Cov txheej txheem:

HackerBox 0039: Qib nce: 16 Kauj Ruam
HackerBox 0039: Qib nce: 16 Kauj Ruam

Video: HackerBox 0039: Qib nce: 16 Kauj Ruam

Video: HackerBox 0039: Qib nce: 16 Kauj Ruam
Video: Muas Xiong teb Pov Pluag cov lus! EP #30 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim
HackerBox 0039: Qib nce
HackerBox 0039: Qib nce

Nrog HackerBox 0039, HackerBox Hackers thoob ntiaj teb tab tom siv ATX cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los txhawb lawv txoj haujlwm, kawm paub yuav ua li cas transistors tsim lub rooj vag logic, thiab tshawb xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov npav SIM ntawm tes. Cov Lus Qhia no muaj cov ntaub ntawv rau pib nrog HackerBox #0039, uas tuaj yeem yuav ntawm no thaum cov khoom siv kawg. Yog tias koj xav tau txais HackerBox zoo li txoj cai no hauv koj lub mailbox txhua lub hlis, thov sau npe ntawm HackerBoxes.com thiab koom nrog kev hloov pauv!

Cov Ntsiab Lus thiab Kawm Lub Hom Phiaj rau HackerBox 0039:

  • Coj mus rhaub tus qauv ntsuas hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv khaws cia hauv PC
  • Hloov 12V DC mus rau qhov hloov pauv qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm
  • Sib sau ua ke rau lub rooj sib txawv logic siv NPN transistors
  • Tshawb xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim npav SIM ntawm tes
  • Txais los yog teeb meem cov nyiaj npib - hacker style

HackerBoxes yog lub npov muab kev pabcuam txhua hli rau DIY hluav taws xob thiab tshuab computer. Peb yog cov nyiam ua haujlwm, tsim khoom, thiab sim ua. Peb yog cov neeg ua npau suav npau suav.

HACK THE PLANET

Kauj Ruam 1: Cov Ntsiab Lus Sau rau HackerBox 0039

Image
Image
  • ATX Power Supply Breakout
  • DC-rau-DC Power Buck Converter
  • Acrylic Enclosure rau Power Converter
  • Peb tshwj xeeb Transistor-to-Gate PCBs
  • Cov Khoom Siv rau Transistor-to-Gates
  • Poj niam MicroUSB Terminal Thaiv
  • MicroUSB Cable
  • Peb Txoj Kev SIM Daim Npav Adapter
  • USB SIM Card Nyeem Ntawv thiab Sau Ntawv
  • Tsuas yog HackerBox Challenge Npib
  • Decals rau Transistor-to-Gates
  • Tsuas yog HackLife Vinyl Hloov

Qee qhov lwm yam uas yuav pab tau:

  • Soldering hlau, cov laug, thiab cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim
  • Khaws ATX Lub Hwj Huam Muab Khoom

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, koj yuav xav tau kev nkag siab ntawm kev taug txuj kev nyuaj, hacker lub siab, ua siab ntev, thiab xav paub ntxiv. Tsim thiab sim nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thaum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tuaj yeem ua qhov nyuaj, nyuaj, thiab txawm tias ua rau lub sijhawm nyuaj. Lub hom phiaj yog kev vam meej, tsis yog kev ua tiav. Thaum koj mob siab rau thiab txaus siab rau txoj kev taug txuj kev nyuaj, kev txaus siab ntau tuaj yeem muab los ntawm txoj haujlwm no. Ua txhua kauj ruam qeeb, mloog cov ntsiab lus, thiab tsis txhob ntshai thov kev pab.

Muaj cov ntaub ntawv nplua nuj rau tam sim no, thiab yav tom ntej, cov tswv cuab hauv HackerBoxes FAQ. Yuav luag txhua qhov tsis yog-kev txhawb nqa email uas peb tau txais twb tau teb rau ntawd, yog li peb zoo siab heev uas koj tau siv ob peb feeb los nyeem FAQ.

