Infra-Red Proximity Sensor Siv LM358: 5 Cov Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:27

Nov yog qhov qhia paub txog kev ua IR qhov sib thooj sensor

Kauj ruam 1: Saib Video

Ua ntej peb mus txuas ntxiv, Kuv Pom Zoo kom koj saib tag nrho cov vis dis aus ua ntej. Muaj koj yuav pom tag nrho cov txheej txheem hais txog kev ua qhov yooj yim Circuit Court ntawm lub khob cij. Mus ntsib kuv tus channel 'ElectroMaker' Xav paub ntau ntxiv.

Kauj ruam 2: Ua tibzoo saib Schematic

Kauj Ruam 3: Txiav Qhov Yuav Tsum Muaj

IC1- Txhua OP-Amp IC Yuav ua haujlwm zoo li LM324, LM358, CA3130 thiab lwm yam (Peb tab tom siv nws los ua tus sib piv)

R1- 100K Ω Potentiometer/ Hloov pauv Resistor

R2 - 100 Ω - 1K Ω

R3- 10K Ω

L1- Infra-Red LED (IR LED) (IR Transmitter)

L2- Infra-Red Receiver (IR Photo-Diode) (IR Sensor)

L3- Ib txwm LED (Ib qho xim, Xim tsis muaj teeb meem tiag)

B1- 6 txog 12 Volts DC

Yuav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog tus nqi pheej yig dua thiab xa khoom dawb: utsource.com

Kauj Ruam 4: Lub Circuit Court Ua Haujlwm Li Cas?

