Cov txheej txheem:
- Kauj Ruam 1: Cheebtsam thiab Cov Cuab Yeej
- Kauj Ruam 2: Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Cov Hluav Taws Xob
- Kauj ruam 3: Tswj Seccion
- Kauj Ruam 4: Lub Hwj Chim Loj
- Kauj Ruam 5: PCB Tsim: Schematic and Component Organization
- Kauj Ruam 6: PCB Tsim: Ntug Ntug thiab Mounting Qhov
- Kauj Ruam 7: PCB Tsim: Sab Saum Toj Kev
- Kauj Ruam 8: PCB Tsim: Txoj Kev Hauv Qab
- Kauj Ruam 9: Gerber Cov Ntaub Ntawv thiab xaj cov PCBs
- Kauj Ruam 10: Sib dhos PCB
- Kauj ruam 11: Software
- Kauj Ruam 12: Xaus
Video: Lub Suab Tswj Tsev V1.0: 12 Cov Kauj Ruam
2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25
Ob peb hlis dhau los Kuv tau txais tus pabcuam tus kheej, tshwj xeeb yog Echo Dot nruab nrog Alexa. Kuv xaiv nws vim tias kuv tshawb pom tias hauv txoj hauv kev yooj yim tuaj yeem ntxiv cov plugins los tswj lub cuab yeej tawm thiab zoo li teeb, kiv cua, thiab lwm yam. Hauv khw muag khoom online Kuv tau pom ntau tus lej ntawm cov khoom siv uas ua tiav txoj haujlwm no, thiab yog thaum kuv xav …. vim li cas ho tsis ua koj tus kheej?
Nrog lub tswv yim no hauv siab, Kuv pib tsim lub rooj tsavxwm nrog Wi-nkaus txuas thiab 4 qhov tso tawm. Hauv qab no kuv yuav piav qhia cov qauv tsim ib qib zuj zus los ntawm daim duab qhia chaw, PCB tsim, tsim qauv thiab ntsuas qhov ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau zoo.
NTA
- Wifi network txuas
- 100 / 240VAC input voltage
- 4 Cov zis tso tawm (Tshaj siab tshaj 10A)
- Lub hwj chim qhia LED
- 4 LED lub hwj chim qhia ntawm kev xa tawm
- Programming lub taub hau
- Pib dua khawm
Kauj Ruam 1: Cheebtsam thiab Cov Cuab Yeej
Cheebtsam
- 3 Resistors 0805 ntawm 1k ohm
- 5 Resistors 0805 ntawm 220 ohms
- 2 Resistors 0805 ntawm 10k ohms
- 1 Resistor 0805 ntawm 4.7k ohms
- 2 Capacitors 0805 ntawm 0.1uf
- 2 Capacitors 0805 ntawm 10uf
- 4 Diodes ES1B lossis zoo ib yam ntawm 100v 1A SMA pob
- 1 Kev ntsuas hluav taws xob AMS1117-3.3
- 4 Ntsuab LED's 0805
- 1 Liab LED 0805
- 4 Transistors NPN MMBT2222A lossis pob SOT23 zoo sib xws
- 1 ESP 12-E Wi-nkaus module
- 1 Hwj chim Mov HLK-PM01
- 1 Hloov cov cuab yeej SMD
- 1 Pin header ntawm 6 txoj haujlwm
- 5 Terminal Thaiv ntawm 2 txoj haujlwm 5.08mm suab
- 4 Relays ntawm 5VDC
Cov cuab yeej
- Qhov chaw nres tsheb Soldering lossis ceev ceev ntawm 25-30 Watts
- Cov hlau lead
- Dej ntws
- Tweezers
- Desoldering xyoob
Kauj Ruam 2: Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Cov Hluav Taws Xob
Rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm Circuit 2 yuav tsum muaj qhov hluav taws xob, ib qho ntawm 3.3 VDC rau ntu kev tswj hwm, thiab lwm qhov ntawm 5 VDC rau ntu fais fab, raws li lub tswv yim yog tias pawg thawj coj muaj txhua yam tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm, siv qhov hloov pauv uas ncaj qha muab khoom siv 5v thiab siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kab hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb, qhov no cawm peb los ntawm kev xav tau lub zog hluav taws xob sab nraud thiab peb tsuas yog xav tau ntxiv 3.3v linear regulator (LDO).
