Chaw Nres Tsheb: Taw Qhia: 23 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:27

Lub Tsheb Nres Tsheb Nres Sensor Siv IR Transceiver thiab LM324 tus pabcuam tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj lub tsheb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj thaum nres tsheb rov qab. Nws qhia qhov deb ntawm lub tsheb los ntawm ib yam khoom thiab tsa lub tswb thaum nws mus txog ze rau ntawm phab ntsa lossis yam khoom thiab yuav tsum tau nres. Hauv Cov Lus Qhia no, Kuv tau tsim PCB txheej txheem ntawm lub ntsuas cua siv CAD Soft EAGLE. Kuv kuj tau sim nws lub Circuit Court ntawm lub khob cij. PCB tsim hauv EAGLE yog txheej txheem ob kauj ruam. Ua ntej koj tsim koj lub tswv yim, tom qab ntawd koj teeb tsa PCB raws li cov txheej txheem ntawd.

Kauj Ruam 1: YUAV UA LI CAS

CAD Soft EAGLE- EAGLE yog cov ntawv sau hluav taws xob tsim kho tshuab (EDA) daim ntawv thov nrog cov duab kos, luam tawm Circuit Board (PCB) kev teeb tsa, pib-router thiab khoos phis tawj pab tsim khoom (CAM).

Kauj ruam 2: DOWNLOAD, INSTALL AND RUN

Nov yog qhov txuas rau rub tawm dawb: https://www.autodesk.com/products/eagle/free-downloadGrab qhov hloov tshiab tsis ntev los no uas haum koj lub operating system (software muaj rau Windows, Mac thiab Linux). EAGLE teeb tsa ib yam li ib qho haujlwm qub, nws yuav rho tawm nws tus kheej thiab tom qab ntawd nthuav qhia koj nrog cov kab lus sib tham los teeb tsa kev teeb tsa. Tom qab kev teeb tsa, koj yuav nthuav tawm nrog lub qhov rais, qhov uas koj yuav tsum tau tso cai rau software eagle. Thawj zaug koj qhib EAGLE, koj yuav nthuav tawm nrog tswj vaj huam sib luag. Ntawm no, muaj ntau lub cim, uas tuaj yeem siv rau tsim txoj haujlwm tshiab, tswj Tsev Qiv Ntawv, ntxiv cov tsev qiv ntawv tshiab thiab ntau ntxiv.

Kauj ruam 3: Rub tawm Cov Tsev Qiv Ntawv Yuav Tsum Tau

Tam sim no, koj tau teeb tsa los tsim cov phiaj xwm hauv CAD Soft EAGLE.

Piv txwv li: Hauv Phau Ntawv Qhia no, peb rub lub tsev qiv ntawv LM324

(rub tawm dawb ntawm LM324)

componentsearchengine.com/LM324N/Texas+In…

Kauj Ruam 4: Tsim Txoj Haujlwm

Tam sim no, peb yuav pib tsim txoj haujlwm tshiab. ua ntej, mus rau lub vaj huam sib luag tswj, nyem rau ntawm cov phiaj xwm icon. Tam sim no, nyem rau ntawm cov npe uas koj xav kom txoj haujlwm nyob (los ntawm lub neej ntawd EAGLE tsim "eagle" cov npe hauv koj lub tsev ntawv), thiab xaiv "Project tshiab". Tom qab ntawd, lub npe koj qhov project tsim tshiab nplaub tshev. Txog rau txoj haujlwm no, peb tab tom ua lub Parking sensor. Yog li ntawd, lub npe yuav yog "Parking_Sensor".

Kauj Ruam 5: Tsim Schematic

Tam sim no, peb yuav tsim Schematic rau peb qhov project hu ua "Parking_Sensor". Txhawm rau ntxiv cov phiaj xwm rau cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm, nyem rau ntawm daim nplaub tshev, mus rau "Tshiab" thiab xaiv "Schematic". Tam sim no, koj yuav raug nthuav qhia nrog tus kws kho schematic.

