DIY Pheej Yig thiab Ruaj Ntseg Laser Engraver: 15 Kauj Ruam (nrog Duab)

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:27

Hauv cov lus qhia no kuv yuav qhia koj li cas kuv ua kuv tus kheej DIY laser engraver rau pheej yig heev. Tsis tas li feem ntau ntawm cov khoom tau khaws los ntawm cov khoom qub los yog pheej yig heev. Nov yog qhov haujlwm txaus nyiam heev rau txhua tus nyiam siv hluav taws xob. Tus kws kos no yuav tuaj yeem sau ntoo, duab los qhia, ntawv nplaum yas thiab lwm yam.

Yog tias cov lus qhia no pab koj txhua txoj hauv kev los ua koj tus kheej lub tshuab laser, faib koj txoj haujlwm nrog kuv. uas yuav ua rau kuv zoo siab tshaj.

Kauj Ruam 1: Yuav Tsum Muaj Cov Khoom/ Cov Khoom thiab Cov Cuab Yeej

• 2x - DVD qub tsav rau khaws cia lub tshuab tsav lub cav.
• 1x - GRBL ntaub thaiv npog v4 (tuaj yeem siv lwm yam ntxiv).
• 2x - A4988 tus tsav tsheb tsav tsheb.
• 1x - 250 mw 650 nm laser nrog lub lens kho tau (los ntawm banggood.com)
• 12v 2-2.5 Amps fais fab mov.
• Blank pcb rau ua laser tsav Circuit Court.
• Txiv neej thiab Poj niam headers.
• 1x - 47 ohm resistor.
• 1x- 100k ohm resistor.
• 1x - IRFZ44N mosfet rau kev hloov pauv laser.
• Qee cov hlau nplaum neodymium.
• Acrylic ntawv.
• M3 screws thiab ceev.
• Laser tsom iav kev nyab xeeb.
• 1x - Arduino Nano.

TOOLS YUAV TSUM:

• Laum tshuab.
• Kub kua nplaum phom.
• Pom rau txiav acrylic.
• Cov ntaub ntawv kom tiav.
• Rooj vise.
• Ntsia tus tsav tsheb Phillips taub hau thiab lub taub hau ncaj.
• Soldering hlau.

Kauj Ruam 2: Khaws Stepper Mechasnism thiab Neodymium Magnets

Yuav tsum muaj ob lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob rau x thiab y axis feem uas tuaj yeem khaws tau los ntawm ob qho siv DVD tsav. Khaws cov txheej txheem stepper thiab cov hlau nplaum neodymium yog qhov yooj yim dua. Koj tuaj yeem khaws nws tau yooj yim los ntawm kev qhib lub cd tsav siv Philips lub taub hau ntsia hlau.

Nco ntsoov tias koj tsis ua puas ib feem cuam tshuam nrog txoj haujlwm thaum khaws cov khoom xav tau los ntawm DVD tsav.

Yog tias koj tsis paub nrog hoe los ua qhov no, Kuv yuav tso qhov txuas ntawm YouTube video uas qhia pom yuav ua li cas thiaj khaws tau cov ntu.

Kauj Ruam 3: Ua Lub Hauv Paus rau Lub Tshuab

Txhawm rau ua lub hauv paus Kuv siv 4mm pob tshab acrylic ntawv. Qhov loj ntawm daim ntawv acrylic yog 9in x 6.6in kwv yees.

Tam sim no peb yuav tau tsim peb cov sawv ntsug rau nce lub y axis nrog cov acrylic puag no.

Tawm 1in los ntawm sab saum toj thiab 1.5in los ntawm sab thiab tso tus txheej txheem stepper rau ntawm lub hauv paus. Tam sim no khij lub qhov sib xws thiab laum lawv txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau y axis stepper mechanism.

Cov kev ntsuas no tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb. koj tuaj yeem siv koj tus kheej qhov chaw raws li koj xav tau.

Tsis tas li kuv tau teeb tsa lub hauv paus no nrog 4 cov roj hmab roj hmab los kom lub hauv paus ruaj khov rau hauv av lossis txhua qhov chaw nws tso.

