97% Npaum DC rau DC Buck Converter [3A, Kho tau]: 12 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:26

Ib qho me me DC rau DC phaw hloov lub rooj tsavxwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntau daim ntawv thov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws tuaj yeem xa cov dej ntws mus txog 3A (2A txuas ntxiv yam tsis muaj cua sov). Hauv kab lus no, peb yuav kawm tsim kom muaj qhov me me, ua tau zoo, thiab pheej yig hloov pauv hloov pauv Circuit.

[1]: Kev Txheeb Xyuas Circuit

Daim duab 1 qhia txog daim duab qhia chaw ntawm lub cuab yeej. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog MP2315 cov kauj ruam nqis qis hloov pauv.

Kauj Ruam 1: Cov neeg ua tim khawv

Kab lus Source:

[2]:

[3]:

Kauj Ruam 2: Daim duab 1, Daim duab qhia chaw ntawm DC rau DC Buck Converter

Raws li MP2315 [1] cov ntaub ntawv: “MP2315 yog qhov ua tau zoo sib xws kho kho cov kauj ruam-nqis hloov pauv hloov pauv nrog lub zog hauv MOSFETs. Nws muab cov kev daws teeb meem kom ua tiav 3A cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv tam sim no hla cov khoom siv dav dav nrog rau kev thauj khoom zoo thiab kev tswj kab. MP2315 muaj kev ua haujlwm sib xyaw ua haujlwm kom ua haujlwm tau zoo dua qhov tso tawm tam sim no load ntau. Kev ua haujlwm tam sim no muab cov lus teb sai sai thiab ua kom lub voj ruaj khov. Kev tiv thaiv tag nrho muaj xws li OCP thiab kaw cua sov. " Tsawg RDS (ntawm) tso cai rau lub nti no los daws cov dej ntws siab.

C1 thiab C2 tau siv los txo cov suab nrov tawm suab. R2, R4, thiab R5 tsim txoj kev tawm tswv yim rau lub nti. R2 yog 200K multiturn potentiometer los kho qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm. L1 thiab C4 yog qhov tseem ceeb hloov pauv cov ntsiab lus. L2, C5, thiab C7 ua cov lim LC ntxiv uas kuv ntxiv los txo cov suab nrov thiab ripple. Qhov txiav tawm ntawm cov lim no nyob ib puag ncig 1KHz. R6 txwv qhov ntws tam sim no rau EN tus pin. Tus nqi R1 tau teeb tsa raws li cov ntawv teev tseg. R3 thiab C3 muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev pib ua haujlwm thiab txiav txim siab raws li cov ntawv teev tseg.

Daim duab 2 qhia txog kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj tawm cov phiaj xwm tam sim no. Qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau yuav luag txhua qhov hluav taws xob tawm tswv yim tau ua tiav nyob ib puag ncig 1A.

Kauj Ruam 3: Daim duab 2, Kev Ua Tau Zoo Vs Tawm Tawm Tam Sim No

[2]: PCB LayoutFigure 3 qhia txog PCB tsim qauv. Nws yog me me (2.1cm*2.6cm) ob txheej board.

Kuv tau siv SamacSys cov tsev qiv ntawv tiv toj (Cov cim cim thiab PCB hneev taw) rau IC1 [2] vim tias cov tsev qiv ntawv no dawb thiab tseem ceeb dua, lawv ua raws li IPC cov qauv kev lag luam. Kuv siv Altium Designer CAD software, yog li kuv tau siv SamacSys Altium plugin ncaj qha rau nruab cov khoom siv hauv tsev qiv ntawv [3]. Daim duab 4 qhia txog cov khoom xaiv. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav thiab teeb tsa/siv cov tsev qiv ntawv tsis sib xws ib yam nkaus.

Kauj Ruam 4: Daim duab 3, PCB Layout ntawm DC rau DC Buck Converter

Kauj Ruam 5: Daim duab 4, Xaiv Cheeb Tsam (IC1) Los ntawm SamacSys Altium Plugin

Nov yog qhov kev tshuaj xyuas zaum kawg ntawm PCB pawg thawj coj. Daim duab 5 thiab daim duab 6 qhia pom 3D ntawm PCB pawg thawj coj saib, los ntawm sab saum toj thiab hauv qab.

Kauj Ruam 6: Daim duab 5 & 6, 3D Views ntawm PCB Board (TOP thiab Buttom)

[3]: Kev tsim kho thiab TestFigure 7 qhia thawj tsab (thawj version) ntawm pawg thawj coj. Lub rooj tsav xwm PCB tau tsim los ntawm PCBWay, uas yog lub rooj tsav xwm zoo. Kuv tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev siv tshuaj txhuam ib qho twg.

Raws li nws tau pom meej hauv daim duab 8, Kuv tau hloov kho qee qhov ntawm Circuit Court kom ua tiav lub suab nrov qis dua, yog li qhov muab Schematic thiab PCB yog qhov hloov tshiab kawg.

