Siv EXtreme Burner rau AVR Microcontroller Programming: 8 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:27

Txhua tus koj AVR cov neeg siv ua phooj ywg nyob ntawd, thiab cov uas nyuam qhuav nkag mus rau hauv kwj deg, Qee tus ntawm koj pib nrog PIC microcontrollers thiab qee qhov pib nrog ATMEL AVRs, qhov no tau sau rau koj!

Yog li koj yuav USBASP vim tias nws pheej yig thiab muaj txiaj ntsig los nyem ROM ntawm koj lub cuab yeej Atmega, lossis tej zaum ATTINY ntau. Cov no tuaj yeem tau txais qis dua 5 $, raws li suav clones ntawm Qhib qhov chaw USB-ASP! AVRdude yog lub software rau program lawv.

Koj tsis ntseeg tias yuav ua li cas los tsim Hex cov ntaub ntawv siv Atmel Studio (Kuv tseem siv AVR Studio v4.19 hloov qhov tshiab v7 vim tias nws snappier thiab nrawm dua ntawm kuv lub teeb ib leeg tub ntxhais CPU laptop)/ Netbook thiab WINAVR nruab yog tias koj nyeem qhov no. Txhua yam sau hauv DotNet khiav qeeb! thiab cov ntawv tom qab tau tsim los ua kom koj lub khoos phis tawj khiav zoo li tus vaub kib! Koj tuaj yeem siv Studio v4.19 qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Studio los ntawm ATMEL rau AVR microcontrollers, hloov mus rau version 7 thaum koj xav tau tiag tiag rau cov chips tom qab, thiab ua rau koj lub sijhawm ntawm lub khoos phis tawj ntau dua, ua haujlwm tsis txhob tos! Nov yog qhov kuv pom zoo.

Ib qho AVR tus phooj ywg hais kom ua kab rau program Atmega nrog Hex file, sau zoo li no:

Sau FLASH: AVRdude -s -c avrisp -p t44 -P usb -U "flash: w: D: / ARDUINO / pwmeg1.hex: a"

nov pwmeg1.hex yog Intel hex cov ntaub ntawv kom "hlawv" lossis "flashed" rau hauv "phiaj MCU" hauv microcontroller Lingo

Qhov ntawd yog lub qhov ncauj kom nco qab! Koj tuaj yeem sau cov ntawv ua pawg thiab khiav nws hauv kab hais kom ua hauv Windows, npe nws sau_flash.bat. Zoo ib yam rau kev nyeem cov fuses, lwm qhov ncauj ntawm kab kom nco ntsoov! Nws tau nkees.

rau nyeem flash + eeprom: AVRdude -s -c avrisp -p t44 -P usb -U "flash: r: D: / ARDUINO / pwmeg1.hex: i" -U "eeprom: r:: i"

Kev daws teeb meem yog siv ib tus neeg siv tus phooj ywg GUI cov cuab yeej ua ntej kawg rau AVRdude zoo li Bitburner, Khazama programmer, uas ze li zoo sib xws hauv kev tsim txiaj. eXtreme Burner. Kuv tau siv dawb los siv cov cuab yeej: eXtreme Burner ntau, nws muaj ntau yam, ntseeg tau, thiab cov ntawv qhia no yog hais txog qhov ntawd. Nws tsis tuaj yeem tsuas yog nyem koj cov ntaub ntawv hex / program rau MPU, siv cov lus txib muab rau AVRdude hauv keeb kwm yav dhau, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab koj teeb tsa FUSES uas yog cov ncauj lus nyuaj uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau pib rau AVR cov phiaj xwm. Nov yog qhov txuas rau kev qhia zoo heev ntawm FUSES uas koj tuaj yeem hla dhau lossis txhuam rau. Ib lo lus ceeb toom: ATMEL siv '1' lub xeev ntawm FUSE me ntsis los qhia nws lub xeev 'tsis raug' (tsis tau teeb tsa lossis tsis tau npaj lub xeev) thiab '0' los qhia nws cov phiaj xwm lossis teeb tsa lossis qhib lub xeev! Qhov no tsuas yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov koj ua nrog FUSE cov khoom hauv PIC microcontroller. Ceev faj thaum koj hloov kho lub moos fuse khoom zoo li ua rau sab hauv RC moos hloov mus rau sab nrauv vim qhov no yuav tsim teeb meem hauv kev txuas mus rau lub nti yam tsis muaj teeb tsa sab nrauv. Ib yam li yuav tau ceev faj thaum koj hloov lub xeev qhov tseem ceeb fuse cov khoom zoo li SPIEN thiab RESET DISABLE (cov no yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ib txwm rau SPIEN = 0 thiab RESET DISABLE = 1 yog tias koj xav txuas lus txuas ntxiv nrog MCU nrog koj USB-ASP hauv ISP / SPI hom ! Yog koj botch qhov no koj yuav xav tau High Voltage programmer kom 'tsis txhuam' koj li AVR.

