Point-to-point Voltage Controlled Oscillator: 29 Kauj Ruam

2024 Tus sau: John Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-30 09:25

Nyob zoo!

Koj tau pom ib qhov haujlwm uas peb coj ib qho pheej yig tiag tiag microchip, CD4069 (zoo), thiab lo qee qhov rau nws, thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws-ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tswj oscillator! Cov ntawv peb yuav tsim tsuas yog muaj cov pom lossis nce toj nthwv dej, uas yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws nthwv dej los siv rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Nws yog kev ntxias kom tau txais lub sine wave lossis daim duab peb sab yoj lossis PWM-muaj peev xwm square yoj, thiab koj tuaj yeem ntxiv rau hauv Circuit Court thiab tau txais cov ntawd. Tab sis qhov ntawd yuav yog qhov haujlwm sib txawv.

Koj yuav tsis xav tau PCB lossis kab txaij los yog perfboard lossis txhua yam ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, tsuas yog cov khoom siv thiab cov nti thiab ob peb lub zog ntsuas thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev ua siab ntev thiab kev sib koom tes nrog lub qhov muag. Yog tias koj xis nyob dua nrog qee yam ntawm pawg thawj coj saib, tej zaum muaj cov haujlwm uas koj xav tau zoo dua. Yog tias koj nyob ntawm no rau qhov kev tawm tsam deadbug, nyeem!

Txoj haujlwm no yog ua raws VCO no los ntawm René Schmitz, hloov kho me ntsis, yog li ua tsaug ntau rau nws rau kev tsim thiab cov phiaj xwm zoo. Txoj haujlwm no tsis siv cov cua sov tiv thaiv thiab tsis quav ntsej PWM-muaj peev xwm plaub fab ntu ntu. Yog tias koj xav tau cov yam ntxwv no, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv lawv! Txoj haujlwm no muaj cov teeb liab ruaj khov dua, txawm li cas los xij.

Khoom siv

Nov yog yam koj xav tau!

1 CD4069 (lossis CD4049) microchip

• 2 100K potentiometers (qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 10K thiab 1M yuav ua haujlwm)
• 1680R resistor
• 2 10K resistors
• 222K tiv thaiv
• 1 1.5K resistor
• 3 100K resistors
• 11M tiv thaiv
• 1 1.8M resistor (txhua yam ntawm 1M rau 2.2M yuav ua haujlwm)
• 11 1K multiturn kuj sib txawv resistor, trimmer
• 100nF ceramic disc capacitor

• 2.2nF zaj duab xis capacitor (lwm qhov txiaj ntsig yuav tsum zoo, ntawm 1nF thiab hais 10nF?)

• 1uF electrolytic capacitor
• 21N4148 diodes
• 1 NPN transistor 2N3906 (lwm NPN transistors yuav ua haujlwm tab sis ceev faj tus pinout !!!)
• 1 PNP transistor 2N3904 (lwm PNP transistors yuav ua haujlwm tab sis bewaaareee lub piiinoooouttt !!!)
• 1 tin tuaj yeem nrog lub hau txiav tawm siv "Tsis Yog Ntws Ntes !!!!!" hom tuaj yeem qhib
• Ntau Cov Xov thiab Cov Khoom

Kauj ruam 1: Nov yog Chip. Peb mus rau Mangle Nws. Mangle Mangle

Nov yog tib daim ntawv uas peb xav tau rau txoj haujlwm no! Nws yog CD4069, hex inverter. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias nws tau txais rau "rooj vag" uas coj qhov hluav taws xob tso rau hauv ib tus pin thiab hloov nws tawm mus rau lwm qhov. Yog tias koj muab cov nti no nrog 12V thiab hauv av, thiab tso ntau dua 6V rau hauv lub inverter cov tswv yim, nws yuav tig cov zis LOW (0 volts). Muab tsawg dua 6V rau hauv lub inverter cov tswv yim, thiab nws yuav tig cov zis HIGH (12V). Hauv lub ntiaj teb tiag, nti tsis tuaj yeem tig ob txoj hauv kev tam sim ntawd, thiab yog tias koj siv lub zog tiv thaiv nruab nrab ntawm cov zis thiab cov tswv yim, koj tuaj yeem ua me ntsis hloov pauv lub suab nrov! Cov no yog cov khoom nthuav ntawm cov nti no, uas peb yuav ua kom zoo dua los tsim peb VCO!

Cov pins hauv txhua ICs suav nrog pib ntawm tus pin mus rau sab laug ntawm qhov thais ntawm ib kawg ntawm nti. Lawv suav nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nti rov qab-clockwise, yog li tus pin sab laug sab saum toj yog tus pin 1, thiab ntawm tus nti no, tus sab xis sab xis yog tus pin 14. raj, yuav muaj tus pin 1, thiab hauv qab ntawm lub raj yuav suav tus lej raws ib ncig ntawm lub voj voog.