Kauj ruam 2: Npib CHECK

Transistors-rau-Gates
Transistors-rau-Gates

CHALLENGE npib tuaj yeem yog npib me me lossis cov khoom plig, nqa lub koom haum lub npe lossis lub cim thiab nqa los ntawm lub koom haum cov tswv cuab. Kev lig kev cai, lawv yuav raug muab los ua pov thawj ua tswv cuab thaum muaj kev sib tw thiab txhim kho kev coj noj coj ua. Ib qho ntxiv, lawv kuj tau sau los ntawm cov tswv cuab pabcuam. Hauv kev xyaum, cov nyiaj npib sib tw feem ntau nthuav tawm los ntawm cov thawj coj hauv kev lees paub kev ua tiav tshwj xeeb los ntawm tus tswv cuab ntawm chav tsev. Lawv kuj tseem sib pauv hauv kev lees paub ntawm kev mus ntsib rau ib lub koom haum. (Wikipedia)

Kauj Ruam 3: Transistors-to-Gates

HackerBox Transistor-to-Gates PCBs thiab cov khoom siv pab qhia thiab tshawb nrhiav seb lub rooj laj kab logic tau tsim los ntawm transistors li cas.

Hauv transistor -transistor logic (TTL) cov cuab yeej, transistors muab kev ua haujlwm logic. TTL cov kab hluav taws xob sib txuas tau siv dav hauv kev siv xws li khoos phis tawj, tswj kev lag luam, ntsuas cov cuab yeej thiab ntsuas khoom, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv hluavtaws. 7400 series los ntawm Texas Instruments tau nrov tshwj xeeb. TTL cov chaw tsim khoom muab ntau yam ntawm cov rooj vag logic, flip-flops, cov txee, thiab lwm yam kev hloov pauv. Kev hloov pauv ntawm thawj qhov kev tsim hluav taws xob TTL muab kev nrawm dua lossis qis zog tso tawm kom tso cai tsim qauv. Cov cuab yeej TTL tau xub tsim ua cov khoom siv yas thiab yas ob-hauv-kab (DIP), thiab daim ntawv tiaj-pob. TTL chips tam sim no kuj tau ua nyob rau hauv cov pob ntim saum npoo av. TTL dhau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm khoos phis tawj thiab lwm yam khoom siv digital. Txawm hais tias tom qab kev sib xyaw ua ke loj heev (VLSI) cov khoom siv sib txuas ua rau ntau lub tshuab hluav taws xob-txheej txheem txheej txheem tsis dhau los, TTL cov cuab yeej tseem pom muaj kev siv dav raws li cov kua nplaum logic cuam tshuam ntawm ntau qhov sib xyaw ua ke. (Wikipedia)

Transistors-to-Gates PCBs thiab Cov Ntsiab Lus:

  • Peb tshwj xeeb Transistors-to-Gate PCBs
  • Decals rau Transistors-to-Gates Circuits
  • Kaum 2N2222A NPN Transistors (TO-92 Pob)
  • Kaum 1K Resistors (xim av, dub, liab)
  • Kaum 10K Resistors (xim av, dub, txiv kab ntxwv)
  • Kaum 5mm Ntsuab LEDs
  • Kaum Tactile Momentary Nyees khawm

Kauj ruam 4: Tsis Rooj Vag

Tsis Rooj Vag
Tsis Rooj Vag

Lub Rooj Zaum Tsis Zoo yog lub qhov rooj logic yooj yim uas hla nws cov tswv yim, tsis hloov pauv, rau nws cov txiaj ntsig. Nws tus cwj pwm yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub qhov rooj NOT. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tsis yog rov tsim cov tswv yim. Ib tus tsis muaj ib lub tswv yim thiab ib qho tso tawm; nws cov zis ib txwm sib npaug nws cov tswv yim. Tsis siv neeg kuj tseem siv los ua kom qhov kev nthuav tawm qeeb ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob. (WikiChip)

Qhov tsis siv hluav taws xob siv ntawm no yog qhov piv txwv zoo ntawm yuav ua li cas transistor tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hloov pauv. Thaum lub hauv paus tus pin tau qhib tam sim no tau tso cai ntws los ntawm Tus pin sau rau Emitter tus pin. Qhov tam sim no hla dhau (thiab teeb pom kev zoo) LED. Yog li peb hais tias kev qhib lub transistor Base hloov lub LED rau thiab tawm.