Zoo, Peb lub hom phiaj hauv kab lus no yog ua kom pom lub teeb LED lossis Buzzer thaum twg muaj teeb meem los ze rau lub sensor, yog li ua ntej peb muaj Infra-Red Photodiode uas nws lub davhlau ya nyob twg tsis zoo txuas nrog txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau thiab nws zoo rau lub dav hlau tsis zoo Ntawm 10K Ω resistor. Thaum twg lub teeb taws infrared poob rau ntawm photodiode, ib qho me me ntawm tam sim no tau tsim uas yog qhov tsawg heev hauv qhov loj me nyob qhov twg hauv Micro-Amps ntau. Tom qab ntawd peb xav tau qee lub teeb ci infrared, txoj cai? Yog li peb siv infrared nrog qhov txwv tam sim no tiv thaiv peb muab qee lub teeb infrared, yog li cas tshwm sim yog thaum muaj teeb meem lossis ib yam khoom twg los ze rau lub teeb infrared, lub teeb infrared tsoo cov khoom lossis teeb meem uas yog nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm infrared LED thiab cuam tshuam rov qab mus rau infrared photodiode uas tom qab ntawd hloov nws mus rau qee qhov tam sim no (hauv micro-amps ntau) thiab raws li peb muaj 10K Ω resistor los ntawm qhov davhlau ya nyob twg zoo ntawm photodiode rau GND, tam sim no me me tau hloov pauv mus rau qhov hluav taws xob thiab uas yog xam los ntawm txoj cai ohms (V = IR) qhov twg R Tsis tu ncua 10K Ω thiab kuv uas tam sim no hloov pauv nrog cov teeb pom kev tsis zoo poob rau nws. Cia peb hais thaum qhov deb b/w IR LED thiab qhov teeb meem yog 2 cm, tam sim no tsim los ntawm photodiode yog 200 micro-amps (tsis yog tus nqi tseeb, nws yuav txawv) yog li qhov hluav taws xob yuav yog 0.0002 Amps (200 micro-amps) * 10000Ω (10KΩ) = 2 Volts. Qhov ntau infrared lub teeb yuav poob siab dua tam sim no tsim los ntawm photodiode thiab qhov ntawd txhais tau tias siab dua qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov dav dav zoo ntawm photodiode thiab Vice-Versa. Tom qab ntawd peb muaj Potentiometer/ Variable resistor uas ua raws li Voltage divider. Cov mis los laij Vout = (Rbottom/ Rbottom + Rtop * Vin) yog li thaum lub hwj chim muaj zog ntau dua ntawm GND (Cov tsheb nqaj hlau tsis zoo) uas tseem txhais tau tias kev tiv thaiv ntawm Vcc (Cov tsheb nqaj hlau zoo) ntau dua ntawm GND, tom qab ntawd qhov hluav taws xob ntawm tus pin nruab nrab ntawm cov potentiometer (Vout) yuav siab thiab Vice-Versa. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias peb tuaj yeem hloov pauv peb qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm los ntawm 0 txog 9 Volts (Qhov siab tshaj plaws yog peb qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob nws tus kheej). Tam sim no peb muaj ob qhov hluav taws xob, ib qho los ntawm photodiode thiab lwm qhov los ntawm qhov sib txawv resistor (potentiometer) yog li peb tuaj yeem siv ob qhov hluav taws xob no ua rau LED li cas? Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj yog los sib piv ob qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob. Thiab peb yuav ua nws los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hu ua 'Comparator' uas tsuas yog op-amp yam tsis muaj lus tawm tswv yim txuas b/w nws tau tso tawm thiab tsis hloov pauv cov tswv yim (ib tus cim nrog + kos npe), nws ua haujlwm sib piv. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, Yog tias qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov tsis hloov pauv (ib qho cim nrog +) siab dua qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv (ib qho cim nrog-), cov zis yuav nce siab (tso zis qhov hluav taws xob zoo) thiab Lwm-Versa. Yog li peb txuas tus pin nruab nrab ntawm lub hwj chim (kho qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm) Hloov pauv cov tswv yim (Pin 2 ntawm LM358 uas peb tab tom siv) thiab lub davhlau ya nyob twg zoo ntawm photodiode (qhov hluav taws xob nyob ntawm lub teeb taws teeb) mus rau qhov tsis hloov pauv (Pin 3) Yog li thaum twg qhov hluav taws xob ntawm Tus Pin 3 tau txais siab dua tus Pin 2, Tus Pin 1 (tso tawm ntawm tus sib piv) mus siab dua (Cov zis hluav taws xob yuav yog koj qhov hluav taws xob tawm nws tus kheej + qhov hluav taws xob poob qis uas me me thiab tsis tshua pom, thiab thaum Pin 2 yog siab dua Pin3, qhov tso tawm mus qis (0V) Tam sim no koj paub vim li cas peb thiaj hu lub hwj chim no los ua kev tswj hwm qhov kev nkag siab. Yog tias koj muaj kev ua xyem xyav txog qee yam, Thov hu rau peb hauv kab lus ntawm peb cov vis dis aus.

Kauj Ruam 5: Phau Ntawv Qhia Troubleshooting

Yog tias koj lub Circuit tsis ua haujlwm, Ua raws cov theem hauv qab no. Yog tias nws tsis pab, Thov hu rau peb hauv nqe lus ntawm peb cov vis dis aus.

1. Txheeb xyuas IC (OP-AMP) (COMPARATOR)

2. Xyuas kom koj tau txuas cov pins ntawm cov neeg sib piv txoj hauv kev

3. Xyuas kom lwm qhov kev sib txuas tau zoo

4. Nco ntsoov tias koj li Photodiode tsis ua li cas, Sim siv lwm tus

5. Xyuas kom tseeb tias koj IR LED Yog qhov zoo los ntawm kev txuas nws rau ib lub roj teeb nrog rau 1K OHM Series tus tiv thaiv thiab pom nws los ntawm lub koob yees duab digital (Nws zoo li xim liab thiab tsis pom los ntawm qhov muag liab qab)

6. Nco ntsoov tias koj lub hwj chim ntsuas hluav taws xob txuas nrog txoj hauv kev

7. Yog tias koj lub LED LOSSIS BUZZER Blinks lossis suab tsis tu ncua ntau dua li tig koj lub hwj chim ntau dua rau qhov muaj zog zoo

8. Ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj lub zog txuas tau txuas nrog txoj hauv kev, Koj lub Circuit Court yuav raug puas tsuaj los ntawm kev nthuav tawm nws mus rau qhov siab lossis rov qab tsis zoo.