj

// 0 -> text "Nyob Zoo Ntiaj Teb!" // 1 -> RPM // 2 -> sijhawm hauv vib nas this // 3 -> suav suav // 4 -> suav suav (tag nrho) // 5 -> "lilly pad" qauv // 6 -> zoo li 1 (lub plawv) // 7 -> duab 2 (luag nyav)

Kauj Ruam 13: Tab sis Tos, Muaj Ntxiv.

Tus qauv "lub plawv" thiab "luag ntxhi" tau tsim los ntawm kev siv kab duab kab rov tav los qhia seb yim ntu yuav zoo li cas 5 qib ntawm kev sib hloov.

Los Ntawm Tes:

• Rub tawm thiab luam tag nrho cov duab daws teeb meem (daim duab 1).
• Sau rau hauv cov thaiv kom ua koj cov duab (daim duab 2).

• Nrog rau lub radial, pib 0, suav cov byte siv dub = 1, dawb = 0;

  Thawj radial ntawm lub plawv yog 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, yog li byte = 0b100000000;

• Mus txuas ntxiv kom txog thaum koj ua tiav (hint, yog tias koj cov duab zoo sib xws, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum ua ib nrab).
• Muab koj cov bytes tso rau hauv "textAndShapes.h" ntu kos duab hauv qab "shape_1 " lossis "shape_2 ".

Siv Python:

• Nruab Python.
• Nruab Python's Image library.
• Rub cov ntawv txuas "readGraph.py" txuas nrog.
• Rub tawm cov duab daws teeb meem (daim duab 1).
• Qhib daim duab hauv qhov koj nyiam tshaj tawm (GIMP lossis MS Xim).
• Siv qhov "Sau" hais kom ua nrog cov xim dub xaiv kom puv ntu koj xav tau teeb (daim duab 2).
• Txuag cov duab hauv tib phau ntawv raws li "readGraph.py" tsab ntawv thiab hloov lub npe cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsab ntawv kom phim nws:

im = Duab.open ('heart.png')

Khiav tsab ntawv thiab muab cov ntawv tso rau hauv "textAndShapes.h" ntu kos duab hauv qab "shape_1 " lossis "shape_2"

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob yig qhia koj qhov kev tsim (duab thiab chaws) hauv cov lus!

Kauj Ruam 14: Khab nias thiab Kev Xav Thaum Kawg

Kuv yeej tsis tuaj nrog txhua qhov no ntawm kuv tus kheej. Tsis yog los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ntev.

• Kuv thawj qhov kev paub ua haujlwm nrog POV yog nrog qhov haujlwm los ntawm Nick Sayer hu ua POV Twirlie: https://www.tindie.com/products/nsayer/pov-twirlie/. (Kuv kuj siv yog pogo adapter).
• Qhov kev xav "LED + Fidget spinner = POV" nkag rau hauv kuv lub hlwb tom qab pom Techydiy Cov Lus Qhia
• Txhua lub sijhawm koj muaj lub tswv yim txaus, ib tus neeg tau ua tiav nws: https://www.instructables.com/id/POV-Arduino-Fidget-Spinner/. Kev sib tsoo saum npoo av yog ib yam uas kuv tuaj yeem ua tau, tab sis tsis yog tus pib zoo tiag tiag. Nws tus lej kuj tseem me ntsis ntawm kuv lub taub hau, tab sis kuv tau siv nws lub tswv yim hais txog kev nthuav tawm RPM thiab suav.
• Kuv muaj peev xwm nkag siab thiab siv cov ntawv luv ntawm Reger-txiv neej POV Clock code los tso saib cov ntawv:

Tsis muaj ib qhov haujlwm tiav lossis zoo meej. Nov yog qee qhov kev xav Kuv tau mus tom ntej:

• Tshuav nyiaj: Cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom, yog li nws nyuaj rau txawm tias muaj kev paub kwv yees txog qhov sib npaug yam tsis tau tsim nws. Lub roj teeb pom tseeb yog qhov hnyav tshaj plaws. Kuv ntxiv qhov ntawm txhua qhov kawg yog li kuv tuaj yeem ntxiv qhov hnyav raws li xav tau kom sib npaug nws.
• Clockwise? Yog tias koj pom, cov ntawv tsuas yog qhia kom raug yog tias koj tig hauv lub moos-ntse kev qhia. Spinning lwm qhov kev taw qhia tsim daim iav duab. Ntxiv lub Hall thib ob lossis cov hlau nplaum yuav tso cai rau koj kom tau txais kev taw qhia kev sib hloov (Sean txoj haujlwm tau ua qhov no).
• Xim? Siv programmable RGB LEDs yuav tso cai rau koj ua xim. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv feem ntau yog qhov saum npoo.