LUS CEEB TOOM

  • NPN Transistors: tus pin emitter mus rau hauv qab ntawm PCB, sab tiaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv transistor mus rau sab xis
  • LED: Tus pin luv tau tso rau ntawm lub hwj chim hauv av (rau hauv qab ntawm PCB)
  • Resistors: polarity tsis muaj teeb meem, tab sis kev tso kawm ua. Lub hauv paus resistors yog 10K Ohm thiab cov resistors inline nrog LEDs yog 1K Ohm.
  • Lub zog: txuas 5VDC thiab hauv av mus rau cov khoom sib dhos nyob tom qab ntawm txhua PCB

Ua raws li cov lus pom zoo rau tag nrho peb tus PCBs

Kauj Ruam 5: Inverter Gate

Rooj vag Inverter
Rooj vag Inverter

Lub Inverter Gate lossis NOT NOT Gate, yog lub qhov rooj logic uas siv cov lus tsis raug. Thaum cov tswv yim yog LOW, cov zis yog HIGH thiab thaum cov tswv yim yog HIGH, cov zis yog LOW. Inverters yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua lub tshuab digital. Nkag siab txog nws cov haujlwm, tus cwj pwm, thiab cov khoom rau cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nthuav nws cov qauv mus rau cov txheej txheem nyuaj xws li NOR thiab NAND rooj vag. Tus cwj pwm hluav taws xob ntawm qhov loj dua thiab nyuaj txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem muab tau los ntawm kev nthuav tawm tus cwj pwm uas pom los ntawm cov hloov pauv yooj yim. (WikiChip)

Kauj Ruam 6: LOSSIS Rooj Vag

LOS YOG Rooj vag
LOS YOG Rooj vag

LOS YOG Rooj vag yog lub qhov rooj logic digital uas siv cov laj thawj tsis sib xws. HIGH cov zis (1) tshwm sim yog tias ib lossis ob qho kev nkag mus rau lub qhov rooj yog HIGH (1). Yog tias tsis muaj cov tswv yim siab, LOW cov zis (0) cov txiaj ntsig. Hauv lwm qhov kev nkag siab, kev ua haujlwm ntawm OR muaj txiaj ntsig pom qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm ob tus lej binary, ib yam li qhov ua tiav THIAB ua haujlwm pom qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. (Wikipedia)

Kauj Ruam 7: NOR Gate

NCO Gate
NCO Gate

NOR Rooj vag (TSIS-LOS YOG) yog lub qhov rooj logic digital uas ua raws li cov lus pom zoo NOR. HIGH cov zis (1) tshwm sim yog tias ob qho tib si nkag mus rau lub qhov rooj LOW (0); yog tias ib lossis ob qho tswv yim yog HIGH (1), LOW output (0) cov txiaj ntsig. NOR yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsis pom zoo ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm OR. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem pom ua lub qhov rooj THIAB nrog txhua qhov kev nkag nkag rov qab. NOR rooj vag tuaj yeem ua ke los tsim lwm yam kev ua haujlwm muaj nuj nqis. Qhia tawm cov khoom no nrog NAND rooj vag. Los ntawm kev sib piv, Tus neeg teb xov tooj LOS YOG monotonic vim nws tsuas tuaj yeem hloov LOW rau HIGH tab sis tsis hloov pauv. (Wikipedia)

Kauj Ruam 8: THIAB Rooj vag

THIAB Rooj vag
THIAB Rooj vag

THIAB Rooj vag yog lub hauv paus digital logic rooj vag uas siv cov laj thawj sib koom ua ke. HIGH cov zis (1) tsuas yog yog tias txhua qhov kev nkag mus rau THIAB rooj vag yog HIGH (1). Yog tias tsis muaj lossis tsis yog txhua qhov kev nkag mus rau THIAB rooj vag yog HIGH, LOW cov txiaj ntsig tau tshwm sim. Lub luag haujlwm tuaj yeem txuas mus rau txhua tus lej ntawm cov tswv yim. (Wikipedia)

Kauj Ruam 9: NAND Rooj vag

NCO Gate
NCO Gate

NAND Rooj vag (TSIS-THIAB) yog lub qhov rooj logic uas tsim tawm qhov uas tsis yog qhov tseeb yog tias txhua qhov nws nkag mus yog qhov tseeb. Nws cov txiaj ntsig tau ntxiv rau qhov ntawm AND rooj vag. LOW (0) cov txiaj ntsig tsuas yog yog tias txhua qhov kev nkag mus rau lub qhov rooj yog HIGH (1); yog tias muaj cov tswv yim LOW (0), HIGH (1) cov txiaj ntsig tau tso tawm.

Los ntawm De Morgan's theorem, ob-input NAND rooj vag lub logic tuaj yeem hais tawm ua AB = A+B, ua NAND rooj vag sib npaug rau inverters ua raws los ntawm OR rooj vag.

Lub qhov rooj NAND yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias kev ua haujlwm boolean tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv ua ke ntawm NAND rooj vag. Cov cuab yeej no hu ua kev ua kom tiav. Nws qhia cov khoom no nrog NOR rooj vag. Cov kab ke digital siv qee qhov kev siv logic siv qhov zoo ntawm NAND kev ua haujlwm tiav.