Hauv cov kauj ruam no peb yuav mangle cov pins zoo li no: pins 1, 2, 8, 11, thiab 13 txhua tus tau txais cov yuag yuag txiav tawm. Koj tsis tas yuav txiav lawv li ntawd, tab sis nws yuav ua kom yooj yim dua tom qab.

Pins 3, 5, thiab 7 tau khoov hauv qab nti.

Pins 4 thiab 6 tau ripped txoj cai tawm, peb tsis xav tau cov pins rau txoj haujlwm no!

Pins 9 thiab 10 tau txais cov tawv nqaij khoov rau ib leeg.

Peb yuav muab cov no tso ua ke tom qab.

Tus Pin 14 tau mangled kom txog rau thaum nws tau taw qhia rau pem hauv ntej zoo li coj txawv txawv yoga pose.

Kauj ruam 2: Tig Chip

Tig lub nti rov qab! Pom zoo tias txhua tus pin zoo li lawv tau ua hauv daim duab no, thiab ntuav 100nF capacitor rau hauv Circuit Court zoo li no.

Tus capacitor txuas rau tus pin 14, ze, tom qab ntawd lwm ceg qis hauv qab tus pin 3, 5, thiab 7. Tus pin 14 yuav yog + tus lej pin, thiab tus pin 7 txuas rau hauv av. Pins 3 thiab 5 kuj tseem txuas rau hauv av kom lawv tsis txhob tawm (lawv yog cov tswv yim) thiab peb tuaj yeem siv lawv ua qhov chaw yooj yim los txuas rau lwm qhov uas xav tau rau hauv av.

Kauj Ruam 3: Me Twisty Tiv Thaiv

Wb ua qhov no rau ib khub ntawm 10K resistors.

Tom qab ntawd, cia peb muab lawv txuas rau tus pin 2 ntawm CD4069 zoo li ntawd.

Kauj ruam 4:

Lwm qhov xaus ntawm 10K cov neeg tawm tsam tau txuas nrog tus pin 11 thiab tus pin 13.

Tam sim no, eagle-eyed Instructabreaders Instructabreaders yuav pom tias cov nti no yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg txawv ntawm qhov kuv tau siv ua ntej. Koj pom, kuv tau cuam tshuam lwm qhov kev tsim, thiab tswj hwm los kho nws, tab sis nws tsis zoo, yog li kuv siv CD4069 no, uas yog los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom sib txawv.

Kauj Ruam 5: Ob khub 22K Resistors WHAAATTT?

Huag, saib! Thawj daim duab qhia pom 22K resistor ntawm tus pin 8 thiab 11.

Daim duab tom ntej no qhia txog 22K resistor txuas nrog tus pin 12 thiab 13. Nws yuav yooj yim dua rau solder tus ncaj resistor ceg ua ntej rau tus pin 12, tom qab ntawd khoov tus resistor ceg hla mus kov tus pin 13, thiab ntaus nws nrog cov hlau txuas.

Kauj Ruam 6: Qhov No Yog Dab Tsi?!?

Dab tsi hauv ntiaj teb? Qhov no yog dab tsi? Nws yog diode. Sab dub ntawm lub diode mus rau tus pin 1, sab tsis-dub-kab txaij txuas rau tus pin 8. Ua tus niiiiiceice thiab ncaj, thiab saib zoo zoo kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj hlau kov lwm yam uas ua los ntawm hlau. Tsuas yog cov khoom koj tau siv ua ke. Cov ntawd yog qhov tseeb kov.

Lub cev ntawm hom diode no yog ua los ntawm iav, yog li nws tuaj yeem kov cov khoom hlau thiab tsis muaj dab tsi phem yuav tshwm sim.

Kauj ruam 7: Lwm Diode! thiab Resistor Qhia Tawm

Nov yog lwm qhov diode! Thiab 680 ohm resistor. Muab lawv ua ke zoo li ntawd.

Thiab tsis quav ntsej qhov 680 ohm resistor ua douchey flagpole nqaij showoff pose. Dab vwm.

Kauj ruam 8:

Dab tsi peb tau ua ntawm no yog siv 2.2nF capacitor (hom yeeb yaj kiab, tab sis ua siab ncaj txhua yam yuav zoo) thiab muab nws tso rau ntawm qhov tsis-dub-kab txaij sab ntawm diode-resistor yam.

Kev sib dhos me me mus zoo li ntawd. Cov ceg dawb ntawm tus capacitor mus rau tus pin 1, tus tiv thaiv thiab diode ceg mus rau tus pin 2.