Nrog rau cov lus saum toj no hauv siab, raws li qhov chaw kuv tau xaiv Hi-Link HLK-PM01 uas muaj qhov hluav taws xob nkag ntawm 100-240VAC ntawm 0.1A thiab tso tawm ntawm 5VDC ntawm 0.6A, ua raws qhov no, Kuv tso qhov dav siv AMS1117-3.3 tus tswj hwm uas twb muaj lawm thiab yog li yooj yim muaj.
Kev sab laj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm AMS1117 koj yuav pom qhov txiaj ntsig rau kev tawm tswv yim thiab tso tawm lub zog, cov no yog 0.1uf thiab 10uf rau cov tswv yim thiab lwm ntu sib npaug rau cov zis. Thaum kawg, Kuv tso lub cim qhia hluav taws xob LED nrog nws qhov kev txwv tsis pub ua haujlwm, uas yog xam tau yooj yim siv txoj cai ohm:
R = 5V-Vled / Iled
R = 5 - 2 / 0.015 = 200
Tam sim no ntawm 15mA hauv kev coj ua yog li nws tsis ci kom ci ntsa iab thiab ua kom ntev nws lub neej.
Kauj ruam 3: Tswj Seccion
Rau ntu no kuv tau xaiv ESP-12-E Wi-Fi module vim nws me me, pheej yig thiab yooj yim heev rau siv nrog Arduino IDE. Txij li tus qauv muaj txhua yam tsim nyog rau nws txoj haujlwm, kho vajtse sab nraud tsim nyog rau ESP los ua haujlwm yog tsawg.
Ib yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias qee qhov GPIO ntawm tus qauv tsis pom zoo siv thiab lwm tus muaj cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb, tom ntej no kuv yuav qhia lub rooj hais txog tus pin thiab cov haujlwm uas lawv ua tiav:
GPIO --------- Tawm tswv yim ---------------- Cov Lus Qhia ---------------------- --- Sau ntawv
GPIO16 ------ tsis cuam tshuam ------ tsis muaj PWM lossis I2C kev txhawb nqa --- Siab ntawm khau raj siv los ua kom tsaug zog tsaug zog
GPIO5 ------- OK ------------------- OK --------------- feem ntau siv ua SCL (I2C)
GPIO4 ------- OK ------------------- OK --------------- feem ntau siv ua SDA (I2C)
GPIO0 ------- rub tawm ---------- OK --------------- Tsawg rau FLASH hom, khau raj tsis yog rub qis
GPIO2 ------- rub tawm ---------- OK --------------- khau raj tsis ua yog rub qis
GPIO14 ----- OK ------------------- OK --------------- SPI (SCLK)
GPIO12 ----- OK ------------------- OK --------------- SPI (MISO)
GPIO13 ----- OK ------------------- OK --------------- SPI (MOSI)
GPIO15 ----- rub mus rau GND ---- OK --------------- SPI (CS) Boot tsis ua yog rub siab
GPIO3 ------- OK ------------------- RX tus pin ---------- Siab ntawm khau raj
GPIO1 ------- TX pin -------------- OK --------------- Siab ntawm khau raj, khau raj ua tsis tau yog rub qis
ADC0 -------- Analog Input ----- X
Cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no tau pom ntawm qhov txuas hauv qab no:
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no, Kuv tau xaiv tus pin 5, 4, 12 thiab 14 raws li cov txiaj ntsig digital uas yuav qhib rau txhua qhov kev xa tawm, cov no yog qhov ruaj khov tshaj plaws thiab nyab xeeb rau kev ua haujlwm.
Thaum kawg kuv ntxiv qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm, rov pib khawm ntawm tus pin, tus tiv thaiv txuas nrog lub zog ntawm tus pin pab, tiv thaiv rau hauv av ntawm GPIO15, lub taub hau uas tau siv los txuas FTDI rau TX, RX pins thiab hauv av GPIO0 kom tso tus qauv hauv hom Flash.