Kauj Ruam 7: Daim duab 7, Thawj Tsab Ntawv (Tus Qauv Laus) ntawm Buck Converter

Tom qab siv cov khoom sib txuas, peb tau npaj los sim qhov Circuit Court. Cov ntaub ntawv hais tias peb tuaj yeem siv qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm 4.5V txog 24V rau cov tswv yim. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thawj tsab ntawv (kuv pawg thawj coj saib xyuas) thiab PCB kawg/Schematic kawg yog qee qhov kev hloov pauv hauv PCB tsim thiab kev tso ua ke/qhov tseem ceeb. Rau thawj tsab ntawv, lub peev xwm tso tawm tsuas yog 22uF-35V. Yog li kuv hloov nws nrog ob 47uF SMD capacitors (C5 thiab C7, 1210 pob). Kuv tau thov tib qhov kev hloov kho rau cov tswv yim thiab hloov pauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog ob lub 35V ntsuas cov peev txheej. Tsis tas li, kuv hloov qhov tso tawm header qhov chaw nyob.

Txij li qhov siab tshaj qhov tso tawm hluav taws xob yog 21V thiab cov ntsuas hluav taws xob tau ntsuas ntawm 25V (ceramic), tom qab ntawd yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog cov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntsuas hluav taws xob, tsuas yog txo lawv cov peev txheej muaj txiaj ntsig mus rau 22uF thiab nce ntxiv ntsuas hluav taws xob rau 35V. Koj ib txwm tuaj yeem them qhov no los ntawm kev ntxiv cov peev txheej tso tawm ntawm koj lub phiaj xwm phiaj xwm/thauj khoom. Txawm tias koj tuaj yeem ntxiv 470uF lossis 1000uF capacitor "sab nrauv" vim tias tsis muaj chaw txaus hauv pawg thawj coj kom haum rau ib qho ntawm lawv. Qhov tseeb, los ntawm kev ntxiv cov peev txheej ntau, peb txo qis qhov txiav tawm ntawm cov lim kawg, yog li nws yuav ua rau muaj suab nrov ntau dua.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua uas koj siv cov capacitors sib npaug. Piv txwv li, siv ob qho 470uF ua ke es tsis siv ib 1000uF. Nws pab txo qis tag nrho ESR tus nqi (txoj cai tiv thaiv kab rov tav).

Tam sim no cia peb tshuaj xyuas qhov tso tawm suab thiab suab nrov los ntawm kev siv lub suab nrov qis hauv ntej kawg oscilloscope xws li Siglent SDS1104X-E. Nws tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob mus rau 500uV/div, uas yog qhov zoo nkauj heev.

Kuv tau hloov lub rooj sib tham hloov pauv, nrog nrog sab nraud 470uF-35V lub tshuab hluav taws xob, ntawm ib qho me me ntawm DIY tsab ntawv pov thawj lub rooj tsavxwm los ntsuas qhov ripple thiab suab nrov (daim duab 8)

Kauj Ruam 8: Daim duab 8, Lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib Hloov ntawm Me Me ntawm DIY Prototype Board (suav nrog 470uF Output Capacitor)

Thaum qhov hluav taws xob nkag siab (24V) thiab qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm qis (5V piv txwv), qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab suab nrov yuav tsum tau tsim vim tias cov tswv yim thiab tso tawm qhov hluav taws xob sib txawv yog siab. Yog li cia peb nruab lub oscilloscope sojntsuam nrog hauv av-lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab tshawb xyuas cov suab nrov tso tawm (daim duab 9). Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau siv hauv av-lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, vim tias cov xov hlau hauv av ntawm qhov kev sojntsuam oscilloscope tuaj yeem nqus tau ntau hom suab nrov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev ntsuas.

Kauj Ruam 9: Daim duab 9, Hloov Chaw Tshawb Fawb Cov Hlau Hauv av nrog av hauv av

Daim duab 10 qhia txog lub suab nrov thaum lub tswv yim yog 24V thiab cov zis yog 5V. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias qhov hloov pauv cov txiaj ntsig tau pub dawb thiab tsis tau txuas nrog rau ib qho twg.

Kauj Ruam 10: Daim duab 10, Suab nrov nrov ntawm DC rau DC Hloov (tawm tswv yim = 24V, Tawm = 5V)

Tam sim no cia peb sim cov suab nrov hauv qab qhov qis tshaj tawm/tso zis qhov sib txawv sib txawv (0.8V). Kuv teeb qhov hluav taws xob nkag mus rau 12V thiab tso tawm rau 11.2V (daim duab 11).

Kauj Ruam 11: Daim duab 11, Cov Suab Tawm Tsawg Hauv Qhov Tsawg Tshaj Tawm/Tso Tawm Voltage Sib Txawv (tswv yim = 12V, Tawm = 11.2V)

Thov nco ntsoov tias los ntawm kev nce qhov tso tawm tam sim no (ntxiv lub nra), lub suab nrov tawm/ripple nce. Nov yog zaj dab neeg tseeb rau txhua qhov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis hloov pauv.

[4] Cov Nqi Khoom

Daim duab 12 qhia txog txoj haujlwm cov nqi ntawm cov khoom.