Cov txheej txheem:

DIY Lub Tshuab Ntsuas Siv Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob Zoo: 8 Kauj Ruam
DIY Lub Tshuab Ntsuas Siv Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob Zoo: 8 Kauj Ruam

Video: DIY Lub Tshuab Ntsuas Siv Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob Zoo: 8 Kauj Ruam

Video: DIY Lub Tshuab Ntsuas Siv Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob Zoo: 8 Kauj Ruam
Video: Saib Mis paub Poj niam (hluas nkauj) tus yam ntxwv lub siab 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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DIY Ventilator Siv Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob Zoo
DIY Ventilator Siv Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob Zoo
DIY Ventilator Siv Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob Zoo
DIY Ventilator Siv Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob Zoo

Txoj haujlwm no muab cov lus qhia rau kev sib sau ua lub tshuab ua pa kom hloov pauv rau kev siv thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thaum tsis muaj lub tshuab ua pa lag luam txaus, xws li tam sim no COVID-19 muaj thoob qhov txhia chaw. Qhov zoo ntawm qhov tsim lub tshuab ua pa no yog qhov tseem ceeb tsuas yog siv lub tshuab siv lub tshuab ua pa uas twb tau siv dav thiab tau txais los ntawm cov kws kho mob. Ntxiv rau, nws tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke feem ntau los ntawm cov khoom uas twb muaj nyob hauv ntau lub tsev kho mob thiab nws tsis xav tau kev tsim khoom ntawm ib feem twg (piv txwv li 3d luam ntawv, txiav laser, thiab lwm yam).

Lub hnab ntim lub npog ntsej muag (BVM), tseem hu ua phau ntawv rov ua haujlwm, yog lub cuab yeej siv tes siv los muab lub tshuab tso pa kom zoo rau cov neeg mob uas xav tau kev pab ua pa. Lawv tau siv los muab lub tshuab ua pa ib ntus rau cov neeg mob thaum tsis siv lub tshuab ua pa, tab sis tsis siv rau lub sijhawm ntev vim tias lawv xav kom tib neeg nyem lub hnab ntawm lub sijhawm ua pa tas li.

Lub tshuab ua pa DIY no siv lub tshuab ntswj BVM siv lub tshuab kom nws tuaj yeem siv tau los ua kom cov neeg mob nyob rau lub sijhawm tsis muaj hnub kawg. Kev nyem nyem yog ua tiav los ntawm kev ua kom rov ua pa ntau ntxiv/ua kom cov ntshav siab cuff qhwv ncig BVM. Cov tsev kho mob feem ntau tau nruab nrog huab cua nrawm thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev phab ntsa, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua kom cua daj cua dub poob qis thiab ua rau cov ntshav siab cuff, feem. Lub solenoid valve tswj kev ntws ntawm huab cua, uas yog tswj los ntawm Arduino microcontroller.

Lwm yam tshaj li BVM thiab ntsuas ntshav siab (ob qho uas twb muaj nyob hauv tsev kho mob), qhov tsim qauv no xav tau tsawg dua $ 100 tus nqi, uas tuaj yeem npaj tau yooj yim los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom online xws li McMaster-Carr thiab Amazon. Cov lus pom zoo thiab kev yuav khoom txuas tau muab, tab sis koj tuaj yeem sib pauv ntau feem nrog lwm cov khoom sib xws yog tias cov npe teev tseg tsis muaj.

Kev lees paub:

Ua tsaug tshwj xeeb rau xibfwb Ram Vasudevan ntawm University of Michigan rau kev pab nyiaj rau txoj haujlwm no thiab Mariama Runcie, MD los ntawm Harvard Affiliated Emergency Medicine Residency ntawm Massachusetts General Tsev Kho Mob thiab Brigham thiab Cov Tsev Kho Mob Poj Niam rau qiv nws txoj kev kho mob thiab muab tswv yim tawm tswv yim.