Kauj Ruam 4: Lub Hwj Chim Loj
Tshooj lus no yuav saib xyuas kev siv cov zis 3.3VDCs ntawm GPIO cov chaw nres nkoj kom qhib kev sib txuas. Kev xa tawm xav tau lub zog ntau dua li qhov muab los ntawm tus ESP tus pin, yog li yuav tsum muaj lub transistor los qhib nws, qhov no peb siv MMBT2222A.
Peb yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tam sim no uas yuav dhau los ntawm tus neeg sau khoom (Ic), nrog cov ntaub ntawv no peb tuaj yeem suav qhov tsis kam uas yuav muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm transistor. Hauv qhov no, Ic yuav yog qhov suav ntawm qhov tam sim no uas dhau los ntawm kev xa xov txuas thiab tam sim no ntawm LED uas qhia txog qhov hluav taws kub:
Ic = Irelay + Iled
Ic = 75mA + 15mA = 90mA
Txij li thaum peb muaj Ic tam sim no peb tuaj yeem suav qhov pib tsis kam ntawm transistor (Rb) tab sis peb xav tau cov ntaub ntawv txuas ntxiv, qhov nce ntawm transistor (hFE), uas yog MMBT2222A muaj tus nqi 40 (nce yog dimensionless, yog li nws tsis muaj chav ntsuas) thiab qhov muaj peev xwm thaiv (VL) uas hauv silicon transistors muaj tus nqi 0.7v. Nrog rau qhov saum toj no peb tuaj yeem npaj mus laij lej Rb nrog cov qauv hauv qab no:
Rb = [(VGPIO - VL) (hFE)] / Ic
Rb = [(3.3 - 0.7) (40)] / 0.09 = 1155.55 ohms
Raws li kev suav saum toj no, Kuv xaiv qhov tsis kam ntawm 1kohm.
Thaum kawg, lub diode tau muab tso ua ke mus rau qhov txuas txuas nrog cathode ntsib Vcc. ES1B diode tiv thaiv FEM rov qab (FEM, lossis Rov Qab Siv Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob yog qhov hluav taws xob uas tshwm sim thaum qhov tam sim no los ntawm cov kauj sib txawv)
Kauj Ruam 5: PCB Tsim: Schematic and Component Organization
Txog kev piav qhia ntxiv ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab daim npav Kuv tau siv Eagle software.
Nws pib los ntawm kev ua cov txheej txheem ntawm PCB, nws yuav tsum ntes txhua qhov kev piav qhia yav dhau los ntawm ib feem ntawm Circuit, nws pib los ntawm kev tso lub cim ntawm txhua feem uas sib koom ua ke, tom qab ntawd kev sib txuas ntawm txhua feem tau ua, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tsis txhob txuas yuam kev, qhov ua yuam kev no yuav raug cuam tshuam hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob ua rau muaj qhov tsis ua haujlwm. Thaum kawg, qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm txhua feem yuav raug qhia raws li tau suav hauv cov kauj ruam dhau los.
Tam sim no peb tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv nrog kev tsim daim npav, thawj qhov peb yuav tsum tau ua yog npaj cov khoom kom lawv nyob hauv qhov chaw tsawg tshaj plaws, qhov no yuav txo tus nqi tsim khoom. Tus kheej, Kuv nyiam npaj cov khoom sib xws hauv txoj hauv kev uas tsim kom muaj qhov sib luag tau txais txiaj ntsig, qhov kev coj ua no pab kuv thaum hloov pauv, ua kom yooj yim dua thiab zoo nkauj dua.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws kab sib chaws thaum haum rau cov khoom siv thiab txoj hauv kev, hauv kuv qhov xwm txheej kuv siv 25mil daim phiaj, los ntawm IPC txoj cai, cov khoom yuav tsum muaj kev sib cais ntawm lawv, feem ntau qhov kev sib cais no kuj yog 25mil.
Kauj Ruam 6: PCB Tsim: Ntug Ntug thiab Mounting Qhov
Muaj tag nrho cov khoom nyob hauv qhov chaw, peb tuaj yeem txiav tawm PCB, siv txheej "20 Dimension", ib puag ncig ntawm pawg thawj coj tau kos, ua kom ntseeg tau tias txhua yam khoom siv sab hauv.