Auj, nco qab tias kuv yuav tsum tau siv cov nti sib txawv li cas? Qhov no yog qhov yuam kev kuv tau ua, Kuv tau siv ib qho ntawm 10K resistors los ntawm qib 3 mus rau tus pin 1. Qhov ntawd tsis yog lawm. Nws yog yuam kev. Kuv messed thiab yuav tsum tau rov ua cov kauj ruam (nrog qhov sib txawv style 4069 nti!) Rau cov duab ntawd.

Koj qhov kev tsim yuav muaj qhov xaus ntawm ob lub resistors txuas nrog tus pin 2. Qhov ntawd yog qhov raug. Tsis txhob poob siab.

Saib qhov tsis ncaj ncees tso 10K tus tiv thaiv thiab txiav txim rau kuv.

Kauj Ruam 9: Zoo Siab Me Transistor

Lob tus NPN transistor tom ntej. Ib qho qub NPN transistor yuav ua, tab sis lawv tsis tas yuav qhia pinouts, yog li tej zaum tsuas yog lo nrog 2N3904. 2N2222 transistors yuav ua haujlwm ib yam nkaus (thiab lawv muaj lub npe txias dua, tag nrho ob qho ntawd!) Tab sis BC547 muaj tus pin lwm txoj hauv kev. Yog tias koj maj nrawm thiab txhua yam koj tau txais yog BCs, Kuv yuav tso nws rau koj kom txiav txim siab yuav khoov tus pin li cas.

Kauj Ruam 10: 2N3904 koom nrog Txoj Haujlwm

Nov yog qhov uas 2N3904 mus. Khoov tus pin ze rau lub koob yees duab yog txhais ceg nrog tus xub rau nws hauv kab zauv, "tsis taw tes rau" xub uas lub npe luv NPN sawv rau (nws tsis sawv rau Tsis Taw iN). Yog li tus xub xub mus rau hauv av. Nco ntsoov cov pins peb khoov hauv qab lub nti thiab txuas nrog rau hauv av sab hauv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ceramic? Tias yog vim li cas peb txuas ceg mus rau tus pin 3, tsis yog vim nws yog tus pin 3, tab sis vim nws yog av.

Kuv tau zam kev ua menyuam yaus cov lus tso dag txog qhov nruab nrab ceg txog tam sim no, thiab yuav txuas ntxiv kom tsis txhob ua cov lus dag menyuam yaus.

Kauj Ruam 11: Lwm Yam Flavour of Transistor. Yum

Transistors tuaj hauv ob qhov tsw qab, NPN thiab PNP. NPNs feem ntau me ntsis feem ntau vim tias … ib yam dab tsi txog lawv tuaj yeem hla dhau tam sim no yog li muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tswj cov cuab yeej kos duab zoo dua tam sim no xws li lub cav lossis ib yam dab tsi. Tab sis qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev lawv tig rau. NPN transistors tso cai rau tam sim no dhau thaum koj muab qhov hluav taws xob rau lawv lub hauv paus. PNP transistors tso cai rau tam sim no hla thaum koj muab txoj hauv kev rau hauv av (lossis ntau qhov tsis zoo-qhov hluav taws xob) rau lawv lub hauv paus. Koj tuaj yeem qhia tus transistor yog PNP hauv kev qhia paub vim hais tias tus xub yog taw qhia iN (Thov).

2N3906 transistor yog PNP transistor. Hais nyob zoo.

Xijpeem, koj tsis tas yuav khoov tus pin ntawm koj 2N3906 kom tau nws hauv txoj haujlwm no, tseem tsis tau, yam tsawg. Koj tsuas yog npuaj lub ntsej muag tiaj tus ntawm transistor tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag tiaj tus ntawm lwm lub transistor (qhov me me ntawm superglue ntawm no yuav ua rau qee yam yooj yim dua) thiab muab lub nruab nrab tus pin ntawm thawj transistor rau tus pin ze rau lub koob yees duab ntawm ob transistor. Muaj ob ntu no sib kov ib leeg yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lawv pab VCO nyob twj ywm txawm tias qhov kub hloov pauv.

Xav paub ntau ntxiv txog "kub" thiab "nyob rau hauv" tom qab ntawd. Tab sis rau tam sim no …

Kauj Ruam 12: Tam sim no peb tuaj yeem khoov ob txhais ceg

Nov yog qee qhov txiav cov ceg transistor. Ob txhais ceg ntev nruab nrab ntawm thawj lub transistor thiab ob txhais ceg ntawm ob lub transistor tau txiav luv. Peb tuaj yeem txiav lawv tawm ntawm qhov chaw uas lawv tau muag ua ke. Qhov nruab nrab ceg ntawm ob lub transistor tau txiav zoo li ntawd, thiab lwm sab ceg ntawm lub transistor tau khoov tawm ntawm txoj kev.