Kuv kuj xav paub txog Christopher Zahner, MD thiab Aisen Chacin, PhD los ntawm UTMB uas ywj siab sib koom ua ke ntawm tus qauv zoo sib xws ua ntej kuv tshaj tawm Cov Lus Qhia no (xov xwm xov xwm). Thaum kuv lub cuab yeej tsis yog qhov tshiab, Kuv cia siab tias cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm qhov nws tau tsim los yuav ua pov thawj muaj txiaj ntsig rau lwm tus saib los tsim dua lossis txhim kho raws li lub tswv yim.

Khoom siv

Cheeb Tsam Kho Mob:

-Bag valve daim npog qhov ncauj, ~ $ 30 (https://www.amazon.com/Simple-Breathing-Tool-Adult-Oxygen/dp/B082NK2H5R)

-Txoj ntshav siab, ~ $ 17 (https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00VGHZG3C)

Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob:

-Arduino Uno, ~ $ 20 (https://www.amazon.com/Arduino-A000066-ARDUINO-UNO-R3/dp/B008GRTSV6)

-3-txoj kev hluav taws xob solenoid valve (12V), ~ $ 30 (https://www.mcmaster.com/61975k413)

-12 V phab ntsa adapter, ~ $ 10 (https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01GD4ZQRS)

-10k Potentiometer, <$ 1 (https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07C3XHVXV)

-TIP120 Darlington transistor, ~ $ 2 (https://www.amazon.com/Pieces-TIP120-Power-Darlington-Transistors/dp/B00NAY1IBS)

-Muaj me me qhob cij, ~ $ 1 (https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B07PZXD69L)

-Single core wire, ~ $ 15 rau tag nrho cov xim sib txawv (https://www.amazon.com/TUOFENG-Wire-Solid-different-colored-spools/dp/B07TX6BX47)

Lwm Cheeb Tsam:

-Txhua tooj dag txuas txuas txuas nrog 10-32 xov, ~ $ 4 (https://www.mcmaster.com/5346k93)

-(x2) Lub raj yas yas txuas nrog 1/4 NPT xov, ~ $ 1 (https://www.mcmaster.com/5372k121)

-Plastic spacer, <$ 1 (https://www.mcmaster.com/94639a258)

-(x2) Crush cov pa oxygen hlab, ~ $ 10 (https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07S427JSY)

-Small lub thawv lossis lwm lub thawv los ua khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lub tsev nyob

Kauj Ruam 1: Tshaj Tawm Cov Hluav Taws Xob

Hluav Taws Hluav Taws Xob
Hluav Taws Hluav Taws Xob
Hluav Taws Hluav Taws Xob
Hluav Taws Hluav Taws Xob

Siv cov hlau hlau tseem ceeb thiab lub khob cij me me, txuas rau Arduino, TSWV YIM 120, thiab lub zog ntsuas hluav taws xob raws li qhia hauv kab duab kab. Koj kuj tseem xav tau kaw kab xev los yog kub kua nplaum Arduino thiab daim ntawv lo rau ntawm ib daim duab los qhia, vim qhov no yuav pab txo qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev rub ntawm cov xov hlau.

Nco ntsoov tias 1k resistor yog xaiv tau. Nws ua haujlwm raws li kev pov hwm tiv thaiv hluav taws xob luv, tab sis yog tias koj tsis muaj ib qho dag nyob ib puag ncig koj tsuas tuaj yeem hloov nws nrog xaim thiab txhua yam yuav tsum tseem ua haujlwm zoo.

Arduino tsis tuaj yeem tsav lub valve ncaj qha vim tias nws xav tau lub zog ntau dua li Arduino cov pins tso tawm tuaj yeem muab tau. Hloov chaw, Arduino tsav TIP 120 transistor, uas ua haujlwm zoo li hloov pauv lub valve qhib thiab tawm.

Lub hwjchim ua haujlwm ua "khawm hloov qhov ua pa". Kho lub lauj kaub teeb hloov pauv qhov teeb liab mus rau Arduino's A0 tus pin. Txoj cai khiav ntawm Arduino hloov qhov hluav taws xob ntawd mus rau "ua pa", thiab teeb tsa tus nqi ntawm lub valve qhib thiab kaw kom phim nws.

