Yooj Yim Teeb Sensor Nrog LED (Analog): 3 Cov Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:26

Nyob zoo!

Hauv cov lus qhia no kuv yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas thiaj ua lub teeb pom kev yooj yim nrog LED.

Yeej qhov Circuit no tsuas yog tig rau ntawm LED, thaum nws raug lub teeb. Rau kuv qhov kev siv hluav taws xob no tsis muaj txiaj ntsig vim tias koj ua tsis tau ntau yam nrog qhov no, tab sis kuv xav tias ib tus neeg tuaj yeem pom qhov no muaj txiaj ntsig.

Kauj Ruam 1: Xaiv Cov Cheeb Tsam

Cov npe khoom:

• 2 x 560 ohm resistor
• 10 k ohm resistor

• Ib lub hnub ci me me (Kuv coj kuv los ntawm lub hnub ci uas siv hluav taws xob ua lub teeb)

  Kev khiav hauj lwm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm kuv lub hnub ci ntawm tes (raws li nws cov ntawv teev tseg) yog txog 4.0 volts, txawm tias kuv tau txais 6.0 volts thaum kuv ntsuas nws. Tias yog vim li cas kuv siv 5.0 volts raws li kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob rau kuv qhov kev suav. (Kuv lub xov tooj cua hnub ci cov ntawv:

• LED liab

  Koj tuaj yeem siv cov xim sib txawv yog tias koj xav tau tab sis koj yuav tsum tau suav tus nqi tiv thaiv dua rau qhov sib txawv LED

• BC 337-25 transistor (Koj tuaj yeem siv lub transistor sib txawv yog tias nws muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo ib yam)

• 12 VDC transformer

  Kuv nqa kuv lub hloov pauv los ntawm lub laptop qub them nyiaj uas muab rau kuv 12 volts thiab max. 4, 5 awm

• Ib tus laug laug protoboard

Kho kom raug: Kuv pom tias kuv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tso tawm 20 volts hloov ntawm 12 volts. Yog tias koj siv 20 volt koj lub Circuit, thov siv 1k ohm resistor rau koj LED. Kuv thov txim tiag txog kuv qhov yuam kev

Xam qhov tseem ceeb resistor

Koj tuaj yeem hla ntu no yog tias koj tsis xav paub / yog tias koj twb paub lawm, yuav ua li cas los laij cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi rau cov khoom.

Yog li ua ntej peb yuav tsum xam tus nqi tiv thaiv rau LED nrog cov qauv no: Rl = (Uin - Ul) / IL

• Uin = Cov tswv yim hluav taws xob (Peb siv 12 volts.)
• Ul = LED ua haujlwm qhov hluav taws xob (LED liab muaj lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm 1.7 - 2.0 volts.)
• IL = LED ua haujlwm tam sim no (LEDs feem ntau siv kev ua haujlwm tam sim no ntawm 10 - 15 mA tab sis kuv tab tom siv 20 mA hauv kuv qhov kev suav.)

(12V - 2V) / 0.020 A = 500 ohms

Yog li peb xav tau 500 ohm resistor. Kuv siv E12-series resistors yog li kuv tsis muaj 500 ohm resistor. Yog vim li cas kuv thiaj siv 560 ohms xwb.

Ua ntej peb xam cov resistor rau transistor, peb yuav tsum paub ob peb yam txog transistor peb tab tom siv:

• Min. hFE = Yam tsawg kawg tam sim no nce (Koj tuaj yeem saib cov txiaj ntsig tam sim no los ntawm cov ntawv teev tseg tab sis kuv siv 100 hauv kuv qhov kev suav.)
• Ic = Tus neeg khaws khoom tam sim no (Tus nqi tam sim no tus neeg sau khoom tau txais dab tsi. Hauv qhov no nws tau txais txog 20 mA vim yog LED.)

Tam sim no peb tuaj yeem suav cov resistor rau transistor. Peb tuaj yeem ua qhov ntawd nrog cov qauv no: Rb = Uin - Ube / Ib

Uin = Cov tswv yim hluav taws xob (Raws li kuv tau hais ua ntej, kuv lub hnub ci cell muab txog 5 volts, yog li peb tau siv tus nqi ntawd.)

Ube = Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tso tawm (Feem ntau qhov hluav taws xob yog li 0.5 - 0.7 volts. Peb siv 0.7 volts.)

Ib = Pib tam sim no (Peb yuav tsum xam lub hauv paus tam sim no rau tus nqi tsawg kawg hFE.)

Cov qauv rau tus nqi tsawg kawg hFE: Ib = Ic / hFE

0.020 A / 100 = 0.0002 A = 0.2 mA

Yog li 0.2 mA yog qhov tsawg kawg ntawm qhov tam sim no peb xav tau rau transistor los ua haujlwm. Kuv muab ob npaug rau tus nqi tam sim no yam tsawg kawg vim kuv xav kom ntseeg tau tias lub transistor qhib thaum nws xav tau. Tias yog vim li cas kuv thiaj siv 0.4 mA hauv kuv qhov kev suav.

(5.0V - 0.7V) / 0.0004 A = 10 750 ohms

Yog li peb xav tau 10.75 ohm resistor. Hauv E12-series qhov ze tshaj yog 10k ohms tab sis kuv xav tau qee qhov kev tiv thaiv ntxiv tsuas yog thaum transistor tsis tawg, yog li kuv siv 10k ohm thiab 560 ohm resistor hauv koob. (10k ohm+ 560 ohm = 10.56k ohm.)

Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv 12k ohm resistor yog tias koj xav tau.

Kauj Ruam 2: Soldering Cheebtsam

Tam sim no peb yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom sib txuas tso rau lub protoboard. Saum toj no yog kev teeb tsa thiab daim duab qhia chaw kuv tau siv. Koj tuaj yeem hloov qhov kev npaj nws yog tias koj xav tau.

Kuv tau siv lub tshuab hloov pauv mus rau lub rooj tsavxwm uas siv ob lub xov hlau nyias vim tias cov xov hlau qub tau tuab dhau rau lub rooj tsavxwm. Thaum koj tau ua tiav cov kab hluav taws xob hloov pauv, nco ntsoov insulate nws. Thov siv cua sov-ntsws tubing los tiv thaiv cov xov hlau. Kuv tsis muaj cov hlab sab laug, yog li kuv insulated cov hlau nrog kab xev hluav taws xob thiab ua kom sov nws.

Thiab nco ntsoov tias koj tsis ua rau cov pob qij txha txias thaum siv. Cov pob qij txha tsis zoo rau koj lub voj voog.

Kauj Ruam 3: Kuaj Koj Li Circuit Court

Thaum koj ua tiav cov tshuaj txhuam, koj tuaj yeem sim koj li Circuit Court los ntawm ntsaws nws rau hauv phab ntsa. LED yuav tsum tua thaum lub hnub ci xov tooj tau npog thiab nws yuav tsum qhib thaum lub hnub ci cell raug teeb.