Yog tias koj xav tsis thoob "dab tsi heck yog fuses" thiab "lawv ua dab tsi"? Nyeem qhov sau zoo no:

Lwm cov ncauj lus cuam tshuam yog yuav teeb Clock speed ntawm koj li AVR MPU uas muaj peev xwm ua kom nrawm los ntawm 1Mhz txog 16 lossis 20Mhz. Kuj tseem muaj qhov tshwj xeeb uas muaj hwj chim tsawg zaus siv lead ua xaiv 31.25kHz uas yog tsim kom raug tuaj yeem ua rau koj AVR khiav tawm AA roj teeb rau 3 lub hlis!

Ob qho no, Clock Fuse cov khoom (ob zaus thiab Hom ntawm moos sab hauv RC/sab nraud siv lead ua, thiab lwm yam Fuse khoom) tuaj yeem teeb tsa los ntawm FUSES tab hauv eXtreme Burner. Ua ntej peb yuav qhia koj nyeem ROM, thiab tom qab ntawd yuav ua li cas nyem cov ntaub ntawv hex siv eXtreme Burner. Yog lawm, koj tuaj yeem siv online AVR fuse cov vev xaib ib yam nkaus, tab sis qhov kev xaiv kuv piav qhia tuaj yeem siv tau thaum koj nyob nraum ib yam nkaus, nyob txhua qhov chaw.

Kauj Ruam 1: Cov Chaw Yuav Ua:

Cov duab qhia txog SETTINGS kom ua tiav ua ntej koj pib koj txoj haujlwm. (nws ib zaug nkaus xwb). Hauv qab 'Kho vajtse teeb tsa' sub-menu item, peb xaiv 375Hz vim tias feem ntau ntawm MCU los ntawm ATMEL lub Hoobkas tau teeb tsa rau qhov teeb tsa tsis raug ntawm 1 Mhz CPU moos ntawm sab hauv RC oscillator. ISP ceev yog Peb Hlis ntawm F_cpu. Qhov ntawd muab rau peb 375 Khz nrawm tshaj, koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov nrawm dua ib yam, nws yuav tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntau. Koj tuaj yeem sim txuas txuas qhov no ntawm nws lub hauv paus, thiab muab 'nyeem tag nrho', yog tias nws ua tsis tau ces koj tuaj yeem hla ntawm no thiab hloov kho qhov nrawm, ua rau nws qis dua.

Vim tias yog koj tsis tuaj yeem txuas (cov lus yuav muab rau hauv lub programmer window "tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog nti, tsis tuaj yeem SCK" txhais tau tias lub moos teeb liab los ntawm koj lub PC tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog koj lub nti uas koj tab tom nyeem lossis program)., Koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem hloov Clock speed ntawm CPU lossis hloov nws qhov nrawm thiab hom! Yog li txuas yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua yam! Nws zoo li "FIRST CONTACT" zoo li koj pom hauv Spielberg cov yeeb yaj kiab. Yog tias koj ua tiav qhov no, koj ib txwm tuaj yeem nce lub moos nrawm ntawm koj li MCU los ntawm kev tsim cov fuses raws li, thiab tom qab ntawd siv qhov nrawm dua los txuas.

Yog li dhau los ntawm cov kho vajtse teeb tsa snapshots muab ntawm no, tom qab teeb tsa hom ntaus ntawv ib yam nkaus (cov nti koj tab tom sim ua haujlwm, nws tus lej qauv).

Kauj Ruam 2: Teeb Koj Lub Ntaus Ntaus

pom lub vijtsam, Daim Duab 1, peb tau teeb tsa "ATTINY44A". Nov yog 14 tus pin Microcontroller sans UART. Kuv tau siv qhov no tsis ntev los no, SSU version. Yog tias koj teeb tsa Extreme burner stock version koj yuav tsis pom Attiny44A hauv cov cuab yeej xaiv cov npe tso tseg, koj yuav pom Attiny44 uas rau txhua lub hom phiaj peb tuaj yeem siv rau qhov program tawm Attiny44A ib yam nkaus, los qhia cov cuab yeej twg uas tsis muaj npe nyob hauv cov npe no, nyeem kuv lwm cov lus qhia "Hacking eXtreme Burner".