Kauj Ruam 2: Xaim Cov Hluav Taws Xob Solenoid Valve

Txhim Kho Cov Hluav Taws Xob Solenoid Valve
Txhim Kho Cov Hluav Taws Xob Solenoid Valve
Txhim Kho Cov Hluav Taws Xob Solenoid Valve
Txhim Kho Cov Hluav Taws Xob Solenoid Valve
Txhim Kho Cov Hluav Taws Xob Solenoid Valve
Txhim Kho Cov Hluav Taws Xob Solenoid Valve

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis xa nrog cov xov hlau txuas nrog nws, yog li qhov no yuav tsum ua tiav ntawm tus kheej.

Ua ntej tshaj, tshem lub hau sab saum toj siv Phillips lub taub hau ntswj kom nthuav tawm nws peb lub hau ntswj, V+, V-, thiab GND (tham nrog daim duab los txiav txim qhov twg yog qhov twg)

Tom qab ntawd, txuas cov xov hlau los ntawm kev kaw lawv nrog cov ntsia hlau. Kuv xav qhia kom siv cov txiv kab ntxwv lossis xim daj rau V+ (lossis xim twg koj siv rau 12V xaim ntawm cov kauj ruam dhau los), xiav lossis dub rau V-, thiab dub rau GND (lossis xim twg koj siv rau GND xaim ntawm Kuv tau siv dub rau V- thiab GND tab sis muab daim kab xev me me rau ntawm GND xaim kom kuv thiaj li paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv.

Thaum cov xov hlau txuas, muab lub hau npog rov qab thiab ntsaws rau hauv qhov chaw.

Tom qab ntawd, txuas cov xov hlau mus rau daim ntawv qhia zaub mov raws li qhia hauv daim duab kab hlau txuas tshiab.

Txhawm rau kom meej dua, daim duab qhia chaw kuj tseem suav nrog, tab sis yog tias koj tsis paub nrog hom kev cim no koj tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej nws:)

Kauj Ruam 3: Upload Arduino Code thiab Test Electronics

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Yog tias koj tsis muaj nws, rub tawm Arudino IDE lossis qhib Arduino web editor (https://www.arduino.cc/en/main/software).

Yog tias koj siv Arduino Tsim web editor, koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov kos duab rau qhov haujlwm no ntawm no. Yog tias koj siv Arduino IDE hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm koj lub khoos phis tawj, koj tuaj yeem rub cov duab kos los ntawm Cov Lus Qhia no.

Qhib daim duab, txuas Arduino rau koj lub khoos phis tawj siv lub tshuab luam ntawv USB, thiab xa cov duab kos mus rau Arduino. Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem xa cov duab kos, kev pab tuaj yeem pom ntawm no.

Tam sim no ntsaws rau lub hwj chim 12V. Lub valve yuav tsum ua ntu ntu suab nrov thiab ua kom pom kev, raws li qhia hauv video. Yog tias koj tig lub pob tes taw ntsuas lub zog raws lub moos nws yuav tsum hloov pauv sai dua, thiab qeeb dua yog tias koj tig nws rov qab. Yog tias qhov no tsis yog tus cwj pwm uas koj pom, rov qab mus thiab txheeb xyuas txhua qib dhau los.

Kauj Ruam 4: Txuas Barbed Tube Txuas Txuas rau Valve

Txuas Barbed Tube Connectors rau Valve
Txuas Barbed Tube Connectors rau Valve
Txuas Barbed Tube Connectors rau Valve
Txuas Barbed Tube Connectors rau Valve

Lub valve muaj peb qhov chaw nres nkoj: A, P, thiab Tso Tawm. Thaum lub valve tsis ua haujlwm, A txuas nrog Kev Tso Tawm thiab P raug kaw. Thaum lub valve ua haujlwm, A txuas nrog P thiab Cov pa raug kaw. Peb tab tom txuas P mus rau qhov chaw cua txias, A mus rau lub siab ntsuas lub siab, thiab Tso rau lub tshuab nqus tsev. Nrog rau qhov teeb tsa no, cov ntshav siab yuav nthuav tawm thaum lub valve ua haujlwm, thiab tsis ua haujlwm thaum lub valve tsis ua haujlwm.