Kauj Ruam 6: Ntxiv Tshooj rau Schematic

Ntawm no, peb yuav ntxiv cov khoom siv siv ADD cov cuab yeej, ntxiv cov ncej, ntxiv lub zog tawm tswv yim, ntxiv cov txuas txuas. Schematic tsim yog txheej txheem ob kauj ruam. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum ntxiv tag nrho cov ntu rau hauv daim ntawv schematic, tom qab ntawd cov ntu yuav tsum tau txuas ua ke.

Kauj Ruam 7: Siv ADD Tool

Cov cuab yeej ADD - (nyob rau sab laug toolbar, lossis hauv qab Kho kom raug cov ntawv qhia zaub mov) - yog yam koj yuav siv los tso txhua qhov kev tivthaiv ntawm cov txheej txheem. Cov cuab yeej ADD qhib lub tsev qiv ntawv navigator, qhov uas koj tuaj yeem nthuav dav cov tsev qiv ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab saib cov ntu nws tuav. Nrog rau ib feem xaiv ntawm sab laug, saib ntawm sab xis ib nrab yuav tsum hloov kho kom pom ob lub cim txheej txheem ntawm ib feem thiab nws pob. Ntawm no, peb yuav ntxiv daim ntawv teev cov khoom siv: Tshooj Lus Qhia | Tsev qiv ntawv |

LM324P | Texas instruments |

LED | Cov Adafruit |

10K Resistors | Adafruit |

1K Resistors | Adafruit |

330 hmo | Adafruit |

470 hmo | Adafruit |

15K | Cov Adafruit |

4.7K | Cov Adafruit |

Duab diode | SIEMENS |

Kauj Ruam 8: Ntxiv Tus Ncej

Lub thav duab tsis yog ib feem tseem ceeb rau dab tsi yuav yog PCB txheej txheej kawg, tab sis nws ua rau koj cov phiaj xwm saib huv thiab koom ua ke. Cov thav duab uas koj xav ntxiv, nws yuav tsum nyob hauv SparkFun-Aesthetics lub tsev qiv ntawv, thiab nws lub npe FRAME-LETTER. Nrhiav qhov ntawd los ntawm kev tshawb lossis tshawb nrhiav thiab ntxiv nws rau koj cov phiaj xwm. Tom qab xaiv ib feem uas koj xav ntxiv, nws yuav "ci" thiab pib ya ncig tom qab koj tus nas cursor. Txhawm rau tso ib feem, sab laug-nyem (ib zaug!). Tom qab tso ib feem, cov cuab yeej ntxiv yuav xav tias koj xav ntxiv lwm yam - lub thav duab tshiab yuav tsum pib ua raws koj tus cursor. Txhawm rau tawm ntawm hom-ntxiv los yog ntaus khiav tawm (ESC) ob zaug lossis tsuas yog xaiv lwm lub cuab yeej.

Kauj Ruam 9: Txuag thiab Txuag Ntau

Txhawm rau txuag ib qho mus rau Cov Ntaub Ntawv> Txuag, lossis tsuas yog nyem lub cim xiav xiav lub disk. Rau qhov haujlwm no, "Parking_Sensor".

Kauj Ruam 10: Ntxiv Lub Hwj Chim Tawm

Tom ntej no peb yuav ntxiv qhov sib txawv txhua qhov mob siab rau peb cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Siv cov cuab yeej ntxiv rau cov ntu no: Tshooj lus piav qhia | Tsev qiv ntawv |

3.5 hli Terminal thaiv | Adafruit |

VCCV | SparkFun-Aesthetics |

NQA | SparkFun-Kev Zoo Nkauj |

Kauj Ruam 11: Txuas Txuas Cov Qauv

Nrog txhua ntu ntxiv rau peb cov txheej txheem, nws yog lub sijhawm los xaim lawv ua ke. Peb yuav siv cov cuab yeej cuab tam vim tias nws ua haujlwm tau zoo dua ntawm kev txuas cov khoom siv.

