Siv Photogrammetry los Tsim Qauv: 9 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Kuv yog leej twg?

Kuv yog Samuel Conklin thiab kuv yog tus kawm qib kaum ntawm E. L. Meyers High School. Kuv tau sim nrog photogrammetry rau ob peb lub hlis dhau los thiab kuv vam tias yuav pab koj yog tias koj xaiv rov tsim cov khoom no. Kuv txaus siab pom yuav ua li cas lwm tus neeg tuaj yeem siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab no thiab hloov pauv mus ib txhis.

Virtual Reality thiab SteamVR yog dab tsi?

Kev muaj tiag tiag yog daim ntawv tshiab ntawm kev nthuav txuj ci thiab kev paub. Nws tseem yog ib thaj tsam tshiab ntawm thev naus laus zis raws li suav tsis txheeb tuam txhab thiab tib neeg ua haujlwm txhawm rau txhim kho qhov nruab nrab. Koj tau ua koj tus kheej qhov kev tsis zoo yog tias koj tsis tau sim VR, vim nws suav tag nrho nws cov neeg siv lub siab thiab pom lub suab. Ib qho ntawm cov phiaj xwm loj rau kev muaj tiag yog Valve's SteamVR. SteamVR tso cai rau cov neeg siv ywj pheej faib ib puag ncig thiab teeb tsa ib leeg yam tsis tau them nqi. Nws feem ntau yog qhib-tau thiab tso cai rau ntau lub pob ntseg. Cov no suav nrog, tab sis tsis txwv rau HTC Vive series, Oculus Rifts, Oculus Quest, Valve Index, Windows Mixed Reality, thiab lwm yam SteamVR yog lub platform uas peb siv los tsim peb ib puag ncig.

Photogrammetry yog dab tsi thiab nws tuaj yeem siv tau li cas?

Photogrammetry yog txheej txheem ntawm kev thaij duab lossis vis dis aus thiab tig cov duab rau hauv 3D qauv. Qhov piv txwv nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis no yog Google Earth. Google siv cov duab satellite thiab saib txoj hauv kev txhawm rau txhim kho cov toj roob hauv pes thiab cov tsev. Saib ntawm Google Lub Ntiaj Teb, nws tau pom meej tias lawv muaj ob peb daim duab los ua haujlwm, yog li qee lub tsev yuav saib tsis zoo. Thaum siv kom raug, photogrammetry yog txoj hauv kev txaus ntseeg heev los tsim cov qauv 3D. Txoj haujlwm no siv cov thev naus laus zis no los khaws keeb kwm keeb kwm. Kev yaig thiab raug rau cov ntsiab lus txhais tau tias keeb kwm keeb kwm yav dhau los yuav poob mus rau qhov tsis zoo thiab tib neeg yuav hnov qab txog lawv. Siv cov duab thaij duab, peb tuaj yeem khaws txhua yam digitally, yog li cov neeg tom ntej yuav muaj peev xwm paub thiab txaus siab rau cov qauv no. Qhov no kuj txhais tau tias ntau tus neeg thoob ntiaj teb tuaj yeem ntsib lwm yam kab lis kev cai yam tsis muaj nqi lossis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mus ncig.

Kuv xav tau cov khoom siv dab tsi?

Txog qhov haujlwm no, Kuv siv Kev Ntseeg Kev Ntseeg, SteamVR, thiab Krita. Muaj Autodesk, Agisoft, thiab Zephyr cov haujlwm uas tuaj yeem siv tau hloov qhov Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntseeg yog tias koj tsis muaj qhov xav tau Nvidia GPU los khiav nws. Photoshop lossis lwm qhov kev hloov kho duab tuaj yeem siv tsis yog Krita, tab sis txij li nws tau pub dawb thiab siv rau pej xeem siv, Kuv tau xaiv siv nws rau txoj haujlwm no. Koj tseem yuav xav tau lub desktop VR lub mloog pob ntseg uas tuaj yeem ntsaws ncaj qha rau koj lub khoos phis tawj. Thaum kawg, xav tau lub koob yees duab zoo. Lub koob yees duab txawb tau zoo, tab sis kuv tau siv Nikon D7000 txij li Kev Ntseeg Kev Ntseeg tau tuaj yeem pom lub qhov taub ntawm lub koob yees duab, uas ua rau cov qauv zoo dua.