Kuv tau siv Atmega88PA-AU tseem nrog eXtreme Burner tab sis hauv Cov Lus Qhia no peb hais "Attiny44A" txhua qhov chaw. Tam sim no koj ua lub khob cij daim ntawv ntawm qhov me me 7mm square SMD nti thiab sim nws nrog koj cov haujlwm li cas? (saib cov duab uas qhia txog cov nti loj), Rau qhov no, saib kuv lwm yam kev qhia uas kuv qhia yuav ua li cas thiaj ua Breadboard haum Plug-in Modules siv Attiny44A-SSU thiab ATmega88PA-AU

Thaum koj kawm cov txheej txheem no koj yuav tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas ib qho nti uas koj xav ua rau tinker nrog, seb nws cov SMD lossis DIL pob. Piv txwv li, Kuv tseem tau siv SMD nti los hauv 32-pin 0.8mm pin pitch Quad pob (Atmega88A) zoo ib yam!

. Lossis koj tuaj yeem siv 28pin DIL version ntawm Attiny44A rau qhov Qhia Qhia lossis xijpeem AVR koj tab tom siv tam sim no sim eXtreme Burner rau AVR programming.

Kauj Ruam 3: Nyeem tag nrho lossis Nyeem FLASH

Txuas koj USBasp mus rau USB chaw nres nkoj ntawm koj lub laptop, Kuv xav tias koj twb tau thauj cov tsav tsheb raug uas tuaj nrog koj tus programmer thiab tias nws raug kuaj pom raug. Nws yuav tsum tshwm nyob rau hauv 'Cov cuab yeej thiab tshuab luam ntawv' hauv lub qhov rais pib ntawv qhia zaub mov yog tias nws yog, sai li sai tau thaum nws ntsaws rau hauv USB chaw nres nkoj! Txuas koj lub hom phiaj nti ntawm nws pawg thawj coj nrog koj USBasp (cuam tshuam SDI // ISP pins siv 6 tus pin lossis 10 tus lej txuas yuav tsum txuas nrog ntawm ob qho, uas yog tus pin: MOSI, RESET, MISO, SCK, Vcc, Hauv av).

Nyeem tag nrho los ntawm MENU ntawm Xtreme Burner. Saib cov duab thiab cov lus peb tau txais. Thaum pib koj lub vijtsam pom 'FF' rau ROM hauv Thawj TAB ntawm lub hlawv, tom qab nyeem tag nrho nws yuav qhia qhov tseeb ROM txheem ntawm lub nti. Yog tias koj siv lub Hoobkas tshiab nti lossis cov nti tshem tawm koj yuav pom FF hauv cov ntsiab lus tom qab "Nyeem Txhua". Ib qho tsis tau npaj ua ntu yuav qhia 'FF' hauv nws lub cim xeeb, yog li EEPROM (tab thib ob hauv tus programmer), tab kawg qhia txog FUSES.

Tom qab nyeem tag nrho 3 tabs yuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv raug nyob hauv lub nti. Ua ntej ntawd nws yuav tsis, yog li muab Nyeem tag nrho ua ntej sai li sai tau thaum koj txuas txhua yam.

Kauj Ruam 4: Sau rau Flash (koj cov ntaub ntawv Hex Flashed rau hauv ROM ntawm Chip)

Xaiv cov ntawv uas siv Browse dialog uas qhib thaum koj nyem rau thawj lub cim hauv MENU bar saum toj no. Peb xaiv ib daim ntawv raws li koj pom hauv daim duab. Thaum koj xaiv cov ntawv hex (hom ntawv intel hex) Cov Ntawv Qhia zaub mov uas pom "tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv thauj khoom" hloov pauv rau cov npe ntawv uas koj tau rub.

Tam sim no Tshaj Tawm Sau Flash los ntawm Cov Ntawv Qhia ntawm software. Cov lus yuav qhia koj tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim. saib cov duab.

Tom qab ua tiav kev sau ntawv, koj yuav pom 'FF' uas cim qhov hloov tshiab lossis tshem tawm ROM hloov mus rau yam koj li program lossis hex file muaj. Qhov loj lossis tus naj npawb ntawm bytes uas koj cov ntaub ntawv nyob hauv ROM kuj tseem paub rau koj los ntawm kev saib ntawm lub vijtsam no, uas qhia koj qhov tseeb ROM cov ntsiab lus ntawm koj lub hom phiaj nti uas koj flashed tam sim no.