Tom qab ntawd, lwm sab ceg yuav txuas nrog qhov tsis zoo. Nws tsuas yog ib feem ntawm VCO cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas nrog rau txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau tsis zoo (ntxiv rau lub suab-teeb tsa lub zog potentiometers).

Muaj, uh, ob txoj kev pom ntawm nws. Koj tuaj yeem pom tias kuv tsis tau lo cov transistors ua ke, tab sis yog tias koj tau txais superglue ua ke, koj kuj yuav zoo ib yam!

Kauj Ruam 13: Nws yog Mysterious Blue Box

Saib! Blue trimmer! Nrog tus lej 102 nyob rau sab saum toj !!! Kuv tsis tau tham txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tiv thaiv cov npe kev sib tham tsis tau, yog li npaj kom rub qee qhov kev paub rau hauv koj lub hlwb. Thawj ob tus lej yog tus nqi, tus lej thib peb yog pes tsawg tus xoom los npuaj qhov kawg. Yog li 102 txhais tau tias tus tiv thaiv yog 10, 2 txhais tau tias muaj ob qhov xoom nyob rau qhov kawg. 1000! Ib txhiab ohms.

Capacitors ua raws tib lub rooj sib tham, tshwj tsis yog chav tsev tsis yog ohms, nws yog picofarads. 222 capacitor hauv cov kauj ruam dhau los yog 2200 picofarads, uas yog 2.2 nanofarads (thiab 0.022 microfarads).

Txoj cai. Lob tus ceg ze rau qhov ntsia hlau hloov thiab khoov nws tawm. Nqa ob txhais ceg nruab nrab thiab khoov nws tib yam nkaus. Zoo, peb tau ua tiav qhov ntawd.

Kauj Ruam 14: Saib Yuav Ua Li Cas Peb Nyiam

Nov yog qhov chaw trimmer mus. Peb tab tom txuas ob txoj hlua khi-ua ke rau hauv av, thiab tus lej tus lej 5 yog qhov chaw yooj yim los ua qhov ntawd.

Muaj ob txoj kev pom ntawm tib yam.

Kauj Ruam 15: Nov yog Tus Tiv Thaiv Zoo Nkauj

Nqa 1.5K tus tiv thaiv los ntawm qhov uas koj khaws koj li 1.5K tus tiv thaiv thiab txuas ib qho kawg ntawm nws mus rau qhov tsis tau cog ceg ntawm lub tshuab txiav, thiab lwm ceg mus rau nruab nrab txhais ceg ntawm ob lub transistor. Lub ntsiab lus ntawd nyob ntawd, qhov 1.5K tus tiv thaiv txuas rau nruab nrab ceg ntawm lub transistor, yog qhov uas tswj qhov hluav taws xob yuav nkag mus rau hauv Circuit Court. Qhov zoo dua qhov hluav taws xob ntawm no yuav ua rau oscillator oscillate sai dua! Khawv koob !!!

Kauj Ruam 16: Ib lab Ohms

Lob 1M (ib megaohm) resistor thiab muab nws pov rau hauv koj lub Circuit Court ntawm no. Ib txhais ceg mus rau tus lej tus lej 14 ntawm 4069 nti (qhov no yog qhov twg + lub zog yuav txuas nrog) thiab lwm ceg mus rau qhov twg nruab nrab ceg ntawm thawj lub transistor thiab ob txhais ceg sab ntawm ob lub transistor tau muab muag ua ke.

Yog vim li cas peb tos kom txog tam sim no ntxiv qhov no yog vim tias 1.5K resistor mus los ntawm transistor mus rau trimmer, transistor yuav tsum tau tuav nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thaum peb yaj cov khoom ua yav dhau los ua ke. Ib qho txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov kab hluav taws xob zoo li qhov no yog kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom nyob twj ywm yog tias koj xav tau rov ua dua ib qho pob qij txha.

Kauj Ruam 17: Tawm tsam ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Loj !

Saib! Nws yog lub zog loj loj! Npog hauv cov laug laus thiab pleev xim!

Potentiometers txhua tus muaj tus pinouts zoo ib yam, yog li yog tias koj zoo li txawv ntawm qhov no nws tsis ua li cas, tsuav yog koj xaim nws zoo ib yam li qhov haujlwm no. Koj tuaj yeem siv qhov txiaj ntsig sib txawv, los ntawm 10K txog 1M, thiab qhov kev sib tw no yuav ua haujlwm zoo ib yam nkaus.

Yog li txawm li cas los xij, yws ib puag ncig hauv koj lub thoob khib nyiab hluav taws xob (lossis xijpeem) thiab nrhiav lub hwjchim uas koj tsis siv. Kuv nyiam khoov kuv ob txhais ceg potentiometer zoo li ntawd, txij li kuv tuaj yeem khawm ntau pob qhov rooj hauv kuv lub ntsej muag li ntawd. Hauv qhov haujlwm no uas peb tab tom txuas cov kab hluav taws xob ncaj qha rau ob txhais ceg potentiometer, yog li kom lawv khoov zoo li qhov no pab tau.