Kauj Ruam 4: Txheeb xyuas Stepper Chev thiab thaiv

• DVD stepper motors yog bipolar stepper motors muaj ob coils thiab 4 xov hlau.
• Peb yuav tsum txheeb xyuas cov xov hlau ntawm cov kauj 1 thiab 2.
• Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas Stepper lub cev muaj zog kauj, peb siv lub ntsuas ntsuas txuas mus ntxiv uas yuav qhia peb lub teeb ntawm ob lub xov hlau tau txiav txim siab ntawm tib lub kauj.
• Raws li peb cov grbl ntaub thaiv npog yog plaub tus txiv neej lub taub hau uas thaiv yog raws li hauv qab no.

1A 1B 2B 2A

Qhov no qhia tau tias 1A & 1B yog ib feem ntawm cov kauj 1 thiab 2A & 2B yog ib feem ntawm cov kauj thib ob

NCO TSEG - Cov duab rau txhua tus txheej txheem raug muab yog li xyuas kom koj ua tib zoo saib nws uas yuav ua rau nkag siab yooj yim dua

Kauj Ruam 5: Ua Lub Hauv Paus Zoo Tshaj Plaws

• Txhawm rau ua lub platform rau kev kos duab Kuv tab tom yuav siv qee qhov 2 hli nyias daim ntawv acrylic daim ntawm qhov loj 40mmx22, 5mm.
• Kuv yuav siv tsob ntoo zoo ib yam ntawm cov saum toj no kom kuv tuaj yeem tsim qhov siab ntawm aboult 6 hli.
• Tam sim no txuas cov khoom ua ke ib qho los ntawm ib sab saum toj ntawm lwm qhov los ntawm kev siv qee qhov kub gluie.
• Thaum tag nrho txhua yam tau glued nws yuav tsum tau txuas nrog lub hauv paus ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb tsav tsheb.
• Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias muaj qhov chaw tsim nyog ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb tsav tsheb thiab lub hauv paus uas peb yuav txhim kho.
• Rau txiv neej

Kauj Ruam 6: Ua Tus Qauv rau Y Axis

• Txhawm rau sawv ntsug rau y axis thiab tsim qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab lub hauv paus Kuv siv plaub qhov sib txawv uas kuv tau ua los ntawm kev txiav tus cwj mem siv rab hniav. Qhov ntev ntawm cov pacers uas peb xav tau yog kwv yees. 25mm uas yuav tsum txaus rau tsim chav txaus nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv paus thiab cov txheej txheem.
• Tam sim no siv m3 cov ntsia hlau ntxig rau lawv los ntawm hauv qab acrylic puag raws li qhia hauv daim duab.
• Tam sim no los ntawm kev siv qee lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws ntawm ob qho saum toj no thiab hauv qab lub tshuab, ruaj ntseg y axis stepper mechanism los ntawm kev siv cov txiv ntoo
• Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov ntsia hlau raug nyab xeeb

Kauj Ruam 7: Ua Tus Qauv rau X Axis

• Tom qab ua qhov kev tshawb fawb hauv paus rau y axis, nws tam sim no tig los ua lub hauv paus rau X Axis.
• Txhawm rau ua tus qauv rau X Axis kuv tab tom siv cov ntawv hlau ntawm 1.5 hli tuab. Cov khoom yog stainless hlau.
• Koj tuaj yeem tau txais nws los ntawm cov khoom seem.
• Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv lwm cov ntaub ntawv zoo li lub kaum sab xis aluminium thiab lwm yam.
• Rau kev sawv ntsug peb yuav xav tau ob tus nqi los ntawm cov ntawv hlau no ntawm qhov dav 30 hli txhua. Yog li los ntawm kev siv lub ntsuas ntsuas ruaj khov peb yuav kos kab.
• Tom qab qhov no peb yuav tsum kho qhov no ntawm 90 ° ntawm qhov deb ntawm 80 hli rau ob qho tib si ntawm cov hlau hlau.
• Tam sim no txhua yam uas xav tau yog txiav cov kab no thiab khoov nws ntawm 90 °
• Txog kev txiav cov kab koj yuav xav tau qee yam cuab yeej yog li ntawm koj muaj lub rooj cob qhia uas yuav zoo dua koj tuaj yeem nrhiav kev pab los ntawm ib tus neeg uas yog tus tswv haujlwm.
• Tom qab txiav kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntawv hlau tau ua tiav kom ntseeg tau tias nws tsis ua mob rau leej twg.
• Txhawm rau khoov cov kab ntawv koj tuaj yeem ntes cov khoom ua haujlwm hauv lub rooj vise thiab los ntawm kev siv rauj koj tuaj yeem khoov nws tiag tiag ntawm 90 °
• Tsuas yog xyuas seb qhov khoov yog 90 ° lossis tsis yog los ntawm kev siv cov txheej xwm txheej.
• Kev khoov tsis raug yuav tsuas yog nce koj txoj haujlwm yog li cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum ua tiav.