Cov kauj ruam pov thawj kuj tseem ua tiav los ntawm kev nyeem cov nti, raws li qhov teeb tsa peb tau ua hauv thawj kauj ruam. Qhov no tau pom hauv cov lus hais tias kev txheeb xyuas kuj ua tiav.

Kauj Ruam 5: FUSES: Yuav Teeb Li Cas Hauv EXtreme Burner

Thaum koj tshaj tawm Nyeem tag nrho cov fuses tau nyeem los ntawm cov nti. Ntawd yog thawj daim duab qhia fuses.jpg.

Tam sim no tej zaum koj yuav tsum hloov lawv mus rau lwm yam. Cov fuses suav nrog 4 lub thawv hauv TAB kawg ntawm koj lub eXtreme Burner screen. Namely LOW FUSE BYTE, HIGH FUSE BYTE, EXTENDED FUSE BYTE, LOCK FUSE BYTE thiab CALIBRATION BYTE. nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim lawv tau qhia.

Koj tuaj yeem yooj yim siv ONLINE lub tshuab xam zauv fuse thiab sau lawv. Zoo li ib qho ntawm

eleccelerator.com/fusecalc/fusecalc.php?

Lossis koj tuaj yeem siv eXtreme burner los ua nws rau koj. offline nws tus kheej txhua lub sijhawm: Xaiv los ntawm daim ntawv teev npe uas tshwm thaum koj nyem rau ntawm DETAILS khawm uas muaj nyob hauv qab txhua hom fuse byte. Tsuas yog ob npaug nyem rau ib kab hauv DETAILS screen thiab saib nws hloov pauv los ntawm SET mus rau CLEARED thiab toggle nws lub xeev nrog koj tus nas nias ntawm txhua kab. Fuse Byte hauv lub npov saum toj no nws yuav hloov raws li.

Yog tias koj xav tsis thoob "dab tsi heck yog fuses" thiab "lawv ua dab tsi"? Nyeem qhov sau zoo no:

www.instructables.com/id/Avr-fuse-basics-Running-an-avr-with-an-external-cl/

Kauj Ruam 6: Teeb Fuses Siv EXtreme Burner Fuse Calculator

Koj tuaj yeem pom Cov Lus Qhia ntxaws uas tshwm rau txhua qhov fuse bytes (LOW, HIGH, EXTENDED, LOCK, thiab Calibration). Calibration byte yuav tsum tsis hloov pauv li nws pom cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas ntsuas byte hauv AVR uas siv rau sab hauv RC oscillator. LOCK byte feem ntau yog FF nkaus xwb, (tsis tham hauv cov duab saum toj no) raws li koj yuav tsis raug kaw lub Flash lossis EEPROM thaum nyob rau theem kawm. Koj yuav hloov pauv LOW, HIGH thiab EXTENDED bytes. Ceev faj!

Yog tias koj hloov SPIEN me ntsis rau 1 (lub xeev tsis tau npaj tseg yog 1 hauv AVR microcontrollers) koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus nrog koj lub nti siv USBASP lossis ib tus programmer! Lub xeev tsis raug kuj tseem pom hauv koj lub vijtsam rau txhua qhov fuse me ntsis. Qhov no ceeb toom koj tias SPIEN lub neej yeej ib txwm 0 (lub xeev txoj haujlwm) tso cai rau koj siv hom SPI rau ISP cov phiaj xwm. Debug-xaim lossis DW me ntsis ib txwm tshuav 1 (tsis tau npaj tseg) thaum SPIEN tau teeb tsa rau 0. Qhov no yog nws lub xeev tsis ua haujlwm ib yam nkaus. Tsis tas li, hauv Kev Txuas Ntxiv Fuse 'Tus Kheej Txoj Haujlwm Pabcuam yuav tsum yog' 1 '(tsis tau npaj ua ntej) yog tias koj siv koj lub USB-ASP los ua haujlwm rau koj lub hom phiaj nti (tsis siv bootloader ROM zoo li hauv ARDUINO).

Koj tuaj yeem hloov CLOCK cov khoom (3 tus lej) los xaiv sab hauv RC lossis sab nrauv. Kuv ib txwm tso nws rau sab hauv RC uas tso cai rau koj kom tau txais 2 tus pin ntxiv uas tso tawm sab nrauv siv los ua PORT pins rau koj cov phiaj xwm AVR. Feem ntau xav tau siv sab nrauv thaum koj xav tau lub sijhawm raug siab hauv koj txoj haujlwm. Rau cov neeg kawm sab hauv RC txaus.