(Wikipedia)

Kauj ruam 10: XOR Rooj vag

XOR Rooj
XOR Rooj

XOR Rooj vag lossis Tshwj Xeeb LOS YOG yog cov haujlwm ua haujlwm uas tawm qhov tseeb tsuas yog thaum cov tswv yim sib txawv (ib qho yog qhov tseeb, lwm qhov yog qhov tsis tseeb). Nws tau txais lub npe "tshwj xeeb lossis" vim tias lub ntsiab lus ntawm "lossis" tsis meej pem thaum ob qho kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tseeb; qhov tshwj xeeb lossis tus neeg teb xov tooj tsis suav qhov teeb meem ntawd. Nov yog qee zaum xav txog "ib lossis lwm qhov tab sis tsis yog ob qho". Qhov no tuaj yeem sau ua "A lossis B, tab sis tsis yog, A thiab B". (Wikipedia)

Thaum XOR yog lub qhov rooj logic tseem ceeb, nws tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm lwm lub qhov rooj yooj yim dua. Raws li, peb tsis tau tsim ib qho ntawm no, tab sis peb tuaj yeem kawm qhov sau zoo no rau NPN Transistor XOR Gate Circuit raws li thawj qhov piv txwv ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm cov rooj sib tham raws qhov transistor ua ke kom ua cov laj thawj nyuaj.

Kauj Ruam 11: Logic Sib Koom

Combinational Logic
Combinational Logic

Kev sib xyaw ua ke Logic, hauv kev tshawb fawb digital digital, qee zaum hu ua lub sijhawm tsis muaj laj thawj vim tias nws tsis muaj lub cim xeeb. Cov zis yog lub luag haujlwm ntshiab ntawm cov tswv yim tam sim no nkaus xwb. Qhov no yog qhov sib piv rau cov txheej txheem sib luag, uas qhov kev tso tawm tsis yog tsuas yog ntawm cov tswv yim tam sim no tab sis kuj nyob rau keeb kwm ntawm cov tswv yim. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov txheej txheem sib txuas muaj cim xeeb thaum sib cav sib cav tsis sib xws. Kev sib cav tswv yim sib tham tau siv hauv computer khoos phis tawj los ua Boolean algebra ntawm cov lus qhia tawm thiab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia. Cov khoos phis tawj khoos phis tawj ib txwm muaj cov sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov txheej txheem ua ntu zus. Piv txwv li, ib feem ntawm chav lej zauv lej, lossis ALU, uas ua cov lej ua lej tau tsim los siv kev sib cav ua ke. Lwm qhov kev siv hluav taws xob siv hauv khoos phis tawj, xws li cov adders, multiplexers, demultiplexers, encoders thiab decoders kuj tau tsim los ntawm kev siv cov kev xav sib txuas. (Wikipedia)

Kauj Ruam 12: ATX Lub Hwj Chim Muab Tawm

ATX Power Supply Breakout
ATX Power Supply Breakout

ATX cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov pauv AC tsev neeg rau qhov qis-qis tswj DC lub zog rau cov khoom siv sab hauv ntawm lub khoos phis tawj. Cov khoos phis tawj tus kheej niaj hnub siv thoob ntiaj teb siv cov hloov khoom siv hluav taws xob. ATX lub zog hluav taws xob tua hluav taws tau tsim los kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm ATX lub zog xa khoom los tsim lub rooj zaum saum lub hwj chim uas muaj tam sim no txaus los ua haujlwm yuav luag ib ntawm koj cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob. Txij li ATX cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj ntau heev, feem ntau lawv tuaj yeem khaws tau yooj yim los ntawm lub khoos phis tawj pov tseg, thiab yog li tus nqi tsawg lossis tsis muaj dab tsi kom tau txais. ATX kev sib txuas txuas mus rau 24 tus pin ATX txuas thiab tawm 3.3V, 5V, 12V, thiab -12V. Cov kab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob no thiab cov lus siv hauv av tau txuas ua ke rau cov lus tso tawm. Txhua qhov channel tso tawm tau hloov pauv 5A fuse

Kauj Ruam 13: Digital Control DC-to-DC Buck Converter

Digital Control DC-to-DC Buck Converter
Digital Control DC-to-DC Buck Converter

DC-DC Step-Down Power Supply tau hloov kho qhov hluav taws xob thiab cov duab LCD.