Kauj Ruam 8: Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

• Nov yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm txoj haujlwm.
• Rau kev siv lub tshuab peb yuav xav tau lub hwj chim ntawm 12v 2 - 2.5 Amps.
• Peb yuav tsum teeb tsa Arduino Nano thiab 2 A4988 tus tsav tsheb ntawm CNC GRBL ntaub thaiv npog v4 kom raug raws li qhia hauv daim duab.
• Yog tias kev sib dhos tsis raug thiab muab khoom siv nws yuav ua rau cov tsav tsheb tsis zoo lossis tus tswj hwm lub microcontroller.
• Tom qab kev sib dhos kom raug ntawm cov tsav tsheb thiab Nano peb yuav tsum tau txuas nws nrog lub hwj chim thiab lub pc thiab ntsuas seb lub axis txav mus raws qhov kev coj ua lossis tsis.
• Hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej thaum kuv sim daim ntaub thaiv tsis teb rau kuv cov lus txib los ntawm laser GRBL software.
• Tom qab ntawd kuv tau txheeb xyuas cov kev sib txuas ntawm daim ntaub thaiv nrog siv rau daim duab qhia chaw uas kuv pom hauv internet.

NCO TSEG - Muaj kev tsim khoom tsis raug nrog kuv daim ntaub thaiv. Txog kev kho kuv sim tib yam nrog kuv cov phooj ywg daim thaiv thiab pom tias nws ib yam nkaus. Yog li kuv rov ua dua cov kauj ruam thiab kev taw qhia ntawm A4988 ntawm X thiab Y axis feem.

Tom qab siv cov kauj ruam thiab qhia cov pins dua kuv muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm x thiab y axis zoo kawg nkaus

Kauj Ruam 9: Schematic rau Laser Hloov Circuit

• Lub laser tau hloov pauv los ntawm kev siv n channel mosfet Irfz44.
• Tus lej pin 11 ntawm arduino Nano txuas nrog Lub Rooj vag ntawm mosfet los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tau qhia hauv kab lus.
• Lub laser ua haujlwm nrog 5 volts yog li LM7805 tus tswj hluav taws xob tau siv los muab cov khoom siv.

Kauj Ruam 10: Ntxiv Roj Hmab Taw rau Lub Hauv Paus

• Txhawm rau ua kom cov qauv ruaj khov peb yuav tsum tau ntxiv qee cov ntaub qhwv roj hmab.
• Txog cov ntaub qhwv roj hmab Kuv tab tom siv daim ntawv tuab 3.5 hli ntawm cov roj hmab roj hmab thiab txiav plaub ntawm cov roj hmab ncig ntawm txoj kab uas hla 20mm.
• Tam sim no peb yuav tsum txuas cov roj hmab los rau hauv qab ntawm peb lub tshuab. Txhawm rau ua raws qhov no rau hauv paus peb yuav siv cov roj hmab hluavtaws nplaum FEVIBOND.
• Cov nplaum yuav tsum tau muab txuas rau ob qho tib si ntawm qhov chaw. Tom qab siv cov nplaum lo rau ntawm lub ncoo roj hmab rau lub hauv paus thiab cia nws qhuav kom ntev li 30 feeb.
• Ntxiv cov pawm no tsis tsim nyog tab sis nws yuav tsum pab thaum lub tshuab tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw ntxhib.
• Tsis tas li qhov no yuav tiv thaiv lub hauv paus acrylic los ntawm khawb.