Kauj ruam 18:

Okay! Kuv xav txog potentiometers li muaj ib sab "siab" thiab sab "qis". Thaum koj siv lub zog ntsuas kom txo lub teeb liab, koj txuas ib txhais ceg rau lub teeb liab thiab ib txhais ceg rau hauv av. Tom qab ntawd txhais ceg nruab nrab yuav yog qhov sib faib nruab nrab ntawm lub zog ua kom muaj zog thiab hauv av muaj zog tag nrho. Cov ceg nruab nrab txuas nrog lub wiper, uas so raws txoj kev tiv thaiv thaum koj ntswj lub pob qhov rooj.

Daim duab lub wiper txav nrog lub pob qhov rooj, nrog nws sib tw txhua txoj kev raws lub moos (ntim tau!) Lub wiper yuav tsoo mus rau qhov kawg ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam uas txuas nrog rau ceg ntawm sab laug ntawm daim duab no.

Twist nws rau lwm txoj kev, thiab lub wiper yuav tsoo tawm tsam lwm ceg! Yog li hauv kuv txoj kev xav, txhais ceg laug hauv daim duab no yog sab "siab" thiab lwm qhov yog "qis".

AAAAAaaaaanyway, tus pin 14 ntawm 4069 tau muab muag rau "siab" sab ntawm lub hwj chim. Qhov tsis txuas nrog-thiab-khoov tus pin ntawm tus thib ob transistor mus txog thiab mus txog deb npaum li nws tuaj yeem ua tau thiab peb yuav txuas nws mus rau "qis" sab ntawm lub hwj chim. Qhov nruab nrab txhais ceg ntawm lub zog txuas txuas mus rau CV nkag nkag ntawm lub Circuit Court (transistor nruab nrab ceg thiab 1.5K resistor peb tau tham ua ntej) los ntawm tus tiv thaiv …….

Kauj Ruam 19: Ua Haujlwm Nrog Lub Hau Hau

Nov yog qhov uas tus tiv thaiv yuav tsum mus. Nws tseem yog daim duab zoo los qhia yuav ua li cas ob txhais ceg ntawm lub transistor thib ob tau khoov thoob plaws kom mus txog "qis" sab ntawm lub hwj chim. Okay, koj yuav tsum siv tus tiv thaiv dab tsi? Wb tham txog qhov ntawd!

Qhov VCO no tuaj yeem mus los ntawm lub suab mus rau ultrasonic, yog li koj yuav xav tau pob ntxhib pob qhov rooj thiab lub pob qhov rooj zoo kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm txhua qhov ntawd THIAB tuaj yeem tau txais lub suab meej.

100K tus tiv thaiv los ntawm lub tshuab nqus dej mus rau CV nkag nkag mus yuav tau txais koj txhua qhov ntawd, tab sis lub pob qhov rooj yuav nkag siab heev.

1.8M tus tiv thaiv yuav tso cai rau koj kom tswj tau lub suab zoo (hauv kuv qhov kev paub, txog ob lub octaves) tab sis VCO yuav tsis tuaj yeem mus rau qhov qis-qis lossis qis heev ntawm nws cov peev txheej ntau yam tsis muaj lwm lub hwj chim li lub suab ntxhib.

Yog li peb yuav tsum txiav txim siab ntawm ob lub zog, ib qho nrog 100K tus tiv thaiv rau CV nkag mus. Qhov ntawd yuav yog qhov kev tswj hwm suab ntxhib. Tom qab ntawd peb yuav muaj lub zog ntsuas thib ob nrog tus nqi tiv thaiv siab dua, qee yam ntawm 1M thiab 2.2M yog qhov zoo tshaj. Qhov ntawd yuav yog peb qhov kev tswj hwm lub suab zoo!

Tab sis peb yuav daws nrog lub hwj chim thib ob ntawd me ntsis. Ua ntej peb yuav daws nrog qhov tso tawm sab ntawm Circuit no.

Kauj Ruam 20: Peb Yuav Tsum Pob Zeb Rau … Txoj Kev Electrolytic …

Electrolytic capacitors yog polarized, uas txhais tau tias ib txhais ceg yuav tsum txuas nrog lub zog siab dua lwm qhov. Ib ntawm ob txhais ceg yuav ib txwm cim nrog kab txaij, feem ntau muaj cov cim me me hauv nws. Lwm ceg los ntawm tus cim taw yuav tsum tau txuas nrog qhov twg lub teeb liab yuav tawm ntawm VCO no, uas yog tus pin 12.