Qhov chaw tso pa tawm tau tsim los tsuas yog qhib rau huab cua, tab sis peb yuav tsum txuas nws mus rau lub tshuab nqus tsev kom cov ntshav siab cuff deflates sai dua. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, thawj zaug tshem lub hau yas dub uas npog qhov Chaw Tso Dej. Tom qab ntawd muab cov yas yas tso rau ntawm cov xov uas nthuav tawm thiab muab cov txuas txuas txuas tooj dag tso rau saum.

Muab cov yas txuas txuas txuas rau cov chaw nres nkoj A thiab P. Ceev nrog tus ciaj ntswj kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj xau.

Kauj Ruam 5: Tsim Vaj Tsev rau Electronics

Tsim Vaj Tsev rau Electronics
Tsim Vaj Tsev rau Electronics
Tsim Vaj Tsev rau Electronics
Tsim Vaj Tsev rau Electronics
Tsim Vaj Tsev rau Electronics
Tsim Vaj Tsev rau Electronics

Txij li thaum tsis muaj cov xov hlau nyob hauv qhov chaw, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev raug yuam rubged thiab txuas. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev muab lawv tso rau hauv lub tsev tiv thaiv.

Rau vaj tsev, kuv siv lub thawv ntawv me me (ib qho ntawm McMaster cov thawv xa khoom qee qhov tuaj hauv). Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv lub khob me me tupperware, lossis qee yam ntxim nyiam yog tias koj xav tau.

Ua ntej tshaj, tso lub valve, Arduino, thiab lub khob cij me me rau hauv lub khob. Tom qab ntawd khawb/laum qhov hauv lub thawv rau 12V lub zog txuas hluav taws xob thiab cov raj cua. Thaum lub qhov ua tiav lawm, kub kua nplaum, kab xev, lossis zip khi lub valve, Arduino, thiab daim txiag ntoo hauv lawv qhov chaw xav tau.

Kauj Ruam 6: Qhwv Ntshav Siab Cuff Ib puag ncig BVM

Qhwv Ntshav Siab Cuff Nyob Ib puag ncig BVM
Qhwv Ntshav Siab Cuff Nyob Ib puag ncig BVM
Qhwv Ntshav Siab Cuff Nyob Ib puag ncig BVM
Qhwv Ntshav Siab Cuff Nyob Ib puag ncig BVM
Qhwv Ntshav Siab Cuff Nyob Ib puag ncig BVM
Qhwv Ntshav Siab Cuff Nyob Ib puag ncig BVM
Qhwv Ntshav Siab Cuff Nyob Ib puag ncig BVM
Qhwv Ntshav Siab Cuff Nyob Ib puag ncig BVM

Tshem tawm lub teeb roj teeb los ntawm lub ntsuas ntshav siab (koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm cia li rub nws tawm). Hauv qib tom ntej, lub raj no yuav txuas nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob.

Qhwv cov ntshav siab nyob ib ncig ntawm BVM. Xyuas kom lub cuff nruj li sai tau yam tsis muaj lub hnab ntim khoom.

Kauj Ruam 7: Txuas Cov Cua Cua

Txuas Cov Cua Cua
Txuas Cov Cua Cua
Txuas Cov Cua Cua
Txuas Cov Cua Cua

Kauj ruam kawg yog txhawm rau txuas lub ntsuas ntshav siab, qhov cua nkag los, thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev mus rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob.

Txuas cov ntshav siab mus rau lub valve Lub davhlau ya nyob twg.

Siv lub raj pa, txuas lub valve lub davhlau ya nyob twg P mus rau qhov cua nkag los. Cov tsev kho mob feem ntau yuav tsum muaj lub qhov cua tawm ntawm qhov siab ntawm 4 bar (58 psi) (qhov chaw).