Feem ntau thaum koj khom ntawm qee qhov kev sib txuas fuse koj yuav tsis hloov nws. Nws yuav yog ib zaug. Koj yuav tsuas yog nyem lub ROM lossis qee zaum EEPROM ib yam nkaus. Rau Kev Nyuaj Siab EEPROM cais.eep cov ntaub ntawv tau tsim los ntawm koj li WINAVR / ATMEL studio yog tias txhua qhov koj txoj haujlwm siv EEPROM khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Txwv tsis pub EEPROM tsis siv, sau nrog 'FF' cov ntaub ntawv uas qhia tias 'TSIS MUAJ DATA xeev' ntawm EEPROM.

Kauj Ruam 7: Tus Nqi Kawg ntawm Fuse Khoom

Tom qab teeb tsa tag nrho Fuse cov khoom, thiab kaw DETAILS cov thawv uas koj siv, koj tuaj yeem pom tus nqi ntawm Fuse cov khoom raws li tau suav los ntawm txoj haujlwm (saib daim duab). Txhua yam uas tseem tshuav yog muab "Sau Fuses" siv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov. Thiab saib cov lus uas qhia txog kev sau tau zoo. Tom qab ntawd, koj tseem tuaj yeem Nyeem TXHUA TXHUA los ntawm cov ntawv qhia zaub mov thiab tshawb xyuas yog tias cov fuses nyeem hauv TAB kawg ntawm lub vijtsam hlawv ua ke nrog qhov koj xav sau rau lub nti. (Fuse pov thawj).

Koj yuav pom tias thaum pib ntawm Phau Ntawv Qhia no thaum peb tau nyeem NYEEM FUSES, lub vijtsam qhia tib yam FUSE qhov tseem ceeb uas peb pom ntawm no! Tias yog vim cov no yog cov fuses kuv nquag siv thiab tsis tshua hloov lawv ib zaug kuv teeb tsa lawv hauv kuv MCU, tshwj tsis yog kuv hloov qhov zaus ntawm 1 Mhz txog 4Mhz rau qee qhov haujlwm. AVR tuaj yeem teeb tsa rau 20Mhz siab tshaj plaws (qee cov chips tsuas yog nce txog 16Mhz). Qhov zaus koj teeb tsa rau F_cpu kuj tseem nyob ntawm qhov Voltage koj muab cov nti nrog! Piv txwv li yog tias koj lub nti ua haujlwm los ntawm 1.8V ntawm Vcc txog 5.5V ntawm Vcc (cov ntaub ntawv xa mus) koj yuav tsis cia siab tias yuav khiav koj Chip ntawm 20 mhz yog tias koj muab tsuas yog 1.8V rau nws! koj tab tom cia siab ntau dhau los ntawm nws! Ib lub rooj hauv cov ntaub ntawv qhia koj ntawm qhov voltage qhov freq saum toj ntawm tus lej twg. Qhov ntau dua koj qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm nti, ntau dua cov cua sov thiab ntau lub zog nws siv. Xav txog Zaus Zoo li Lub plawv dhia ntawm tus tsiaj. Hummingbird nrog lub siab hnov suab yuav muaj lub zog hlawv ntau dua ib feeb piv rau Whale lossis ntxhw nrog lub plawv dhia qis dua! Tab sis tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem ua ntau yam ntxiv hauv lub sijhawm luv. MCU zoo ib yam nkaus.

Kauj ruam 8: Ua tiav

Tam sim no koj tau ua tiav txhua cov kauj ruam hauv eXtreme burner, koj tau nyeem lub nti ROM, koj tau qhib HEX Cov Ntaub Ntawv thiab ua rau nws ntsaws rau hauv lub nti thiab txheeb xyuas qhov nyem yog OK, koj kuj tau kawm paub teeb tsa lub fuses thiab nyem lawv rau lub nti.

Yog tias koj muaj lus nug, kuv yuav zoo siab los teb lossis hloov kho cov lus qhia kom pom meej dua.

Rau qee cov chips koj yuav pom nws nkag mus ploj lawm hauv cov ntawv xaiv xaiv cov npe hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov. Lossis koj yuav ntsib kev sau yuam kev thiab txheeb xyuas qhov ua yuam kev. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no thov nyeem kuv lwm Cov Lus Qhia "Hacking eXtreme Burner" los daws qhov teeb meem.

Zoo siab programming.