Yog vim li cas peb xav tau lub capacitor ntawm no yog qhov oscillator tso tawm lub teeb liab nruab nrab ntawm nws txoj kab, uas txuas nrog +V thiab hauv av. Lub teeb liab zoo li no yog "tsis ncaj ncees", txhais tau tias qhov nruab nrab qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub teeb liab tsis nyob nruab nrab (hauv av) qib, nws yog txhua qhov zoo. Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis zoo qhov hluav taws xob tawm ntawm qhov qauv no - peb tsis tau sim ua kom muaj zog dab tsi.

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob no yuav "sau" (saturate) nrog qhov tsis ncaj ncees qhov hluav taws xob, thaiv nws, thiab tsuas yog tso cov kev sib hloov hauv qhov hluav taws xob kom dhau. Yuav tsum muaj ib feem ntxiv ntawm qhov me me ntawm lub Circuit Court: tus tiv thaiv txuas nrog rau qhov hluav taws xob tshiab twg koj xav tau cov teeb liab oscillating rau nruab nrab. Wow saib !!! Muaj av hauv lub cev nyob ze rau qhov rho tawm ceg ntawm lub capacitor zoo li cas! Peb yuav siv qhov av ntawd hauv peb cov kauj ruam tom ntej.

Kauj Ruam 21: Lub Lim Dej Yooj Yim Tau Txais Hauv Ntej

Nov yog qhov uas tus tiv thaiv rau hauv av mus. Pin 8 ntawm tus nti yog ib tus pin uas txuas nrog hauv av. Tus Pin 8 yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws… tab sis tag nrho cov pins tau tuav rau hauv ib qib hauv av vim tias peb tau tsim txoj kev rov qab li cas hauv Kauj Ruam 2.

Lwm qhov kev tiv thaiv qhov tseem ceeb yuav hloov pauv li cas qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm VCO no zoo li thiab suab. Tus nqi me me zoo li 4.7K yuav cia lub capacitor saturate sai dua vim tias tam sim no ntau dua yuav dhau los ntawm nws, ua rau pom nthwv dej muaj qhov siab thiab nkhaus nkhaus nqes mus rau hauv av. Qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas siab dua yuav tsis ua li cas, tab sis yog tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob no txuas nrog txhua yam txuas nrog nws, qhov ntsuas qhov tsis zoo yuav dhau mus rau lub sijhawm ntev dua. Qhov no yuav ua rau "THUMP", uas koj yuav tau hnov yog tias koj tau qhib ntau lub tshuab hluav taws xob uas muaj ib feem ntawm lawv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob teeb tsa zoo li no.

Kauj Ruam 22: Peb Tau Txais Lub Hwj Chim

Hav hey saib lub sijhawm yog dab tsi! Lub sijhawm los txuas cov xov hluav taws xob!

Peb qhov hluav taws xob zoo (+12, +15 lossis +9V yuav ua haujlwm tau zoo xwb) mus rau "siab" txhais ceg ntawm lub hwj chim. Peb qhov hluav taws xob tsis zoo (tib qhov hluav taws xob tab sis qhov tsis zoo yuav txhua qhov ua haujlwm zoo, lawv tsis txawm tias yuav tsum muaj qhov sib npaug tab sis lawv ib txwm yog) mus rau "qis" txhais ceg ntawm lub zog.

Ua kom super-ultra paub tseeb tias koj tsis yuam kev cia ib qho ntawm cov pob qij txha kov txhua yam uas lawv tsis xav tau. Cov khoom tuaj yeem hlawv nrog cov dej ntws uas cov xov hlau no yuav nqa mus.

Kauj ruam 23: Nws Nyob !

Tam sim no ntawm qhov no, peb tau ua haujlwm VCO! Saib rau ntawm daim duab no thiab saib qhov me ntsis overdriven pom nthwv dej !!!! Nws tsis zoo tag nrho, tab sis qhov qis me me nyob rau sab saum toj yuav tsis hnov rau cov neeg tuag.

Kauj Ruam 24: Dai Nyob Hauv, Tsuas Yog Me Nyuam Ntxiv

Peb nyob ze. Tsuas yog ob tus tiv thaiv no xav tau ntxiv, lwm lub hwj chim, thiab tso qhov phiaj xwm rau hauv ib qho thaiv yog txhua yam peb tau tso tseg.

Koj tuaj yeem ua tau !!!

Nco ntsoov 100K resistor txuas nrog rau nruab nrab txhais ceg ntawm lub zog? Lub lauj kaub wiper? Kauj ruam 19? Koj puas nco? Zoo kawg! Tus resistor thiab lub hwj chim yuav teev thawj zaus rau oscillator. Tab sis peb yuav tsum tau cuam tshuam rau hauv Circuit Court nrog sab nraud voltage, uas zoo li tag nrho kev cuam tshuam nrog CV khoom. Yog li qhov tshiab 100K tus tiv thaiv yuav txuas rau lub jack rau ntiaj teb sab nraud.