  • Lub hwj chim nti: MP2307 (cov ntaub ntawv)
  • Kev tawm tswv yim Voltage: 5-23V (20V pom zoo tshaj plaws)
  • Cov zis hluav taws xob: 0V-18V txuas ntxiv kho tau
  • Yeej txuag qhov teeb tsa kawg
  • Cov tswv yim hluav taws xob yuav tsum yog li 1V siab dua qhov tso zis hluav taws xob
  • Cov zis tam sim no: Nyob rau 3A, tab sis 2A yam tsis muaj cua sov ua kom sov

Calibration: Nrog rau lub hwj chim tawm, tuav khawm sab laug thiab tig lub zog rau. Thaum cov zaub pib flashing, tso sab laug. Siv lub multimeter los ntsuas qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm. Nias sab laug thiab sab xis kom kho qhov hluav taws xob kom txog thaum ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas txog 5.00V (4.98V lossis 5.02V zoo). Thaum hloov kho, tsis quav ntsej cov duab LCD ntawm chav tsev. Thaum hloov kho, tshem tawm chav tsev thiab tom qab ntawd rov ua haujlwm dua. Kev ntsuas ntsuas tiav, tab sis tuaj yeem rov ua dua raws li qhov tsim nyog.

Kauj ruam 14: MicroUSB Breakout

MicroUSB Breakout
MicroUSB Breakout

Cov qauv no rhuav tshem MicroUSB tus pin txuas rau VCC, GND, ID, D- thiab D+ ntsia hlau ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg.

Hais txog daim npav ID, tus xov tooj OTG (wikipedia) muaj lub micro-A ntsaws rau ntawm ib kawg, thiab lub micro-B ntsaws rau lwm qhov kawg. Nws tsis tuaj yeem muaj ob lub ntsaws ntawm tib hom. OTG ntxiv tus lej thib tsib rau tus qauv USB txuas, hu ua ID-pin. Lub micro-A ntsaws muaj tus lej ID hauv av, thaum tus lej ID hauv micro-B ntsaws yog ntab. Ib lub cuab yeej nrog lub micro-A ntsaws tso ua ib qho OTG A-ntaus ntawv, thiab cov cuab yeej nrog lub micro-B ntsaws tso los ua B-ntaus ntawv. Hom ntsaws ntsaws ntsaws tau pom los ntawm lub xeev tus lej PIN.

Kauj Ruam 15: SIM Cov Cuab Yeej

SIM Cov Cuab Yeej
SIM Cov Cuab Yeej

Ib Tus Neeg Siv Khoom Qhia Tus Qauv (SIM), paub zoo tias yog daim npav SIM, yog kev sib koom ua ke uas yog lub hom phiaj khaws ruaj ntseg thoob ntiaj teb cov neeg siv khoom ntiag tug tus lej (IMSI) tus lej thiab nws cov yuam sij cuam tshuam, uas tau siv los txheeb xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas cov neeg siv khoom hauv xov tooj ntawm tes. cov cuab yeej (xws li xov tooj ntawm tes thiab khoos phis tawj). Nws tseem tuaj yeem khaws cov ntaub ntawv tiv toj ntawm ntau daim npav SIM. Cov npav SIM ib txwm siv ntawm GSM xov tooj. Rau CDMA xov tooj, SIM daim npav tsuas yog xav tau rau lub xov tooj tshiab LTE muaj peev xwm. Cov npav SIM kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv hauv xov tooj cua satellite, saib ntse, khoos phis tawj, lossis lub koob yees duab. (Wikipedia)

MagicSIM Windows Software rau USB Adapter tuaj yeem siv nrog USB ntaus ntawv. Kuj tseem muaj tus tsav tsheb rau Prolific PL2303 USB Chip yog xav tau.

Kauj Ruam 16: Nyob HackLife

Ua neej nyob HackLife
Ua neej nyob HackLife

Peb vam tias koj tau txaus siab rau lub hlis no lub voyage rau hauv DIY electronics. Mus txog thiab qhia koj qhov kev vam meej hauv cov lus hauv qab no lossis ntawm HackerBoxes Facebook Group. Muaj tseeb qhia rau peb paub yog tias koj muaj lus nug lossis xav tau kev pab nrog dab tsi.

Koom nrog kev hloov pauv. Ua neej nyob HackLife. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais lub thawv txias ntawm hackable electronics thiab khoos phis tawj thev naus laus zis xa mus rau koj lub thawv ntawv txhua lub hlis. Tsuas yog nthwv hla mus rau HackerBoxes.com thiab sau npe yuav cov kev pabcuam HackerBox txhua hli.

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