Kauj Ruam 12: Siv NET Tool

Txhawm rau siv NET cov cuab yeej, yuj hla qhov kawg ntawm tus pin (kom ze li sai tau, nthuav dav yog tias koj yuav tsum tau), thiab sab laug-nyem ib zaug kom pib xaim. Tam sim no txoj kab ntsuab yuav tsum ua raws koj tus nas cursor ncig. Txhawm rau txiav qhov net, sab laug-nyem rau ntawm lwm tus pin lossis net. Pib routing koj Circuit Court tag nrho. Pib rov qab rau sab saud sab saud, thiab coj koj lub voj voog mus. Thaum twg cov net faib nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev taw qhia kev sib tshuam tau tsim. Qhov no qhia tau tias tag nrho peb qhov kev sib tshuam nets txuas nrog. Yog tias ob lub nets hla, tab sis tsis muaj kev sib tshuam, cov nets tsis txuas nrog. Tom qab ntawd pib ua koj lub voj voog tag nrho.

Kauj Ruam 13: Cov Npe thiab Tus Nqi

Txhua feem ntawm koj cov phiaj xwm yuav tsum muaj ob kab ntawv kho tau: lub npe thiab tus nqi. Ib feem tus nqi tso cai rau koj los txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov ntawd. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa tus tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, lossis lub peev xwm lub peev xwm.

Piv txwv li: Hauv Phau Ntawv Qhia no, Kuv tau teev npe thiab muab qhov txiaj ntsig yog:

LED1 - IR Transmitter

D1 --- IR Txais

R1--10K

R2-470E

R3--1K

R4--1K

R5--1K

R6--10K

R7--15K

R8--10K

R9--10K

R10--4.7K

R11--10K

R12--10K

R13-330E

Terminal Block-- Power_supply

Kauj Ruam 14: Hloov Koj Cov Qauv rau Hauv Pawg Txheej Txheem

Txhawm rau hloov koj cov txheej txheem rau PCB txheej txheem, ua qhov no:

1. Qhib koj cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm los ntawm Autodesk EAGLE Control Panel.

2. Thov saum koj lub interface, xaiv SCH/BRD sch-brd-icon. Qhov no yuav pib txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov txheej txheem PCB raws li cov khoom siv thiab txuas rau hauv koj cov phiaj xwm.

3. Select Yog tias koj tau txais cov lus ceeb toom hais tias cov ntaub ntawv.brd tsis muaj thiab koj xav tsim nws los ntawm koj cov phiaj xwm. Txhawm rau hloov los ntawm tus kws tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem mus rau pawg thawj coj saib xyuas cuam tshuam, tsuas yog nyem rau Generate/Switch to Board command - (nyob rau sab saum toj toolbar, lossis hauv qab Cov Ntawv qhia zaub mov) - uas yuav tsum ua tam sim tshiab, pawg thawj coj saib qhov rai qhib. Txhua qhov ntawm qhov koj ntxiv los ntawm cov phiaj xwm yuav tsum nyob ntawd, sib sau ua ke saum ib sab, npaj kom tau muab tso thiab hloov mus.

Kauj Ruam 15: Npaj Pawg Thawj Coj

Yog tias koj tsis tau ua dua, nyem rau Generate/Switch to Board icon hauv tus txheej txheem kho kom tsim tau tus qauv PCB tshiab raws li koj lub tswv yim:

Cov ntawv tshiab ntawm pawg thawj coj yuav tsum qhia tag nrho txhua feem ntawm koj cov phiaj xwm. Cov kab kub, hu ua Airwires, txuas nruab nrab ntawm cov pins thiab cuam tshuam txog kev sib txuas uas koj tau ua ntawm cov phiaj xwm. Yuav tsum muaj qhov tsaus muag, lub teeb grey qhia txog ntawm pawg thawj coj saib sab xis ntawm txhua ntu. Peb thawj txoj haujlwm hauv PCB txheej txheem no yuav npaj cov ntu, thiab tom qab ntawd txo qis thaj tsam ntawm peb cov txheej txheem PCB dimension. Cov nqi PCB feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog lub rooj tsav xwm loj, yog li pawg thawj coj saib me dua yog pawg thawj coj saib pheej yig dua.