"Dab tsi?" koj nug, "yog 1.8M resistor rau?" Kuv yuav qhia koj: nws yog lub suab zoo. Qhov sib sib zog nqus pob qhov rooj yuav siv tus oscillator los ntawm LFO zaus mus rau ultrasonic, yog li yog tias koj xav kho koj li VCO rau ib qho tshwj xeeb zaus, qee yam tsis muaj zog yuav tsim nyog.

Kauj Ruam 25: Peb Cov Kws Kuj Kawg Kawg koom nrog Txoj Haujlwm

Kev sib tw-ua ke-cov khoom ntawm ob lub resistors tau txuas nrog CV taw tes. Nws tau ib pliag txij li peb tau cuam tshuam nrog ob khub ntawm transistors dai sab ntawm peb txoj haujlwm, tab sis CV taw tes yog sab ceg ntawm lub transistor uas tseem muaj 1.5K resistor* mus rau lub trimmer thiab 100K resistor mus rau nruab nrab ceg ntawm lub hwj chim. Qhov chaw.

Txuas tus khub ntawm resistors muaj. Peb txhua tus ua tiav nrog qhov chaw tshwj tsis yog koj txiav txim siab ntxiv CV cov tswv yim ntxiv, uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau. Ntxiv ob peb ntxiv 100K tus tiv thaiv ntawm no thiab txuas lawv rau lub tsho txhawm rau txhawm rau nthuav tawm FM, vibrato, ntau yam ua ntu zus… mus vwm!

*Ehem … ehem e … hauv daim duab no, koj tuaj yeem pom tus tiv thaiv ziab ……. tsis quav ntsej qhov ntawd, tsis muaj dab tsi pom ntawm no … Kuv yuam kev siv 510 ohm resistor qhov twg 1.5K tus tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau mus yog li kuv ntxiv tias ziab 1K resistor hauv koob. Yog, kuv ua yuam kev ntau zaus, thiab ua yuam kev yog ib qho yooj yim heev rau daws teeb meem thiab kho thaum koj tuaj yeem pom tseeb qhov twg txhua qhov khoom siv mus.

Kauj Ruam 26: Txheeb Ib Qhov Chaw Rho Tawm kom Pom Qhov Potentiometer Thib Ob

… Lossis yog tias koj muaj hmoo heev, koj yuav muaj lub cim tshiab uas koj tuaj yeem siv tau! Zoo li qhov no! Nws yog li huv thiab ci!

Pristine… nyeem ntxiv

Qhov no yuav yog kev tswj lub suab zoo. Lub hwj chim coj mus rau hauv koj qhov project tau txuas rau ob qhov kawg ntawm lub hwj chim ib yam li qhov no. Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo mus rau sab "siab", tsis zoo rau sab "qis".

Qhov nruab nrab ntawm txhais ceg ntawm lub hwj chim tau txais me ntsis xaim xaim rau nws.

Kauj Ruam 27: Lwm Qhov Kawg Ntawm Cov Hlau Me

Thiab lwm qhov kawg ntawm cov xov hlau mus rau 1.8M tus tiv thaiv peb tau ntxiv hauv kauj ruam 25. Qhov tsis txuas nrog 100K resistor tuaj yeem ua ke kom pab peb taug qab nws rau tom qab.

Yog tias koj tseem nrog kuv, peb tau tsim VCO! Nws tsis muaj txiaj ntsig me me tsuas yog dai tawm zoo li no, tos rau qee tus neeg muab daim ntawv theej Titus Groan lossis cov hlau cam khwb cia qias neeg rau nws (yog tias kuv muaj npib tsib xee …), yog li peb yuav tsum tau thauj nws mus rau hauv lub thawv.

Kuv siv cov kaus poom tin rau qhov thaiv. Yog tias koj siv "nplooj tsis muaj ntug ntse !!!" hom tuaj yeem qhib tau, cov kaus poom ua rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog lub hau khov khov kom txaus siv qee qhov kev tsim txom, tab sis muag txaus kom ua rau qhov tsis muaj cov cuab yeej siv zog. Kuv muaj tag nrho cov vis dis aus hais txog ntawm no.

Kauj ruam 28: Hauv Can

Kuv kuj siv RCA jacks uas yooj yim ua haujlwm nrog. Qhov ze tshaj plaws hauv thawj daim duab yog sab nraub qaum ntawm RCA nkaus. Nov yog qhov uas CV yuav los ntawm sab nraud.

Qhov VCO no me me txaus kom tsis xav tau lwm qhov kev txhawb nqa ntxiv rau kev sib txuas nws muaj rau lub hwj chim. Thaum peb tau txais lub hwj chim zoo thiab kaw ntom nti, peb yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas txhua txoj hauv kev thiab cov hlau liab qab hauv lub voj voog, siv lub hau ntswj me me txhawm rau txhuam ib feem ntawm qhov chaw uas lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob kov.