Raws li kev txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb, nws tsim nyog hais tias Wi-Fi module muaj lub kav hlau txais xov sib xyaw ua ke hauv PCB, txhawm rau zam kev txo qis kev txais tos ntawm lub teeb liab, Kuv tau txiav qis hauv qab thaj tsam uas lub kav hlau txais xov nyob.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, peb tab tom ua haujlwm nrog hloov pauv tam sim no, qhov no muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm 50 txog 60Hz nyob ntawm lub tebchaws uas koj yog, qhov zaus no tuaj yeem tsim suab nrov hauv cov cim digital, yog li nws yog qhov zoo cais cov ntu uas ua haujlwm kev hloov pauv tam sim no los ntawm cov digital, qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev txiav hauv daim npav ze ntawm thaj chaw uas qhov hloov pauv tam sim no yuav nthuav tawm. Qhov saum toj no tseem yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj qhov luv Circuit Court ntawm PCB.
Thaum kawg, kev teeb tsa qhov rooj tau muab tso rau hauv 4 lub ces kaum ntawm PCB kom yog tias koj xav muab nws tso rau hauv lub txee, qhov kev tso kawm yog yooj yim thiab nrawm.
Kauj Ruam 7: PCB Tsim: Sab Saum Toj Kev
Peb pib qhov kev lom zem, kev xa mus, yog ua kom muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv raws li qee qhov kev txiav txim siab xws li taug qab dav thiab tig kaum. Feem ntau, Kuv xub ua qhov kev sib txuas uas tsis muaj zog thiab hauv av, txij li thaum kawg kuv ua nrog cov phiaj xwm.
Parallel av thiab dav hlau dav hlau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev txo lub suab nrov ntawm lub zog siv hluav taws xob vim nws lub peev xwm tsis muaj peev xwm thiab yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm thoob plaws thaj tsam dav tshaj plaws ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Lawv kuj pab peb txo hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (EMI).
Rau txoj kab peb yuav tsum tau ceev faj kom tsis txhob tig rov qab nrog 90 ° lub kaum ntse ntse, tsis yog dav heev lossis tsis dhau. Hauv online koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov cuab yeej uas pab peb suav qhov dav ntawm txoj kab kev coj mus rau hauv tus account qhov ntsuas kub, tam sim no uas yuav nthuav tawm thiab qhov ntom ntawm tooj liab ntawm PCB: https://www.4pcb.com/trace-width-calculator. html
Kauj Ruam 8: PCB Tsim: Txoj Kev Hauv Qab
Ntawm lub ntsej muag hauv qab peb ua qhov tsis muaj kev sib txuas thiab hauv qhov chaw ntau tshaj uas peb tau tso rau hauv av thiab lub dav hlau, peb tuaj yeem pom tias muaj ntau qhov vias raug tso uas txuas rau hauv av dav hlau ntawm ob lub ntsej muag, qhov kev xyaum no yog kom tsis txhob muaj av hauv av.
Cov av hauv av yog 2 cov ntsiab lus uas kev xav yuav tsum muaj peev xwm zoo ib yam tab sis lawv yeej tsis yog vim qhov tsis kam ntawm cov khoom siv.
Cov ciav hlau los ntawm kev sib txuas lus sib txuas mus rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg kuj tseem raug nthuav tawm, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho nrog cov laug thiab tiv lub siab tam sim no thauj khoom yam tsis muaj cua sov thiab hlawv.
Kauj Ruam 9: Gerber Cov Ntaub Ntawv thiab xaj cov PCBs
Gerber cov ntaub ntawv tau siv los ntawm kev lag luam luam tawm pawg thawj coj los tsim PCBs, lawv muaj txhua cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog rau lawv cov khoom lag luam, xws li txheej tooj liab, daim npog ntsej muag, daim iav, thiab lwm yam.
Kev xa tawm cov ntaub ntawv Gerber los ntawm Eagle yog qhov yooj yim heev siv qhov "Tsim CAM Cov Ntaub Ntawv" xaiv, CAM tus txheej txheem tsim cov ntawv.zip uas muaj 10 cov ntawv sib xws rau cov txheej txheem PCB hauv qab no:
- Tooj Tooj
- Hauv qab Silkscreen
- Qab Solder Paste
- Qab Soldermask
- Zeb Txheej
- Tooj liab
- Sab saum toj Silkscreen
- Sab saum toj Solder Paste
- Sab saum toj Soldermask
- Laum Cov Ntaub Ntawv
Tam sim no yog lub sijhawm tig peb cov ntaub ntawv Gerber rau hauv PCB tiag. Tshaj tawm kuv cov ntaub ntawv Gerber hauv JLCPCB los tsim kuv li PCB. Lawv cov kev pabcuam tau nrawm heev. Kuv tau txais kuv li PCB hauv Mexico hauv 10 hnub.