Kauj Ruam 16: Hloov Chaw

Siv cov cuab yeej MOVE koj tuaj yeem pib txav cov khoom hauv lub thawv qhov ntev. Thaum koj tab tom txav chaw, koj tuaj yeem tig lawv los ntawm txoj cai-txhaj lossis hloov lub kaum sab xis hauv lub npov uas nyob ze saum toj. Txoj hauv kev koj npaj koj cov khoom muaj feem cuam tshuam loj npaum li cas yooj yim lossis nyuaj rau qib tom ntej yuav yog. Raws li koj tab tom txav, tig, thiab tso ib feem, muaj qee yam uas koj yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Tsis txhob sib tshooj ib feem: Txhua yam ntawm koj cov khoom siv xav tau qee qhov chaw ua pa. Cov ntsuab ntawm qhov xav tau qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tshem tawm ntawm lawv ib yam. Nco ntsoov cov hlua ntsuab tau nthuav tooj liab ntawm ob sab ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, yog tias tooj liab sib tshooj, cov kwj hla yuav hla thiab luv luv yuav tshwm sim. Tsawg qhov sib tshuam Airwires: Thaum koj txav chaw, pom tias Airwires txav nrog lawv li cas. Txwv tsis pub hla hla Airwires ntau npaum li koj tuaj yeem ua tau kom yooj yim dua nyob rau yav tom ntej. Thaum koj tab tom hloov chaw, ntaus RATSNEST khawm - kom Airwires rov suav dua. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua qhov kev tso kawm: Qee qhov yuav xav tau kev txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb thaum tso. Kev tso chaw nruj dua txhais tau tias yog pawg thawj coj saib me dua thiab pheej yig dua, tab sis nws tseem ua rau kev nyuaj dua.

Kauj Ruam 17: Txhim Kho Pawg Thawj Coj

Qhib Autorouter, tsis txhob txhawj xeeb txog lwm cov tab tam sim no, nyem Auto rau 1 sab saum toj. thiab N/A rau 16 hauv qab, tsuas yog nyem OK.

Tus autorouter yuav tsis tas yuav ua tiav txoj haujlwm, yog li nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nkag siab yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua tau cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kheej (ntxiv rau txoj hauv kev qhia zoo dua zoo dua). Tom qab khiav tus autorouter, kos rau hauv qab-sab laug xwm txheej lub thawv kom pom nws ua li cas. Yog tias nws hais lwm yam tshaj li "Ua kom zoo dua: 100% ua tiav", koj tseem muaj qee yam haujlwm ua. Mus rau Cov cim cim thiab nyem rau txheej sab saum toj, hauv qab, pawm, vias, tsis muaj kev txav thiab qhov ntev, tam sim no nyem thov thiab tom qab ntawd Tam sim no, sim tig txoj kab sib chaws ntawm 50mil 10mil. Tam sim no, koj yuav nthuav tawm nrog lub qhov rais raws li qhia hauv daim duab.

Muaj ntau qhov kev ua kom zoo dua thiab teeb tsa kom ua hauv autorouter. Yog tias koj xav khawb tob rau hauv qhov kev kawm, txiav txim siab txheeb xyuas EAGLE phau ntawv qhia uas tag nrho tshooj tau mob siab rau nws. Tom qab txhua qhov ua kom zoo tiav lawm. Mus rau lub cim zaub dua thiab ntaus TXHUA thiab tom qab ntawv thov thiab tom qab ntawd OK. Tag nrho koj cov khoom yuav pom rau koj.

Kauj Ruam 18: Kho Cov Txheej Txheem Dimension

Tam sim no hais tias cov ntu tau muab tso, peb tab tom pib tau txais lub tswv yim zoo ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm yuav zoo li cas. Tam sim no peb tsuas xav tau los txhim kho peb cov qauv txheej txheem. Koj tuaj yeem txav cov kab ntev uas twb muaj lawm, lossis tsuas yog pib los ntawm kos. Siv DELETE cov cuab yeej los tshem tawm tag nrho plaub ntawm kab kab. Tom qab ntawd siv WIRE cov cuab yeej los kos tus qauv tshiab. Ua ntej koj kos dab tsi tab sis, nce mus rau qhov kev xaiv bar thiab teeb txheej rau 20 Dimension. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav xav thim qhov dav me ntsis.