Cov xaim ntawm sab laug yog CV txuas, mus los ntawm lub tsho mus rau 100K tus tiv thaiv, ib qho nrog qhov nkhaus hla qhov kawg.

Cov xaim ntawm sab xis mus los ntawm qhov chaw uas 1uF capacitor thiab 100K resistor ntsib. Nws nyuaj rau pom los ntawm lub kaum sab xis no, tab sis kuv tsis muaj daim duab zoo dua.

Thiab muaj peb muaj nws! Lub suab-taug qab pom-yoj VCO ua rau tsawg dua $ 2.00 hauv ib feem!

Tab sis qhov txiaj ntsig tiag yog nyob hauv cov phooj ywg peb tau ua raws txoj hauv kev.

Kauj ruam 29: Ua tiav

Suab-taug qab VCOs yog qhov zoo kawg, vim tias koj tuaj yeem teeb tsa ib khub ntawm lawv (lossis ntau dua) los ua si hauv kev sib haum xeeb, thiab tom qab ntawd muab ob qho tib si rau tib qho hluav taws xob, thiab thaum lawv nce lossis nqis qhov ntau zaus, lawv yuav nyob hauv kev sib haum xeeb nrog txhua lwm yam.

Tab sis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li no yuav tsum tau ntsuas. Muaj ntau qhov peev txheej muaj los pab koj kawm paub yuav ua li cas, tab sis kuv yuav sim piav qhia nws ntawm no ib yam.

Ua ntej, tsim txoj hauv kev kom nyab xeeb lub zog no thaum nws lub siab nkag tau yooj yim. Vam tias koj twb tau txhawb nws thiab lees paub tias nws ua haujlwm. Xyuas kom tseeb tias koj lub hau ntswj ntsia hlau tuaj yeem ncav cuag lub trimmer zoo - rau kuv tsim kuv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo khoov cov plaub hau me ntsis. Qhib lub zog rau tus qauv no (thiab koj cov synth), thiab txuas cov zis rau cov neeg hais lus ib yam nkaus. Yog tias koj tsis ntseeg koj lub pob ntseg los teeb tsa octaves kom raug, txuas lub oscilloscope rau qhov tso tawm ib yam, lossis muaj lub tshuab ntaus guitar mloog lub suab uas VCO tau ua.

Thaum cov khoom txuas nrog thiab ua suab nrov, cia nws zaum li ob peb feeb kom tso cai rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob mus txog qhov ntsuas kub ruaj khov.

Txuas 1v/octave qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob mus rau CV cov tswv yim ntawm Circuit Court. Ua si octaves thiab pom tias nruab nrab C tsis yog ib qho octave hauv qab siab C !!! Nrog VCO ua si ntau dua octave, tig lub tshuab txiav. Yog tias lub suab ntawm cov ntawv ntawd poob qis, qhov ntawd txhais tau tias qhov ntau ntawm cov ntawv siab dua thiab cov ntawv qis yuav tau txais me dua. Kho lub trimmer rov qab thiab tawm mus kom txog thaum koj hu rau hauv kom "Cim" yog tib daim ntawv tab sis ib qho octave nqis los ntawm "ib lub octave nce los ntawm Ceeb Toom."

Yog tias koj tsis muaj 1V/octave qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob, koj tuaj yeem tso nws tawm txawm li cas los xij, tab sis yog tias koj xav tau ob lossis peb (lossis MOAR !!!) ntawm cov no kom nyob sib haum ua ke siv tib qib CV los ntawm koj cov synth (xav tias kab ntawv sib dhos txav mus thiab nqis qis dua), Nov yog qhov koj ua. Tune ib khub ntawm cov no rau tib qho lus ceeb toom nrog CV txuas nrog rau khub. Hloov qhov CV ntawd thiab kho ib qho ntawm VCO cov tshuab txiav kom nyob twj ywm. Tom qab ntawd tig nws rov qab (nws yuav tsis hloov pauv ntawm thawj qib CV) thiab kho dua. Yaug dua rov yaug rov ua dua yaug thiab rov ua dua kom txog thaum kawg koj tau txais ib khub VCOs uas muaj cov lus teb zoo ib yam rau CV !!!

VCOs zoo nkauj yuav tau them nyiaj ntau zaus, ntsuas kub tiv taus qhov kub, tawm FM, daim duab peb sab, mem tes, thiab sine waveforms …… txog 20KHz thiab nqis mus rau 20Hz, tab sis rau kuv lub hom phiaj, qhov no yog qhov ua haujlwm me me zoo heev VCO, thiab tus nqi yog qhov zoo heev.