Kauj Ruam 1: Siv Duab

Nov yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm txoj haujlwm no raws li koj xav tau kom raug nws hauv ib qho kev txhaj tshuaj. Yog tias koj tsis yog koj yuav tsum rov qab mus rau qhov chaw thiab rov ua txhua yam.

Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum nrhiav qhov chaw tsim nyog thiab tus qauv. Cov qauv yuav tsum loj thiab qhia tau yooj yim. Dab tsi yog qhov no txhais tau tias software photogrammetry yuav tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv thiab keeb kwm yav dhau.

Feem ntau, kev thaij duab nyob rau hnub uas muaj cua daj cua dub yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj. Qhov no yog vim tias ib hnub tshav ntuj tuaj yeem muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm dhau qee cov duab thiab tsis xav txog lwm tus. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov duab ntxoov ntxoo uas tsis xav tau. Tus qauv nrog me me kom tsis muaj duab ntxoov ntxoo yuav ua kom pom kev yooj yim dua hauv ntu kev txhim kho qib. Ib qho ntxiv, software xav tau qhov sib npaug ntawm cov xim kom zoo ib yam nrog txhua daim duab, vim nws siv xim los xam qhov loj ntawm cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, noj cov duab ntawm ib hnub dhau los, yuav txhim kho cov qauv zoo. Cov huab nyob saum ntuj yuav ua lub ntuj tso rau lub koob yees duab. Nws yuav faib lub teeb ntau dua tusyees thiab txhais tau tias tus qauv yuav ua tau meej thaum lub sijhawm ua cov txheej txheem.

Qhov kawg ntawm cov lus qhia yog thaij duab ntau li ntau tau. Cov khoos kas feem ntau yuav xaiv thiab xaiv cov duab twg nws yuav siv rau qhov khoom kawg. Los ntawm kev yees duab ntau dua, txhua yam yuav muaj tseeb dua thiab muab txoj haujlwm rau qee chav ua pa. Kuv muaj txog 150-300 duab rau txhua tus qauv.

Kauj Ruam 2: Pib Nrog Software Photogrammetry

Tam sim no, peb yuav import cov duab rau hauv software. Nco ntsoov tias Reality Capture xav tau daim npav Nvidia. Koj tsis tuaj yeem hla yav dhau los Cov Kab Duab Duab yam tsis muaj nws.

Yog tias koj muaj daim nplaub tshev uas muaj tag nrho cov duab koj xav siv, xaiv Cov Ntawv Xaiv nyob hauv lub ces kaum sab saud. Qhov no yuav coj koj mus rau Tus Thawj Tswj Ntaub Ntawv thiab koj tuaj yeem xaiv daim nplaub tshev. Cov tswv yim yuav tso cai rau koj xaiv tus kheej cov duab nrog Tus Thawj Tswj Ntaub Ntawv.

Tom ntej no, peb yuav pib txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim qauv. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub vijtsam, hauv Workflow, muaj ntu ntu Txheej Txheem. Peb xav nias lub pob Pib loj dua. Qhov no yuav pib kho cov duab. Cov duab plaub luv luv qhia pom tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim thaum txheej txheem no. Nws yuav paub lub qhov muag laug ntawm tus mos lwj thiab sib piv qhov nrug nrog lwm cov duab. Nws yuav txuas ntxiv sib piv cov duab sib txawv kom txog thaum nws tau dhau los ntawm txhua qhov ua tau ua ke. Cov kauj ruam no ua tiav yog tias koj tuaj yeem pom cov cim me me uas zoo ib yam li cov qauv.

Kauj Ruam 3: Xeem thiab Yooj Yim

Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog xam tus qauv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, peb nyem rau ntawm Tus Qauv Lej hauv ntu Txheej Txheem. Qhov no yuav ncaj qha txhais txhua yam nws pom hauv cov duab ua 3D daim ntawv. Cov txiaj ntsig tau tsim nyog ze rau qhov peb xav kom tus qauv zoo li, tab sis muaj peb qhov teeb meem nrog cov qauv no. Ua ntej, muaj qhov nyob hauv tus qauv uas tsis nyob hauv tus qauv ntawm lub neej tiag. Qhov thib ob, qhov saum npoo yog pob tw heev. Txij li qhov haujlwm tau kwv yees nws qhov kev suav, nws yuav ua tsis raug rau qee qhov chaw du. Thib peb, muaj ntau daim duab peb sab. Txhua tus qauv hauv Reality Capture tau tsim nrog cov voos me me. Txhua daim duab peb sab sawv cev rau qhov me me ntawm tus qauv. Peb xav tau yam tsawg kawg peb tog twg los tau ua kom zoo dua tus qauv. Yog tias muaj ntau daim duab peb sab, nws tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov teeb meem kev ua tau zoo.

Cov teeb meem no tuaj yeem daws nrog Cov Cuab Yeej yooj yim. Txhua tus qauv yuav muaj 3, 000, 000 daim duab peb sab tom qab Kev Xeem Qauv theem, thiab peb tuaj yeem xaiv ua tus lej ntawd siab dua lossis qis dua. Rau txhua tus qauv zoo li cov uas tau pom hauv txoj haujlwm no, kuv txo qis daim duab peb sab rau 1, 000, 000. Qhov tshwm sim tuaj yeem pom nyob hauv daim duab thib ob, qhov twg txhua qhov chaw uas khawb tau du dua thiab muaj qhov tsawg dua. Ib qho ntxiv, nrog tsawg dua peb tog kom ua tau zoo, kev ua haujlwm yuav zoo dua thaum peb nkag mus rau hauv VR.

Kauj Ruam 4: Xim thiab Texture

Tam sim no tus qauv yuav xav tau xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos kom ua rau nws muaj tiag tiag rau lub neej. Ob qhov no zoo ib yam hauv qhov lawv ua tiav tab sis txawv hauv txoj kev lawv ua haujlwm. Siv Xim, uas pom hauv ntu Txheej Txheem, txoj haujlwm yuav xim nyob hauv tus qauv. Cov cuab yeej yuav siv cov duab nws siv los tsim cov qauv thiab qhwv koj cov duab nyob ib puag ncig qhov sib txawv ntawm koj tus qauv. Kev ntxhib los mos, ntawm qhov tod tes, yuav xim hauv qhov yooj yim ntawm cov qauv. Saib thawj daim duab, nws pom tau meej tias qhov kev zov me nyuam qhwv cov duab nyob ib ncig ntawm tus qauv, tab sis hauv daim duab thib ob tom qab txheej txheem Texture, ob sab ntse ntawm cov duab tam sim no du.

Kauj ruam 5: Exporting thiab SteamVR

Hauv Kev Ntseeg Tiag, peb yuav hloov cov qauv mus rau SteamVR. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub vijtsam, hauv Export, xaiv Mesh, uas nyob ib sab ntawm ntu ntu txheej txheem. Koj yuav tsum pom qhov pop-up uas tso cai rau koj hloov pauv qhov chaw thiab cov qauv ntawm tus qauv. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom khaws txhua qhov kev teeb tsa ua lub hauv paus, tshwj tsis yog hloov qhov kev ntxhib los mos hom JPEG. Tam sim no txoj haujlwm yuav xa tawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv hom OBJ, uas yog cov ntawv ntxig, thiab JPEG, uas yog cov ntawv ntxig rau tus qauv. Rau kev siv lub hom phiaj, JPEG yuav tsum zoo li cov duab thib ob hauv cov kauj ruam no.

Tam sim no, peb yuav tsum tau ntshuam peb cov qauv rau hauv SteamVR. Ua ntej, qhib SteamVR, tom qab ntawd mus rau Tsim/Hloov Kho Ib puag ncig, uas yog nyob rau hauv Rhiav tab. SteamVR Rhiav Cov Cuab Yeej yuav qhib tam sim no. Xaiv Tsim Empty Addon thiab nyem rau ntawm Launch Tools.