Kauj Ruam 19: Tiav Touches

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ua kom tiav koj txoj haujlwm zoo li:

• Ntxiv Copper pours
• Ntxiv Silkscreen

Tab sis ntawm no, Kuv tsis tau siv ib qho ntawm cov no. Tom qab qhov no, Kuv ncaj qha txav mus rau Export kauj ruam.

Kauj ruam 20: Export Schematic thiab Layout

Tua Eagle thiab qhib lub rooj saib xyuas ntawm koj qhov haujlwm.

Tua kab sib chaws tawm ntawm View-> Kab ntawv qhia zaub mov lossis siv qhov hais kom ua: "daim phiaj tawm".

Tua tawm txhua txheej tsuas yog cov uas koj xav luam tawm. Kuv nyiam pom txheej 1, 17, 18 thiab 20. Qhov ntawd yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, pawm, vias thiab qhov ntev. Yog tias koj lub rooj tsavxwm yog ob sab koj tsuas xav luam ib sab ntawm ib lub sijhawm.

Yog tias keeb kwm yav dhau yog dub peb yuav tsum ua kom nws dawb. Ua qhov no los ntawm Kev Xaiv-> Tus Neeg Siv Kev Sib Tham sib tham lossis siv qhov hais kom ua: “teeb tsa cov xim dawb; qhov rais; ".

File-> Export-> Duab.

Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv lo lus uas peb. Kuv nyiam siv hom ntawv.png

Txheeb xyuas Monochrome checkbox.

Hloov qhov kev daws teeb meem mus rau ntau yam ntawm koj lub vijtsam dpi. Lub vijtsam daws teeb meem hauv Windows yog 96 dpi yog li kuv ib txwm siv 555.

Nyem Ok kom xa cov duab.

Kauj ruam 21: Ua haujlwm

Qhov tau txais los ntawm IR tus txais tau nthuav dav los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm siab U2: A. Resistor R4 thiab C4 ua lub ncov ntsuas kom pom lub ncov ntawm qhov ua kom nrov nrov. Op-amp li Comparator: Op-amp muaj ob lub tswv yim (tsis hloov pauv thiab hloov pauv) thiab ib qho tso tawm. Cov zis ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm siab yog siab thaum tsis hloov pauv qhov hluav taws xob ntau dua li hloov qhov hluav taws xob. Cov zis hluav taws xob tsawg, thaum hloov qhov hluav taws xob ntau dua li qhov tsis hloov pauv qhov hluav taws xob. Hauv qhov Circuit Court saum toj no qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov tsis hloov pauv ntawm tus lej sib piv ua raws li qhov siv hluav taws xob thiab hloov pauv cov hluav taws xob ntawm cov sib piv tau muab piv nrog cov ntsuas hluav taws xob los tsim cov zis. Ntawm no resistors R8 rau R11 tau siv los teeb tsa qhov sib txawv siv hluav taws xob ntawm lawv qhov tsis hloov pauv tus pin. Cov tiv thaiv R12, R13 thiab R14 tau siv los tiv thaiv LED los ntawm cov hluav taws xob siab.

Kauj ruam 22: Txaus siab rau

Tom qab txhua qhov no, koj tau teeb tsa tag nrho. Tam sim no, koj tuaj yeem xa koj cov qauv mus rau lub vender rau kev tsim khoom.

Kauj Ruam 23: Cov ntawv thov

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv tsheb loj los nres tsheb kom nyab xeeb.

Peb tuaj yeem siv lub voj voog no los ntsuas qhov deb.

Peb kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv lub voj voog no ua IR Cov Kuaj Qib Qib Dej los ntawm kev hloov kho me ntsis.