Kauj Ruam 10: Sib dhos PCB
Tam sim no peb muaj PCBs, peb tau npaj rau kev sib dhos ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, rau qhov no peb yuav xav tau lub chaw nres tsheb solder, cov laug, cov dej ntws tawm, tus tweezers thiab mesh rau desolder.
Peb yuav pib los ntawm kev siv tag nrho cov neeg tawm tsam hauv lawv qhov chaw, peb tso me me ntawm cov laug rau ntawm ib ntawm ob daim ntaub qhwv, peb tau txuas lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm qhov tsis kam thiab peb txuas ntxiv rau qhov seem dav dav, peb yuav rov ua qhov no hauv txhua qhov ntawm cov resistors.
Ib yam nkaus, peb yuav txuas ntxiv nrog cov capacitors thiab LEDs, peb yuav tsum tau ceev faj nrog tom kawg vim tias lawv muaj lub cim ntsuab me me uas qhia txog cathode.
Peb yuav ua haujlwm txuas rau lub diodes, transistors, tus tswj hluav taws xob thiab khawm thawb. Nws hwm cov polarity cim ntawm diodes uas nws qhia lub silkscreen, tseem yuav tau ceev faj thaum siv cov transistors, ua kom sov ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau lawv puas.
Tam sim no peb yuav tso tus qauv Wi-Fi, ua ntej peb yuav muab tus pin saib xyuas uas nws tau ua tiav zoo, ua tiav qhov no, peb yuav muab tag nrho cov koob ntxiv.
Nws tseem tsuas yog txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm
Raws li cov kauj ruam ntxiv, peb yuav ntxiv dag zog rau kev nthuav tawm ntawm cov khoom sib txuas nrog cov tin, raws li kuv tau hais ua ntej, qhov no yuav pab txoj kev tiv thaiv ntau dua tam sim no yam tsis hlawv.
Kauj ruam 11: Software
Txog rau txheej txheem kuv teeb tsa Arduino fauxmoesp lub tsev qiv ntawv, nrog lub tsev qiv ntawv no koj tuaj yeem ua raws li Phillips Hawj teeb, txawm hais tias koj tseem tuaj yeem tswj qib ci ci, lub rooj tsavxwm no tsuas yog ua haujlwm qhib / tua xwb.
Kuv tso koj qhov txuas yog li koj tuaj yeem rub tawm thiab teeb tsa lub tsev qiv ntawv:
Siv tus lej piv txwv los ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv no thiab hloov kho qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej, Kuv tawm ntawm Arduino code rau koj kom rub tawm thiab sim.
Kauj Ruam 12: Xaus
Thaum cov cuab yeej tau sib sau ua ke thiab teeb tsa, peb yuav pib ntsuas nws txoj haujlwm, peb tsuas yog yuav tsum tso lub hwj huam hluav taws xob tso rau hauv lub rooj tsav dav hlau sab saud thiab txuas nws mus rau lub qhov (socket) uas muab 100-240VAC, lub teeb liab liab (ON) teeb, yuav nrhiav lub network ntawm internet thiab yuav txuas.
peb nkag mus rau peb daim ntawv thov Alexa thiab thov kom koj tshawb nrhiav cov cuab yeej tshiab, cov txheej txheem no yuav siv sijhawm kwv yees li 45 feeb. Yog tias txhua yam raug, koj yuav tsum pom 4 lub cuab yeej tshiab, ib qho rau txhua qhov txuas ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm.
Tam sim no nws tsuas yog qhia Alexa kom tig lub cuab yeej qhib thiab kaw, qhov kev sim no tau qhia hauv video.
Npaj txhij !!! Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem qhib thiab tua nrog koj tus pabcuam tus kheej lub cuab yeej koj xav tau.
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