Siv lwm lub raj xa pa, txuas lub valve lub qhov tso pa tawm mus rau lub tshuab nqus tsev. Cov tsev kho mob feem ntau yuav tsum muaj lub tshuab nqus tsev muaj nyob ntawm 400mmHg (7.7 psi) hauv qab huab cua (qhov chaw).

Tam sim no lub cuab yeej ua tiav tshwj tsis yog lub raj/cov khoom siv tsim nyog los txuas lub qhov hluav taws xob BVM rau tus neeg mob lub ntsws. Kuv tsis yog kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yog li kuv tsis suav nrog cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim, tab sis nws xav tias lawv yuav muaj nyob hauv txhua lub tsev kho mob.

Kauj Ruam 8: Kuaj Cov Ntaus

Txuas lub cuab yeej. Yog tias txhua yam txuas nrog kom raug, cov ntshav siab yuav tsum ua kom nrawm thiab tsis txaus ib ntus, raws li qhia hauv video.

Kuv tsis yog kws saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, yog li kuv tsis muaj kev nkag tau mus rau tsev kho mob cov pa cua lossis lub tshuab nqus tsev. Yog li ntawd, kuv siv lub tshuab cua me me thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev los ntsuas lub cuab yeej hauv kuv lub tsev. Kuv teeb lub ntsuas hluav taws xob rau lub tshuab cua txias rau 4 bar (58 psi) thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev rau -400 mmHg (-7.7 psi) txhawm rau sim lub tsev kho mob kom zoo tshaj qhov ua tau.

Qee qhov tsis lees paub thiab yam yuav tau txiav txim siab:

-Cov kev ua pa tuaj yeem hloov kho los ntawm tig lub hwj chim (ntawm 12-40 pa ib feeb). Siv kuv lub tshuab nqus cua/teeb tsa lub tshuab nqus tsev, Kuv pom tias ua pa nyuaj ntau dua ~ 20 qhov ua pa ib feeb cov ntshav siab tsis muaj sijhawm ua kom tsis txaus ntawm qhov ua pa. Qhov no yuav tsis yog qhov teeb meem thaum siv lub tshuab cua hauv tsev kho mob uas kuv xav tias tuaj yeem muab cov dej ntws ntau dua yam tsis muaj kev poob siab, tab sis kuv tsis paub tseeb.

-Cov hnab ntim lub hnab ntim tsis tau tag nrho thaum ua pa. Qhov no yuav ua rau huab cua tsis txaus tso rau hauv cov neeg mob lub ntsws. Kev sim ntawm txoj kev kho mob txoj hlab pa manikin tuaj yeem nthuav tawm seb qhov no puas yog. Yog li, qhov no tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev nce lub sij hawm nce nqi txhua lub sijhawm ua pa, uas yuav xav tau kho qhov chaws Arduino.

-Kuv tsis tau ntsuas qhov siab tshaj qhov muaj peev xwm rau cov ntshav siab. 4 bar ntau dua li qhov siab ib txwm koom nrog hauv kev ntsuas ntshav siab. Qhov ntsuas ntshav siab tsis tawg thaum kuv kuaj, tab sis qhov ntawd tsis txhais tau tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias lub siab hauv lub tes tsho tau tso cai kom sib npaug sib luag ua ntej deflating.

-A BVM tau tsim los muab kev txhawb nqa huab cua yam tsis muaj tubing ntxiv ntawm lub valve thiab tus neeg mob lub qhov ntswg/qhov ncauj. Yog li, rau daim ntawv thov tiag tiag, qhov ntev ntawm tubing ntawm BVM thiab tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom tsawg.

-Qhov tsim lub tshuab ua pa no tsis pom zoo los ntawm FDA thiab tsuas yog suav tias yog LAST RESORT xaiv. Nws tau txhob txwm tsim los kom yooj yim sib sau ua ke los ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hauv tsev kho mob thiab cov khoom lag luam rau cov xwm txheej uas muaj kev xaiv zoo dua/zoo dua li yooj yim dua. Txhawb kev txhim kho!

Pom zoo: