Yuav Ua Li Cas Tsim thiab Siv Ib Leeg Ib Theem Inverter: 9 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Cov lus qhia no tshawb nrhiav kev siv Dialog's GreenPAK ™ CMICs hauv kev siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob thiab yuav qhia txog kev ua tiav ntawm ib theem hloov pauv hloov siv ntau txoj kev tswj hwm. Cov ntsuas sib txawv tau siv los txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm ib-theem inverter. Qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb yog Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). THD yog ntsuas ntsuas qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv hauv lub teeb liab thiab tau txhais raws li qhov sib piv ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog ntawm txhua qhov sib xyaw ua ke rau lub zog ntawm qhov siv zaus.

Hauv qab no peb tau piav qhia cov kauj ruam xav tau kev nkag siab yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj tau raug teeb tsa los tsim ib-theem inverter. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tsuas yog xav kom tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev ua haujlwm, rub tawm GreenPAK software los saib qhov ua tiav GreenPAK Tsim Cov Ntaub Ntawv. Ntsaws GreenPAK Kev Txhim Kho Khoom Siv rau koj lub khoos phis tawj thiab ntaus qhov program los tsim ib leeg-theem inverter.

Kauj Ruam 1: Ib-theem Inverter

Lub zog hloov hluav taws xob, lossis hloov pauv, yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas hloov pauv ncaj qha tam sim no (DC) mus rau qhov hloov pauv tam sim no (AC). Nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm theem ntawm AC tso tawm, muaj ntau hom kev hloov pauv.

● Ib-theem inverters

● Peb-theem inverters

DC yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg khiav ntawm hluav taws xob. Yog tias qhov hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua tau siv thoob plaws qhov kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo, nws ua rau muaj qhov tsis tu ncua. Sib piv, nrog AC, qhov hluav taws xob tam sim no rov qab hloov pauv. Qhov feem ntau ntawm AC waveform yog sine wave, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem yog daim duab peb sab lossis plaub fab. Txhawm rau txhawm rau hloov hluav taws xob nrog lub zog sib txawv tam sim no, yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Cov cuab yeej uas hloov AC mus rau DC yog lub npe hu ua rectifiers thiab cov cuab yeej uas hloov DC rau AC tau paub tias yog inverters.

Kauj Ruam 2: Topologies ntawm Ib Leeg-Phase Inverter

Muaj ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm ib-theem inverters; ib nrab-choj thiab tag nrho-choj topologies. Daim ntawv thov no ceeb toom rau ntawm tus choj tag nrho, vim nws muab ob npaug ntawm qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm piv rau ib nrab-choj topology.

Kauj Ruam 3: Tag nrho-choj Topology

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho-choj topology 4 hloov pauv xav tau, vim qhov hloov pauv qhov hluav taws xob tau txais los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ob ceg ntawm kev hloov pauv cov cell. Qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm tau los ntawm kev txawj ntse hloov lub transistors rau thiab tawm ntawm lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Muaj plaub lub xeev sib txawv nyob ntawm seb qhov twg raug kaw. Cov lus hauv qab no suav nrog cov xeev thiab cov hluav taws xob tso tawm raws qhov hloov pauv raug kaw.

Txhawm rau ua kom qhov hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv, cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov hluav taws xob nkag ntawm txhua ceg yuav tsum yog 180º tawm ntawm theem. Cov semiconductors ntawm txhua ceg tau ua tiav hauv kev ua tau zoo, uas yog hais thaum ib tus tab tom ua rau lwm tus raug txiav tawm thiab hloov pauv. Cov topology no yog siv dav tshaj plaws rau inverters. Daim duab hauv daim duab 1 qhia txog kev sib tw ntawm tus choj choj tag nrho rau ib leeg-theem inverter.

Kauj Ruam 4: Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor

Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) zoo ib yam li MOSFET nrog qhov ntxiv ntawm PNjunction thib peb. Qhov no tso cai tswj qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, zoo li MOSFET, tab sis nrog cov yam ntxwv tso tawm zoo li BJT hais txog kev thauj khoom siab thiab qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob qis.

Plaub cheeb tsam tseem ceeb tuaj yeem pom ntawm nws tus cwj pwm zoo li qub.

Region Avalanche Thaj Chaw

Region Saturation Thaj Chaw

● Txiav Cheeb Tsam

Region Cheeb Tsam Ua Haujlwm

Thaj av avalanche yog thaj chaw thaum qhov hluav taws xob qis dua qhov tawg qhov hluav taws xob tau thov, ua rau IGBT puas tsuaj. Cov cheeb tsam txiav suav nrog qhov tseem ceeb los ntawm kev tawg qhov hluav taws xob mus txog qhov pib qhov hluav taws xob, nyob ntawm IGBT tsis ua. Hauv thaj av saturation, IGBT coj tus yam ntxwv raws qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau thiab qhov ua haujlwm tsis txaus. Nrog kev hloov pauv qis ntawm qhov muaj zog, ua kom muaj zog siab tam sim no tuaj yeem ua tiav. Thaj chaw no yog qhov xav tau tshaj plaws rau kev ua haujlwm. Yog tias qhov hluav taws xob tau nce ntxiv, IGBT nkag mus rau thaj chaw nquag, thiab tam sim no tseem nyob tas li. Muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws thov rau IGBT kom ntseeg tau tias nws yuav tsis nkag mus rau thaj av av qeeg. Nov yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob tshaj plaws, vim nws tuaj yeem txhawb nqa ntau qhov hluav taws xob los ntawm ob peb volts rau kV thiab lub zog ntawm kW thiab MW.

Cov Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors ua raws li hloov khoom siv rau tag nrho-choj ib leeg-theem inverter topology.

Kauj Ruam 5: Pulse Width Modulation Block hauv GreenPAK

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Thaiv yog cov thaiv uas muaj txiaj ntsig uas tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam kev siv. DCMP/PWM Thaiv tuaj yeem teeb tsa ua PWM Thaiv. PWM thaiv tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm FSM0 thiab FSM1. PWM IN+ pin txuas nrog FSM0 hos IN-pin txuas nrog FSM1. Ob qho FSM0 thiab FSM1 muab 8-ntsis cov ntaub ntawv rau PWM Thaiv. PWM lub sijhawm sijhawm tau teev tseg los ntawm lub sijhawm FSM1. Lub voj voog ua haujlwm rau PWM thaiv yog tswj los ntawm FSM0.

?????? ???? ????? = ??+ / 256

Muaj ob txoj kev xaiv rau kev teeb tsa lub luag haujlwm:

● 0-99.6%: DC yog 0% txog 99.6% thiab txiav txim siab ua IN+/256.

● 0.39-100%: DC yog los ntawm 0.39% txog 100% thiab txiav txim siab raws li (IN + + 1)/256.

Kauj Ruam 6: GreenPAK Tsim rau PWM Raws Li Kev Siv Wave Square

Muaj ntau txoj kev tswj hwm sib txawv uas tuaj yeem siv los ua ib theem ib zaug inverter. Ib qho kev tswj hwm zoo li no suav nrog PWM-raws plaub fab yoj rau ib leeg-theem inverter.

GreenPAK CMIC tau siv los tsim cov qauv hloov pauv ib ntus kom yooj yim hloov DC mus rau AC. DC qhov hluav taws xob tau pub los ntawm lub roj teeb thiab cov zis tau los ntawm inverter tuaj yeem siv los muab AC load. Rau lub hom phiaj ntawm daim ntawv thov no nco tseg AC zaus tau teeb tsa rau 50Hz, ib qho kev siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev ntau hauv ntau qhov hauv ntiaj teb. Qhov tseeb, lub sijhawm yog 20ms.

Kev hloov pauv tus qauv uas yuav tsum tau tsim los ntawm GreenPAK rau SW1 thiab SW4 tau qhia hauv daim duab 3.

Tus qauv hloov pauv rau SW2 thiab SW3 tau qhia hauv daim duab 4

Cov qauv hloov pauv saum toj no tuaj yeem tsim tau yooj yim siv PWM thaiv. Lub sijhawm PWM lub sijhawm tau teeb tsa los ntawm lub sijhawm FSM1. Lub sijhawm sijhawm rau FSM1 yuav tsum tau teeb tsa rau 20ms sib xws rau 50Hz zaus. Lub voj voog ua haujlwm rau PWM thaiv yog tswj los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm FSM0. Txhawm rau tsim 50% lub luag haujlwm voj voog, FSM0 tus nqi ntsuas tau teeb tsa 128.

Qhov sib xws GreenPAK Tsim tau qhia hauv daim duab 5.

Kauj Ruam 7: Qhov tsis zoo ntawm Square Wave Control Strategy

Siv cov phiaj xwm kev yoj yoj ua rau lub inverter tsim kom muaj ntau qhov sib haum xeeb. Sib nrug los ntawm qhov yooj yim siv, xwmfab yoj inverters muaj cov khoom siv sib txawv. Cov kev sib haum xeeb no ua rau lub tshuab ntxig kom puv, yog li ua rau lub tshuab ua haujlwm tsis zoo, qee zaum txawm tias ua rau cov khoom siv puas. Li no, THD tsim los ntawm cov hom inverters no loj heev. Txhawm rau kov yeej qhov teeb meem no lwm txoj kev tswj hwm hu ua Quasi-Square Wave tuaj yeem ua haujlwm kom txo qis qhov sib haum xeeb uas tsim los ntawm inverter.

Kauj Ruam 8: GreenPAK Tsim rau PWM Raws Quasi-Square Wave Kev Siv

Hauv Quasi-square yoj tswj lub tswv yim, xoom tso zis hluav taws xob tau qhia uas tuaj yeem txo qis kev sib raug zoo tam sim no hauv cov xwm txheej xwm txheej zoo ib yam. Qhov zoo tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv Quasi-square wave inverter suav nrog:

● Qhov dav ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tuaj yeem tswj tau (los ntawm kev tswj hwm α)

● Qee cov ntsiab lus sib haum xeeb tuaj yeem tshem tawm (tseem los ntawm kev tswj hwm α)

Qhov dav ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tuaj yeem tswj hwm los ntawm kev tswj tus nqi α raws li qhia hauv Formula 1.

Qhov sib haum xeeb nth tuaj yeem tshem tawm yog tias nws qhov dav tau ua xoom. Piv txwv, qhov dav ntawm qhov sib haum xeeb thib peb (n = 3) yog xoom thaum α = 30 ° (Formula 2).

GreenPAK Tsim rau Kev Siv Quasi-Square Wave tswj lub tswv yim tau qhia hauv daim duab 9.

PWM thaiv tau siv los tsim cov duab plaub fab nrog 50 % lub voj voog ua haujlwm. Qhov xoom tso zis hluav taws xob tau qhia los ntawm kev ncua lub zog tshwm sim thoob plaws cov zis Pin-15. P-DLY1 thaiv tau teeb tsa txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov nce ntawm ntug kev ntawm cov nthwv dej. P-DLY1 yuav tshawb pom qhov nce ntxiv tom qab txhua lub sijhawm thiab ua rau DLY-3 thaiv, uas ua rau ncua sijhawm ntawm 2ms ua ntej ntsuas VDD hla D-flip flop kom pab tau Pin-15 cov zis.

Pin-15 tuaj yeem ua rau SW1 thiab SW4 tig rau. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo yuav tshwm sim thoob lub nra.

P-DLY1 nce kev tshawb pom lub ntsej muag tseem ua rau DLY-7 thaiv, uas tom qab 8ms rov pib dua D-flip flop thiab 0 V tshwm thoob qhov tso tawm.

DLY-8 thiab DLY-9 kuj tau tshwm sim los ntawm tib qhov nce nce. DLY-8 ua rau ncua sij hawm ntawm 10ms thiab ua rau DLY-3 rov ua dua, uas tom qab 2ms yuav moos DFF ua rau muaj qhov laj thawj siab hla ob THIAB rooj vag.

Txij ntawm no taw tes Tawm+ los ntawm PWM thaiv ua 0, txij li lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub thaiv tau teeb tsa kom yog 50 %. Tawm- yuav tshwm sim hla tus Pin-16 ua rau SW2 thiab SW3 tig rau, ua rau muaj qhov hloov pauv qhov hluav taws xob hla lub nra. Tom qab 18ms DLY-9 yuav rov pib dua DFF thiab 0V yuav tshwm sim hla tus Pin-16 thiab lub sijhawm txuas ntxiv txuas ntxiv mus tso tawm AC teeb liab.

Kev teeb tsa rau GreenPAK qhov sib txawv tau qhia hauv Cov Duab 10-14.

Kauj Ruam 9: Cov txiaj ntsig

12 V DC qhov hluav taws xob tau muab los ntawm lub roj teeb mus rau inverter. Lub inverter hloov qhov hluav taws xob no mus rau hauv AC waveform. Cov zis los ntawm inverter tau pub rau cov hloov pauv hloov pauv uas hloov 12 V AC Voltage rau 220 V uas tuaj yeem siv los tsav AC thauj khoom.

Xaus

Hauv Cov Lus Qhia no, peb tau siv Ib-Phase Inverter siv Square Wave thiab Quasi Square Wave tswj cov tswv yim siv GreenPAK a CMIC. GreenPAK CMICs ua raws li kev hloov pauv yooj yim ntawm Micro Controllers thiab cov khoom siv sib piv uas tau siv los ua ib qho kev hloov pauv ib leeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, GreenPAK CMICs muaj peev xwm tsim tau Peb Phase Inverters.