Tam sim no Asset Browser yuav qhib nrog cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov qauv uas twb tau suav nrog. Nyob rau sab saud sab saud, muaj lub cim nrog lub cim rauj. Nov yog lub khoos phis tawj SteamVR rauj, uas ua rau koj muaj peev xwm los tsim daim duab qhia chaw. Cov duab qhia chaw yog ib puag ncig cov neeg siv VR yuav nyob hauv lub sijhawm ua si.

Kauj Ruam 6: Tsim Koj Daim Ntawv Qhia SteamVR

Nrog rau Hammer editor qhib hauv SteamVR, tam sim no peb tuaj yeem tsim lub voos xwmfab. Peb xav tsim lub voos xwmfab thiaj li pib tsim ib puag ncig. Qhov kev zov me nyuam tso cai rau koj hloov qhov loj ntawm lub voos xwmfab ua ntej nws tau nyab xeeb rau hauv qhov chaw. Tam sim no, tsuas yog pom sab nrauv ntawm lub voos xwmfab. Los ntawm kev nias CTRL+F txhua qhov chaw yuav ntxeev thiab yuav tig lub voos xwmfab mus rau hauv ib chav. Ib qho ntxiv, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib yam khoom uas hu ua info_player_start, uas yuav qhia rau Hammer qhov twg los ua kom tus neeg siv tshwm sim thaum rub lub program.

Txhawm rau kom chav nyob muaj qhov tseeb dua, peb kuj yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov ntawv ntxhib. Peb tuaj yeem ntxiv qee qhov kev cai duab dhau los ntawm Material Editor. Nov yog lub cim ncig mus rau sab xis ntawm Hammer khawm hauv Asset Browser. Xaiv Cov Khoom Siv Khoos phis tawj yuav coj koj mus rau lub qhov rai tshiab uas yuav tso cai rau koj ntshuam ib daim duab los ua ib qho kev ntxhib los mos. Koj tuaj yeem siv koj tus kheej cov duab lossis tau txais cov duab los ntawm cov vev xaib zoo nkauj xws li textures.com. Nyem Cov Ntaub Ntawv Khawm nyob hauv Cov Ntawv Xaiv Xim kom xaiv cov duab koj xav siv. Tom qab xaiv koj daim duab, nco ntsoov tias koj khaws nws los ntawm nias lub Floppy Disk icon nyob rau sab laug sab saum toj ntawm Cov Khoom Khoos phis tawj qhov rai. Tam sim no, kaw Cov Ntawv Kho Khoom Siv thiab rov qab mus rau Asset Browser. Ntawm no, tshawb rau cov ntaub ntawv zoo nkauj uas koj xav siv thiab tom qab ntawd nyem thiab rub nws mus rau hauv Hammer Editor. Hauv lub qhov rai no, koj tuaj yeem siv koj qhov kev ntxhib los mos rau lub ntsej muag sib txawv ntawm lub voos xwmfab.

Peb kuj yuav tsum ntxiv teeb pom kev zoo rau chav. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, peb tso lub teeb_omni lossis lub teeb_spot rau ntawm peb daim ntawv qhia, uas pom nyob hauv Tshooj Chaw Nyob rau sab laug ntawm daim duab qhia chaw. Lub teeb_omni yuav ci lub teeb nyob rau txhua qhov kev qhia thaum lub teeb_spot ci lub teeb hauv ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb. Txog qhov haujlwm no, Kuv siv tsawg kawg yog ob lub teeb pom kev zoo rau txhua qhov khoom thiab ib lub teeb_omni los pab teeb lub chav.

Kauj Ruam 7: Ntxiv Peb Lub Hom Phiaj rau Daim Ntawv Qhia

Tam sim no, nws yog lub sijhawm pib txav peb cov khoom mus rau hauv peb daim ntawv qhia. Hauv Asset Browser, mus rau sab xis ntawm Material Editor icon yog Model Editor uas zoo ib yam li tib neeg lub cim. Thaum qhib Tus Qauv Qauv, koj yuav tau txais kev xaiv los xauj lossis ua VDML tshiab, uas yog Tus Rauj Editor's version ntawm OBJ cov ntaub ntawv. Xaiv qhov kev xaiv los ua VDML tshiab thiab nws yuav xav kom koj ua daim ntawv tais ceev tseg. Cov ntawv no yuav khaws cov ntaub ntawv VDML. Xyuas kom nws nyob hauv Add On folder thiab nias txuas ntxiv.