Kauj Ruam 11: Stepper Motor Calibration and Steps/mm Calculation

• Rau calibrating txhua lub tshuab uas cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuab hluav taws xob xav tau qee qhov kev suav. Cov laij lej no txawv rau qhov sib txawv stepper motors.
• Yog li koj yuav tsum tau suav rau koj lub cav stepper.
• Cov kauj ruam/hli = Cov Kauj Ruam/Kev Hloov Kho * (micro kauj ruam ntawm a4988)
• Cov kauj ruam/Kev hloov pauv = 360/Lub kaum ntse ntse
• Rau kuv tus tsav tsheb, Steps/ Rev = 192
• Yog li ntawd, Kauj Ruam/hli = 192 * 1/16 = 12 Kauj Ruam/hli.
• Tam sim no qhov txiaj ntsig no tuaj yeem raug ntxiv hauv grbl teeb tsa ntawm laser grbl software.

Kauj Ruam 12: Tshaj Tawm GRBL Lub Tsev Qiv Ntawv thiab teeb tsa Laser GRBL

QHIA GRBL RAU ARDUINO -

• Txhawm rau ua lub tshuab no khiav peb yuav tsum tau xa cov tsev qiv ntawv grbl mus rau Arduino.
• Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm cov ntawv los ntawm qhov txuas no.
• github.com/grbl/grbl
• Tom qab rub tawm koj yuav tsum rho tawm cov ntawv.
• Tom qab muab rho tawm koj yuav tsum tau muab daim nplaub tshev tso rau hauv qhov chaw hauv qab no- Program files-> Arduino-> Libraries. Muab tshuaj txhuam rau hauv qhov chaw no.
• Tam sim no qhib Arduino lub tswv yim thiab txuas Arduino nano thiab xaiv qhov chaw nres nkoj raug. Tam sim no suav nrog lub tsev qiv ntawv grbl thiab xa nws mus rau Arduino.

Teeb tsa LASERGRBL SOFTWARE-

• Qhib LASERGRBL software thiab txuas Arduino rau lub PC.
• Nco ntsoov koj xaiv qhov raug baud tus nqi 11500.
• Tam sim no muab cov Circuit nrog 12v 2.5 Amps. Tom qab muab lub hwj chim muab ob qho tib si cov stepper motors yuav tsum tau muab xauv thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob pub dawb.
• Tam sim no nyem rau khawm txuas.
• Tam sim no Nyem rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv> Qhib cov ntawv> Xaiv cov ntawv uas koj xav kos> Nyem rau OK.
• Tam sim no koj ncan teeb duab raws li qhov koj xav tau. Hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej kuv tab tom siv vectorize cov duab thiab tsis siv qhov sau.

Kauj Ruam 13: Tsom ntsoov rau Laser thiab Pib rau Engrave

• Tam sim no peb yuav tsum tau teeb tsa lub laser ntawm x axis los ntawm kev siv qee cov kua nplaum kub.
• Tam sim no peb yuav tsum khaws cov haujlwm ua haujlwm hauv qab lub laser ntawm y platform uas peb tau tsim ua ntej.
• Tam sim no peb maj mam sim tig lub lens ntawm lub laser thiab sim ua kom nws tsom mus rau qhov nqaj.
• Nco ntsoov tias lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub teeb nqaj laser yuav tsum me me li sai tau.
• Thaum lub nqaj ntawm lub laser tsom mus kom txaus txhawm rau hlawv daim ua haujlwm koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm pom qee cov pa luam yeeb uas paub tseeb tias daim ua haujlwm tau pib hlawv.
• Kuv tau tso daim vis dis aus ntawm yuav ua li cas yog tias koj tsis paub meej.
• Thaum cov kauj ruam no ua tiav peb thaum kawg pib kos txhua yam peb xav tau.
• Rau kev kos duab thawj zaug kuv tab tom siv cov duab ntawm qee qhov duab yooj yim uas yuav qhia peb paub qhov tseeb ntawm lub tshuab.
• Tom qab qee qhov kev kos ntau dua thiab kho qhov system me ntsis los ntawm qhov me Kuv thaum kawg tau txais qee qhov huv thiab raug.

Kauj Ruam 14: Cov Ntaub Ntawv Uas Muaj Peev Xwm

1. Cov duab los qhia.
2. Hardboard.
3. MDF.
4. Ntoo.
5. Cov yas tsis muaj zog.

Cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem txiav.

1. Ntawv.
2. Vinyl cov ntawv nplaum.

Kauj Ruam 15: Sau Yeeb Yaj Kiab

Nov yog qee qhov kev kos duab video sijhawm rau koj!