Qhov no yuav coj koj mus rau lub vijtsam nrog koj tus qauv, uas muaj kev ntxhib los mos dawb. Txhawm rau ntxiv qhov kev ntxhib los mos rau cov qauv no, xaiv Cov Khoom Siv los ntawm cov cuab yeej toolbar ntawm sab laug. Qhov no yuav coj koj mus rau Cov Khoom Siv Khoos phis tawj thiab koj tuaj yeem xaiv JPEG los ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm Kev Ruaj Ntseg. Nco ntsoov khaws qhov kev ntxhib los mos thiab tus qauv los ntawm txhaj rau Floppy Disk icon. Rov qab mus rau Hammer Editor.

Hauv Rauj, koj tuaj yeem rub thiab tso tus qauv los ntawm Asset Browser mus rau hauv daim duab qhia chaw. Cov qauv yuav zoo li me me thiab koj yuav tsum tau hloov nws. Los ntawm nias T ntawm koj cov keyboard, koj tuaj yeem hloov nws txoj haujlwm ntawm daim duab qhia chaw. Nias E yuav hloov pauv tus qauv ntawm tus qauv thaum R yuav tig nws.

Kauj Ruam 8: Ua Cov Ntawv Cim

Cov Ntawv Cim Cim pom tom ntej ntawm txhua qhov chaw cim muab cov ntsiab lus thiab keeb kwm los txhim kho tus neeg siv kev paub. Txog kuv Cov Ntawv Cim, Kuv tsuas yog coj cov duab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm ntawm txhua qhov chaw kom yooj yim sau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas kuv xav siv tom qab. Tom qab ntawd kuv siv Krita, kho duab dawb software khoos phis tawj, txhawm rau tsim Cov Ntawv Cim nrog rau cov duab thiab ntawv ntxiv.

Rau Miner Park thiab Thauj tog rau nkoj ib sab ntawm chav, tsis muaj teeb meem ntxiv cov ntawv lo ua cov ntawv. Cias ntxiv lawv rau koj li Asset Browser los ntawm Material Editor thiab ntxiv cov duab rau hauv qhov thaiv uas tuaj yeem tsim hauv Hammer Editor. Teeb meem tshwm sim thaum kuv tsim cov laug cam rau lwm sab ntawm chav. Txhua cov ntawv thiab cov duab tau thim rov qab thiab tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los thim rov qab cov ntawv hauv tus kws kho. Txhawm rau kho qhov no, Kuv tau rov qab mus rau Krita thiab thim rov qab cov laug cam rau tus mos lwj thiab dais thiab ua tsaug qhov no kho qhov teeb meem.

Ib qho ntxiv, kuv ntxiv cov duab sib txawv ntawm Wilkes-Barre, vim kuv xav tsim chav uas muaj kev xav thiab ib puag ncig ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom lag luam.

Kauj Ruam 9: Xaus

Hauv kev xaus, ob qho tib si Kev Muaj Tseeb Virtual thiab Photogrammetry muaj lub zog los txhim kho ntau yam kev lag luam suav nrog, suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau kev ua kis las, vaj tsev thiab kev ua txhaum cai lij choj. Hnub no, Kuv siv cov duab ntsuas hluav taws xob los khaws qee qhov me me tab sis tseem ceeb ntawm kuv lub nroog hauv nroog keeb kwm. VR thiab Photogrammetry yog ob qho tseem tab tom sim thev naus laus zis uas qee zaum tuaj yeem twv koj. Txawm hais tias muaj qee qhov tsis txaus, tus nqi ntawm kev siv tshiab rau ob qho tib si yog qhov zoo siab thiab tsis muaj qhov txwv. Kuv ua tsaug rau koj nyeem txog qhov haujlwm no thiab kuv vam tias qhov kev tshoov siab no koj yuav sim qee yam tshiab nrog Virtual Reality.

Qhov txuas txuas rau qhov haujlwm tuaj yeem pom ntawm no.